mater

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

māter: tris, f. root ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to make, measure, like Gr. μήτηρ, the maker, akin with Dor. μάτηρ; Germ. Mutter; Engl. mother; cf.: materies, manus,
I a mother (dat. sing. matre, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 177; dat. plur. matris, Inscr. Grut. 90: matrabus, Inscr. Orell. 2089).
I Lit.: si quidem istius regis (sc. Anci Martii) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem, Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33: cur non sit heres matri suae? id. ib. 3, 10, 17: de pietate in matrem, id. Lael. 3, 11: Sassia mater hujus Aviti, id. Clu. 5, 12: Hecate, quae matre Asteria est, who has Asteria for her mother, id. N. D. 3, 18, 46: musa, matre nati, id. ib. 3, 18, 45: mater esse de aliquo, to be a mother, i. e. to be pregnant by any one, Ov. H. 9, 48: facere aliquam matrem, id. M. 9, 491: mater familias or familiae, the mistress of a house, matron (v. familia).—
   B Transf., a nurse: mater sua ... quae mammam dabat, neque adeo mater ipsa, quae illos pepererat, Plaut. Men. prol. 19: puero opust cibo, opus est autem matri quae puerum lavit, id. Truc. 5 10: lambere matrem, Verg. A. 8, 632.—As a title of honor, mother, applied to priestesses: jubemus te salvere, mater. Sa. Salvete puellae, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 5: amice benigneque honorem, mater, nostrum habes, id. ib. 1, 5, 30.—To goddesses: Vesta mater, Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 4, 2; Verg. G. 1, 498: mater Matuta, v. h. v.: Flora mater, Lucr. 5, 739; the same: florum, Ov. F. 5, 183: mater magna, or absol.: Mater, i. e. Cybele, the mother of all the gods: matris magnae sacerdos, Cic. Sest. 26; cf. absol.: matris quate cymbala circum, Verg. G. 4, 64; id. A. 9, 108: secreta palatia Matris, Juv. 9, 23: matres ... cives Romanae, ut jus liberorum consecutae videantur, Paul. Sent. 4, 9, 1: matris condicionem sequi, Gai. Inst. 1, 81; cf. §§ 67, 86.—Also, in gen., a woman, a lady; usu. in plur., women, ladies: pilentis matres in mollibus, Verg. A. 8, 666: matres atque viri, id. ib. 6, 306; cf. Ov. F. 1, 619.—Of the earth, as the mother of all: exercitum Dis Manibus matrique Terrae deberi, Liv. 8, 6; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56.—Of a country: haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2: amorum, i. e. Venus, Ov. H. 16, 201: cupidinum, i. e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 19, 1.—Of animals: porci cum matribus, Varr. R. R. 2, 4: excretos prohibent a matribus haedos, Verg. G. 3, 398: ova assunt ipsis cum matribus, i. e. cum gallinis, Juv. 11, 70: mater simia, id. 10, 195: pullus hirundinis ad quem volat mater, id. 10, 232.—Of the trunks of trees, etc.: plantas tenero abscindens de corpore matrum, Verg. G. 2, 23; Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23.—Of a fountain, as the source of waters: ex grandi palude oritur (fluvius), quam matrem ejus accolae appellant, Mel. 2, 1, 7.—Of a chief or capital city: mater Italiae Roma, Flor. 3, 18, 5: ut Graeci dicere solent, urbium mater, Cydona, id. 3, 7, 4: (Cilicia) matrem urbium habet Tarsum, Sol. 38; cf. Metropolis.—
II Trop.
   A The mother, i. e. maternal love: simul matrem labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: mater redit, Sen. ap. Med. 928.—
   B Motherhood, maternity, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389.—
   C A producing cause, origin, source, etc. (freq. and class.): apes mellis matres, Varr. R. R. 2, 5: mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: philosophia mater omnium bene factorum, id. Brut. 93, 322: avaritiae mater, luxuries, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: voluptas, malorum mater omnium, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; 1, 22, 58; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Planc. 33, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34; Plin. 37, 6, 21, § 80; Quint. 9, 3, 89: juris et religionis, Cic. Rep. 5, 2, 3: justitiae imbecillitas mater est, id. ib. 3, 14, 23: intemperantia omnium perturbationum mater, id. Ac. 1, 10, 39: similitudo est satietatis mater, id. Inv. 1, 41, 76: utilitas justi prope mater et aequi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 98; Lact. 3, 8, 32; Aug. in Psa. 83, 1.—Comically: eam (sc. hirneam) ego vini ut matre fuerat natum, eduxi meri, i. e. as it came from the cask, without the addition of water, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274.—
   D The protector, shelter, home: urbs Roma, virtutum omnium mater, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 1: illa Jerusalem quae est mater nostra, Vulg. Gal. 4, 26.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

