servus: Difference between revisions
ἀκίνδυνοι δ' ἀρεταὶ οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις τίμιαι → but excellence without danger is honored neither among men nor in hollow ships
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{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=servus servi N M :: [[slave]]; [[servant]] | |||
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>servus</b>: (-ŏs), i, m., and [[serva]], ae, f.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[slave]], [[servant]], [[serf]], serving-[[man]]; a [[female]] [[slave]], [[maid]]-[[servant]].<br /> <b>A</b> Masc. (syn.: [[famulus]], [[mancipium]]), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: [[Ulixes]] domi [[etiam]] contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: [[servus]] [[armiger]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: [[dotalis]], id. As. 1, 1, 72: [[frugi]], id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: [[graphicus]] et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: [[nequam]] et [[malus]], id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: [[scelestus]], [[infidelis]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: [[peculiosus]], id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: [[peculiaris]], id. Capt. prol. 20: [[fallax]], Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: [[servus]] a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, [[public]] slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: [[quot]] servi, tot hostes, Sinn. [[Capito]] ap. Fest. s. v. [[quot]], p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae [[servus]], a [[slave]] of [[punishment]], i. e. condemned to [[servile]] [[labor]], Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: vidit [[enim]] eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: [[neque]] tam servi [[illi]] dominorum, [[quam]] tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: [[adulescens]] libertorum suorum [[libertus]] servorumque [[servus]], Vell. 2, 73, 1: [[servus]] potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the [[doubtful]] [[reading]]: legum omnes servi sumus ut [[liberi]] esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 ([[where]] B. and K. [[have]] omnes servimus).—<br /> <b>B</b> Fem. ([[mostly]] anteclass. for [[ancilla]]): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego [[serva]] [[sum]], id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: [[serva]] [[nata]], id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum [[regnum]] occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: [[serva]] [[Briseis]], Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.<br /><b>servus</b>: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to [[servo]]: servi ex eo appellati sunt, [[quod]] imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; [[but]] prob. from [[root]] svar-; Lith. svaras, a [[weight]]; cf. Gr. [[ἕρμα]]; O. H. Germ. swari, [[burdensome]]; Germ. schwer, [[heavy]]; cf. also [[serius]],<br /><b>I</b> [[slavish]], [[servile]], [[subject]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.<br /> <b>A</b> With [[homo]] (= 2. [[servus]]; [[mostly]] | |lshtext=<b>servus</b>: (-ŏs), i, m., and [[serva]], ae, f.,<br /><b>I</b> a [[slave]], [[servant]], [[serf]], serving-[[man]]; a [[female]] [[slave]], [[maid]]-[[servant]].<br /> <b>A</b> Masc. (syn.: [[famulus]], [[mancipium]]), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); [[Cato]] ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: [[Ulixes]] domi [[etiam]] contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: [[servus]] [[armiger]], Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: [[dotalis]], id. As. 1, 1, 72: [[frugi]], id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: [[graphicus]] et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: [[nequam]] et [[malus]], id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: [[scelestus]], [[infidelis]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: [[peculiosus]], id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: [[peculiaris]], id. Capt. prol. 20: [[fallax]], Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: [[servus]] a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, [[public]] slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: [[quot]] servi, tot hostes, Sinn. [[Capito]] ap. Fest. s. v. [[quot]], p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae [[servus]], a [[slave]] of [[punishment]], i. e. condemned to [[servile]] [[labor]], Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: vidit [[enim]] eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: [[neque]] tam servi [[illi]] dominorum, [[quam]] tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: [[adulescens]] libertorum suorum [[libertus]] servorumque [[servus]], Vell. 2, 73, 1: [[servus]] potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the [[doubtful]] [[reading]]: legum omnes servi sumus ut [[liberi]] esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 ([[where]] B. and K. [[have]] omnes servimus).—<br /> <b>B</b> Fem. ([[mostly]] anteclass. for [[ancilla]]): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego [[serva]] [[sum]], id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: [[serva]] [[nata]], id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum [[regnum]] occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: [[serva]] [[Briseis]], Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.<br /><b>servus</b>: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to [[servo]]: servi ex eo appellati sunt, [[quod]] imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; [[but]] prob. from [[root]] svar-; Lith. svaras, a [[weight]]; cf. Gr. [[ἕρμα]]; O. H. Germ. swari, [[burdensome]]; Germ. schwer, [[heavy]]; cf. also [[serius]],<br /><b>I</b> [[slavish]], [[servile]], [[subject]].<br /><b>I</b> In gen.<br /> <b>A</b> With [[homo]] (= 2. [[servus]]; [[mostly]] ante-class.): non [[decet]] superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—<br /> <b>B</b> With [[other]] subjects (not freq. [[till]] [[after]] the Aug. per.): [[octo]] milia liberorum servorumque [[capitum]] sunt [[capta]], Liv. 29, 29: corpori, [[quod]] servum [[fortuna]] erat, vim fecit, id. 38, 24: Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae), id. 34, 58: [[civitas]], id. 25, 31: [[Lacedaemon]], id. 34, 41: [[serva]] [[manus]], Ov. F. 6, 558: o imitatores, servum [[pecus]]! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: [[serva]] [[aqua]], i. e. servorum, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71: servam operam, linguam liberam [[herus]] me jussit habere, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9: omnia non [[serva]] et [[maxime]] regna hostilia ducunt (Romani), Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch: reges [[serva]] omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint, Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera [[quicquid]] peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—<br /><b>II</b> Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., [[liable]] to [[certain]] burdens, [[subject]] to a [[servitude]]: libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt [[quam]] [[serva]], Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9: [[fundus]], Dig. 8, 6, 6: [[aedes]], ib. 8, 2, 35: [[area]], ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. [[servio]], II. B., and [[servitus]], II B.