ὄρθρος: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=orthros
|Transliteration C=orthros
|Beta Code=o)/rqros
|Beta Code=o)/rqros
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[the time just before]] or <b class="b2">about daybreak, dawn, cock-crow</b> (ἀπ' ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνάσχῃ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>951d</span>), τάχα δ' ὄ. ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>98</span>; ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>256</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>496</span>, etc.; ὄρθρου [[at dawn]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>577</span>, <span class="bibl">Sopat.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristopho 10</span>; ὄρθρου γενομένου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.198</span>; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ <span class="bibl">Id.7.188</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.112</span>, etc.; ἐς ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.6</span>; κατ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>772</span>; περὶ ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Th.6.101</span> (cf. [[περίορθρος]]); <b class="b3">πρὸς ὄρθρον</b> towards [[dawn]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1089</span>; πρὸς ὄρθρον γ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>20</span>; ὑπ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Batr.103</span>; ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. <span class="bibl">D.C.76.17</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν ὄ</b>., abs., [[in the morning]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.181</span>; <b class="b3">δι' ὄρθρων</b> each [[morning early]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 909</span>; <b class="b3">ὄ. βαθύς</b> dim [[morning twilight]], ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. β. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>216</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cri.</span>43a</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.14</span>; τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτὸς... ἔτι βαθέος ὄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 310a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>24.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Ὄρθρος, ὁ, a mythical dog, son of Typhaon and Echidna, that kept the herds of Geryoneus on the island Erytheia, and was there killed by Heracles, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>309</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">293</span> (v.l. [[Ὄρθος]]).</span>
|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[the time just before]] or <b class="b2">about daybreak, dawn, cock-crow</b> (ἀπ' ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνάσχῃ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>951d</span>), τάχα δ' ὄ. ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>98</span>; ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>256</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Av.</span>496</span>, etc.; ὄρθρου [[at dawn]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>577</span>, <span class="bibl">Sopat.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristopho 10</span>; ὄρθρου γενομένου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.198</span>; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ <span class="bibl">Id.7.188</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.112</span>, etc.; ἐς ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.56</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.6</span>; κατ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>772</span>; περὶ ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Th.6.101</span> (cf. [[περίορθρος]]); <b class="b3">πρὸς ὄρθρον</b> towards [[dawn]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1089</span>; πρὸς ὄρθρον γ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>20</span>; ὑπ' ὄρθρον <span class="bibl">Batr.103</span>; ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. <span class="bibl">D.C.76.17</span>; <b class="b3">τὸν ὄ</b>., abs., [[in the morning]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.181</span>; <b class="b3">δι' ὄρθρων</b> each [[morning early]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 909</span>; <b class="b3">ὄ. βαθύς</b> dim [[morning twilight]], ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. β. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>216</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cri.</span>43a</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.18.14</span>; τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτὸς... ἔτι βαθέος ὄ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 310a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>24.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Ὄρθρος, ὁ, a mythical dog, son of Typhaon and Echidna, that kept the herds of Geryoneus on the island Erytheia, and was there killed by Heracles, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>309</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">293</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[Ὄρθος]]).</span>
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Revision as of 19:05, 11 January 2022

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ὄρθρος Medium diacritics: ὄρθρος Low diacritics: όρθρος Capitals: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ
Transliteration A: órthros Transliteration B: orthros Transliteration C: orthros Beta Code: o)/rqros

English (LSJ)

ὁ, A the time just before or about daybreak, dawn, cock-crow (ἀπ' ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνάσχῃ Pl.Lg.951d), τάχα δ' ὄ. ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργός h.Merc.98; ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ Ar.Ach.256, cf. Av.496, etc.; ὄρθρου at dawn, Hes.Op.577, Sopat.25, Aristopho 10; ὄρθρου γενομένου Hdt.1.198; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ Id.7.188, Th.3.112, etc.; ἐς ὄρθρον Theoc.18.56, cf. X.Cyn.6.6; κατ' ὄρθρον Ar.V.772; περὶ ὄρθρον Th.6.101 (cf. περίορθρος); πρὸς ὄρθρον towards dawn, Ar.Lys.1089; πρὸς ὄρθρον γ' ἐστίν Id.Ec.20; ὑπ' ὄρθρον Batr.103; ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. D.C.76.17; τὸν ὄ., abs., in the morning, Hdt.4.181; δι' ὄρθρων each morning early, E.El. 909; ὄ. βαθύς dim morning twilight, ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. β. Ar.V.216, cf. Pl. Cri.43a, Theoc.18.14; τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτὸς... ἔτι βαθέος ὄ. Pl.Prt. 310a, cf. Ev.Luc.24.1. II Ὄρθρος, ὁ, a mythical dog, son of Typhaon and Echidna, that kept the herds of Geryoneus on the island Erytheia, and was there killed by Heracles, Hes.Th.309, cf. 293 (v.l. Ὄρθος).

