servus: Difference between revisions
ἢ τοὺς πότους ἐρεῖς δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τὰ δεῖπνα καὶ ἐσθῆτα καὶ ἀφροδίσια, καὶ δέδιας μὴ τούτων ἐνδεὴς γενόμενος ἀπόλωμαι. οὐκ ἐννοεῖς δὲ ὅτι τὸ μὴ διψῆν τοῦ πιεῖν πολὺ κάλλιον καὶ τὸ μὴ πεινῆν τοῦ φαγεῖν καὶ τὸ μὴ ῥιγοῦν τοῦ ἀμπεχόνης εὐπορεῖν; → There you'll go, talking of drinking and dining and dressing up and screwing, worrying I'll be lost without all that. Don't you realize how much better it is to have no thirst, than to drink? to have no hunger, than to eat? to not be cold, than to possess a wardrobe of finery? (Lucian, On Mourning 16)
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|lnetxt=servus servi N M :: [[slave]]; [[servant]] | |||
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>servus</b>: (-ŏs), i, m., and [[serva]], ae, f.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[slave]], [[servant]], [[serf]], serving-[[man]]; a [[female]] [[slave]], [[maid]]-[[servant]].<br /> <b>A</b> Masc. (syn.: [[famulus]], [[mancipium]]), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: [[Ulixes]] domi [[etiam]] contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: [[servus]] [[armiger]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: [[dotalis]], id. As. 1, 1, 72: [[frugi]], id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: [[graphicus]] et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: [[nequam]] et [[malus]], id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: [[scelestus]], [[infidelis]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: [[peculiosus]], id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: [[peculiaris]], id. Capt. prol. 20: [[fallax]], Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: [[servus]] a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, [[public]] slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: [[quot]] servi, tot hostes, Sinn. [[Capito]] ap. Fest. s. v. [[quot]], p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae [[servus]], a [[slave]] of [[punishment]], i. e. condemned to [[servile]] [[labor]], Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: vidit [[enim]] eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: [[neque]] tam servi [[illi]] dominorum, [[quam]] tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: [[adulescens]] libertorum suorum [[libertus]] servorumque [[servus]], Vell. 2, 73, 1: [[servus]] potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the [[doubtful]] [[reading]]: legum omnes servi sumus ut [[liberi]] esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 ([[where]] B. and K. [[have]] omnes servimus).—<br /> <b>B</b> Fem. ([[mostly]] anteclass. for [[ancilla]]): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego [[serva]] [[sum]], id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: [[serva]] [[nata]], id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum [[regnum]] occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: [[serva]] [[Briseis]], Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.<br /><b>servus</b>: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to [[servo]]: servi ex eo appellati sunt, [[quod]] imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; [[but]] prob. from [[root]] svar-; Lith. svaras, a [[weight]]; cf. Gr. [[ἕρμα]]; O. H. Germ. swari, [[burdensome]]; Germ. schwer, [[heavy]]; cf. also [[serius]],<br /><b>I</b> [[slavish]], [[servile]], [[subject]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.<br /> <b>A</b> With [[homo]] (= 2. [[servus]]; [[mostly]] | |lshtext=<b>servus</b>: (-ŏs), i, m., and [[serva]], ae, f.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[slave]], [[servant]], [[serf]], serving-[[man]]; a [[female]] [[slave]], [[maid]]-[[servant]].<br /> <b>A</b> Masc. (syn.: [[famulus]], [[mancipium]]), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: [[Ulixes]] domi [[etiam]] contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: [[servus]] [[armiger]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: [[dotalis]], id. As. 1, 1, 72: [[frugi]], id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: [[graphicus]] et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: [[nequam]] et [[malus]], id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: [[scelestus]], [[infidelis]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: [[peculiosus]], id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: [[peculiaris]], id. Capt. prol. 20: [[fallax]], Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: [[servus]] a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, [[public]] slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: [[quot]] servi, tot hostes, Sinn. [[Capito]] ap. Fest. s. v. [[quot]], p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae [[servus]], a [[slave]] of [[punishment]], i. e. condemned to [[servile]] [[labor]], Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: vidit [[enim]] eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: [[neque]] tam servi [[illi]] dominorum, [[quam]] tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: [[adulescens]] libertorum suorum [[libertus]] servorumque [[servus]], Vell. 2, 73, 1: [[servus]] potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the [[doubtful]] [[reading]]: legum omnes servi sumus ut [[liberi]] esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 ([[where]] B. and K. [[have]] omnes servimus).—<br /> <b>B</b> Fem. ([[mostly]] anteclass. for [[ancilla]]): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego [[serva]] [[sum]], id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: [[serva]] [[nata]], id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum [[regnum]] occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: [[serva]] [[Briseis]], Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.