ἔρεβος: Difference between revisions
ὦ θάνατε παιάν, μή μ᾽ ἀτιμάσῃς μολεῖν· μόνος γὰρ εἶ σὺ τῶν ἀνηκέστων κακῶν ἰατρός, ἄλγος δ᾽ οὐδὲν ἅπτεται νεκροῦ. → O death, the healer, reject me not, but come! For thou alone art the mediciner of ills incurable, and no pain layeth hold on the dead.
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|Transliteration C=erevos | |Transliteration C=erevos | ||
|Beta Code=)/erebos | |Beta Code=)/erebos | ||
|Definition=τό: Att. gen. < | |Definition=τό: Att. gen.<br><span class="bld">A</span> Ἐρέβους [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''694, Ion. [[Ἐρέβευς]] Il.8.368, Od.11.37, [[Ἐρέβεσφιν]] or [[Ἐρέβευσφιν]], Hes.''Th.''669, ''h.Cer.''349, ἐξ Ἐρεβ- Il.9.572: no dat. or pl. occurs:—[[Erebos]], a [[place]] of [[nether]] [[darkness]], forming a passage from Earth to [[Hades]], Il.16.327, Od.10.528, al., Hes.''Th.''515, etc.; rare in Prose, Pl.''Ax.''371e, Plu.2.953a, 1130d: metaph., ἔρεβος [[ὕφαλος|ὕφαλον]] = the [[darkness]] of the [[deep]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''589(lyr.); of a [[riddle]], ἀξυνέτοις ἔ. ''AP''7.429 (Alc.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> personified, Hes.''Th.'' 125. (Skt. rájas, Goth. riqis, ONorse røkkr '[[darkness]]'.) | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=<i>ion.</i> -εος, <i>att.</i> -ους, épq. -ευς (τό) :<br /><b>1</b> [[obscurité]], [[ténèbres]] <i>en parl. des enfers</i> ; l'Érèbe, les enfers ; <i>qqf en parl. du fond de la mer</i> [[ἔρεβος]] ὕφαλον SOPH l'abîme sous-marin;<br /><b>2</b> <i>n. pr.</i> Erébos, fils du Chaos.<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[ἐρέφω]]. | |btext=<i>ion.</i> -εος, <i>att.</i> -ους, épq. -ευς (τό) :<br /><b>1</b> [[obscurité]], [[ténèbres]] <i>en parl. des enfers</i> ; l'Érèbe, les enfers ; <i>qqf en parl. du fond de la mer</i> [[ἔρεβος]] ὕφαλον SOPH l'abîme sous-marin;<br /><b>2</b> <i>n. pr.</i> [[Erébos]], [[fils du Chaos]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. [[ἐρέφω]]. | ||
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{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx=Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام, ظُلْمَة; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: | |trtx====[[darkness]]=== | ||
Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام, ظُلْمَة; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: цемра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: [[duisternis]], [[donkerheid]]; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: [[obscurité]], [[ténèbres]], [[sombreur]], [[noirceur]]; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: [[Dunkelheit]], [[Finsternis]]; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: [[σκοτάδι]], [[έρεβος]], [[ζόφος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀμυδρά]], [[γνόφος]], [[δνόφος]], [[ἔρεβος]], [[Ἔρεβος]], [[ζοφερόν]], [[ζόφος]], [[κνέφας]], [[ὄρφνα]], [[ὄρφνη]], [[σκοτασμός]], [[σκοτεινόν]], [[σκοτεινότης]], [[σκοτία]], [[σκότος]], [[σκοτωδία]], [[ψέφας]], [[ψέφος]]; Haitian Creole: fènwa; Hebrew: אֲפֵלָה, חֹשֶׁךְ, עֲלָטָה; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: [[buio]], [[oscurità]], [[tenebre]]; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: [[tenebrae]], [[caligo]], [[obscuritas]], [[nox]]; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Malayalam: ഇരുട്ട്; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza class Northern Sami: seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Oromo: dukkana; Persian: تیرگی, تاریکی; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: [[escuridão]], [[trevas]]; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر, ہَنیرا; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: [[темнота]], [[тьма]], [[мрак]], [[потёмки]]; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Somali: mugddi; Spanish: [[oscuridad]]; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tibetan: མུན་པ; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: темрява, тьма, морок, темнота, темнота; Urdu: اندھیرا; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš | |||
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Latest revision as of 07:51, 13 November 2024
English (LSJ)
τό: Att. gen.