German (Pape)

[Seite 377] ὁ (ὄρνυμι), der frühe Morgen, die Zeit vor und um Tagesanbruch, wo die Sonne aufgeht, die Menschen und Thiere sich von ihren Lagern erheben; Hes. O. 579; H. h. Merc. 98; ὑπ' ὄρθρον, Batrach. 102; δι' ὄρθρων, Eur. El. 909; κατ' ὄρθρον, πρὸς ὄρθρον, Ar. Vesp. 772 Eccl. 20; ἅμα τῷ ὄρθρῳ, Thuc. 3, 112, wie Her. 7, 188; ὄρθρος βαθύς, sehr früher Morgen, Ar. Vesp. 216 Plat. Criton. 43 a Prot. 310 a; ἀπ' ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνίσχῃ, Legg. XII, 951 d; Folgde, ἐξ ὄρθρου Pol. 3, 73, 3, τὸν ὄρθρον, am Morgen, 12, 26, 1; bei B. A. wird ὄρθρος bestimmt als ἡ ὥρα τῆς νυκτός, καθ' ἣν ἀλεκτρυόνες ᾄδουσιν, ἄρχεται δὲ ἐνάτης ὥρας καὶ τελευτᾷ εἰς διαγελῶσαν ἡμέραν.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ὄρθρος: ὁ, ὁ ὀλίγον πρὸ τῆς ἕω χρόνος, μικρὸν πρὸ τῆς αὐγῆς, (ἀπ’ ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἄν ἥλιος ἀνίσχῃ Πλάτ. Νόμ. 951D)· τάχα δ’ ὄρθρος ἐγίγνετο δημιοεργὸς Ὁμ. Ὕμν. εἰς Ἑρμ. 98, Ἀριστοφῶν ἐν «Πυθαγοριστῇ» 1. 8· ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 256, πρβλ. Ὄρν. 496, κτλ.· ὄρθρου, κατὰ τὸν ὄρθρον, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 575· ὄρθρου γενομένου Ἡρόδ. 1. 196· ἅμα ὄρθρῳ ὁ αὐτ. 7. 188, Θουκ. 3. 112, κτλ.· ἐς ὄρθρον Θεοκρ. 18. 56, πρβλ. Ξεν. Κυν. 6, 6· κατ’ ὄρθρον Ἀριστοφ. Σφῆκ. 772· περὶ ὄρθρον Θουκ. 6. 101 (πρβλ. περίορθρος)· πρὸς ὄρθρον Ἀριστοφ. Λυσ. 2089· πρὸς ὄρθρον γ’ ἐστὶν ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ἐκκλ. 20· οὕτως, ὑπ’ ὄρθρον Βατραχομυομ. 103. ὑπὸ τὸν ὄ. Δίων Κ. 76. 17· τὸν ὄρθρον, ἀπολ., ἐνωρίς, τὸ πρωΐ, Ἡρόδ. 4. 181· δι’ ὄρθρων, πᾶσαν πρωΐαν ἐνωρίς, Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 909 ― ὄρθρος βαθύς, λίαν πρωΐ, πρὸ τῆς αὐγῆς, ἀλλὰ νῦν ὄ. βαθὺς Ἀριστοφ. Σφῆκ. 216, πρβλ. Πλάτ. Κρίτωνα 43Α· τῆς παρελθούσης νυκτός …, ἔτι βαθέος ὄρθρου ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πρωτ. 310Α. ΙΙ. Ὄρθρος, ὁ, μυθικός τις κύων, υἱὸς τοῦ Τυφῶνος καὶ τῆς Ἐχίδνης, φυλάττων τὰς ἀγέλας τοῦ Γηρυόνου ἐπὶ τῆς νήσου Ἐρυθείας, ἔνθα καὶ ἐφονεύθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, Ἡσ. Θεογ. 309, πρβλ. 293.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (ὁ) :
point du jour, aurore : ὄρθρος βαθύς AR la première aurore, le jour naissant, le petit jour ; περὶ ὄρθρον THC, κατ’ ὄρθρον AR, πρὸς ὄρθρον AR, τὸ πρὸς ὄρθρον XÉN au point du jour ; ὄρθρου, τὸν ὄρθρον HDT m. sign. ; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ HDT avec le jour naissant.
Étymologie: R. Ὀρ, se lever ; v. ὄρνυμι.

