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antecedo

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Οὐ γὰρ ἀργίας ὤνιονὑγίεια καὶ ἀπραξίας, ἅ γε δὴ μέγιστα κακῶν ταῖς νόσοις πρόσεστι, καὶ οὐδὲν διαφέρει τοῦ τὰ ὄμματα τῷ μὴ διαβλέπειν καὶ τὴν φωνὴν τῷ μὴ φθέγγεσθαι φυλάττοντος ὁ τὴν ὑγίειαν ἀχρηστίᾳ καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ σῴζειν οἰόμενος → For health is not to be purchased by idleness and inactivity, which are the greatest evils attendant on sickness, and the man who thinks to conserve his health by uselessness and ease does not differ from him who guards his eyes by not seeing, and his voice by not speaking

Plutarch, Advice about Keeping Well, section 24

Latin > English

antecedo antecedere, antecessi, antecessus V :: precede, go before/ahead/in front of, attain before; excel, surpass, outstrip

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

antĕ-cēdo: cessi, cessum, 3, v. n.,
I to go before, precede (in space), to take the lead, get the start; with dat., acc., or absol.
I Lit.
   a With dat.: ubi ambitionem virtuti videas antecedere, Titin. ap. Non. 499, 8: si huic rei illa antecedit, huic non antecedit, Cic. Top. 23.—
   b With acc.: Pompeius expeditus antecesserat legiones, Cic. Att. 8, 9: biduo me Antonius antecessit, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13; Curt. 4, 7, 15: antecedite me, Vulg. Gen. 32, 16; ib. 1 Reg. 9, 27; ib. Matt. 2, 9, and so Vulg. always.—
   c Absol.: magnis itineribus antecessit, Caes. B. G. 7, 35; Liv. 2, 6; Vell. 1, 4, 1: antecedente famā, Liv. 5, 37, 6: antecedens scelestus, * Hor. C. 3, 2, 31.—
II Fig.
   A To precede, in time: haec (dies) ei antecessit, * Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 40: exercitatio semper antecedere cibum debet, Cels. 1, 2.—
   B To have the precedence of any one, to excel, surpass; with dat. and acc. (cf. Rudd. II. p. 136).
   a With dat.: virtute regi antecesseris, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 118: quantum natura hominis pecudibus antecedit, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105; so id. Brut. 21, 82.—
   b With acc. of person or thing and abl. or abl. with in: scientiā atque usu nauticarum rerum ceteros antecedunt, Caes. B. G. 3, 8: nemo eum in amicitiā antecessit, Nep. Alcib. 9, 3: maltha duritiam lapidis antecedens, Plin. 36, 24, 58, § 18.—
   c Absol., to distinguish one's self, to become eminent: ut quisque honore et aetate antecedebat, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64; so id. Inv. 2, 22.—Hence,
   1    antĕcēdens, entis, P. a.
   a In gen.: hora, Cic. ad Octav. 3: annus, Plin. 13, 8, 16, § 59; so Suet. Tib. 5.—
   b T. t. of philosophy, the antecedent (opp. consequens): causa, Cic. Fat. 11, 33; 15, 34.—In plur. as subst.: an-tĕcēdentĭa, ōrum, n.: locus ex antecedentibus, Cic. Top. 12; so id. Part. Or. 2; Quint. 5, 10, 45; 6, 3, 66.—
   2    antĕces-sus, a, um, P. a., that goes before; only in the connection, in antecessum dare, solvere, accipere, etc.; t. t., to give, pay, receive, etc., beforehand, in advance (postAug.): in antecessum dabo, Sen. Ep. 118: accipere, id. ib. 7: reponere, id. Ben. 4, 32: praedam dividere, Flor. 4, 12, 24 al.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