A Ἐρέβους Ar.Av.694, Ion. Ἐρέβευς Il.8.368, Od.11.37, Ἐρέβεσφιν or Ἐρέβευσφιν, Hes.Th.669, h.Cer.349, ἐξ Ἐρεβ- Il.9.572: no dat. or pl. occurs:—Erebos, a place of nether darkness, forming a passage from Earth to Hades, Il.16.327, Od.10.528, al., Hes.Th.515, etc.; rare in Prose, Pl.Ax.371e, Plu.2.953a, 1130d: metaph., ἔρεβος ὕφαλον = the darkness of the deep, S.Ant.589(lyr.); of a riddle, ἀξυνέτοις ἔ. AP7.429 (Alc.).
II personified, Hes.Th. 125. (Skt. rájas, Goth. riqis, ONorse røkkr 'darkness'.)
French (Bailly abrégé)
ion. -εος, att. -ους, épq. -ευς (τό) :
1 obscurité, ténèbres en parl. des enfers ; l'Érèbe, les enfers ; qqf en parl. du fond de la mer ἔρεβος ὕφαλον SOPH l'abîme sous-marin;
2 n. pr. Erébos, fils du Chaos.
Étymologie: cf. ἐρέφω.
Greek Monotonic
ἔρεβος: τό, Αττ. γεν. Ἐρέβους, Ιων. Ἐρέβευς, Επικ. Ἐρέβεσφιν· Έρεβος, τόπος απόλυτου σκότους, πάνω από τον Άδη, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· μεταφ., ἔρεβος ὕφαλον, το σκοτάδι της αβύσσου ή της θάλασσας, σε Σοφ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἔρεβος: ους и εος τό (эп. gen. ἐρέβευς, ἐρέβεσφιν и ἐρέβευσφιν) мрак, тьма Anth.: ἔ. ὕφαλον Soph. подводная тьма, морская пучина.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: the dark of the underworld (Il.).
Derivatives: ἐρεβεννός, Aeol. < *ἐρεβεσ-νός prop. belonging to the ἔρεβος, dark (Il., Hes.), more common ἐρεμνός < *ἐρεβ-νός (cf. Risch 92; s. also on δεινός) id. (Il.); ἐρεβώδης ids. (late).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [857] *h₁regʷos darkness (of the underworld)
Etymology: Old word for darkness etc., also in Sankrit, Armenian and Germanic: Skt. rájas- n. dark (lower) air, dust (diff. Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), Arm. erek, -oy evening, Goth. riqiz, OWNo. røkkr n. dark, dusk; IE *h₁régu̯os- n. - Pok. 857.
Middle Liddell
Erebus, a place of nether darkness, above Hades, Hom., etc.:—metaph., ἔρεβος ὕφαλον the darkness of the deep, Soph.
Frisk Etymology German
ἔρεβος: {érebos}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Dunkel der Unterwelt, Totengrund (poet. seit Il.).
Derivative: Davon ἐρεβεννός, äol. aus *ἐρεβεσνός eig. [[zum ἔρεβος gehörend]], finster, dunkel (Il., Hes.), gewöhnlicher ἐρεμνός aus *ἐρεβνός (vgl. Risch 92; s. auch zu δεινός) ib. (ep. poet. seit Il.); ἐρεβώδης ib. (spät).
Etymology: Altes Wort für Dunkel, auch im Altindischen, Armenischen und Germanischen erhalten: aind. rájas- n. ‘dunkler (niederer) Luftkreis, Dunst, Staub’ (anders darüber Burrow BSOAS 12, 645ff.; zustimmend Gonda KZ 73, 163f.), arm. erek, -oy Abend, got. riqiz, awno. røkkr n. Dunkel, Dämmerung; idg. *régu̯os- n. — WP. 2, 367, Pok. 857.
Page 1,550
English (Woodhouse)
murkiness, nether darkness, of the under-world, the gloom of the underworld
Greek Monolingual
το (Α ἔρεβος)
βαθύτατο σκοτάδι, απόλυτη έλλειψη φωτός
αρχ.
1. ο σκοτεινός τόπος που υπάρχει κάτω από τη γη, από τον οποίο περνούσαν οι νεκροί για να πάνε στον Αδη
2. το απόλυτο σκοτάδι στον βυθό της θάλασσας («ἔρεβος ὕφαλον», Σοφ.)
3. γρίφος, μυστήριο («φέγγος μέν ξυνετοῖς, ἀξυνέτοις δ’ ἔρεβος», Ανθ. Παλ.)
4. Ἔρεβος, ως προσωποποίηση («ἐκ χάεος δ’ Ἐρεβός τε μέλαινά τε Νὺξ ἐγένοντο», Ησίοδ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ Ο τ. έρεβος ανάγεται σε ΙΕ τ. regw-oς «σκοτάδι» και εμφανίζει προθηματικό ε- ενώ συνδέεται με αρχ. ινδ. rajas- «ατμός, σκότος», αρμ. erek- «βράδυ», γοτθ. riqiz. Από τη λ. έρεβος προήλθε το επίθ. ερεμνός (< ερεβ-νός), ο αιολ. τ. ερεβεννός (< ερεβεσ-νός), ενώ ο τ. ερεβώδης είναι μεταγενέστερος].
