protervus
Τί ὕπνος; Καμάτων ἀνάπαυσις, ἰατρῶν κατόρθωμα, δεδεμένων λύσις, ἀγρυπνούντων σοφία, νοσούντων εὐχή, θανάτου εἰκών, ταλαιπωρούντων ἐπιθυμία, πάσης πνοῆς ἡσυχία, πλουσίων ἐπιτήδευμα, πενήτων ἀδολεσχία, καθημερινὴ μελέτη. → What is sleep? Rest from toil, the success of physicians, the release of those who are bound, the wisdom of the wakeful, what sick men pray for, an image of death, the desire of those who toil in hardship, the rest of all the spirit, a principal occupation of the rich, the idle chatter of poor men, a daily object of concern.
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
prŏtervus: a, um, adj. protero; qs. trampling on every thing; hence,
I violent, vehement.
I Lit. (poet.): venti, Hor. C. 1, 26, 2: Africus, id. Epod. 16, 22: Eurus, Ov. H. 11, 14: stella canis, scorching, oppressive, id. Am. 2, 16, 4.—
II Trop., forward, bold, pert, wanton, shameless, impudent (class.; generally milder than procax and petulans; v. protervitas): petulans protervo animo sum, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1: homo, Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; 1, 18, 61: dictum aut factum, id. ib. 2, 14, 47: vidua, id. Cael. 16, 38: Satyri, turba proterva, Ov. H. 5, 136: juvenes, Hor. C. 1, 25, 2: rixae, id. ib. 3, 14, 26: frons, id. ib. 2, 5, 15: oculi, Ov. H. 17, 77: manus, id. M. 5, 671: Musa, id. R. Am. 362: lingua, id. Ib. 520: sal protervum, ribald wit, Mart. 10, 9, 2.—Comp.: meretrix protervior, Just. 30, 2, 2.—Hence, adv., in two forms, proterve and proterviter.
A prŏtervē.
1 In a bad sense, boldly, wantonly, shamelessly, impudently (class.): aedes arietare, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 1: proterve iracundus, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 53 (immoderate, superbe, Don.): consectans aliquem proterve, Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68.—Comp., Ov. A. A. 1, 599.—Sup., Aug. Civ. Dei, 5, 22.—
2 In a good sense, boldly, with spirit: confidenter pro se et proterve loqui, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 207.—
B prŏtervĭter, boldly, wantonly, shamelessly, impudently, Enn. ap. Non. 513, 11 (Com. v. 8 Vahl.).
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
prŏtervus,¹¹ a, um,
1 [poét.] violent, véhément : venti protervi Hor. O. 1, 26, 2, vents impétueux ; proterva stella canis Ov. Am. 2, 16, 4, astre brûlant de la canicule
2 audacieux, sans mesure, impudent, effronté, libertin, lascif [pers. et choses] : Cic. Fin. 5, 35 ; Cæl. 38 ; Fin. 2, 47
