principium

Latin > English

principium principi(i) N N :: beginning

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

princĭpĭum: ii, n. princeps,
I a beginning, commencement, origin (class.; syn.: primordia, initium).
I In gen.: origo principii nulla est: nam ex principio oriuntur omnia, Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54: quid est cujus principium aliquod sit, nihil sit extremum? id. N. D. 1, 8, 20: nec principium, nec finem habere, id. Sen. 21, 78: cujus criminis neque principium invenire, neque evolvere exitum possum, id. Cael. 23, 56: hic fons, hoc principium est movendi, id. Rep. 6, 25, 27: bellorum atque imperiorum, id. Balb. 3, 9: principium pontis, Tac. A. 1, 69: principio lucis, at daybreak, Amm. 25, 5, 1: in principiis dicendi, at the commencement of a speech, Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121; so of a declaration in a lawsuit, Juv. 6, 245: suave quoddam principium dicendi, Amm. 30, 4, 19: principia ducere ab aliquo, to derive, deduce: omnium rerum magnarum principia a dis immortalibus ducuntur, id. Vatin. 6, 14: principium urbis, id. Off. 1, 17, 54: scribendi recte sapere est et principium et fons, Hor. A. P. 309: omne principium huc refer, id. C. 3, 6, 6: a Jove principium, Verg. E. 3, 60: anni, Liv. 1, 4: a sanguine Teucri Ducere principium, Ov. M. 13, 705: capessere, to begin, Tac. A. 15, 49.—Adverb.: principio, a principio, in principio, at or in the beginning, at first: principio ... postea, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 35, 75: principio generi animantium omni est a naturā tributum, ut se tueatur, id. Off. 1, 4, 11; id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53; id. Fin. 1, 6, 17; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 39; id. And. 3, 3, 38; Verg. A. 6, 214; Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; so, a principio: ac vellem a principio te audissem, etc., id. Att. 7, 1, 2: dixeram a principio, de re publicā ut sileremus, id. Brut. 42, 157: in principio, id. de Or. 1, 48, 210: principio ut, as soon as, Plaut. Merc. prol. 40; v. Ritschl ad h. l.— Rarely of the boundaries of a country or people: adusque principia Carmanorum, Amm. 23, 6, 74.—
II In partic.
   A Plur., beginnings, foundations, principles, elements (class.): bene provisa et diligenter explorata principia ponantur, Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 37: juris, id. ib. 1, 6, 18: naturae, id. Off. 3, 12, 52; for which: principia naturalia, id. Fin. 3, 5, 17; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 35: principia rerum, ex quibus omnia constant, first principles, elements, id. Ac. 2, 36, 117.— Prov.: obsta principiis (cf. the French: ce n'est que le premier pas qui coute), Ov. R. Am. 91.—
   B That makes a beginning, that votes first: tribus principium fuit, pro tribu Q. Fabius primus scivit, Lex Thoria, Rudorff. p. 142; Lex Appar. ap. Haubold, Moment. Leg. p. 85; Plebissc. ap. Front. Aquaed. 129: Faucia curia fuit principium, was the first to vote, Liv. 9, 38 fin.—
   2    In gen., a beginner, originator, founder, ancestor (poet.): Graecia principium moris fuit, Ov. F. 2, 37: mihi Belus avorum Principium, ancestor, progenitor, Sil. 15, 748.—Here, too, prob. belongs PRINCIPIA SACRA, Æneas and his successors in Lavinium, ancestors whom the Latins and Romans honored as deities, Inscr. Orell. 2276.—
   C In milit. lang.: princĭpĭa, ōrum, n.
   1    The foremost ranks, the front line of soldiers, the front or van of an army: post principia, behind the front, Liv. 2, 65; cf.: hic ero post principia, inde omnibus signum dabo, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11: post principia paulatim recedunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 135, 31: deinde ipse paulatim procedere; Marium post principia habere, Sall. J. 50, 2: traversis principiis, in planum deducit, id. ib. 49, 6: equites post principia collocat, Liv. 3, 22; Tac. H. 2, 43. —
   2    The staff-officers, members of the council of war (post-class.): mittere principia, Front. Strat. 2, 5, 30: a principiis salutari, Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10: advocatis legionum principiis et turmarum, Amm. 25, 5, 1; Cod. 12, 47, 1.—
   3    A large open space in a camp, in which were the tents of the general, lieutenants, and tribunes, together with the standards, and where speeches were made and councils held; the general's quarters: jura reddere in principiis, Liv. 28, 24: in principiis ac praetorio in unum sermones confundi, id. 7, 12: castrorum, Just. 11, 6, 6: in castris, Varr. R. R. 3, 4, 1: in principiis statuit tabernaculum, eoque omnes cotidie convenire (jussit), ut ibi de summis rebus consilia caperentur, Nep. Eum. 7, 2; Suet. Oth. 1; 6; Flor. 3, 10, 12: primores centurionum et paucos militum in principia vocat, Tac. H. 3, 13; 1, 48; Dig. 49, 16, 12; cf. Front. Strat. 4, 1, 16.—
   D Precedence, preference, the first place: principium ergo, columenque omnium rerum preti margaritae tenent, Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 106. —
   E Plur., selections, selected passages: principiorum libri circumferuntur, quia existimatur pars aliqua etiam sine ceteris esse perfecta, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 12.—
   2    In partic., mastery, dominion (post-class.): ἀρχή, magisterium, magistratus, praesidatus, principium, Gloss. Philox.: in Graeco principii vocabulum, quod est ἀρχή, non tantum ordinativum, sed et potestativum capit principatum, Tert. adv. Hermog. 19.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

