mater: Difference between revisions
καλῶς δρῶν ἐξαμαρτεῖν μᾶλλον ἢ νικᾶν κακῶς → I would prefer to fail with honor than to win by evil | I prefer to fail by acting rightly rather than win by acting wrongly | Better fail by doing right, than win by doing wrong (Sophocles, Philoctetes 95)
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|lshtext=<b>māter</b>: [[tris]], f. [[root]] ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to [[make]], [[measure]], [[like]] Gr. [[μήτηρ]] | |lshtext=<b>māter</b>: [[tris]], f. [[root]] ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to [[make]], [[measure]], [[like]] Gr. [[μήτηρ]], the [[maker]], [[akin]] [[with]] Dor. [[μάτηρ]]; Germ. Mutter; Engl. [[mother]]; cf.: [[materies]], [[manus]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[mother]] (dat. [[sing]]. matre, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 177; dat. plur. matris, Inscr. Grut. 90: matrabus, Inscr. Orell. 2089).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: si [[quidem]] istius regis (sc. Anci Martii) matrem habemus, [[ignoramus]] patrem, Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33: [[cur]] non [[sit]] [[heres]] matri suae? id. ib. 3, 10, 17: de pietate in matrem, id. Lael. 3, 11: Sassia [[mater]] hujus Aviti, id. Clu. 5, 12: [[Hecate]], quae matre [[Asteria]] est, [[who]] has [[Asteria]] for her [[mother]], id. N. D. 3, 18, 46: musa, matre nati, id. ib. 3, 18, 45: [[mater]] esse de [[aliquo]], to be a [[mother]], i. e. to be [[pregnant]] by [[any]] one, Ov. H. 9, 48: facere [[aliquam]] matrem, id. M. 9, 491: [[mater]] familias or familiae, the [[mistress]] of a [[house]], [[matron]] (v. [[familia]]).—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., a [[nurse]]: [[mater]] sua ... quae mammam dabat, [[neque]] [[adeo]] [[mater]] ipsa, quae illos pepererat, Plaut. Men. prol. 19: puero opust [[cibo]], [[opus]] est [[autem]] matri quae puerum lavit, id. Truc. 5 10: lambere matrem, Verg. A. 8, 632.—As a [[title]] of [[honor]], [[mother]], applied to priestesses: jubemus te salvere, [[mater]]. Sa. Salvete puellae, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 5: [[amice]] benigneque honorem, [[mater]], [[nostrum]] habes, id. ib. 1, 5, 30.—To goddesses: [[Vesta]] [[mater]], Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 4, 2; Verg. G. 1, 498: [[mater]] [[Matuta]], v. h. v.: [[Flora]] [[mater]], Lucr. 5, 739; the [[same]]: florum, Ov. F. 5, 183: [[mater]] magna, or absol.: Mater, i. e. [[Cybele]], the [[mother]] of all the gods: matris magnae [[sacerdos]], Cic. Sest. 26; cf. absol.: matris quate cymbala [[circum]], Verg. G. 4, 64; id. A. 9, 108: secreta palatia Matris, Juv. 9, 23: matres ... cives Romanae, ut jus liberorum consecutae videantur, Paul. Sent. 4, 9, 1: matris condicionem sequi, Gai. Inst. 1, 81; cf. §§ 67, 86.—Also, in gen., a [[woman]], a [[lady]]; usu. in plur., women, ladies: pilentis matres in mollibus, Verg. A. 8, 666: matres [[atque]] viri, id. ib. 6, 306; cf. Ov. F. 1, 619.—Of the [[earth]], as the [[mother]] of all: exercitum Dis Manibus matrique Terrae deberi, Liv. 8, 6; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56.—Of a [[country]]: haec [[terra]], [[quam]] matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2: amorum, i. e. [[Venus]], Ov. H. 16, 201: cupidinum, i. e. [[Venus]], Hor. C. 1, 19, 1.—Of animals: porci cum matribus, Varr. R. R. 2, 4: excretos prohibent a matribus haedos, Verg. G. 3, 398: ova assunt ipsis cum matribus, i. e. cum gallinis, Juv. 11, 70: [[mater]] [[simia]], id. 10, 195: [[pullus]] hirundinis ad quem volat [[mater]], id. 10, 232.—Of the trunks of trees, etc.: plantas tenero abscindens de corpore matrum, Verg. G. 2, 23; Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23.—Of a [[fountain]], as the [[source]] of waters: ex grandi palude oritur ([[fluvius]]), [[quam]] matrem ejus accolae appellant, Mel. 2, 1, 7.—Of a [[chief]] or [[capital]] [[city]]: [[mater]] Italiae [[Roma]], Flor. 3, 18, 5: ut [[Graeci]] dicere solent, urbium [[mater]], Cydona, id. 3, 7, 4: ([[Cilicia]]) matrem urbium habet Tarsum, Sol. 38; cf. [[Metropolis]].—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> The [[mother]], i. e. [[maternal]] [[love]]: [[simul]] matrem labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: [[mater]] redit, Sen. ap. Med. 928.—<br /> <b>B</b> Motherhood, [[maternity]], Sen. Herc. Oet. 389.—<br /> <b>C</b> A producing [[cause]], [[origin]], [[source]], etc. (freq. and [[class]].): apes mellis matres, Varr. R. R. 2, 5: [[mater]] omnium bonarum artium [[sapientia]] est, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: [[philosophia]] [[mater]] omnium [[bene]] factorum, id. Brut. 93, 322: avaritiae [[mater]], luxuries, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: [[voluptas]], malorum [[mater]] omnium, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; 1, 22, 58; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Planc. 33, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34; Plin. 37, 6, 21, § 80; Quint. 9, 3, 89: juris et religionis, Cic. Rep. 5, 2, 3: justitiae [[imbecillitas]] [[mater]] est, id. ib. 3, 14, 23: [[intemperantia]] omnium perturbationum [[mater]], id. Ac. 1, 10, 39: [[similitudo]] est satietatis [[mater]], id. Inv. 1, 41, 76: [[utilitas]] justi [[prope]] [[mater]] et aequi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 98; Lact. 3, 8, 32; Aug. in Psa. 83, 1.—Comically: eam (sc. hirneam) ego vini ut matre fuerat natum, eduxi meri, i. e. as it came from the [[cask]], [[without]] the [[addition]] of [[water]], Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274.—<br /> <b>D</b> The [[protector]], [[shelter]], [[home]]: [[urbs]] [[Roma]], virtutum omnium [[mater]], Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 1: [[illa]] [[Jerusalem]] quae est [[mater]] nostra, Vulg. Gal. 4, 26. | ||
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Revision as of 09:33, 13 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
māter: tris, f. root ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to make, measure, like Gr. μήτηρ, the maker, akin with Dor. μάτηρ; Germ. Mutter; Engl. mother; cf.: materies, manus,
I a mother (dat. sing. matre, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 177; dat. plur. matris, Inscr. Grut. 90: matrabus, Inscr. Orell. 2089).
