arcus

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

arcus: ūs, m. (the orthography, arquus (cf. arquatus), is freq. in MSS., like quum for cum, quur for cur, etc.; cf. Freund ad Cic. Mil. p. 31 sq. Thus Charis. p. 92 P. upon Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51, reads arcuis; Prisc. p. 712 P. arci; and Non. p. 425, 5, upon Lucr. 6, 526, arqui; but the distinction which the latter gram. points out (arcus suspensus fornix appellatur; arquus non nisi qui in caelo apparet, quam Irim poëtae dixerunt) does not seem to be well founded.—
I Abl. plur. never found; acc. to the gram., Don. p. 1751, Diom. p. 285, Prisc. p. 779, Rhem. Palaem. p. 1371 P. al., it was arcubus; so Vulg. 2 Esdr. 4, 13; cf. Rudd. I. p. 104, n. 48.—Gen. sing. arqui, Lucr. 6, 526 Lachm., and Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51 B. and K.—Dat. arcu, Sil. 4, 18.—Nom. plur. ARCVVS, Corp. Inscr. V. 85; Inscr. Henz. 5313: arci, Varr. ap. Non. p. 77, 12.—Acc. ARCOS, Corp. Inscr. II. 3420.—Fem., Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 712 P.; cf. id. 658 P.; and Serv. ad Verg. 6, 610, says that Catull. and others used it as fem.; v. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 679) [cf. Sanscr. arālas = bent, the bent arm, aratnis = Gr. ὠλένη; Lat. ulna; Germ. Elbogen; Engl. elbow. Curt.], prop., something bent; hence,
I A bow (syn. cornu).
   A For shooting: intendit crinitus Apollo Arcum auratum, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 54 Müll.): arcus intentus in aliquem, Cic. Sest. 7: haec cernens arcum intendebat Apollo Desuper, Verg. A. 8, 704; 9, 665; so Vulg. Psa. 10, 3; 36, 14: arcum tendere, ib. 3 Reg. 22, 34; ib. 4 Reg. 9, 24: adductus, Verg. A. 5, 507: remissus, Hor. C. 3, 27, 67: arcum dirigere in aliquem, Pers. 3, 60: quom arcum et pharetram mi et sagittas sumpsero, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 98; so, arcum suscitare, Vulg. Hab. 3, 9 et saep. —
   B The rainbow (fully: pluvius arcus,
v. infra, II.), Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 712 P. (Ann. v. 393 Vahl.): Tum color in nigris existit nubibus arqui, * Lucr. 6, 526 Lachm.: arcus ipse ex nubibus efficitur quodam modo coloratis, Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51: ceu nubibus arcus Mille jacit varios adverso sole colores, Verg. A. 5, 88 Rib.; so Ov. M. 6, 63; 11, 632; 14, 838: pluvius describitur arcus, Hor. A. P. 18; Liv. 30, 2; 41, 21; Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 353; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5 and 6: arcum meum ponam in nubibus, Vulg. Gen. 9, 13 sqq. (in Vulg. Apoc. 4, 3; 10, 1, iris, q. v.) al.—
   C A bow or arch in building, a vault, arch, triumphal arch, etc.: efficiens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum, Ov. M. 3, 30; 3, 160; Juv. 3, 11; Suet. Ner. 25: marmoreus arcus, id. Claud. 1; so id. ib. 11; id. Dom. 13; cf. Plin. Pan. 59, 2 Schwarz.—
II Transf.
   A Poet. or in post-Aug. prose, any thing arched or curved like a bow; of the breaking of waves: niger arcus aquarum, Ov. M. 11, 568.—Of the windings of a serpent: immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus, Ov. M. 3, 42.—Of a curve in flight: dea se paribus per cælum sustulit alis Ingentemque fugā secuit sub nubibus arcum, Verg. A. 5, 658.—Of the curving or bendings of a bay: sinus curvos falcatus in arcus, Ov. M. 11, 229 (cf.: inque sinus scindit sese unda reductos, Verg. A. 1, 161).— Of a harbor: Portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum, Verg. A. 3, 533.—Of boughs of trees, Verg. G. 2, 26 et saep.—Of the back of a chair, Tac. A. 15, 57.—
   B The mathematical arc, Sen. Q. N. 1, 10; Col. 5, 2, 9.—Hence, of the five parallel circles of the globe which bound the zones (or perhaps rather, the zones themselves): via quinque per arcus, Ov. M. 2, 129.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

