Latium

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

Lătĭum: ii, n. 2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land; by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son, Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13; or to Latinus, the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.,
I a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts: Latium vetus, Tac. A. 4, 5; or antiquum, Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and: Latium novum, or adjectum, originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—
   B Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini): eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit, Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur; minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt, Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.: Latium externis dilargiri, Tac. H. 3, 55: Latio dato, Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20: Latio donata oppida, id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—
II Hence,
   A Lătĭ-us, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): agri, the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91: gens, id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832: lingua, id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894: boves, Col. 6, 1, 2. —Poet., for Roman: turba, the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639: parentes, id. ib. 3, 243; cf. matres, id. ib. 4, 133: annus, the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1: vulnera, of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—
   B Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.
   1    Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf. genus, the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6: lingua, the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf. opp. Graeca, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10: poëtae, opp. Graeci, id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.: dies, the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.;
v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.
   1    Form Latialis: populus, the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481: sermo, Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7: Juppiter, Luc. 1, 198; hence, also, caput, a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.—Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.): peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur, Mart. Cap. 5 init.: nihil effari, id. 6, § 587: te Latialiter sonantem, Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—
   2    Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85: Juppiter, Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.: collis, Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.: doctrina Latiaris, Macr. S. 1, 2.—Adv.: Lătĭārĭter,
v. in the preced. 1.—
   b Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris: confectum erat Latiar, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.