mātĕr,⁶ tris, f. (μήτηρ),
1 mère : pietas in matrem Cic. Læl. 11, affection pieuse pour sa mère ; quæ matre Asteria est Cic. Nat. 3, 46, qui a pour mère Astéria ; matrem esse de aliquo Ov. H. 9, 48, être rendue mère par qqn || [famil^t] bonne mère : Pl. Rud. 262 || [épith. des déesses] : Vesta mater Virg. G. 1, 498, auguste Vesta ; [en part.] Mater Magna Cic. Sest. 56, ou Mater Virg. G. 4, 64, la grande déesse, Cybèle
2 mère des animaux] : Varro R. 2, 4 ; Virg. G. 3, 398 || [souches des arbres] : Virg. G. 2, 23 ; Plin. 12, 23 || cité mère, patrie : Virg. En. 10, 172 || métropole : Flor. 3, 18, 5
3 la mère = l’affection maternelle : Ov. M. 7, 629 ; Sen. Med. 928 || la maternité : Sen. Herc. Œt. 389
4 mère, cause, origine, source : mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est Cic. Leg. 1, 58, la sagesse est la mère de tout ce qui est bon ; voluptas, malorum mater omnium Cic. Leg. 1, 47, la volupté, mère de tous les maux ; similitudo est satietatis mater Cic. Inv. 1, 76, la monotonie engendre la satiété. matre dat. CIL 1, 379.

Latin > German (Georges)

māter, tris, f. (altind. mātár-, griech. μἡτηρ, dorisch μάτηρ), die Mutter, I) eig., v. jedem leb. Geschöpf, das Junge geboren hat u. säugt, 1) v. Menschen, a) übh., Cic. u.a.: frater matre eādem natus (Ggstz. utroque parente natus), Liv.: matrem agere, die Mutter (Säugemutter) abgeben (v. einer Wölfin), Flor.: matrem fieri de Iove, M. (= schwanger) werden usw., Ov.: matrem esse, M. (= schwanger) sein, Ov.: matrem facere, schwängern, Ov.: annon putas aliquid esse discriminis inter matrem et novercam? Sen. – mater familias od. familiae, s. familia. – b) insbes.: α) Gattin, Frau, Weib, Verg. u. Liv. – β) v. alten Frauen, Mutter, Mütterchen, iubemus te salvere, mater, Plaut.: bes. im Plur., matres Graiae, Verg.: Ithacae, Ov.: matres nurusque, ältere u. jüngere Frauen, Ov.: v. Ammen, Plaut. u. Verg. – γ) v. Göttinnen, als Beiname, Flora mater, Lucr.: mater Matuta, mater Terra, Liv.: Vesta mater, Verg. – od. als poet. Umschr. derselben, Mater magna, Cic., u. bl. Mater (sc. deorum), Cybele, Verg.: florum, Flora, Ov.: Amorum, Venus, Ov. – 2) v. Tieren, Mutter, Mutterkuh, Mutterschaf, Mutterziege u. dgl., Varro u. Verg.: cornigerae, Lucr.: columbi matre (Henne) subducti, Th. Prisc. 1, 10. – 3) übtr.: a) v. leb. Wesen = Erzeugerin, quî posset rebus mater consistere certa, Lucr.: apes mellis matres, Varro. – b) v. Baume od. Stamme, aus dem Zweige wachsen, der Mutterstamm, Verg. u. Colum. – c) v. Gewässern, Mutter, Quelle, Mela 2, 1, 7 (2. § 7). – d) v. Städten = μητρόπολις (poet auch μήτηρ), Mutterstadt, ab urbe filia mater eversa est, Augustin. de civ. dei 3, 14, 3: Brixia Veronae mater, Catull. 67, 34: Populonia mater, Verg. Aen. 10, 172. – u. übh. (wie μητρὁπολις) Hauptstadt, mater Italiae Roma, Flor.: matrem urbium habet Tarsum, v. Cilicien, Solin.: Nicaea, quae in Bithynia mater est urbium, Amm. – e) v. Ländern usw., Mutter, haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2. Vgl. Mela 2, 1, 7 (2. § 7) u. dazu Tzschucke (vol. 3. part. 2, p. 37). – II) meton.: 1) mütterliche Liebe, simul matrem labare sensit, Ov.: mater redit, Sen. poët. – 2) der Mutterstand, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389. – III) bilbl., die Mutter = die Ursache, der Ursprung, die Quelle, Wurzel, der Grund einer Sache, mater, ut ita dicam, rerum omnium, Cic.: omnium malorum stultitia est mater, Cornif. rhet.: mater bonarum artium est sapientia, Cic.: mater eius (avaritiae) est tollenda, luxuries, Cic.: crudelitatis mater est avaritia, Quint.: prima scelerum mater, avaritia, Claud. – / Archaist. Dat. Sing. matrei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 203, matre, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 177.