ἰκμάς: Difference between revisions

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Μεγάλοι δὲ λόγοι μεγάλας πληγὰς τῶν ὑπεραύχων ἀποτίσαντες γήρᾳ τὸ φρονεῖν ἐδίδαξαν → The great words of the arrogant pay the penalty by suffering great blows, and teach one to reason in old age

Sophocles, Antigone, 1350-1353
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|Transliteration C=ikmas
|Transliteration C=ikmas
|Beta Code=i)kma/s
|Beta Code=i)kma/s
|Definition=άδος, ἡ, [[moisture]], e.g. of [[oily]] [[leather]], <span class="bibl">Il.17.392</span>; ἰκμάδος ἐστὶ ἐν αὐτῇ [τῇ Λιβύῃ] οὐδέν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.185</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα</b>, of a [[corpse]] [[expose]]d to the [[sun]], <span class="bibl">Id.3.125</span>, cf. Hp.Aër.8; of [[moisture]] in the [[soil]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>8.6</span>; also <b class="b3">θανόντων ἰσὶν οὐκ ἔνεστ' ἰκμάς</b> no [[blood]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>229</span> (prob.); of the bodily [[humours]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Morb.</span>4.40</span>; of all kinds of [[animal]] [[juice]]s or [[moist]] [[secretion]]s, τὸ [[περίττωμα]] τῆς ὑγρᾶς ἰ. ὃν καλοῦμεν ἱδρῶτα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>668b4</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ τῶν καταμηνίων ἰκμάς</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>727b11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>556b27</span>, al.: com. metaph., τὴν ἰ. τῆς φροντίδος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>233</span>; <b class="b3">ἰκμὰς Βάκχου</b>, i.e. [[wine]], <span class="title">AP</span>5.133 (Posidipp.); <b class="b3">ἰκμὰς δρυός</b>, i.e. [[gum]], ib.<span class="bibl">6.109</span> (Antip.).
|Definition=ἰκμάδος, ἡ, [[moisture]], e.g. of [[oily]] [[leather]], Il.17.392; ἰκμάδος ἐστὶ ἐν αὐτῇ [τῇ Λιβύῃ] οὐδέν Hdt.4.185; <b class="b3">ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα</b>, of a [[corpse]] [[expose]]d to the [[sun]], Id.3.125, cf. Hp.Aër.8; of [[moisture]] in the [[soil]], ''Ev.Luc.''8.6; also <b class="b3">θανόντων ἰσὶν οὐκ ἔνεστ' ἰκμάς</b> no [[blood]], A.''Fr.''229 (prob.); of the bodily [[humours]], Hp.''Morb.''4.40; of all kinds of [[animal]] [[juice]]s or [[moist]] [[secretion]]s, τὸ [[περίττωμα]] τῆς ὑγρᾶς ἰ. ὃν καλοῦμεν ἱδρῶτα [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''668b4; <b class="b3">ἡ τῶν καταμηνίων ἰκμάς</b> Id.''GA''727b11, cf. ''HA''556b27, al.: com. metaph., τὴν ἰ. τῆς φροντίδος Ar.''Nu.''233; <b class="b3">ἰκμὰς Βάκχου</b>, i.e. [[wine]], ''AP''5.133 (Posidipp.); <b class="b3">ἰκμὰς δρυός</b>, i.e. [[gum]], ib.6.109 (Antip.).
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Revision as of 10:15, 25 August 2023

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Full diacritics: ἰκμάς Medium diacritics: ἰκμάς Low diacritics: ικμάς Capitals: ΙΚΜΑΣ
Transliteration A: ikmás Transliteration B: ikmas Transliteration C: ikmas Beta Code: i)kma/s

English (LSJ)

ἰκμάδος, ἡ, moisture, e.g. of oily leather, Il.17.392; ἰκμάδος ἐστὶ ἐν αὐτῇ [τῇ Λιβύῃ] οὐδέν Hdt.4.185; ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα, of a corpse exposed to the sun, Id.3.125, cf. Hp.Aër.8; of moisture in the soil, Ev.Luc.8.6; also θανόντων ἰσὶν οὐκ ἔνεστ' ἰκμάς no blood, A.Fr.229 (prob.); of the bodily humours, Hp.Morb.4.40; of all kinds of animal juices or moist secretions, τὸ περίττωμα τῆς ὑγρᾶς ἰ. ὃν καλοῦμεν ἱδρῶτα Arist.PA668b4; ἡ τῶν καταμηνίων ἰκμάς Id.GA727b11, cf. HA556b27, al.: com. metaph., τὴν ἰ. τῆς φροντίδος Ar.Nu.233; ἰκμὰς Βάκχου, i.e. wine, AP5.133 (Posidipp.); ἰκμὰς δρυός, i.e. gum, ib.6.109 (Antip.).

German (Pape)

[Seite 1248] άδος, Feuchtigkeit, Nässe; Il. 17, 393; vom Blute, Aesch. fr. 216; Ar. Nubb. 233; ἀνεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα Her. 3, 125; Plat. Tim. 76 h; Sp.

