πονηρία: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

γνοίης ὅσσον ὄνων κρέσσονες ἡμίονοι → you know how much better are donkeys from mules

Source
m (Text replacement - "Ancient Greek: ἀλαλία, ἀνάλκεια" to "Ancient Greek: ἀνάλκεια")
Line 48: Line 48:
{{trml
{{trml
|trtx====[[cowardice]]===
|trtx====[[cowardice]]===
Arabic: جَبَانَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جبانة‎; Armenian: վախկոտություն, երկչոտություն; Azerbaijani: qorxaqlıq; Belarusian: трусасць, палахлі́васць, баязлі́васць, маладушнасць; Bulgarian: страхливост, малодушие; Catalan: covardia; Cebuano: katalawan; Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯/胆怯, 怯懦; Czech: zbabělost; Danish: fejhed; Dutch: [[lafheid]]; Esperanto: malkuraĝeco; Estonian: argus; Finnish: pelkuruus; French: [[lâcheté]], [[couardise]]; Galician: covardía; Georgian: სიმხდალე; German: [[Feigheit]], [[Kleinmut]], [[Ängstlichkeit]]; Greek: [[δειλία]], [[ανανδρία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀλαλία]], [[ἀνάλκεια]], [[ἀναλκείη]], [[ἀνανδρία]], [[ἀποδειλίασις]], [[ἀποκάκησις]], [[ἀτολμία]], [[ἀψυχία]], [[δειλανδρία]], [[δειλία]], [[δειλίη]], [[δειλότης]], [[κακανδρία]], [[κάκη]], [[κακία]], [[κακότης]], [[μικροθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχίη]], [[πονηρία]], [[ῥιψασπία]], [[ταπεινότης]], [[ὑποστολή]]; Guaraní: py'amirĩ; Hebrew: פַּחְדָנוּת‎; Hindi: कायरता, बुज़दिली; Hungarian: gyávaság; Icelandic: gunguskapur, heigulsháttur, ragmennska, bleyði; Ido: poltroneso, deskurajo; Ilocano: takrot; Indonesian: kepengecutan; Interlingua: coardia; Italian: [[codardia]], [[viltà]], [[pusillanimità]], [[vigliaccheria]]; Ivatan: katahaw; Japanese: 憶病, 卑怯; Kazakh: жүрексіздік, қорқақтық; Korean: 비겁(卑怯); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: newêrekî, tirsokî, tirsonekî, bêcesaretî, bêcuretî; Kyrgyz: коркоктук, жүрөксүздүк; Ladino: kagadero, kagatina; Latin: [[ignavia]]; Latvian: gļēvulība; Lithuanian: bailumas; Macedonian: кукавичлук, плашливост; Malayalam: ഭീരുത്വം; Middle English: cowardnesse, cowardie, cowardise; Norwegian Bokmål: feighet; Nynorsk: feigskap; Old English: ierġþ; Old Norse: bleyði, argskapr, hugbleyði, geitarhugr, klaeki, ragmennska, ragskapr, regi; Ottoman Turkish: یوركسزلك‎, طبانسزلق‎; Persian: بزدلی‎; Polish: tchórzostwo, tchórzliwość, bojaźliwość; Portuguese: [[covardia]]; Romanian: poltronerie, lașitate; Russian: [[трусость]], [[трусливость]], [[малодушие]], [[боязливость]], [[бздение]]; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaireachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: кукавѝчлук, стра̀шљиво̄ст, пла̀шљиво̄ст, боја̀жљиво̄ст; Roman: kukavìčluk, stràšljivōst, plàšljivōst, bojàžljivōst; Slovak: zbabelosť; Slovene: boječnost, strahopetnost; Spanish: [[cobardía]]; Swedish: feghet; Tagalog: kaduwagan, karuwagan; Tajik: буздилӣ, тарсончакӣ; Tarifit: tiggʷdi; Tatar: куркаклык; Telugu: పిరికితనము; Thai: ความขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkaklık; Turkmen: gorkaklyk; Ukrainian: боягузтво, малодушність; Urdu: بُزْدِلی‎; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاقلىق‎; Uzbek: qoʻrqoqlik, yuraksizlik; Vietnamese: tính nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöf
Arabic: جَبَانَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جبانة‎; Armenian: վախկոտություն, երկչոտություն; Azerbaijani: qorxaqlıq; Belarusian: трусасць, палахлі́васць, баязлі́васць, маладушнасць; Bulgarian: страхливост, малодушие; Catalan: covardia; Cebuano: katalawan; Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯/胆怯, 怯懦; Czech: zbabělost; Danish: fejhed; Dutch: [[lafheid]]; Esperanto: malkuraĝeco; Estonian: argus; Finnish: pelkuruus; French: [[lâcheté]], [[couardise]]; Galician: covardía; Georgian: სიმხდალე; German: [[Feigheit]], [[Kleinmut]], [[Ängstlichkeit]]; Greek: [[δειλία]], [[ανανδρία]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀνάλκεια]], [[ἀναλκείη]], [[ἀνανδρία]], [[ἀποδειλίασις]], [[ἀποκάκησις]], [[ἀτολμία]], [[ἀψυχία]], [[δειλανδρία]], [[δειλία]], [[δειλίη]], [[δειλότης]], [[κακανδρία]], [[κάκη]], [[κακία]], [[κακότης]], [[μικροθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοθυμία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχία]], [[ὀλιγοψυχίη]], [[πονηρία]], [[ῥιψασπία]], [[ταπεινότης]], [[ὑποστολή]]; Guaraní: py'amirĩ; Hebrew: פַּחְדָנוּת‎; Hindi: कायरता, बुज़दिली; Hungarian: gyávaság; Icelandic: gunguskapur, heigulsháttur, ragmennska, bleyði; Ido: poltroneso, deskurajo; Ilocano: takrot; Indonesian: kepengecutan; Interlingua: coardia; Italian: [[codardia]], [[viltà]], [[pusillanimità]], [[vigliaccheria]]; Ivatan: katahaw; Japanese: 憶病, 卑怯; Kazakh: жүрексіздік, қорқақтық; Korean: 비겁(卑怯); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: newêrekî, tirsokî, tirsonekî, bêcesaretî, bêcuretî; Kyrgyz: коркоктук, жүрөксүздүк; Ladino: kagadero, kagatina; Latin: [[ignavia]]; Latvian: gļēvulība; Lithuanian: bailumas; Macedonian: кукавичлук, плашливост; Malayalam: ഭീരുത്വം; Middle English: cowardnesse, cowardie, cowardise; Norwegian Bokmål: feighet; Nynorsk: feigskap; Old English: ierġþ; Old Norse: bleyði, argskapr, hugbleyði, geitarhugr, klaeki, ragmennska, ragskapr, regi; Ottoman Turkish: یوركسزلك‎, طبانسزلق‎; Persian: بزدلی‎; Polish: tchórzostwo, tchórzliwość, bojaźliwość; Portuguese: [[covardia]]; Romanian: poltronerie, lașitate; Russian: [[трусость]], [[трусливость]], [[малодушие]], [[боязливость]], [[бздение]]; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaireachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: кукавѝчлук, стра̀шљиво̄ст, пла̀шљиво̄ст, боја̀жљиво̄ст; Roman: kukavìčluk, stràšljivōst, plàšljivōst, bojàžljivōst; Slovak: zbabelosť; Slovene: boječnost, strahopetnost; Spanish: [[cobardía]]; Swedish: feghet; Tagalog: kaduwagan, karuwagan; Tajik: буздилӣ, тарсончакӣ; Tarifit: tiggʷdi; Tatar: куркаклык; Telugu: పిరికితనము; Thai: ความขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkaklık; Turkmen: gorkaklyk; Ukrainian: боягузтво, малодушність; Urdu: بُزْدِلی‎; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاقلىق‎; Uzbek: qoʻrqoqlik, yuraksizlik; Vietnamese: tính nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöf
}}
}}

