gaudium: Difference between revisions
Τοὺς δούλους ἔταξεν ὡρισμένου νομίσματος ὁμιλεῖν ταῖς θεραπαινίσιν → He arranged for his male slaves to have sex with female slaves at a fixed price (Plutarch, Life of Cato the Elder 21.2)
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|lshtext=<b>gaudĭum</b>: ii (apoc. form gau, [[like]] cael for [[caelum]], do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. [[Auson]]. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. id.,<br /><b>I</b> [[inward]] [[joy]], [[joy]], [[gladness]], [[delight]] (opp. [[laetitia]], [[joy]] [[which]] shows itself [[externally]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Sing.: cum ratione [[animus]] movetur [[placide]] [[atque]] [[constanter]], tum illud [[gaudium]] dicitur: cum [[autem]] [[inaniter]] et [[effuse]] [[animus]] exsultat, tum [[illa]] [[laetitia]] gestiens vel nimia dici potest, [[quam]] ita definiunt [[sine]] ratione animi elationem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1: [[voluptas]] dicitur [[etiam]] in [[animo]] ... non dicitur [[laetitia]] nec [[gaudium]] in corpore, id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.): veluti ex servitute erepta ([[plebs]]) [[gaudium]] [[atque]] laetitiam agitabat, Sall. C. 48, 1: exsultare [[laetitia]], triumphare gaudio, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: [[meum]] [[factum]] probari abs te [[triumpho]] gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2: non [[possum]] non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, [[quod]], etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1: gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere, id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.: tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio, id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.: cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio [[sum]] [[elatus]], id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30: [[gaudium]], tristitiam ostendimus (manibus), Quint. 11, 3, 86: [[missa]] [[legatio]] quae gaudio fungeretur, to [[express]] [[their]] [[joy]], [[offer]] [[their]] congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55: [[prae]] gaudio ubi sim [[nescio]], Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.: [[nimio]] gaudio [[paene]] desipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2: exclamare gaudio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.: lacrimare gaudio, id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero [[vobis]]. Ad. At [[edepol]] nos voluptati [[tibi]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47: [[quid]] illud gaudii est? Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an [[object]]-genitive: [[gaudium]] periculosi [[saltus]] superati, Liv. 42, 55, 4.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Plur.: quocum [[multa]] [[volup]] ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.): cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; [[more]] freq., the [[outward]] expressions of [[joy]]: feminarum [[praecipue]] et gaudia [[insignia]] erant et [[luctus]], Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.: gaudio exultans, id. 21, 42, 3): quibus gaudiis exsultabis? Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: ita [[varie]] per omnem exercitum [[laetitia]], [[maeror]], [[luctus]] [[atque]] gaudia agitabantur, Sall. C. 61 fin.: o qui [[complexus]] et gaudia quanta fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43: gaudia prodentem [[vultum]] celare, id. ib. 2, 5, 104: in [[tacito]] cohibe gaudia clausa sinu, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. [[gaudeo]], II. A.): hunc [[scio]] mea [[solide]] gavisurum gaudia, Ter. And. 5, 5, 8: [[scin']] me in quibus sim gaudiis? id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.: Gaudia [[principium]] nostri sunt doloris, Ov. M. 7, 796.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., [[sensual]] [[pleasure]], [[delight]], [[enjoyment]] ([[rare]]; not in Cic.; cf. [[above]] the [[passage]], Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; [[usually]] in plur.): dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt, Sall. J. 2, 4: mutua gaudia, Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854: communia, id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28: non [[umquam]] reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent, Juv. 6, 365: vini [[atque]] cibi, id. 10, 204: cenae, id. 15, 41.—In sing.: mihi sibique pestiferum [[hinc]] abstulit [[gaudium]], Liv. 1, 58, 8.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., also, [[like]] [[our]] [[joy]], for an [[object]] [[which]] produces [[joy]], a [[cause]] or [[occasion]] of [[joy]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]): [[ceterum]] hoc [[gaudium]] magna [[prope]] clade in Samnio foedatum est, Liv. 7, 34, 1: non [[animo]] [[solum]] patrio gratum [[munus]], sed corpori [[quoque]] salubre [[gaudium]] (sc. [[reditus]] filii) fuit, id. 37, 37, 7: [[cupidus]] falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem, Prop. 1, 19, 9: fugiunt tua gaudia, Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—<br /> <b>B</b> Of inanim. and abstr. things: non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: [[flos]] est [[gaudium]] arborum, id. ib.: [[adamas]] opum [[gaudium]], id. 20 praef. § 2. | |lshtext=<b>gaudĭum</b>: ii (apoc. form gau, [[like]] cael for [[caelum]], do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. [[Auson]]. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. id.,<br /><b>I</b> [[inward]] [[joy]], [[joy]], [[gladness]], [[delight]] (opp. [[laetitia]], [[joy]] [[which]] shows itself [[externally]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Sing.: cum ratione [[animus]] movetur [[placide]] [[atque]] [[constanter]], tum illud [[gaudium]] dicitur: cum [[autem]] [[inaniter]] et [[effuse]] [[animus]] exsultat, tum [[illa]] [[laetitia]] gestiens vel nimia dici potest, [[quam]] ita definiunt [[sine]] ratione animi elationem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1: [[voluptas]] dicitur [[etiam]] in [[animo]] ... non dicitur [[laetitia]] nec [[gaudium]] in corpore, id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.): veluti ex servitute erepta ([[plebs]]) [[gaudium]] [[atque]] laetitiam agitabat, Sall. C. 48, 1: exsultare [[laetitia]], triumphare gaudio, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: [[meum]] [[factum]] probari abs te [[triumpho]] gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2: non [[possum]] non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, [[quod]], etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1: gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere, id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.: tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio, id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.: cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio [[sum]] [[elatus]], id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30: [[gaudium]], tristitiam ostendimus (manibus), Quint. 11, 3, 86: [[missa]] [[legatio]] quae gaudio fungeretur, to [[express]] [[their]] [[joy]], [[offer]] [[their]] congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55: [[prae]] gaudio ubi sim [[nescio]], Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.: [[nimio]] gaudio [[paene]] desipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2: exclamare gaudio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.: lacrimare gaudio, id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero [[vobis]]. Ad. At [[edepol]] nos voluptati [[tibi]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47: [[quid]] illud gaudii est? Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an [[object]]-genitive: [[gaudium]] periculosi [[saltus]] superati, Liv. 42, 55, 4.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Plur.: quocum [[multa]] [[volup]] ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.): cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; [[more]] freq., the [[outward]] expressions of [[joy]]: feminarum [[praecipue]] et gaudia [[insignia]] erant et [[luctus]], Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.: gaudio exultans, id. 21, 42, 3): quibus gaudiis exsultabis? Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: ita [[varie]] per omnem exercitum [[laetitia]], [[maeror]], [[luctus]] [[atque]] gaudia agitabantur, Sall. C. 61 fin.: o qui [[complexus]] et gaudia quanta fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43: gaudia prodentem [[vultum]] celare, id. ib. 2, 5, 104: in [[tacito]] cohibe gaudia clausa sinu, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. [[gaudeo]], II. A.): hunc [[scio]] mea [[solide]] gavisurum gaudia, Ter. And. 5, 5, 8: [[scin']] me in quibus sim gaudiis? id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.: Gaudia [[principium]] nostri sunt doloris, Ov. M. 7, 796.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., [[sensual]] [[pleasure]], [[delight]], [[enjoyment]] ([[rare]]; not in Cic.; cf. [[above]] the [[passage]], Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; [[usually]] in plur.): dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt, Sall. J. 2, 4: mutua gaudia, Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854: communia, id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28: non [[umquam]] reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent, Juv. 6, 365: vini [[atque]] cibi, id. 10, 204: cenae, id. 15, 41.—In sing.: mihi sibique pestiferum [[hinc]] abstulit [[gaudium]], Liv. 1, 58, 8.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., also, [[like]] [[our]] [[joy]], for an [[object]] [[which]] produces [[joy]], a [[cause]] or [[occasion]] of [[joy]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]): [[ceterum]] hoc [[gaudium]] magna [[prope]] clade in Samnio foedatum est, Liv. 7, 34, 1: non [[animo]] [[solum]] patrio gratum [[munus]], sed corpori [[quoque]] salubre [[gaudium]] (sc. [[reditus]] filii) fuit, id. 37, 37, 7: [[cupidus]] falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem, Prop. 1, 19, 9: fugiunt tua gaudia, Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—<br /> <b>B</b> Of inanim. and abstr. things: non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: [[flos]] est [[gaudium]] arborum, id. ib.: [[adamas]] opum [[gaudium]], id. 20 praef. § 2. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>gaudĭum</b>,⁸ ĭī, n. ([[gaudeo]]),<br /><b>1</b> contentement, satisfaction, aise, plaisir, joie [[plus]] retenue que lætitia, v. [[gaudeo]] § 1 ] : cum ratione [[animus]] movetur [[placide]] [[atque]] [[constanter]], tum [[illud]] [[gaudium]] dicitur Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, quand c’[[est]] un mouvement de satisfaction raisonnable, calme et durable, nous l’appelons [[gaudium]] ; [[voluptas]] dicitur [[etiam]] in [[animo]], [[non]] dicitur lætitia [[nec]] [[gaudium]] in corpore Cic. Fin. 2, 13, volupté se dit même quand il s’agit de l’âme, on ne dit ni allégresse ni joie quand il s’agit du corps ; gaudio compleri Cic. Fin. 5, 69, être comblé de joie ; gaudio efferri Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 2, être transporté de joie ; aliquem gaudio afficere Cic. Fin. 5, 70, combler qqn de joie ; [[missa]] [[legatio]], quæ gaudio fungeretur Tac. H. 2, 55, députation envoyée pour être l’interprète de la joie publique || [[gaudium]] [[saltus]] superati Liv. 42, 55, 4, joie d’avoir franchi le défilé, cf. Liv. 39, 50, 9 || pl., joies : Cic. Cat. 1, 26 ; Tusc. 5, 67<br /><b>2</b> [contrairement à la définition de Cicéron donnée au début du § 1] plaisir des sens, volupté : Lucr. 4, 1205 ; 5, 854, etc. ; dediti corporis gaudiis Sall. J. 2, 4, livrés aux plaisirs sensuels || [fig.] gaudia annorum Plin. 16, 95, la riante saison de l’année ; [[flos]] [[est]] [[gaudium]] arborum Plin. 16, 95, la fleur [[est]] la joie des arbres. | |||
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Revision as of 06:54, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
gaudĭum: ii (apoc. form gau, like cael for caelum, do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. Auson. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. id.,
I inward joy, joy, gladness, delight (opp. laetitia, joy which shows itself externally).