<br /><b>servus</b>: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to [[servo]]: servi ex eo appellati sunt, [[quod]] imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; [[but]] prob. from [[root]] svar-; Lith. svaras, a [[weight]]; cf. Gr. [[ἕρμα]]; O. H. Germ. swari, [[burdensome]]; Germ. schwer, [[heavy]]; cf. also [[serius]],<br /><b>I</b> [[slavish]], [[servile]], [[subject]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.<br /> <b>A</b> With [[homo]] (= 2. [[servus]]; [[mostly]] ante-class.): non [[decet]] superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—<br /> <b>B</b> With [[other]] subjects (not freq. [[till]] [[after]] the Aug. per.): [[octo]] milia liberorum servorumque [[capitum]] sunt [[capta]], Liv. 29, 29: corpori, [[quod]] servum [[fortuna]] erat, vim fecit, id. 38, 24: Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae), id. 34, 58: [[civitas]], id. 25, 31: [[Lacedaemon]], id. 34, 41: [[serva]] [[manus]], Ov. F. 6, 558: o imitatores, servum [[pecus]]! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: [[serva]] [[aqua]], i. e. servorum, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71: servam operam, linguam liberam [[herus]] me jussit habere, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9: omnia non [[serva]] et [[maxime]] regna hostilia ducunt (Romani), Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch: reges [[serva]] omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint, Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera [[quicquid]] peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—<br /><b>II</b> Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., [[liable]] to [[certain]] burdens, [[subject]] to a [[servitude]]: libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt [[quam]] [[serva]], Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9: [[fundus]], Dig. 8, 6, 6: [[aedes]], ib. 8, 2, 35: [[area]], ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. [[servio]], II. B., and [[servitus]], II B.—Hence,> | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Gaffiot | {{Gaffiot | ||
|gf=(1) | |gf=(1) [[servus]],¹² a, um, d’esclave, esclave, asservi : [[serva]] capita Liv. 29, 29, 3, = servi, esclaves ; servum [[pecus]] Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, troupeau servile ; servam civitatem habere Liv. 25, 31, 5, tenir une cité asservie || [droit] prædia [[serva]] Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres grevées de servitudes.<br />(2) [[servus]],⁶ ī, m., esclave : Pl., Ter., Cic. etc. || [fig.] cupiditatum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, esclave des passions, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 112 ; Cæl. 79. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Georges | {{Georges | ||
|georg=servus (altlat. [[servos]]), ī, m. u. [[serva]], ae, f. ([[servo]]; eigentl. der [[Hüter]], [[Wächter]] [[des]] Viehes), der [[Sklave]], die [[Sklavin]] (Ggstz. [[liber]], der [[Freie]]), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. [[met]]. 10, 13: feci ex [[servo]] ut esses [[libertus]] [[mihi]], Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: [[servus]] potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris [[vos]] estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. [[Paris]]. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e [[serva]] libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. [[servus]], a, um, [[sklavisch]], übtr., [[dienstbar]], unterworfen, a) im allg.: [[aqua]], [[von]] Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: [[manus]], Ov.: [[civitas]], Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum [[pecus]], Hor.: [[omnia]] [[non]] [[serva]] (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) [[als]] jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden [[Gründen]], [[mit]] [[einer]] [[Servitut]] beschwert, [[praedia]] [[serva]], Cic.: [[aedes]], [[fundus]], ICt. | |georg=servus (altlat. [[servos]]), ī, m. u. [[serva]], ae, f. ([[servo]]; eigentl. der [[Hüter]], [[Wächter]] [[des]] Viehes), der [[Sklave]], die [[Sklavin]] (Ggstz. [[liber]], der [[Freie]]), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. [[met]]. 10, 13: feci ex [[servo]] ut esses [[libertus]] [[mihi]], Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: [[servus]] potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris [[vos]] estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. [[Paris]]. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e [[serva]] libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. [[servus]], a, um, [[sklavisch]], übtr., [[dienstbar]], unterworfen, a) im allg.: [[aqua]], [[von]] Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: [[manus]], Ov.: [[civitas]], Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum [[pecus]], Hor.: [[omnia]] [[non]] [[serva]] (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) [[als]] jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden [[Gründen]], [[mit]] [[einer]] [[Servitut]] beschwert, [[praedia]] [[serva]], Cic.: [[aedes]], [[fundus]], ICt. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{LaZh | ||
| | |lnztxt=servus, a, um. ''adj''. :: 當奴者。厲。服。Serva praedia 通行路之田宅。Servum pectus vitiis (''dat''.) 不禁各罪之心。<br />servus, i. m. :: 僕。小价。奴才。Servi publici 有功名。有差事。Legum omnes servi sumus 我等皆属下於律。 | ||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 07:04, 15 October 2024
Latin > English
servus servi N M :: slave; servant
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
servus: (-ŏs), i, m., and serva, ae, f.,
I a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave, maid-servant.
