gaudium

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τῷ ἄφρονι περιττεύει τὸ πάθος → the stupid man is carried away by passion

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Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

gaudĭum: ii (apoc. form gau, like cael for caelum, do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. Auson. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. id.,
I inward joy, joy, gladness, delight (opp. laetitia, joy which shows itself externally).
I Lit.
   A In gen.
   (a)    Sing.: cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur: cum autem inaniter et effuse animus exsultat, tum illa laetitia gestiens vel nimia dici potest, quam ita definiunt sine ratione animi elationem, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1: voluptas dicitur etiam in animo ... non dicitur laetitia nec gaudium in corpore, id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.): veluti ex servitute erepta (plebs) gaudium atque laetitiam agitabat, Sall. C. 48, 1: exsultare laetitia, triumphare gaudio, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2: non possum non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc., Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1: gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere, id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.: tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio, id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.: cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio sum elatus, id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30: gaudium, tristitiam ostendimus (manibus), Quint. 11, 3, 86: missa legatio quae gaudio fungeretur, to express their joy, offer their congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55: prae gaudio ubi sim nescio, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.: nimio gaudio paene desipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2: exclamare gaudio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.: lacrimare gaudio, id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47: quid illud gaudii est? Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an object-genitive: gaudium periculosi saltus superati, Liv. 42, 55, 4.—
   (b)    Plur.: quocum multa volup ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.): cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; more freq., the outward expressions of joy: feminarum praecipue et gaudia insignia erant et luctus, Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.: gaudio exultans, id. 21, 42, 3): quibus gaudiis exsultabis? Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26: ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur, Sall. C. 61 fin.: o qui complexus et gaudia quanta fuerunt! Hor. S. 1, 5, 43: gaudia prodentem vultum celare, id. ib. 2, 5, 104: in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. gaudeo, II. A.): hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia, Ter. And. 5, 5, 8: scin' me in quibus sim gaudiis? id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.: Gaudia principium nostri sunt doloris, Ov. M. 7, 796.—
   B In partic., sensual pleasure, delight, enjoyment (rare; not in Cic.; cf. above the passage, Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; usually in plur.): dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt, Sall. J. 2, 4: mutua gaudia, Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854: communia, id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28: non umquam reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent, Juv. 6, 365: vini atque cibi, id. 10, 204: cenae, id. 15, 41.—In sing.: mihi sibique pestiferum hinc abstulit gaudium, Liv. 1, 58, 8.—
II Transf., also, like our joy, for an object which produces joy, a cause or occasion of joy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): ceterum hoc gaudium magna prope clade in Samnio foedatum est, Liv. 7, 34, 1: non animo solum patrio gratum munus, sed corpori quoque salubre gaudium (sc. reditus filii) fuit, id. 37, 37, 7: cupidus falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem, Prop. 1, 19, 9: fugiunt tua gaudia, Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—
   B Of inanim. and abstr. things: non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: flos est gaudium arborum, id. ib.: adamas opum gaudium, id. 20 praef. § 2.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

gaudĭum,⁸ ĭī, n. (gaudeo),
1 contentement, satisfaction, aise, plaisir, joie plus retenue que lætitia, v. gaudeo § 1 ] : cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, quand c’est un mouvement de satisfaction raisonnable, calme et durable, nous l’appelons gaudium ; voluptas dicitur etiam in animo, non dicitur lætitia nec gaudium in corpore Cic. Fin. 2, 13, volupté se dit même quand il s’agit de l’âme, on ne dit ni allégresse ni joie quand il s’agit du corps ; gaudio compleri Cic. Fin. 5, 69, être comblé de joie ; gaudio efferri Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 2, être transporté de joie ; aliquem gaudio afficere Cic. Fin. 5, 70, combler qqn de joie ; missa legatio, quæ gaudio fungeretur Tac. H. 2, 55, députation envoyée pour être l’interprète de la joie publique