ἄμαθος
English (LSJ)
[ᾰμ], ἡ, Ep. form of ἄμμος, sand, Il.5.587, A.R.4.1239, etc.: pl., ἄμαθοι = stretch of sand, sands, dunes by the sea, h.Ap.439; generally, sandy soil, Nic.Th.262. (Dist. by Gramm., e.g. Sch.Il.9.384, from ψάμμος as dust from sea-sand, but prob. wrongly:—ἄμαθος is for ἅμαθος, i.e. σάμαθος, cf. sand; cf. Ηαμαθό̄ι, name of Nereid, Schwyzer122.7, Corinthian vase at Caere).
Spanish (DGE)
(ἄμᾰθος) -ου, ἡ
• Prosodia: [ᾰ-]
• Morfología: [ép. gen. sg. -οιο Il.5.587]
1 arena βαθείη Il.l.c., ἠερίη A.R.4.1239, cf. Hdn.Gr.1.145.
2 plu. playa, h.Ap.439, Euph.67.2
•terreno arenoso Nic.Th.262.
• Etimología: El único paralelo de esta palabra se encuentra en maa. samt ‘arena’ (< *samatho-). Es dud. si es una palabra no ide. o si se relaciona c. ψάμμος, lat. sabulum, etc., partiendo de *bhes- que en grado ø es *bhs- > *ps-, pudiéndose simplificar eventualmente en *s-.
German (Pape)
[Seite 114] ἡ, Sand, Hom. einmal, Iliad. 5, 587 ἀμάθοιο βαθείης, Sand im Binnenlande; den Seesand u. Flußsand nennt er ψάμαθος, Lehrs Aristarch. 128; der Unterschied wird aber nicht ursprünglich sein; denn ἄμαθος ist nur eine Nebenform von ψάμαθος, wie γαῖα u. αἶα; nach Hom. wird der Unterschied wieder verwischt; eine Nereide heißt Iliad. 18, 48 Ἀμάθεια, in dem nach Aristarch unächten Nereidencatalog, s. Scholl. Aristonic. u. Didym.; auch Hymn. Apoll. 439 ἀμάθοισιν der Seestrand; vgl. Apoll. Rh. 4, 1239. 1464.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ου (ἡ) :
sable de plaine, sol sablonneux.
Étymologie: cf. ψάμαθος.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἄμᾰθος: (ᾰμ) ἡ песок, песчаная почва Hom.: ἀμάθοισιν ἐχρίμψατο νηῦς HH корабль врезался в песчаный берег.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἄμᾰθος: [ᾰμ], ἡ, Ἐπ. τύπος τοῦ ἄμμος, ἡ ἄμμος τῆς πεδιάδος, ἀμμῶδες ἔδαφος, χῶμα, κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὴν ἄμμον τῆς θαλάσσης (ψάμμος, ψάμαθος), Ἰλ. Ε. 587· ἴδε Σχόλ. εἰς Ἰλ. Ι. 384, 593, Lehrs Ἀρίσταρχ. σ. 128: - κατὰ πληθ. αἱ παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν ἀμμώδεις ἀνωμαλίαι τοῦ ἐδάφους, ἀμμώδη ὑψώματα, Ὕμ. Ὁμ. εἰς Ἀπόλλ. 439.
English (Autenrieth)
Greek Monolingual
(I)
-η, -ο
1. αυτός που δεν έμαθε, δεν διδάχθηκε κάτι, αδίδαχτος, αμόρφωτος,
2. αγράμματος, απαίδευτος
3. αγροίκος, ανόητος, αγενής
4. αυτός που δεν είναι εξοικειωμένος, συνηθισμένος σε κάτι, άπειρος, αδαής.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < α- στερητ. + θ. μαθ- του ρ. μανθάνω, μαθαίνω].