A Masc. (syn.: famulus, mancipium), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: Ulixes domi etiam contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: servus armiger, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: dotalis, id. As. 1, 1, 72: frugi, id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: graphicus et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: nequam et malus, id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: scelestus, infidelis, id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: peculiosus, id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: peculiaris, id. Capt. prol. 20: fallax, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: servus a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, public slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: quot servi, tot hostes, Sinn. Capito ap. Fest. s. v. quot, p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae servus, a slave of punishment, i. e. condemned to servile labor, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—
2 Trop.: vidit enim eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: neque tam servi illi dominorum, quam tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: adulescens libertorum suorum libertus servorumque servus, Vell. 2, 73, 1: servus potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the doubtful reading: legum omnes servi sumus ut liberi esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 (where B. and K. have omnes servimus).—
B Fem. (mostly anteclass. for ancilla): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego serva sum, id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: serva nata, id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum regnum occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: serva Briseis, Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.
servus: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to servo: servi ex eo appellati sunt, quod imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; but prob. from root svar-; Lith. svaras, a weight; cf. Gr. ἕρμα; O. H. Germ. swari, burdensome; Germ. schwer, heavy; cf. also serius,
I slavish, servile, subject.
I In gen.
A With homo (= 2. servus; mostly ante-class.): non decet superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—
B With other subjects (not freq. till after the Aug. per.): octo milia liberorum servorumque capitum sunt capta, Liv. 29, 29: corpori, quod servum fortuna erat, vim fecit, id. 38, 24: Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae), id. 34, 58: civitas, id. 25, 31: Lacedaemon, id. 34, 41: serva manus, Ov. F. 6, 558: o imitatores, servum pecus! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: serva aqua, i. e. servorum, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71: servam operam, linguam liberam herus me jussit habere, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9: omnia non serva et maxime regna hostilia ducunt (Romani), Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch: reges serva omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint, Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera quicquid peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—
II Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., liable to certain burdens, subject to a servitude: libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt quam serva, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9: fundus, Dig. 8, 6, 6: aedes, ib. 8, 2, 35: area, ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. servio, II. B., and servitus, II B.—Hence,>
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) servus,¹² a, um, d’esclave, esclave, asservi : serva capita Liv. 29, 29, 3, = servi, esclaves ; servum pecus Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, troupeau servile ; servam civitatem habere Liv. 25, 31, 5, tenir une cité asservie || [droit] prædia serva Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres grevées de servitudes.
(2) servus,⁶ ī, m., esclave : Pl., Ter., Cic. etc. || [fig.] cupiditatum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, esclave des passions, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 112 ; Cæl. 79.
Latin > German (Georges)
servus (altlat. servos), ī, m. u. serva, ae, f. (servo; eigentl. der Hüter, Wächter des Viehes), der Sklave, die Sklavin (Ggstz. liber, der Freie), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. met. 10, 13: feci ex servo ut esses libertus mihi, Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: servus potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris vos estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. Paris. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e serva libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. servus, a, um, sklavisch, übtr., dienstbar, unterworfen, a) im allg.: aqua, von Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: manus, Ov.: civitas, Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum pecus, Hor.: omnia non serva (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) als jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden Gründen, mit einer Servitut beschwert, praedia serva, Cic.: aedes, fundus, ICt.
Latin > Chinese
servus, a, um. adj. :: 當奴者。厲。服。Serva praedia 通行路之田宅。Servum pectus vitiis (dat.) 不禁各罪之心。
servus, i. m. :: 僕。小价。奴才。Servi publici 有功名。有差事。Legum omnes servi sumus 我等皆属下於律。