English (Strong)

from the same as ὄρος; dawn (as sun-rise, rising of light); by extension, morn: early in the morning.

English (Thayer)

ὄρθρου, ὁ (from ὈΡΩ, ὄρνυμι to stir up, rouse; cf. Latin orior, ortus), from Hesiod down; the Sept. for שַׁחַר dawn, and several times for בֹּקֶר; daybreak, dawn: ὄρθρου βαθέος or βαθέως (see βαθέως and βαθύς (on the genitive cf. Winer s Grammar, § 30,11; Buttmann, § 132,26)), at early dawn, ὄρθρου, at daybreak, at dawn, early in the morning, Hesiod, Works, 575; the Sept. ὑπό τόν ὄρθρον, Dio Cassius, 76,17).

Greek Monotonic

ὄρθρος: ὁ, χάραμα, αυγή, λάλημα πετεινού, σε Ομηρ. Ύμν., Αριστοφ.· ὄρθρου, την αυγή, σε Ησίοδ.· ὄρθρου γενομένου, σε Ηρόδ.· ἅμα ὄρθρῳ, στον ίδ. κ.λπ.· επίσης, τὸν ὄρθρον, απόλ., το πρωί, στον ίδ.· δι' ὄρθρων, νωρίς το πρωί κάθε μέρα, σε Ευρ.· ὄρθρος βαθύς, νωρίς την αυγή, ακριβώς πριν το χάραμα, σε Αριστοφ., Πλάτ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ὄρθρος: ὁ рассвет, утренняя заря, раннее утро: ἀπ᾽ ὄρθρου μέχρι περ ἂν ἥλιος ἀνίσχῃ Plat. от рассвета до восхода солнца; ὑπ᾽ ὄρθρον Batr., NT, ὄρθρου Hes., ἐπειδὰν ὄ. ᾖ и κατ᾽ или πρὸς ὄρθρον Arph., ἅμα ὄρθρῳ, ὄρθρου γενομένου и τὸν ὄρθρον Her. etc., περὶ ὄρθρον Thuc., εἰς ὄρθρον Xen. с рассветом, на рассвете, на заре; ἔτι βαθέος ὄρθρου Plat., NT когда еще чуть брезжил рассвет.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: time before daybreak, the time of cock-crow, first dawn, later the beginning day, morning (h.Merc. 98, Hes. Op. 577; on the meaning Wackernagel Unt. 193).
Compounds: Some compp., e.g. ὀρθρο-βόας m. "morning-caller", denom. of the cock (AP; cf. on ἠϊ-κανός), τὸ περί-ορθρον dawn (Th., Hdn.).
Derivatives: 1. Adj. ὄρθρ-ιος belonging to ὄ., happening at ὄ. (h. Merc. 143), Όρθρία f. name of a goddess (Schwenn RhM 86, 298); -ινός id. (Arat., LXX, AP, cf. ἑωθ-ινός a.o.), -ίδιος id. (AP: ἀΐδιος a.o.); comp. forms ὀρθριαί-τερος, -τατος (Hdn.), adv. also ὀρθρί-τερον (pap.) after πρωΐ-, ὀψί-τερον (Schwyzer 534, Radermacher Festschr. Kretschmer 154ff.). 2. Verbs: a) ὀρθρ-εύω, -ομαι to be sleepless, awake in the early morning (E., Theoc.) with the backformation Ὄρθρος m. name of a mythical dog (Hes. Th. 309; Kretschmer Glotta 13, 270), with ἐπ- also to be up early (D. Chr., Luc.); b) -ίζω id. (LXX, Ev. Luc.) with (ἑπ-)ορθρισμός m. (Aq, Plu.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [cf. 1167]
Etymology: Already the meaning time before daybreak, first light of the morning is not favourable to the old connection to Lat. (sol) oriens, ortus m. rise (of a star); if Ϝορθ-αγορίσκος stands for *Ϝορθρ- (cf. s.v.), this explanation is definitely impossible. Then ὄρθρος can better be connected with ὀρθός a. cogn., with which esp. the Slavic cognates, e.g. OCS ranъ ὄρθριος Russ. ráno early are remarkable. The supposed suffixdiff. in ranъ from *u̯rōdh-no- and ὄρθ-ρος has been explained from an old interchange n : r [which does not seem very probable]. Thus ὄρθρος would be prop. "the growing (of the daylight)" after the dark of midnight, what would agree better with the orig. use of ὄρθρος. -- Lit. s. on ὀρθός (after J. Schmidt KZ 33. 456f., Lidén GHÅ 5 [1899] 23f.); Benveniste Origines 19.