(II)
ἄμαθος, η (Α) (επικός τύπος αντί του ἄμμος)
1. η άμμος και κυρίως η άμμος της πεδιάδας, αμμώδες έδαφος (σε αντίθεση με την άμμο της θάλασσας, την ψάμαθο)
2. στον πληθ. αἱ ἄμαθοι
σωροί άμμου κοντά σε θάλασσα, αμμώδη υψώματα, θίνες.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Λέξη ετυμολογικά συγγενής με τον μσν. άνω γερμαν. τ. sampt «άμμος» (πρβλ. και γερμαν. Sand «άμμος» < sampt με ανομοίωση). Ο συσχετισμός αυτός που προϋποθέτει ανομοίωση της δασύτητας στη λ. hαμαθος, δεν επιτρέπει να αναχθούμε σ’ έναν κοινό αρχικό ΙΕ τύπο. Βεβαία θεωρείται αντιθέτως η αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ τών παραγώγων δύο διαφορετικής προελεύσεως οικογενειών λέξεων, τών λ. ἄμαθος και ψάμμος «άμμος». Σημειώνεται ότι αναλογικά προς τη λ. ἄμαθος σχηματίστηκε η λ. ψάμαθος «άμμος», ενώ η λ. ἄμμος είναι αναλογικός σχηματισμός κατά το ψάμμος.
ΠΑΡ. αρχ. ἀμαθῑτις, ἀμαθόεις, ἀμαθύνω, ἀμαθώδης.
Greek Monotonic
ἄμᾰθος: [ᾰμ], ἡ, αμμώδες έδαφος (της πεδιάδας), αντίθ. προς τη θαλασσινή άμμο (ψάμαθος), σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· στον πληθ., οι ανωμαλίες του εδάφους κοντά στη θάλασσα ή τα αμμώδη υψώματα, σε Ομηρ. Ύμν.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: sand (Il.).
Derivatives: Geogr. name Ήμαθίη (Ιλ.). Place-name Ἀμαθοῦς on Cyprus from *-οϜεντ-; cf. ἠμαθόεις (Od.).
Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.
Etymology: It is mostly assumed that ψάμαθος was created on ἄμαθος after ψάμμος and that ἄμμος is secondarily created on ψάμμος. Beekes 2000 [125 Jahre IDG Graz], 26 finds these assumptions far from easy. It also depends on the etymology of ψάμμος. - ἄμαθος is connected with MHG. sampt and a PIE. *samǝdho- reconstructed. DELG warns that the connection does not guarantee IE origin. For origin in a European substratum Kuiper, NOWELE 25 (1995) 67, because of the vocalism (a < h₂(e)?) and the consonantism. On possible Albanian connections Cabej Studi Pisani 1, 174f.
Middle Liddell
[cf. ἄμμος.]
sandy soil, opp. to sea-sand (ψάμαθος), Il.; in pl. the links or dunes by the sea, Hhymn.
Frisk Etymology German
ἄμαθος: {ámathos}
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Sand (ep.).
Derivative: Davon ἀμαθῖτις f. im Sande lebend (κόγχος, Epich.), auch ON (J., s. Redard Les noms grecs en -της 164); ἀμαθώδης sandig (Str.), Ἀμαθους kypr. ON. Denominatives Verb ἀμαθύνω ‘zu Staub machen, (als Sand) zerstreuen’ (ep. poet.).
Etymology: Wahrscheinlich mit Hauchdissimilation zu mhd. sampt aus idg. *samədho-; daneben mit urgerm. Assimilation md > nd nhd. sand usw. Gewöhnlicher als ἄμαθος ist ψάμαθος, das wie ψάμμος zu ψῆν usw. gehört; daneben das jüngere ἄμμος. Zwei ursprünglich verschiedene Wörter sind wahrscheinlich wechselseitig miteinander kontaminiert worden, s. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 119f.
