γέννα: Difference between revisions
Ἀναξαγόρας δύο ἔλεγε διδασκαλίας εἶναι θανάτου, τόν τε πρὸ τοῦ γενέσθαι χρόνον καὶ τὸν ὕπνον → Anaxagoras used to say that we have two teachers for death: the time before we were born and sleep | Anaxagoras said that there are two rehearsals for death: the time before being born and sleep
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[descent]], [[birth]] (Pi.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γεννάδας</b> m. <b class="b2">noble (of birth)</b> (Ar.; parodistic-ironic formation, Björck Alpha impurum 51ff.), Att. <b class="b3">γεννήτης</b> <b class="b2">member of the γ.</b> (Is.); <b class="b3">γεννικός</b> [[noble]] (Com., Pl.); <b class="b3">γεννήεις</b> [[begetting]] to <b class="b3">γεννάω</b>, s. below - Old is <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> <b class="b2">of good origin</b> (Il.) with <b class="b3">γενναιότης</b> (E.). - Beside <b class="b3">γέννα</b>, <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> there is <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> [[beget]], [[generate]] (Pi.) with <b class="b3">γέννημα</b> (S.; <b class="b3">γένημα</b> after <b class="b3">γένος</b>) etc., <b class="b3">γέννησις</b>, <b class="b3">γεννητής</b> [[begetter]] (S.); <b class="b3">γεννήτωρ</b> (A.) and <b class="b3">γεννητήρ</b> (App.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, <b class="b3">γεννήτειρα</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">γεννήτρια</b> (Phryn.). - From <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> also <b class="b3">γεννητικός</b> (Arist.) and <b class="b3">γεννήεις</b> (Emp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b> [[beget]]<br />Etymology: Either <b class="b3">γέννα</b> was derived from <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> (Wackernagel KZ 30, 300 and 314) or the verb from the noun (DELG). Thus <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> seems an old derivation from <b class="b3">γέννα</b>. It has been suggested that <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> stands for <b class="b3">*γενε̯αῖος</b> (Schwyzer Glotta 5, 195f. (cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 114f. m. A. 1). Or <b class="b3">γέννα</b> has expressive gemination, which was introduced in <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> and <b class="b3">γέννα</b> (Meillet BSL 26, 15f., Chantr. Form. 46). <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> has been explained as a <b class="b3">να-</b>verb (<b class="b3">δάμνημι</b>, <b class="b3">δαμνάω</b>), with the stem <b class="b3">γεν-</b>introduced from <b class="b3">γένος</b> - The noun in short <b class="b3">-α</b> supposes <b class="b2">-i̯a</b> < <b class="b2">*-ih₂</b>; perhaps the development to <b class="b3">-νν-</b> is irregular (the -n- being analogically retained). - See further [[γίγνομαι]]. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[descent]], [[birth]] (Pi.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">γεννάδας</b> m. <b class="b2">noble (of birth)</b> (Ar.; parodistic-ironic formation, Björck Alpha impurum 51ff.), Att. <b class="b3">γεννήτης</b> <b class="b2">member of the γ.</b> (Is.); <b class="b3">γεννικός</b> [[noble]] (Com., Pl.); <b class="b3">γεννήεις</b> [[begetting]] to <b class="b3">γεννάω</b>, s. below - Old is <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> <b class="b2">of good origin</b> (Il.) with <b class="b3">γενναιότης</b> (E.). - Beside <b class="b3">γέννα</b>, <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> there is <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> [[beget]], [[generate]] (Pi.) with <b class="b3">γέννημα</b> (S.; <b class="b3">γένημα</b> after <b class="b3">γένος</b>) etc., <b class="b3">γέννησις</b>, <b class="b3">γεννητής</b> [[begetter]] (S.); <b class="b3">γεννήτωρ</b> (A.) and <b class="b3">γεννητήρ</b> (App.