arcŭs⁹ ou arquŭs, ūs, m.,
1 arc : Cic. Nat. 1, 101
2 arc-en-ciel : Cic. Nat. 3, 51
3 voûte, arc de triomphe : Tac. Ann. 2, 41
4 toute espèce d’objet courbé en forme d’arc : Virg. G. 2, 26 ; En. 3, 533 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 57 || arc de cercle : Sen. Nat. 1, 10, 1 ; Col. Rust. 5, 2, 9.
     gén. arch. arqui Lucr. 5, 526 ; Cic. Nat. 3, 51 ; nom. pl. arci Varr. d. Non. 77, 12 || fém. Enn. Ann. 409.

Latin > German (Georges)

arcus, altlat. arquus, ūs, m. (vgl. angels. earh, got. arhwazna, Pfeil), I) der Bogen, a) zum Abschießen der Pfeile, curvi arcus, Ov.: arcus Haemonii, der Schütze als Gestirn, Ov.: Teucri sagittae et arcus, Ampel.: Euboea consimilis arcui, Hyg.: portus curvatus in arcum, Verg.: hic pontus ad formam Scythici arcus incurvus, Mela: speciem efficit arcus Scythici, Sall. fr.: arcum intendere, Cic., od. adducere, Verg. – b) der Regenbogen, Plaut., Cic. u.a.: arcus bibit aquam, zieht Wasser an sich, Plaut. Curc. 129: vollst. arcus caelestis, Plin., pluvius, Hor., imbrifer, Tibull., hibernus, Val. Flacc. – c) als Bauwerk, der Bogen, der Schwibbogen, Vitr. 5, 10, 2 u.a. Ov. met. 3, 30 u. 160. Lucan. 4, 15 (v. einem Brückenbogen). Frontin. aqu. 15 extr. Corp. inscr. Lat. 6, 1252: ad arcum veterem (beim alten Tore) habitare, Petr. 44, 6. – bes. Triumphbogen, Siegesbogen, Ehrenbogen, circi maximi, Suet. Ner. 25, 2: Fabianus, Sen. const. 1, 3: marmoreus cum tropaeis, Suet. Claud. 1, 3 u. 11, 3: arcus veteres, Iuven. 3, 11: arcus, tropaea, statuas deprecari, Plin. pan. 59, 2: fine anni arcus propter aedem Saturni ob recepta signa cum Varo amissa ductu Germanici dicatur, Tac. ann. 2, 41. – II) übtr.: 1) jede bogenförmige Krümmung, Bogenwölbung, v. den Windungen der Schlange, der Krümmung des Meerbusens, Ov.: v. der Krümmung des Hafens, Verg.: v. den brandenden Wellen, Ov.: v. der Lehne des Stuhls, Tac.: v. den Ranken des Weinstocks, Plin.: v. den zur Erde gebogenen Zweigen, die einwachsen sollen, Verg. u. Col. – 2) insbes., als mathemat. t. t., der Kreisbogen, Sen. u. Col.: quinque arcus, die fünf Parallelkreise der Erdkugel, die die Zonen begrenzen, Ov. – / Alter Genet. sing. arqui, Lucr. 5, 526. Cic. de nat. deor. 3, 51 M. – alter Nom. plur. arci, Varr. bei Non. 77, 12: u. Abl. plur. arquis, Tert. ad nat. 2, 15 ed. Oehler. – Abl. plur. arcubus, Manil. 3, 213. Capit. Maxim. et Balb. 16, 5. Treb. Poll. Claud. 3, 7. Veget. mil. 1, 14; 2, 15; 4, 29. Serv. Verg. Aen. 9, 622 u. 11, 6. Sidon. ep. 1, 5. Vulg. Nehem. 4, 13; vgl. Diom. 308, 2. Vel. Long. (VII) 68, 3 K. – arcus als fem., Enn. ann. 393.