French (Bailly abrégé)

άδος (ἡ) :
1 humidité (du climat);
2 humidité, càd éléments humides du corps (sang, humeurs, etc.) ; sève.
Étymologie: R. Ἰκ p. Σικ, être humide.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἰκμάς: άδος ἡ
1 влага, влажность (ἰκμάδος ἐοτὶ οὐδὲν, sc. ἐν τῇ Λιβύῃ Her.; ἰ. αἱματική Arst.; τὸ γεῶδες ἔρημον ἰκμάδος Plut.): διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ἰκμάδα NT за отсутствием влаги; ἡ ἰ. τῇς φροντίδος Arph. влага мысли (пародия на идею Фалеса о влаге, как первоначале всех вещей);
2 сок: ἰ. Βάκχου Anth. вино; ἰ. δρυός Anth. древесная камедь.

Frisk Etymological English

-άδος
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: wetness, moisture, secretion (Ρ 392, Hdt.).
Compounds: As 2. member (transformed to an ο-stems) ἄν-, ἔν-, δύσ-ικμος (Hp., Arist.), as 1. member in ἰκμό-βωλον n. moist clump of earth (Dsc.; on the ntr. cf. zu διόσπυρον).
Derivatives: ἰκμαδώδης (H. s. ἴκμενος), ἰκματώδης (Ach. Tat.; after αἱματώδης) moist; also ἰκμαῖος (A. R.), ἴκμιος (Call.), ἰκμώδης (sch.), ἰκμαλέος (Hp., Opp.; Debrunner IF 23, 8); ἰκμαίνω moisten (A. R.). ἴκμαρ νοτίς H. Here also the backformation ἴκμη duckweed, Lemna minor (Thphr.; diff. on the formation Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113); also Ίκμάλιος τ 57?; speculations by Lacroix Coll. Latomus 28, 309ff.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] *seik- pour out (not from *seikʷ-)
Etymology: Formation in -άδ- like νιφάς a. o. (Schwyzer 507f., Chantr. Form. 349ff.), from an μ-stem; that this would have left traces in most derivv. (ἰκμαῖος etc.), is improbable. A primary aorist perhaps retained in ἷξαι διηθῆσαι H.; outside Greek there are several relatives, e. g. Skt. siñcáti pour out (nasal-present), Germ., e. g. OHG sīhan seihen, OCS sьčati urinate (iterative). But the reconstruction *seikʷ- does no work in Greek: one does not expect ἰκμ-, nor ἶξαι; Germanic has forms with *seik-. More forms Pok. 893, W.-Hofmann s. siat.

Frisk Etymology German

ἰκμάς: -άδος
{ikmás}
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Feuchtigkeit, Sekret (Ρ 392, Hdt., Hp., Ar., Arist. usw.).
Composita : Als Hinterglied (mit Umbildung nach den ο-Stämmen) ἄν-, ἔν-, δύσικμος (Hp., Arist. usw.), als Vorderglied in ἰκμόβωλον n. feuchter Erdkloß (Dsk.; zum Ntr. vgl. zu διόσπυρον).
Derivative: Ableitungen: ἰκμαδώδης (H. s. ἴκμενος), ἰκματώδης (Ach. Tat.; nach αἱματώδης) feucht; auch ἰκμαῖος (A. R., Nonn.), ἴκμιος (Kakl., Nonn.), ἰκμώδης (Sch.), ἰκμαλέος (Hp., Opp. u. a.; Debrunner IF 23, 8); ἰκμαίνω feuchten, benetzen (A. R., Nik.). Hierher noch die Rückbildung ἴκμη Entengrün, Lemna minor (Thphr.; anders über die Bildung Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113); auch Ἰκμάλιος τ 57?; unsichere Vermutung von Lacroix Coll. Latomus 28, 309ff.
Etymology : Bildung auf -άδ- wie νιφάς u. a. (Schwyzer 507f., Chantraine Formation 349ff.), zunächst von einem μ-Stamm; daß dieser in den meist späten Ableitungen ἰκμαῖος usw. Spuren hinterlassen hätte, ist wenig wahrscheinlich. Ein primärer Aorist scheint in ἷξαι· διηθῆσαι H. erhalten zu sein; außerhalb des Griechischen gibt es mehrere Verwandte, z. B. aind. siñcáti ausgießen (Nasalpräsens), germ., z. B. ahd. sīhanseihen’ (primäres Wurzelpräsens), aksl. sьčati harnen (Iterativbildung). Weitere Formen m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 466f., Pok. 893, W.-Hofmann s. siat.
Page 1,717