—Hence,> | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=(1) [[servus]],¹² a, um, d’esclave, esclave, asservi : [[serva]] capita Liv. 29, 29, 3, = servi, esclaves ; servum [[pecus]] Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, troupeau servile ; servam civitatem habere Liv. 25, 31, 5, tenir une cité asservie || [droit] prædia [[serva]] Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres grevées de servitudes.<br />(2) [[servus]],⁶ ī, m., esclave : Pl., Ter., Cic. etc. || [fig.] cupiditatum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, esclave des passions, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 112 ; Cæl. 79. | |||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=servus (altlat. [[servos]]), ī, m. u. [[serva]], ae, f. ([[servo]]; eigentl. der [[Hüter]], [[Wächter]] [[des]] Viehes), der [[Sklave]], die [[Sklavin]] (Ggstz. [[liber]], der [[Freie]]), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. [[met]]. 10, 13: feci ex [[servo]] ut esses [[libertus]] [[mihi]], Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: [[servus]] potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris [[vos]] estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. [[Paris]]. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e [[serva]] libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. [[servus]], a, um, [[sklavisch]], übtr., [[dienstbar]], unterworfen, a) im allg.: [[aqua]], [[von]] Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: [[manus]], Ov.: [[civitas]], Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum [[pecus]], Hor.: [[omnia]] [[non]] [[serva]] (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) [[als]] jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden [[Gründen]], [[mit]] [[einer]] [[Servitut]] beschwert, [[praedia]] [[serva]], Cic.: [[aedes]], [[fundus]], ICt. | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=servus, a, um. ''adj''. :: 當奴者。厲。服。Serva praedia 通行路之田宅。Servum pectus vitiis (''dat''.) 不禁各罪之心。<br />servus, i. m. :: 僕。小价。奴才。Servi publici 有功名。有差事。Legum omnes servi sumus 我等皆属下於律。 | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 07:04, 15 October 2024
Latin > English
servus servi N M :: slave; servant
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
servus: (-ŏs), i, m., and serva, ae, f.,
I a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave, maid-servant.
A Masc. (syn.: famulus, mancipium), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: Ulixes domi etiam contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: servus armiger, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: dotalis, id. As. 1, 1, 72: frugi, id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: graphicus et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: nequam et malus, id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: scelestus, infidelis, id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: peculiosus, id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: peculiaris, id. Capt. prol. 20: fallax, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: servus a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, public slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: quot servi, tot hostes, Sinn. Capito ap. Fest. s. v. quot, p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae servus, a slave of punishment, i. e. condemned to servile labor, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—
2 Trop.: vidit enim eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: neque tam servi illi dominorum, quam tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: adulescens libertorum suorum libertus servorumque servus, Vell. 2, 73, 1: servus potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the doubtful reading: legum omnes servi sumus ut liberi esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 (where B. and K. have omnes servimus).—
B Fem. (mostly anteclass. for ancilla): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego serva sum, id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: serva nata, id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum regnum occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: serva Briseis, Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.
servus: a, um, adj. referred by the ancients to servo: servi ex eo appellati sunt, quod imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; but prob. from root svar-; Lith. svaras, a weight; cf. Gr. ἕρμα; O. H. Germ. swari, burdensome; Germ. schwer, heavy; cf. also serius,
I slavish, servile, subject.
I In gen.
A With homo (= 2. servus; mostly ante-class.): non decet superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—
B With other subjects (not freq. till after the Aug. per.): octo milia liberorum servorumque capitum sunt capta, Liv. 29, 29: corpori, quod servum fortuna erat, vim fecit, id. 38, 24: Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae), id. 34, 58: civitas, id. 25, 31: Lacedaemon, id. 34, 41: serva manus, Ov. F. 6, 558: o imitatores, servum pecus! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: serva aqua, i. e. servorum, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71: servam operam, linguam liberam herus me jussit habere, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9: omnia non serva et maxime regna hostilia ducunt (Romani), Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch: reges serva omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint, Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera quicquid peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—
II Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., liable to certain burdens, subject to a servitude: libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt quam serva, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9: fundus, Dig. 8, 6, 6: aedes, ib. 8, 2, 35: area, ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. servio, II. B., and servitus, II B.—Hence,>
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) servus,¹² a, um, d’esclave, esclave, asservi : serva capita Liv. 29, 29, 3, = servi, esclaves ; servum pecus Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, troupeau servile ; servam civitatem habere Liv. 25, 31, 5, tenir une cité asservie || [droit] prædia serva Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres grevées de servitudes.
(2) servus,⁶ ī, m., esclave : Pl., Ter., Cic. etc. || [fig.] cupiditatum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, esclave des passions, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 112 ; Cæl. 79.
Latin > German (Georges)
servus (altlat. servos), ī, m. u. serva, ae, f. (servo; eigentl. der Hüter, Wächter des Viehes), der Sklave, die Sklavin (Ggstz. liber, der Freie), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. met. 10, 13: feci ex servo ut esses libertus mihi, Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: servus potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris vos estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. Paris. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e serva libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. servus, a, um, sklavisch, übtr., dienstbar, unterworfen, a) im allg.: aqua, von Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: manus, Ov.: civitas, Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum pecus, Hor.: omnia non serva (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) als jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden Gründen, mit einer Servitut beschwert, praedia serva, Cic.: aedes, fundus, ICt.
Latin > Chinese
servus, a, um. adj. :: 當奴者。厲。服。Serva praedia 通行路之田宅。Servum pectus vitiis (dat.) 不禁各罪之心。
servus, i. m. :: 僕。小价。奴才。Servi publici 有功名。有差事。Legum omnes servi sumus 我等皆属下於律。