Mantoulidis Etymological
τό (=σκοτάδι). Ἀπό τήν ἴδια ρίζα μέ τό ρῆμα ἐρέπτω ἤ ἐρέφω (=στεγάζω, σκοτεινιάζω), ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.
Translations
darkness
Abkhaz: алашьцара; Albanian: terr, errësirë, mugëtirë; Arabic: ظَلَام, ظُلْمَة; South Levantine Arabic: عتمة; Armenian: խավար, մթություն; Aromanian: ãntunearic, ntunearic, scutidi; Asturian: escuridá; Azerbaijani: qaranlıq, zülmət; Belarusian: цемра, змрок; Bulgarian: мрак, тъмнина; Catalan: foscor; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ; Cherokee: ᎤᎳᏏᎬᎢ; Chinese Mandarin: 黑暗; Czech: tma, temnota; Danish: mørke; Dutch: duisternis, donkerheid; Esperanto: mallumo; Estonian: pimedus; Ewe: viviti; Finnish: pimeys; French: obscurité, ténèbres, sombreur, noirceur; Galician: escuridade, tebras, mourén, foscume, escureza, calixen; Georgian: სიბნელე, წყვდიადი, უკუნეთი; German: Dunkelheit, Finsternis; Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌵𐌹𐍃; Greek: σκοτάδι, έρεβος, ζόφος; Ancient Greek: ἀμυδρά, γνόφος, δνόφος, ἔρεβος, Ἔρεβος, ζοφερόν, ζόφος, κνέφας, ὄρφνα, ὄρφνη, σκοτασμός, σκοτεινόν, σκοτεινότης, σκοτία, σκότος, σκοτωδία, ψέφας, ψέφος; Haitian Creole: fènwa; Hebrew: אֲפֵלָה, חֹשֶׁךְ, עֲלָטָה; Hindi: अंधेरा, अन्धेरा; Hungarian: sötétség; Hunsrik: tunkelheet; Icelandic: myrkur, dimma, nifl, ljósleysa; Ido: tenebro; Indonesian: kegelapan; Istriot: tienabre; Italian: buio, oscurità, tenebre; Japanese: 闇, 暗黒; Javanese: pepeteng; Kapampangan: kedalumduman; Kazakh: қараңғылық, түнек; Khmer: ភាពងងឹត; Korean: 암흑(暗黑), 어두움); Kurdish Central Kurdish: تاریکی; Latgalian: timss, tymsums; Latin: tenebrae, caligo, obscuritas, nox; Latvian: tumsa; Lithuanian: tamsa; Lombard: scur; Luxembourgish: Däischtert, Donkelheet; Macedonian: темнина, мрак; Malagasy: ny maìzina; Malayalam: ഇരുട്ട്; Maltese: dlam; Maori: hinapouri, taipouri, whēuriuri; Marathi: अंधार; Middle English: derknesse; Mongolian: харанхуй; Mwani: kisi; Navajo: chahałheeł; Ngazidja Comorian: hidza class Northern Sami: seavdnjat, seavdnjadas; Norwegian Bokmål: mørke; Nynorsk: mørker, mørke; Occitan: foscor; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: тьма; Old English: þīestru; Oromo: dukkana; Persian: تیرگی, تاریکی; Polish: ciemność, mrok; Portuguese: escuridão, trevas; Punjabi Shahmukhi: ہَنیر, ہَنیرا; Quechua: laqha; Romagnol: bur; Romanian: întuneric, întunecime; Russian: темнота, тьма, мрак, потёмки; Sanskrit: रजस्, ध्वान्त, अन्धकार, तमस्; Scottish Gaelic: dubhar, dorchadas, dubh; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: тама; Roman: tama, tamnoća, mračnina, mračnost; Slovak: tma, temnota; Slovene: tema; Somali: mugddi; Spanish: oscuridad; Sumerian: 𒂿, 𒋯, 𒌖, 𒀯𒅊, 𒍪𒈬𒊌, 𒌓𒄷𒄭; Swedish: mörker; Tagalog: kadiliman; Tamil: இருள்; Telugu: చీకటి, అంధకారము; Thai: ความมืด; Tibetan: མུན་པ; Tocharian B: orkamo; Tok Pisin: tudak; Turkish: karanlık; Udi: беъиънкъ, байинкъ; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎄𐎂𐎚; Ukrainian: темрява, тьма, морок, темнота, темнота; Urdu: اندھیرا; Vietnamese: bóng tối; Welsh: tywyllwch; West Frisian: tsjusternis; Yiddish: פֿינצטערניש or; Yoruba: òkùnkùn; Yámana: akuš