Revision as of 18:05, 16 January 2024

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: πονηρία Medium diacritics: πονηρία Low diacritics: πονηρία Capitals: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ
Transliteration A: ponēría Transliteration B: ponēria Transliteration C: poniria Beta Code: ponhri/a

English (LSJ)

ἡ,
A bad state or bad condition, ὀφθαλμῶν Pl. Hp.Mi.374d; ἡ τοῦ σώματος πονηρία Id.R.609c; πονηρία ψυχῆς ibid.
II in moral sense, wickedness, vice, knavery, ἡ μωρία… ἀδελφὴ τῆς πονηρίας ἔφυ S.Fr.925, cf. Ar.Th.868, Lys.22.16; εἰς τὴν πονηρίαν πάλιν τρέπεται = turns again to vice, X.Cyr.7.5.75: in plural, knavish tricks, rogueries, D.21.19, Arist.Rh.1389a18.
2 baseness, cowardice, E.Cyc.645, Lys.14.9.
3 with a political connotation, mob rule, Th.8.47.

German (Pape)

[Seite 680] ἡ, schlechte od. böse Sinnesart, u. überh. schlechter Zustand, schlechte Beschaffenheit; Soph. frg. 663; Eur. Cycl. 641; Ar. Thesm. 868; ἡ σώματος πονηρία νόσος οὖσα, Plat. Rep. X, 609 c, vgl. Phil. 45 e; πονηρίᾳ καὶ ἀθλιότητι τῆς πόλεως, Rep. IX, 575 c; Gegensatz von ἀρετή, Theaet. 176 b, wie Xen. Cyr. 2, 2, 24; εἰς τὴν πονηρίαν τρέπεσθαι, d. i. schlechter werden, 7, 5, 75; implur., Dem. 21, 19; Folgde.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ας (ἡ) :
méchanceté, perversité ; αἱ πονηρίαι méchancetés ; malhonnêteté;
NT: mal ; malice ; méfait.
Étymologie: πονηρός.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

πονηρία -ας, ἡ [πονηρός] slechte toestand:. ὥσπερ σῶμα ἡ σώματος πονηρία νόσος οὖσα... διόλλυσι zoals de slechte lichaamstoestand, een ziekte, een lichaam vernietigt Plat. Resp. 609c. slechtheid; spec. lafheid; politiek heerschappij van het gepeupel; Thuc. 8.47.2; plur. wandaden, rotstreken. Dem. 21.19.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

πονηρία:
1 плохое состояние, нездоровье (τοῦ σώματος, ὀφθαλμῶν Plat.);
2 испорченность, негодность (τῆς πόλεως Plat.; τῆς πονηρίας τινὸς ἐπικρατῆσαι Lys.): εἰς τὴν πονηρίαν τρέπεσθαι Xen. портиться, ухудшаться;
3 лукавство NT.

English (Strong)

from πονηρός; depravity, i.e. (specially), malice; plural (concretely) plots, sins: iniquity, wickedness.

English (Thayer)

πονηρίας, ἡ (πονηρός) (from Sophocles down), the Sept. for רֹעַ and רָעָה, depravity, iniquity, wickedness (so A. V. almost uniformly)), malice: αἱ πονηρίαι (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 27,3; Buttmann, § 123,2; R. V. wickednesses), evil purposes and desires, A. V. iniquities), κακία, at the end.)

Greek Monolingual

πονηρία, η, ΝΜΑ, και πονήρια και πονηριά Ν πονηρός
1. (με ηθική σημ.) κακία, πανουργία, δολιότητα
2. στον πληθ. πονηρές ενέργειες, κατεργαριά, πονηράδα
νεοελλ.
δυσπιστία, υπόνοια, καχυποψία
αρχ.
1. κακή κατάσταση, καχεξία
2. ποταπότητα
3. δειλία, ανανδρία
4. οχλοκρατία.

Greek Monotonic

πονηρία: ἡ (πονηρός),
I. κακή κατάσταση ή περίσταση, κακία, μοχθηρία, σε Πλάτ.
II. 1. με ηθική σημασία, σαθρότητα, μοχθηρία, πανουργία, σε Δημ.
2. χυδαιότητα, μικροψυχία, σε Ευρ.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

πονηρία: ἡ, (πονηρός) κακὴ κατάστασις, ὀφθαλμῶν Πλάτ. Ἱππ. Ἐλάττ. 374D· ἡ τοῦ σώματος π. ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Πολ. 609C. II. ἐπὶ ἠθικῆς ἐννοίας, κακία, πανουργία, μοχθηρία, Λατ. pravitas, ἡ μωρία… ἀδελφὸς τῆς π. ἔφυ Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 663, πρβλ. Ἀριστοφ. Θεσμ. 868, Λυσίας 165, 37, Πλάτ. Πολ. 609C, κτλ.· εἰς π. τρέπεσθαι Ξεν. Κύρ. 7. 5, 75· ἐν τῷ πληθ., πανοῦργα τεχνάσματα, δόλοι, Δημ. 521. 7, Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 2. 12, 7. 2) ποταπότης, δειλία, Εὐρ. Κύκλ. 645.

Middle Liddell

πονηρία, ἡ, πονηρός
I. a bad state or condition, badness, Plat.
II. in moral sense, wickedness, vice, knavery, Lat. pravitas, Plat., Xen.: in plural knavish tricks, rogueries, Dem.
2. baseness, cowardice, Eur.