Middle Liddell

ὄρθρος, ὁ,
day-break, dawn, cock-crow, Hhymn., Ar.; ὄρθρου at dawn, Hes.; ὄρθρου γενομένου Hdt.; ἅμα ὄρθρῳ Hdt., etc.; also, τὸν ὄρθρον, absol., in the morning, Hdt.; δι' ὄρθρων each morning early, Eur.:— ὄρθρος βαθύς early dawn, just before daybreak, Ar., Plat.

Frisk Etymology German

ὄρθρος: {órthros}
Grammar: m.
Meaning: Zeit vor Tagesanbruch, die Zeit des Hahnenschreis, erste Morgendämmerung, später der beginnende Tag, Morgen (seit h.Merc. 98, Hes. Op. 577; zur Bed. Wackernagel Unt. 193).
Composita : Vereinzelte Kompp., z.B. ὀρθροβόας m. "Dämmerungsrufer", Ben. des Hahns (AP u.a.; vgl. zu ἠϊκανός), τὸ περίορθρον Morgendämmerung (Th., Hdn.).
Derivative: Davon 1. die Adj. ὄρθριος ‘zum ὄ. gehörig, am ὄ. eintreffend’ (seit h. Merc. 143), Ὀρθρία f. N. einer Göttin (Schwenn RhM 86, 298); -ινός ib. (Arat., LXX, AP, vgl. ἑωθινός u.a.), -ίδιος ib. (AP: ἀΐδιος u.a.); Steigerungsformen ὀρθριαίτερος, τατος (Hdn.), Adv. auch ὀρθρίτερον (Pap.) nach πρωΐ-, ὀψίτερον (Schwyzer 534, Radermacher Festschr. Kretschmer 154ff.). 2. Verha: a) ὀρθρεύω, -ομαι in der Morgenfrühe schlaflos sein, wach sein (E., Theok.) mit der Rückbildung Ὄρθρος m. N. eines mythischen Hundes (Hes. Th. 309; Kretschmer Glotta 13, 270), mit ἐπ- auch früh aufsein (D. Chr., Luk. u.a.); b) -ίζω ib. (LXX, Ev. Luk.) mit (ἑπ-)ορθρισμός m. (Aq, Plu.).
Etymology : Schon die Bed. Zeit vor Tagesanbruch, erste Morgendämmerung ist der älteren Anknüpfung an lat. (sol) oriens, ortus m. ‘Aufgang (eines Gestirns)’ nicht ganz günstig; wenn ϝορθαγορίσκος für *ϝορθρ- steht (vgl. s.v.), fällt diese Erklärung endgültig aus. Dann reiht sich ὄρθρος besser an ὀρθός u. Verw., wobei insbes. die slavischen Vertreter, z.B. aksl. ranъ ὄρθριος russ. ráno früh zu bemerken sind. Der anzunehmende Suffixwechsel in ranъ aus *u̯rōdh-no- und ὄρθρος kann dabei auf einen alten Stammwechsel n : r zurückgehen. Somit wäre ὄρθρος eig. "das Heranwachsen (des Tageslichts)" nach dem Mitternachtsdunkel, was unzweifelhaft dem urspr. Gebrauch von ὄρθρος besser gerecht wird. — Lit. s. zu ὀρθός (nach J. Schmidt KZ 33. 456f., Lidén GHÅ 5 [1899] 23f. u. a.); Benveniste Origines 19.
Page 2,416-417

Chinese

原文音譯:Ôrqroj 哦而特羅士
詞類次數:名詞(3)
原文字根:早
字義溯源:黎明,日出,清早,天亮,明,曉;源自(ὄρος)*=山),黎明時太陽從山後上升。參讀 (ὀρθρίζω)同源字
出現次數:總共(3);路(1);約(1);徒(1)
譯字彙編
1) 天亮時(1) 徒5:21;
2) 清早(1) 約8:2;
3) 明(1) 路24:1

English (Woodhouse)

just before daybreak, time just before daybreak

⇢ Look up on Google | Wiktionary | LSJ full text search (Translation based on the reversal of Woodhouse's English to Ancient Greek dictionary)