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Translations
sand
Abkhaz: аҧслымӡ; Adyghe: пшахъо; Afrikaans: sand; Ahom: 𑜏𑜩, 𑜏𑜩𑜤; Ainu: オタ; Albanian: rërë; Amharic: አሸዋ; Arabic: رَمْل; Egyptian Arabic: رمل; Gulf Arabic: رمل, تراب; Hijazi Arabic: رَمِل; Aragonese: arena; Aramaic Hebrew: חלא; Syriac: ܚܠܐ; Armenian: ավազ; Aromanian: arinã; Assamese: বালি; Asturian: sable, arena, areña; Atong: han•cheng, hanʼcheng; Aymara: aqu; Azerbaijani: qum; Bahnar: chuơh; Bashkir: ҡом; Basque: harea, hondar; Belarusian: пясок; Bengali: বালু; Bikol Central: basud; Breton: traezh; Brunei Malay: pasir; Bulgarian: пясък; Burmese: သဲ; Buryat: элһэн; Catalan: sorra, arena; Cebuano: balas; Cham Eastern Cham: ꨌꨶꩍ; Western Chamicuro: mas̈hkojpe; Chechen: гӏум; Cherokee: ᏃᏯ; Chewong: pasir; Chichewa: mchenga; Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma: mitsanga; Chinese Cantonese: 沙, 沙子; Dungan: сазы; Mandarin: 沙, 沙子; Min Nan: 沙; Wu: 沙; Choctaw: shinuk; Chuvash: хӑйӑр; Cornish: tewes, treth; Crimean Tatar: qum; Czech: písek; Dalmatian: sablaun; Danish: sand; Dolgan: кумак; Drung: cvwaq; Dutch: zand, zavel; Eastern Bontoc: lakian; Elfdalian: sand; Erzya: човар; Esperanto: sablo; Estonian: liiv; Etruscan: 𐌚𐌀𐌑𐌄𐌍𐌀 class inanimate; Evenki: иңа, сируги; Extremaduran: arena; Faroese: sandur; Fijian: nuku; Finnish: hiekka; French: sable; Friulian: savalon, rene; Gagauz: kum; Galician: xabre, area; Garo: han·cheng, an·cheng; Georgian: ქვიშა, სილა; German: Sand; Old High German: sand; Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌼𐌰; Greek: άμμος; Ancient Greek: ψάμμος, ἄμμος, ἄμαθος, ψάμαθος; Greenlandic: sioqqat, sioraaqqat; Gujarati: રેતી; Haitian Creole: sab; Halkomelem: syíts'em; Hawaiian: one; Hebrew: חוֹל; Higaonon: balas; Hiligaynon: balas; Hindi: रेत, बालू; Hopi: tuuwa; Hungarian: homok; Icelandic: sandur; Ilocano: darat; Indonesian: pasir; Ingush: гӏум; Inuktitut: ᓯᐅᕋᖅ; Irish: gaineamh; Italian: sabbia, rena; Japanese: 砂; Javanese: ꦮꦼꦝꦶ; Kabardian: пшахъуэ; Kabuverdianu: areia; Kalmyk: элсн; Kannada: ಮರಳು; Kapampangan: balas; Karachay-Balkar: къум, юзмез; Karakalpak: qum; Karelian: liede, čuuru; Kashubian: piôsk; Kazakh: құм; Khakas: хум; Khmer: ខ្សាច់, ដីខ្សាច់; Khün: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Korean: 모래; Kumyk: хум; Kuna: ukub; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خۆڵ; Northern Kurdish: xîz, qûm; Kyrgyz: кум; Ladin: sablon; Lao: ດິນຊາຍ, ຊາຍ; Latgalian: smiļkts; Latin: arena, harena, ramentum; Latvian: smiltis; Ligurian: ænn-a; Limburgish: zandj; Lingala: zɛ́lɔ; Lithuanian: smėlis; Livonian: jõugõ; Lolopo: sa; Low German: Sand; Lubuagan Kalinga: legen; Luxembourgish: Sand; Lü: ᦌᦻ; Macedonian: песок; Maguindanao: petad; Malagasy: fasika; Malay: pasir, ramal; Malayalam: മണൽ; Maltese: ramel; Manchu: ᠶᠣᠩᡤᠠᠨ; Manx: geinnagh; Maori: one; Mapudungun: kuyem; Maranao: peted; Marathi: वाळू; Mari Eastern Mari: ошма; Western Marshallese: bok; Mazanderani: وازیک; Moksha: шувар; Mon: ဗ္တဳ; Mongolian Cyrillic: элс; Mongolian: ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ; Mwani: nsanga; Nahuatl: xalli; Nanai: сиян; Navajo: séí; Nepali: बालुवा; Newar: फि; Ngarrindjeri: tune; Nogai: кум; Nong Zhuang: saiz; Norman: sablion, sablloun, sabllaon, sabyõ; North Frisian: sun; Northern Northern Sami: sáttu; Northern Thai: ᨪᩣ᩠ᨿ; Norwegian Bokmål: sand; Nynorsk: sand; Occitan: sabla, arena; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: пѣсъкъ; Old East Slavic: пѣсъкъ; Old English: sand; Old Javanese: hĕni; Old Norse: sandr; Old Portuguese: arẽa; Oriya: ବାଲୁକା; Oromo: cir'achaa; Ossetian: змис; Ottoman Turkish: قوم; Pacoh: choah, pal, xoang, xông; Pashto: شګه, رېګ; Persian: شن, ماسه, ریگ; Pitjantjatjara: tali, paki; Plautdietsch: Saunt; Polabian: ṕosăk; Polish: piasek; Portuguese: areia; Punjabi: ਰੇਤ; Quechua: aqu; Rohingya: balu, 𐴁𐴝𐴓𐴟; Romagnol: sàbia, sabiôn; Romani: kishaj; Romanian: nisip, arină; Romansch: sablun, sablùn, sablung; Russian: песок; S'gaw Karen: မဲး; Saanich: PЌEĆEN; Saho: cinde, tsiixil, xootsa; Samoan: oneone; Samogitian: smėltės; Sanskrit: सिकता, वालुका, शीतला, वालक, रेणु; Sardinian: arena; Saterland Frisian: Sound; Scottish Gaelic: gainmheach; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: песак, пијесак; Roman: pésak, pijésak; Shan: သၢႆး; Shona: jecha; Shor: қум, қумақ; Sichuan Sicilian: rina; Sinhalese: වැලි; Slovak: piesok; Slovene: pesek; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: pěsk; Upper Sorbian: pěsk; Southern Altai: кумак, кум; Southern Kalinga: kallis; Southern Spanish: arena; Sranan Tongo: santi; Sumerian: 𒅖; Sundanese: keusik; Swahili: mchanga; Swedish: sand; Tagabawa: baklayan; Tagalog: buhangin; Tahitian: one; Tai Tai Nüa: ᥔᥣᥭᥰ; Tajik: рег; Tamil: மணல்; Tatar: ком; Tausug: buhangin; Telugu: ఇసుక; Ternate: dowongi; Thai: ทราย; Tibetan: བྱེ་མ; Tigrinya: ሑጻ; Tongan: one'one; Turkish: kum; Turkmen: gum, çäge; Tuvan: элезин, кум; Tuwali Ifugao: dalat; Udi: къум; Udmurt: луо; Ukrainian: пісок; Unami: lekaw; Urdu: ریت; Uyghur: قۇم; Uzbek: qum; Venetian: sabia; Vietnamese: cát; Vilamovian: zaond; Walloon: såvlon, såbe; Welsh: tywod; West Frisian: sân; White Hmong: suab puam; Wolof: suuf; Yakan: umus; Yakut: кумах; Yiddish: זאַמד; Yonaguni: 砂; Yoron: 砂; Yámana: asola; Zazaki: qum, sên; Zealandic: zand; Zhuang: sa, saiz; Zulu: isihlabathi