Chinese

原文音譯:ponhr⋯a 坡尼里阿
詞類次數:名詞(7)
原文字根:痛苦-湧出 相當於: (רַע‎) (רֹעַ‎)
字義溯源:邪惡,墮落,罪惡,惡意,惡;源自(πονηρός)=有害的,惡毒的), (πονηρός)出自(πόνος)=勞苦), (πόνος)出自(πένης)=貧窮),而 (πένης)又出自(πεντηκοστή)X*=辛勞)。參讀 (ἀγνόημα)同義字
出現次數:總共(7);太(1);可(1);路(1);徒(1);羅(1);林前(1);弗(1)
譯字彙編
1) 邪惡(3) 可7:22; 路11:39; 羅1:29;
2) 惡(1) 弗6:12;
3) 邪惡的(1) 林前5:8;
4) 罪惡(1) 徒3:26;
5) 惡意(1) 太22:18

English (Woodhouse)

baseness, deformity, meanness, unworthiness, wickedness, bodily defect, dishonourableness

⇢ Look up on Google | Wiktionary | LSJ full text search (Translation based on the reversal of Woodhouse's English to Ancient Greek dictionary)

Translations

cowardice

Arabic: جَبَانَة‎; Egyptian Arabic: جبانة‎; Armenian: վախկոտություն, երկչոտություն; Azerbaijani: qorxaqlıq; Belarusian: трусасць, палахлі́васць, баязлі́васць, маладушнасць; Bulgarian: страхливост, малодушие; Catalan: covardia; Cebuano: katalawan; Chinese Mandarin: 膽怯/胆怯, 怯懦; Czech: zbabělost; Danish: fejhed; Dutch: lafheid; Esperanto: malkuraĝeco; Estonian: argus; Finnish: pelkuruus; French: lâcheté, couardise; Galician: covardía; Georgian: სიმხდალე; German: Feigheit, Kleinmut, Ängstlichkeit; Greek: δειλία, ανανδρία; Ancient Greek: ἀνάλκεια, ἀναλκείη, ἀνανδρία, ἀποδειλίασις, ἀποκάκησις, ἀτολμία, ἀψυχία, δειλανδρία, δειλία, δειλίη, δειλότης, κακανδρία, κάκη, κακία, κακότης, μικροθυμία, ὀλιγοθυμία, ὀλιγοψυχία, ὀλιγοψυχίη, πονηρία, ῥιψασπία, ταπεινότης, ὑποστολή; Guaraní: py'amirĩ; Hebrew: פַּחְדָנוּת‎; Hindi: कायरता, बुज़दिली; Hungarian: gyávaság; Icelandic: gunguskapur, heigulsháttur, ragmennska, bleyði; Ido: poltroneso, deskurajo; Ilocano: takrot; Indonesian: kepengecutan; Interlingua: coardia; Italian: codardia, viltà, pusillanimità, vigliaccheria; Ivatan: katahaw; Japanese: 憶病, 卑怯; Kazakh: жүрексіздік, қорқақтық; Korean: 비겁(卑怯); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: newêrekî, tirsokî, tirsonekî, bêcesaretî, bêcuretî; Kyrgyz: коркоктук, жүрөксүздүк; Ladino: kagadero, kagatina; Latin: ignavia; Latvian: gļēvulība; Lithuanian: bailumas; Macedonian: кукавичлук, плашливост; Malayalam: ഭീരുത്വം; Middle English: cowardnesse, cowardie, cowardise; Norwegian Bokmål: feighet; Nynorsk: feigskap; Old English: ierġþ; Old Norse: bleyði, argskapr, hugbleyði, geitarhugr, klaeki, ragmennska, ragskapr, regi; Ottoman Turkish: یوركسزلك‎, طبانسزلق‎; Persian: بزدلی‎; Polish: tchórzostwo, tchórzliwość, bojaźliwość; Portuguese: covardia; Romanian: poltronerie, lașitate; Russian: трусость, трусливость, малодушие, боязливость, бздение; Scottish Gaelic: cladhaireachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: кукавѝчлук, стра̀шљиво̄ст, пла̀шљиво̄ст, боја̀жљиво̄ст; Roman: kukavìčluk, stràšljivōst, plàšljivōst, bojàžljivōst; Slovak: zbabelosť; Slovene: boječnost, strahopetnost; Spanish: cobardía; Swedish: feghet; Tagalog: kaduwagan, karuwagan; Tajik: буздилӣ, тарсончакӣ; Tarifit: tiggʷdi; Tatar: куркаклык; Telugu: పిరికితనము; Thai: ความขี้ขลาด; Turkish: korkaklık; Turkmen: gorkaklyk; Ukrainian: боягузтво, малодушність; Urdu: بُزْدِلی‎; Uyghur: قورقۇنچاقلىق‎; Uzbek: qoʻrqoqlik, yuraksizlik; Vietnamese: tính nhút nhát; Volapük: dredöf