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, <b class="b3">γεννήτειρα</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">γεννήτρια</b> (Phryn.). - From <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> also <b class="b3">γεννητικός</b> (Arist.) and <b class="b3">γεννήεις</b> (Emp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] <b class="b2">*ǵenh₁-</b> [[beget]]<br />Etymology: Either <b class="b3">γέννα</b> was derived from <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> (Wackernagel KZ 30, 300 and 314) or the verb from the noun (DELG). Thus <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> seems an old derivation from <b class="b3">γέννα</b>. It has been suggested that <b class="b3">γενναῖος</b> stands for <b class="b3">*γενε̯αῖος</b> (Schwyzer Glotta 5, 195f. (cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 114f. m. A. 1). Or <b class="b3">γέννα</b> has expressive gemination, which was introduced in <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> and <b class="b3">γέννα</b> (Meillet BSL 26, 15f., Chantr. Form. 46). <b class="b3">γεννάω</b> has been explained as a <b class="b3">να-</b>verb (<b class="b3">δάμνημι</b>, <b class="b3">δαμνάω</b>), with the stem <b class="b3">γεν-</b>introduced from <b class="b3">γένος</b> - The noun in short <b class="b3">-α</b> supposes <b class="b2">-i̯a</b> < <b class="b2">*-ih₂</b>; perhaps the development to <b class="b3">-νν-</b> is irregular (the -n- being analogically retained). - See further [[γίγνομαι]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=<br /><b class="num">I.</b> [[descent]], [[birth]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[offspring]], Aesch.: a [[generation]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> a [[race]], [[family]], Aesch., Eur. | |||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 20:40, 9 January 2019
English (LSJ)
Emp.17.27, 22.9, A.Pr.853 (but γέννᾱ in lyr. passages of E., as Hec.159), ης, ἡ:—poet. for γένος,
A descent, birth, origin, γέννᾳ μεγαλυνομένων A.Pr.892, cf. Ag.760 (lyr.). 2 origin, [τοῦ ὄντος] Parm. 8.6; διέχειν γέννῃ τε κρήσει τε Emp.22.7; γῆ γ. πάντων Secund. Sent.15; production, πύου Aret.SD1.14; ὑγρῶν ib.15. II offspring, son, Pi.O.7.23; θνᾴσκοντα γέννας ἄτερ A. Th.748; λαγίνα γ. Id.Ag.119; generation, πέμπτη δ' ἀπ' αὐτοῦ γέννα Id.Pr.853, cf. 774. 2 race, family, οὐρανία γ. ib. 165; ἀρσένων γ. E.Med.428 (lyr.): rare in Prose, ἡ τοῦ πέρατος γ. Pl.Phlb.25d, cf. Is.Fr. 136. 3 creation, creature, PMag.Leid.V.7.14. 4 personified, Creative Force, ib. W.5.3. III of the Moon, coming forth, Ach.Tat.Intr.Arat.21, Sch.Arat.735, Paul.Al.G.4.
German (Pape)
[Seite 482] ἡ, poet. = γένος, Geschlecht, Stamm, Geburt, Sproß, Pind. Ol. 7, 23 P. 4, 100; Tragg. öfter; nach Poll. 3, 6 auch Isaeus.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
γέννᾰ: Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1477, ἀλλὰ γέννᾱ ἐν χορικοῖς τοῦ Εὐρ., Δινδ. Ἑκ. 159, ας, ἡ·- ποιητ. ἀντὶ τοῦ γένος, καταγωγή, γέννησις, γέννᾳ μεγαλυνομένων Αἰσχύλ. Πρ. 892, πρβλ. Ἀγ. 760. 2) καθόλου, ἀρχή. παραγωγή, Ἀρεταῖ. π. Αἰτ. Χρον. Παθ. 1.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ης (ἡ) :
1 naissance, origine;
2 race, famille, etc. ; descendance, postérité;
3 p. ext. durée d’une génération ; degré de descendance, génération.
Étymologie: v. γίγνομαι.
English (Slater)
γέννα
a lineage ἐθελήσω τοῖσιν ἐξ ἀρχᾶς ἀπὸ Τλαπολέμου ξυνὸν ἀγγέλλων διορθῶσαι λόγον, Ἡρακλέος εὐρυσθενεῖ γέννᾳ i. e. for the Argive colonists of Rhodes (O. 7.23) “ἐχθίστοισι μὴ ψεύδεσιν καταμιάναις εἰπὲ γένναν” (P. 4.100)
b collectively, children ἔνθα τεκοῖσ (sc. Λατώ) εὐδαίμον' ἐπόψατο γένναν fr. 33 d. 10.
Spanish (DGE)
-ης, ἡ
• Morfología: [poét. gen. -ας A.Th.748, S.Fr.278.1; dat. -ᾳ Pi.O.7.23, A.Pr.892]
I 1linaje, estirpe μήτε τῶν γέννᾳ μεγαλυνομένων ni de los que se vanaglorian de su linaje A.Pr.1892, cf. A.760, γέννας ἀφθίτου λαχόντες θείας S.l.c., ἐκ τῆς Ἀναξίωνος γέννης ... ὄντα Is.Fr.35
•raza <ἃ> ... διέχουσι μάλιστα γέννῃ τε κρήσει τε καὶ εἴδεσιν ἐκμάκτοισι Emp.B 22.7, ὦ πάσης γέννης κτισταὶ καὶ εὐεργέται, ὦ πάσης γέννης τροφοί PMag.12.226
•fig. familia, casta, grupo οὐρανία γ. A.Pr.165, ἀρσένων γ. E.Med.428, ἡ ... τοῦ πέρατος γ. Pl.Phlb.25d.
2 descendencia, prole Ἡρακλέος εὐρυσθενεῖ γέννᾳ Pi.O.7.23, λαγίνα ... γ. una liebre A.A.119, θνᾴσκοντα γέννας ἄτερ habiendo muerto sin descendencia A.Th.748, κτείνων παμφύλων γένναν θηρῶν ref. a las larvas de los insectos, Ar.Au.1063, Ἄρνης παλαιᾶς γ. Lyc.644.