antĕcēdō,⁹ cessī, cessum, ĕre, intr. et tr.,
1 a) intr., marcher devant, précéder : lictores antecedebant Cic. Phil. 2, 58, les licteurs marchaient devant ; ipse cum equitatu antecedit ad castra exploranda Cæs. C. 2, 24, 2, lui-même part en avant avec la cavalerie pour observer le camp ; b) tr., (Pompeius) expeditus antecesserat legiones Cic. Att. 8, 9, 4, (Pompée) était parti sans bagages avant les légions ; agmen Cæs. G. 4, 11, 2, précéder le gros de la colonne (former l’avant-garde) ; duæ Punicæ naves antecedebant Romanam classem Liv. 36, 44, 5, deux navires carthaginois précédaient la flotte romaine
2 tr., devancer (arriver avant), gagner de vitesse : neque consequi potuit, quod multum expedito itinere antecesserat Cæsar Cæs. C. 3, 75, 3, et il [Pompée] ne put l’atteindre, parce que, grâce à une marche sans bagages, César l’avait beaucoup devancé, cf. 3, 79, 7 || nuntios famamque Cæs. C. 3, 80, 7, devancer les messagers et la renommée, cf. 2, 6, 1
3 [fig.] a) tr., devancer, l’emporter sur, avoir le pas sur : scientia atque usu nauticarum rerum reliquos antecedunt Cæs. G. 3, 8, 1, ils l’emportent sur les autres par la science et la pratique des choses navales, cf. C. 3, 82, 4 ; Nep. Eum. 1, 2, 2, etc.; Sen. Ep. 15, 10, etc.; in aliqua re Nep. Alc. 9, 3 ; Epam. 2, 2, l’emporter en qqch. b) intr., alicui (aliqua re), avoir le pas sur qqn (en qq. chose) : Pl. Ps. 532 ; Cic. Nat. 3, frg. 4 ; Off. 1, 105 ; Ac. 1, 3 ; ætate paulum his antecedens Cic. Br. 82, les dépassant un peu par l’âge || abst] : incipit is loqui, qui et auctoritate et ætate et usu rerum antecedebat Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 138, alors commence à parler celui à qui tout à la fois l’autorité, l’âge, l’expérience donnaient la primauté, cf. Br. 109 ; CM 64, etc. ; Cæs. G. 6, 12, 3 ; 6, 27, 1 ; C. 3, 108, 4.

{{Georges |georg=ante-cēdo, cessī, cessum, ere, vor-, vorangehen, I) im allg.: A) eig., im Raume: agmen, Caes.: gregem, Col.: signa modico volatu, vor den F. herfliegen (v. Raben), Curt.: absol., praefecti, qui cum omni equitatu antecesserant, Caes.: stellae tum antecedunt, tum subsequuntur, Cic.: aliquando umbra antecedit, aliquando a tergo est, Sen.: tum antecedendo, tum retardando, Cic. – B) übtr., in der Zeit: haec (dies) ei (diei) antecessit, Ter.: ant. alci aetate paulum, Cic., u. bl. aetate, Cic., alqm aetate, Iustin.: exercitatio semper antecedere cibum debet, Cels.: nisi fortunam voluntas antecessit, Sen. – si hanc rem illa sequitur, hanc autem non sequitur; aut si huic rei illa antecedit, huic non antecedit, früher stattfindet, Cic. – II) insbes., jmdm. den Vorsprung abgewinnen, vorauseilen, jmd. überholen, A) eig.: legiones, Cic.: biduo alqm, Brutus in Cic. ep.: nuntios oppugnati oppidi famamque, Caes.: absol., magnis itineribus, Caes.: uno calculo, um einen Stein (im Brettspiel) voraus sein, Sen. – B) übtr., jmdm. od. einer Sache den Vorrang abgewinnen, [[vor jmd. od. etw. vorgehen, den Vorrang-, den Vorzug haben, jmd. od. etw. übertreffen, α) m. Dat. virtute regi Agathocli, Plaut.: ubi ambitionem virtuti videas antecedere, Titin. fr.: cum id studium totaque ea ars longe ceteris et studiis et artibus antecedat, Cic.: quantum natura hominis pecudibus reliquisque beluis antecedat, Cic. – β) m. Acc.: alqm scientiā atque usu nauticarum rerum, Caes.: alqm gratiā forensi longe, Sen.: multo ceteros rerum gestarum gloriā, Nep.: hoc est, quo deum antecedatis, Sen.: fidem magnitudine rerum, unglaublich große Taten verrichten, Curt.: alqm in amicitia, Nep.: in doctrina tanto condiscipulos, ut etc., Nep.: ex tempore coactus dicere infinito se antecedebat, Sen. exc. contr. 3. praef. § 6: im Passiv, beneficiis praeëuntibus antecedi, Auson. grat. act. 1, 5. p. 20, 22 Schenkl. – γ) absol. = hervorragen, sich auszeichnen, et auctoritate et aetate et usu rerum, Cic.: honore, Cic.: pretio, kostbarer sein, Plin. }}