prīncĭpĭum,⁸ ĭī, n. (princeps),
1 commencement : nec principium nec finem habere Cic. CM 78, n’avoir ni commencement ni fin || principio Cic. Off. 1, 11, en premier lieu, tout d’abord ; a principio Cic. Br. 157, dès le début, en commençant || [en part.] début d’un ouvrage, entrée en matière d’un discours, exorde : Cic. Br. 210 ; de Or. 2, 81 ; 2, 315, etc.; Plin. Min. Ep. 2, 5, 12
2 ce qui commence : Faucia curia fuit principium Liv. 9, 38, 15, la curie Faucia commença, vota la première
3 fondement, origine : urbis Cic. Off. 1, 54, origine d’une ville || princĭpĭa, ōrum, n., les éléments, les principes : rerum Cic. Ac. 2, 117 ; Sest. 47 ; Leg. 2, 13 ; Fin. 5, 58, les éléments dont tout est formé ; naturæ Cic. Off. 1, 50, penchants naturels, impulsions naturelles, cf. Cic. Fin. 3, 17 ; juris Cic. Leg. 1, 18, les principes fondamentaux du droit
4 [milit.] princĭpĭa, ōrum, a) première ligne, front d’une armée : Ter. Eun. 781 ; Sall. J. 50, 2 ; Liv. 2, 65, 2 ; b) quartier général dans le camp : Liv. 28, 24, 10 ; Nep. Eum. 7, 2 ; Tac. H. 3, 13 ; c) officiers d’État-major : Frontin. Strat. 2, 5, 30.

Latin > German (Georges)