3 criatura γ. οὐδ' ἂν μία συντελέοιτο Hp.Nat.Hom.3.
4 generación πέμπτη δ' ἀπ' αὐτοῦ γέννα A.Pr.853, cf. 774.
II 1origen, génesis de los principios elementales τίνα γὰρ γένναν διζήσεαι αὐτοῦ (τοῦ ὄντος) Parm.B 8.6, γέννα, φυή, μείωσι de Crono, Orph.H.13.7, γ. καὶ ἀποδοχὴ πάντων Secund.Sent.7
•medic. formación τοῦ πύου Aret.SD 1.14.2, cf. CD 2.2.4.
2 de pers. nacimiento ἥλικα γένναν ἔασι Emp.B 17.27, cf. 22.9, ἥ τε τῶν ἑπταμηνιαίων γ. Vett.Val.52.19, ταπειναὶ γένναι nacimientos humildes Vett.Val.118.11, ἡ γ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ la Natividad de Cristo Cosm.Ind.Top.5.9, Gr.Naz.M.36.332B, POxy.1357.30 (VI d.C.).
3 personif. Procreación, Fuerza creadora, PMag.13.175.
III astr. salida o aparición ref. a la fase creciente de la luna, cuando ésta empieza a rebasar al sol γ. δὲ σελήνης καὶ ἀνατολὴ διαφέρει Ach.Tat.Intr.Arat.21, cf. Paul.Al.33.16, Sch.Arat.735.
• Etimología: De la r. de γίγνομαι q.u. c. una geminada de origen obscuro.
Greek Monolingual
η και γέννα, τα (AM γέννα, η, Μ και γέννα, τα)
1. α) παιδί, γέννημα, γόνος («θνᾴσκοντα γέννας ἄτερ» — χωρίς παιδιά, Πίνδ.)
β) φρ. «διαβόλου γέννα» — παμπόνηρος
2. καταγωγή, προέλευση
3. η νέα σελήνη, η νουμηνία
μσν.- νεοελλ.
1. ο τοκετός, η γέννηση ή τα γενέθλια («έκανε καλή γέννα»
«προσκυνοῡμεν Σου τὴν γένναν, Χριστέ»)
2. τα Χριστούγεννα («τὰ Χριστοῡ γέννα»
«τρεις στα Γέννα, τρεις στα Φώτα κι έξι στην Ανάσταση»)
1
Greek Monotonic
γέννᾰ: και γέννᾱ, -ας, ἡ,
I. καταγωγή, γέννηση, σε Αισχύλ.
II. 1. απόγονος, τέκνο, στον ίδ.· γένεση, γενιά, στον ίδ.
2. φυλή, έθνος, οικογένεια, στον ίδ., σε Ευρ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
γέννᾰ: ἡ (Eur. тж. ᾱ)
1) род, происхождение (γέννᾳ μεγαλύνεσθαι Aesch.);
2) род, племя (οὐρανία Aesch.): ἀρσένων γ. Eur. мужской пол;
3) поколение (πέμπτη ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ γ. Aesch.);
4) отпрыск, порождение, потомство (Ἡρακλέος Pind.).
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: descent, birth (Pi.).
Derivatives: γεννάδας m. noble (of birth) (Ar.; parodistic-ironic formation, Björck Alpha impurum 51ff.), Att. γεννήτης member of the γ. (Is.); γεννικός noble (Com., Pl.); γεννήεις begetting to γεννάω, s. below - Old is γενναῖος of good origin (Il.) with γενναιότης (E.). - Beside γέννα, γενναῖος there is γεννάω beget, generate (Pi.) with γέννημα (S.; γένημα after γένος) etc., γέννησις, γεννητής begetter (S.); γεννήτωρ (A.) and γεννητήρ (App.) id., γεννήτειρα (Pl.), γεννήτρια (Phryn.). - From γεννάω also γεννητικός (Arist.) and γεννήεις (Emp.).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] *ǵenh₁- beget
Etymology: Either γέννα was derived from γεννάω (Wackernagel KZ 30, 300 and 314) or the verb from the noun (DELG). Thus γενναῖος seems an old derivation from γέννα. It has been suggested that γενναῖος stands for *γενε̯αῖος (Schwyzer Glotta 5, 195f. (cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 114f. m. A. 1). Or γέννα has expressive gemination, which was introduced in γεννάω and γέννα (Meillet BSL 26, 15f., Chantr. Form. 46). γεννάω has been explained as a να-verb (δάμνημι, δαμνάω), with the stem γεν-introduced from γένος - The noun in short -α supposes -i̯a < *-ih₂; perhaps the development to -νν- is irregular (the -n- being analogically retained). - See further γίγνομαι.
Middle Liddell
I. descent, birth, Aesch.
II. offspring, Aesch.: a generation, Aesch.
2. a race, family, Aesch., Eur.