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἰκμάς: -άδος, ἡ, νοτίς, ὑγρασία, ὑγρότης, ἄφαρ δέ τε ἰκμάς ἔβη, «ταχέως δὲ ἡ ὑγρασία ἀπῆλθεν» (Θ. Γαζῆς), Ἰλ. Ρ. 392· ἰκμάδος ἐστίν ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ Λιβύῃ οὐδέν Ἡρόδ. 4. 185· ἀνιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα, ἐπὶ πτώματος ἐκτεθειμένου εἰς τὸν ἥλιον, ὁ αὐτ. 3. 125, πρβλ. Ἱππ. π. Ἀέρ. 285· ἀλλ, ὡσαύτως, τῶν θανόντων ἶσον οὐκ, ἔνεστ’ ἰκμάς, δὲν ὑπάρχει αἷμα, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀποσπ. 230· συχν. παρ, Ἀριστ. ἐπὶ παντὸς εἴδους ζωϊκῶν χυμῶν ἢ ἐκκρίσεων: - κωμ. μεταφ., τὴν ἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 233 ἰκ. Βάκχου, δηλ. οἶνος, Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 134· καὶ τὰν εὔκολλον δρυός ἰκμάδα, δηλ. τὸν ἰξόν, αὐτόθι 6. 109.

English (Thayer)

ἰκμαδος, ἡ, moisture: Sept. Homer, Iliad 17,392; Josephus, Antiquities 3,1, 3, and often in other authors.)

English (Autenrieth)

άδος: moisture, Il. 17.392†.

Greek Monotonic

ἰκμάς: -άδος, ἡ, υγρασία, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Ηρόδ.· κωμ. μεταφ., τὴνἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος, σε Αριστοφ.· ἰκμάδα Βάκχου, δηλ. κρασί, σε Ανθ.· ἰκμάδα δρυός, δηλ. κόμμι, στον ίδ.

Middle Liddell

ἰκμάς, άδος,
moisture, juice, Il., Hdt.:—comic metaph., τὴν ἰκμάδα τῆς φροντίδος Ar.; ἰ. Β

Chinese

原文音譯:ƒkm£j 希克馬士
詞類次數:名詞(1)
原文字根:水份
字義溯源:潮濕^,水分,滋潤
出現次數:總共(1);路(1)
譯字彙編
1) 滋潤(1) 路8:6

Mantoulidis Etymological

-άδος (=ὑγρασία). Ἀπό ρίζα σικ-. Ἡ λέξη παίρνει ψιλή ἀντί νά δασυνθεῖ, ὅπως ἔπρεπε.
Παράγωγα: ἱκμάζω (=ὑγραίνω), ἐξικμάζω (=ξεραίνω), ἱκμαίνω, ἰκμαῖος (=ὑγρός), ἰκμαλέος, ἴκμη (=φυτό πού φυτρώνει σέ ὑγρά μέρη).

Translations

moisture

Afrikaans: vog; Albanian: lagështirë; Arabic: رُطُوبَة‎; Armenian: խոնավություն, թացություն; Azerbaijani: nəmlik, rütubət, nəm; Belarusian: ві́льгаць, вільготнасць; Breton: glebiadur; Bulgarian: влага, влажност; Catalan: humitat; Chinese Mandarin: 濕氣/湿气; Czech: vlhkost, vláha; Danish: fugtighed; Dutch: vochtigheid, vocht; Finnish: kosteus; French: humidité; Galician: humidade, lentura, humedén; German: Feuchtigkeit, Nässe; Greek: υγρασία; Ancient Greek: δρόσος, ἐπίτεγξις, ἰκμάς, μύδος, νοτία, νοτίς, νοτισμός, τὸ νοτερόν, τὸ ὑγρόν, ὑγρασία, ὑγρότας, ὑγρότης, ὑδρότης; Greenlandic: aalaq; Hebrew: לַחוּת‎; Hindi: नमी; Hungarian: nedvesség, nyirkosság; Irish: taisleach; Italian: umidità; Japanese: 湿気; Kazakh: дым; Khmer: សន្សើម, សំណើម; Korean: 습기; Kyrgyz: ым, ным; Lao: ຄວາມຊຸ່ມ; Latin: mador, sucus; Latvian: mistrums, miklums, valgums, valganums; Lithuanian: drėgnis, drėgnumas, drėgmė; Macedonian: влага; Malay: kelembapan; Malayalam: ഈർപ്പം; Manchu: ᠰᡳᠮᡝᠨ; Middle English: moisture, moistnes; Middle Persian: 𐭭𐭬‎; Norwegian Bokmål: fuktighet; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: влага, вла̏жно̄ст; Glagolitic: ⰲⰾⰰⰳⰰ; Old East Slavic: волога; Persian: نم‎, رطوبت‎; Polish: wilgoć, wilgotność; Portuguese: umidade, humidade; Romanian: umezeală; Russian: влага, влажность; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: вла̏га; Roman: vlȁga, vlȁžnōst; Slovak: vlaha, vlhkosť; Slovene: vlága, vlažnost; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: włoga; Upper Sorbian: włoha; Spanish: humedad; Swedish: fuktighet, fukt; Tagalog: halumigmig, hamil, sayimsim; Tajik: нам, рутубат; Tatar: дым; Thai: ความชื้น; Turkish: nem, rutubet; Turkmen: çyg; Ukrainian: волога, вільгота, вологість, вогкість; Urdu: نمی‎; Uzbek: namlik; Vietnamese: độ ẩm, khí ẩm; Westrobothnian: dweft, rågne