I Lit.: si quidem istius regis (sc. Anci Martii) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem, Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33: cur non sit heres matri suae? id. ib. 3, 10, 17: de pietate in matrem, id. Lael. 3, 11: Sassia mater hujus Aviti, id. Clu. 5, 12: Hecate, quae matre Asteria est, who has Asteria for her mother, id. N. D. 3, 18, 46: musa, matre nati, id. ib. 3, 18, 45: mater esse de aliquo, to be a mother, i. e. to be pregnant by any one, Ov. H. 9, 48: facere aliquam matrem, id. M. 9, 491: mater familias or familiae, the mistress of a house, matron (v. familia).—
B Transf., a nurse: mater sua ... quae mammam dabat, neque adeo mater ipsa, quae illos pepererat, Plaut. Men. prol. 19: puero opust cibo, opus est autem matri quae puerum lavit, id. Truc. 5 10: lambere matrem, Verg. A. 8, 632.—As a title of honor, mother, applied to priestesses: jubemus te salvere, mater. Sa. Salvete puellae, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 5: amice benigneque honorem, mater, nostrum habes, id. ib. 1, 5, 30.—To goddesses: Vesta mater, Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 4, 2; Verg. G. 1, 498: mater Matuta, v. h. v.: Flora mater, Lucr. 5, 739; the same: florum, Ov. F. 5, 183: mater magna, or absol.: Mater, i. e. Cybele, the mother of all the gods: matris magnae sacerdos, Cic. Sest. 26; cf. absol.: matris quate cymbala circum, Verg. G. 4, 64; id. A. 9, 108: secreta palatia Matris, Juv. 9, 23: matres ... cives Romanae, ut jus liberorum consecutae videantur, Paul. Sent. 4, 9, 1: matris condicionem sequi, Gai. Inst. 1, 81; cf. §§ 67, 86.—Also, in gen., a woman, a lady; usu. in plur., women, ladies: pilentis matres in mollibus, Verg. A. 8, 666: matres atque viri, id. ib. 6, 306; cf. Ov. F. 1, 619.—Of the earth, as the mother of all: exercitum Dis Manibus matrique Terrae deberi, Liv. 8, 6; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56.—Of a country: haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2: amorum, i. e. Venus, Ov. H. 16, 201: cupidinum, i. e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 19, 1.—Of animals: porci cum matribus, Varr. R. R. 2, 4: excretos prohibent a matribus haedos, Verg. G. 3, 398: ova assunt ipsis cum matribus, i. e. cum gallinis, Juv. 11, 70: mater simia, id. 10, 195: pullus hirundinis ad quem volat mater, id. 10, 232.—Of the trunks of trees, etc.: plantas tenero abscindens de corpore matrum, Verg. G. 2, 23; Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23.—Of a fountain, as the source of waters: ex grandi palude oritur (fluvius), quam matrem ejus accolae appellant, Mel. 2, 1, 7.—Of a chief or capital city: mater Italiae Roma, Flor. 3, 18, 5: ut Graeci dicere solent, urbium mater, Cydona, id. 3, 7, 4: (Cilicia) matrem urbium habet Tarsum, Sol. 38; cf. Metropolis.—
II Trop.
A The mother, i. e. maternal love: simul matrem labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: mater redit, Sen. ap. Med. 928.—
B Motherhood, maternity, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389.—
C A producing cause, origin, source, etc. (freq. and class.): apes mellis matres, Varr. R. R. 2, 5: mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: philosophia mater omnium bene factorum, id. Brut. 93, 322: avaritiae mater, luxuries, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: voluptas, malorum mater omnium, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; 1, 22, 58; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Planc. 33, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34; Plin. 37, 6, 21, § 80; Quint. 9, 3, 89: juris et religionis, Cic. Rep. 5, 2, 3: justitiae imbecillitas mater est, id. ib. 3, 14, 23: intemperantia omnium perturbationum mater, id. Ac. 1, 10, 39: similitudo est satietatis mater, id. Inv. 1, 41, 76: utilitas justi prope mater et aequi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 98; Lact. 3, 8, 32; Aug. in Psa. 83, 1.—Comically: eam (sc. hirneam) ego vini ut matre fuerat natum, eduxi meri, i. e. as it came from the cask, without the addition of water, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274.—
D The protector, shelter, home: urbs Roma, virtutum omnium mater, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 1: illa Jerusalem quae est mater nostra, Vulg. Gal. 4, 26.