prīncipium, iī, n. (princeps), der Anfang, Ursprung, I) eig.: pr. pontis, Tac.: pr. dicendi, der Rede, Cic.: principio veris, Sall. fr. u. Liv.: principio eius anni, Liv.: principio belli, Liv.: principio orationis, Liv.: in principio totius summae, im Eingange der Gesamtdarstellung, Liv.: ducere principium ab alqo, den Anfang herleiten od. machen, Cic., od. abstammen, Ov.: pr. capessere, machen, Tac.: (in) principio, anfangs, zuerst, Cic.: principio, gleich zu Anfang, Curt.: principio atque, sobald als, Plaut.: a principio, zu Anfang, anfangs, Cic., od. von Anfang an, Cic. – II) meton.: A) der Grund, die Grundlage, der Grundstoff, id est pr. urbis, Cic.: omnium rerum pr. aqua, Vitr. – u. Plur. principia, die Elemente, Grundstoffe u. dgl., rerum, Cic.: iuris, Cic.: naturae od. naturalia, die Grundtriebe, Cic. – B) v. dem, der den Anfang macht, und zwar: 1) als publiz. t. t., v. der in den Kurien zuerst stimmenden Tribus od. Kurie, die Vorwahl, Faucia curia fuit pr., stimmte zuerst, Liv. 9, 38, 15: u. so Lex Thoria p. 142 ed. Rudorff. Lex de appar. ap. Haubold Moment. leg. p. 85. Plebiscit. b. Frontin. aqu. 129. – 2) der Anfänger, Urheber usw., Graecia principium moris fuit, Ov.: mihi Belus avorum pr., Stammvater, Sil. – C) die erste Stelle, der Vorrang, principium columenque omnium rerum pretii margaritae tenent, den ersten u. höchsten Preis, Plin. 9, 106. – und die Herrschaft über jmd., Tert. adv. Hermog. 19. – D) als milit. t. t., principia, ōrum, n., 1) die vorderen Reihen, -Glieder, das Vordertreffen, die Front, Sall. u.a.: post pr., hinter der Fr., Sall. u.a.: recipi (sich zurückziehen) inter principia legionum, Veget. mil. – 2) der Hauptweg, Hauptplatz im Lager, Standort der Zelte des Feldherrn, der Legaten und Tribunen, wo Reden an die Soldaten gehalten, den Soldaten Recht gesprochen wurde u. dgl., das Hauptquartier, Generalquartier, Nep., Liv. u.a.: in vestrorum castrorum principiis, Cic. ep. ad Brut. – dah. meton., das Hauptquartier = die höheren Offiziere, Frontin. u.a. Vgl. übh. Oudend. Frontin. 4, 1, 16.

Latin > Chinese

principium, ii. n. :: 起初。原始。Ducere principium ab eo 源出於彼。Principio vel in principio 先。其一。

Translations

Arabic: بِدَايَة‎; Armenian: սկիզբ; Asturian: comienzu, entamu, empiezu, aniciu; Avar: авал; Azerbaijani: əvvəl; Belarusian: пачатак; Bulgarian: начало; Burmese: ကနဦး, အစ, အာဒိ; Catalan: començament, inici, principi; Chinese Mandarin: 開始, 开始; Czech: začátek, počátek; Dutch: begin; Estonian: alustamine; Finnish: alkaminen, alku, aloitus; French: début, commencement; Middle French: commencement; Old French: comencement; Galician: comezo, empezo, principio, inicio; Georgian: დაწყება; German: Anfang, Beginn; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹, 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼, 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃; Ancient Greek: ἀρχή; Guaraní: ñepyrumby; Haitian Creole: kòmansman; Hindi: शुरू; Hungarian: kezdet, kezdés; Hunsrik: Aanfang; Ido: komenco; Interlingua: comenciamento; Japanese: 開始, 到来, 始まり; Khmer: ការចាប់ផ្ដើម; Korean: 시작(始作), 처음; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەستپێکردن‎; Ladino: empesijo, impisiju, principio; Latin: initium, principium, primordium, exordium; Lithuanian: pradžia, pradėjimas, debiutas; Macedonian: почеток; Malayalam: തുടക്കം, ആരംഭം; Norman:'menchement; Norwegian Bokmål: begynnelse; Occitan: començament; Oriya: ଆରମ୍ଭ; Papiamentu: kuminsamentu; Plautdietsch: Aunfank; Polish: początek; Portuguese: começo, início, princípio; Romanian: începere, început, inițiere, debut; Romansch: entschatta, antscheata, antschatta, prinzipi; Russian: начало; Sanskrit: आद, आरम्भ, आदि; Scottish Gaelic: toiseach; Serbo-Croatian: почетак, početak, почињање, počinjanje; Slovak: začiatok, počiatok; Slovene: začetek; Spanish: comienzo, principio, inicio; Swedish: början, begynnelse, start; Tagalog: simula, umpisa; Tamil: ஆரம்பம், ஆதி; Telugu: ప్రారంభం, మొదలు; Thai: การเริ่ม; Turkish: başlangıç, iptida; Ukrainian: початок; Vietnamese: phần đầu, bắt đầu; Walloon: kimince, kiminçmint; Yiddish: אָנהייב‎