I Lit.
A In gen.
(a) Sing.: cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur: cum autem inaniter et effuse animus exsultat, tum illa laetitia gestiens vel nimia dici potest, quam ita definiunt sine ratione animi elationem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1: voluptas dicitur etiam in animo ... non dicitur laetitia nec gaudium in corpore, id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.): veluti ex servitute erepta (plebs) gaudium atque laetitiam agitabat, Sall. C. 48, 1: exsultare laetitia, triumphare gaudio, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2: non possum non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1: gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere, id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.: tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio, id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.: cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio sum elatus, id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30: gaudium, tristitiam ostendimus (manibus), Quint. 11, 3, 86: missa legatio quae gaudio fungeretur, to express their joy, offer their congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55: prae gaudio ubi sim nescio, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.: nimio gaudio paene desipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2: exclamare gaudio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.: lacrimare gaudio, id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47: quid illud gaudii est? Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an object-genitive: gaudium periculosi saltus superati, Liv. 42, 55, 4.—
(b) Plur.: quocum multa volup ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.): cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; more freq., the outward expressions of joy: feminarum praecipue et gaudia insignia erant et luctus, Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.: gaudio exultans, id. 21, 42, 3): quibus gaudiis exsultabis? Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur, Sall. C. 61 fin.: o qui complexus et gaudia quanta fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43: gaudia prodentem vultum celare, id. ib. 2, 5, 104: in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. gaudeo, II. A.): hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia, Ter. And. 5, 5, 8: scin' me in quibus sim gaudiis? id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.: Gaudia principium nostri sunt doloris, Ov. M. 7, 796.—
B In partic., sensual pleasure, delight, enjoyment (rare; not in Cic.; cf. above the passage, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; usually in plur.): dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt, Sall. J. 2, 4: mutua gaudia, Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854: communia, id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28: non umquam reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent, Juv. 6, 365: vini atque cibi, id. 10, 204: cenae, id. 15, 41.—In sing.: mihi sibique pestiferum hinc abstulit gaudium, Liv. 1, 58, 8.—
II Transf., also, like our joy, for an object which produces joy, a cause or occasion of joy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): ceterum hoc gaudium magna prope clade in Samnio foedatum est, Liv. 7, 34, 1: non animo solum patrio gratum munus, sed corpori quoque salubre gaudium (sc. reditus filii) fuit, id. 37, 37, 7: cupidus falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem, Prop. 1, 19, 9: fugiunt tua gaudia, Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—
B Of inanim. and abstr. things: non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: flos est gaudium arborum, id. ib.: adamas opum gaudium, id. 20 praef. § 2.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
gaudĭum,⁸ ĭī, n. (gaudeo),
1 contentement, satisfaction, aise, plaisir, joie plus retenue que lætitia, v. gaudeo § 1 ] : cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, quand c’est un mouvement de satisfaction raisonnable, calme et durable, nous l’appelons gaudium ; voluptas dicitur etiam in animo, non dicitur lætitia nec gaudium in corpore Cic. Fin. 2, 13, volupté se dit même quand il s’agit de l’âme, on ne dit ni allégresse ni joie quand il s’agit du corps ; gaudio compleri Cic. Fin. 5, 69, être comblé de joie ; gaudio efferri Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 2, être transporté de joie ; aliquem gaudio afficere Cic. Fin. 5, 70, combler qqn de joie ; missa legatio, quæ gaudio fungeretur Tac. H. 2, 55, députation envoyée pour être l’interprète de la joie publique
