castus
Latin > English
castus casta -um, castior -or -us, castissimus -a -um ADJ :: pure, moral; chaste, virtuous, pious; sacred; spotless; free from/untouched by
castus castus castus N M :: ceremonial state of abstinence; sexual abstinence on religious grounds
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
castus: a, um, adj. i. e. cas-tus, partic., kindr. to Sanscr. çludh, to cleanse; Gr. καθ-αρός; Germ. keusch, heiter; cf. the opp. in-ces-tus, impure, Bopp, Gloss. 351, 6; Pott. 1, 252.
I In gen., morally pure, unpolluted, spotless, guiltless, = purus, integer (gen. in respect to the person himself, while candidus signifies pure, just, in respect to other men; v. Doed. Syn. p. 196 sq.; class. in prose and poetry): castus animus purusque, Cic. Div. 1, 53, 121; cf.: vita purissima et castissima, id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17; and: quis hoc adulescente castior? quis modestior? quis autem illo qui maledicit impurior? id. Phil. 3, 6, 15: perjurum castus (fraudasse dicatur), id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21: castissimum quoque hominem ad peccandum potuisse impellere, id. Inv. 2, 11, 36: nulli fas casto sceleratum insistere limen, Verg. A. 6, 563: populus Et frugi castusque verecundusque, Hor. A. P. 207: qui (animi) se integros castosque servavissent, Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 72; cf. id. Font. 10, 22; id. Cael. 18, 42: M. Crassi castissima domus, id. ib. 4, 9: signa, signs, indications of innocence, Ov. M. 7, 725: fides, inviolable, Sil. 13, 285: Saguntum, id. 3, 1.—With ab: decet nos esse a culpā castos, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 23; so, res familiaris casta a cruore civili, Cic. Phil. 13, 4, 8.—
II In respect to particular virtues.
A Most freq., esp. in poetry, in regard to sexual morality, pure, chaste, unpolluted, virtuous, continent: Latona, Enn. Trag. 424 Vahl.; cf. Minerva, Hor. C. 3, 3, 23; Cat. 16, 5; 62, 23; Tib. 1, 3, 83; Ov. M. 2, 544; 2, 711: hostia = Iphigenia, Lucr. 1, 98: Bellerophon, Hor. C. 3, 7, 15: matres, Verg. A. 8, 665: maritae, Ov. F. 2, 139.— With ab: castus ab rebus venereis, Col. 9, 14, 3.—Of inanimate things: lectulus, Cat. 64, 87: cubile, id. 66, 83: flos virginis, id. 62, 46: gremium, id. 65, 20: vultus, Ov. M. 4, 799: domus, Cat. 64, 385; Hor. C. 4, 5, 21 al.—
b Trop., of style, free from barbarisms, pure: Caius Caesar sermonis praeter alios suae aetatis castissimi, Gell. 19, 8, 3.—
B In a religious respect, pious, religious, holy, sacred, = pius: hac casti maneant in religione nepotes, Verg. A. 3, 409 Wagn.— So, Aeneas (for which elsewhere pius in Verg.), Hor. C. S. 42: sacerdotes, Verg. A. 6, 661: et sanctus princeps, Plin. Pan. 1, 3: ego qui castam contionem, sanctum campum defendo (in respect to the preceding: in Campo Martio, comitiis centuriatis auspicato in loco), Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11.—Of things: sacrae, religiosae castaeque res, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 8: haud satis castum donum deo, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45; cf. festa, Ov. Am. 3, 13, 3: taedae, Verg. A. 7, 71 Serv.: ara castis Vincta verbenis, Hor. C. 4, 11, 6: crines, Ov. M. 15, 675: laurus, Tib. 3, 4, 23: castior amnis (sc. Musarum), Stat. S. 4, 7, 12; cf.: castum flumen (on account of the nymphs), Claud. III. Cons. Stil. 260: luci, Hor. C. 1, 12, 59: nemus, Tac. G. 40: pura castaque mens, Plin. Pan. 3 fin.: casta mola genus sacrificii, quod Vestales virgines faciebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 65 Müll.—As epith. ornans of poetry, since it is used in defence of the Deity: casta poesis, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 14 (it is erroneously explained by Non. by suavis, jucundus).—
2 Hence, subst.: castum, i, n., a festival, or period of time consecrated to a god, during which strict continence was enjoined, Fest. p. 124, 25 Müll.: Isidis et Cybeles, Tert. Jejun. 16.—
C In respect to the property and rights of others, free from, abstinent, disinterested: manus, Varr. ap. Non. p. 267, 12: homo castus ac non cupidus, Cic. Sest. 43, 93: castissimus homo atque integerrimus, id. Fl. 28, 68.—Adv.: castē.
A (Acc. to I.) Purely, spotlessly, without stain, uprightly: agere aetatem suam, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 149: et integre vivere, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 63; id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2.—
B (Acc. to II. A.) Chastely, virtuously: caste se habere a servis, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 15, 12, 3: tueri eloquentiam ut adultam virginem, Cic. Brut. 95, 330.—Of language, properly, correctly, classically: caste pureque linguā Latinā uti, Gell. 17, 2, 7.—
2 (Acc. to II. B.) Piously, religiously: placare deos, Ov. P. 2, 1, 33; cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 3; Suet. Aug. 6.—Comp., Liv. 10, 7, 5.—Sup., Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 1.
castus: ūs (abl. heterocl. casto, Tert. Jejun. 16; Fest. s. v. minuitur, p. 154, 6 Müll.), m. 1. castus, ante- and post-class. for castimonia,
I an abstinence from sensual enjoyments on religious grounds, Naev. ap. Non. p. 197, 16; Varr. ib.; Gell. 10, 15, 1; Arn. 5, p. 167.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) castus,⁹ a, um,
1 pur, intègre, vertueux, irréprochable : quis hoc adulescente castior ? Cic. Phil. 3, 15, quoi de plus honnête que ce jeune homme ? castissimum hominem ad peccandum impellere Cic. Inv. 2, 36, pousser au mal le plus vertueux des hommes ; castissima domus Cic. Cæl. 9, maison très vertueuse || [en part.] fidèle à sa parole, loyal : fraudasse dicatur perjurum castus Cic. Com. 21, c’est l’homme esclave de sa parole qui aurait trompé l’homme sans foi ; casta Saguntum Sil. 3, 1, la fidèle Sagonte
2 chaste, pur : castum decet esse poetam ipsum Catul. 16, 5, il faut que le poète soit chaste dans sa personne ; casta Minerva Hor. O. 3, 3, 23, la chaste Minerve ; castus vultus Ov. M. 4, 799, air pudique || [fig.] correct [en parl. du style] : Cæsar, sermonis castissimi Gell. 19, 8, 3, César dont la langue est si pure
3 pieux, religieux, saint : casti nepotes Virg. En. 3, 489, descendants pieux ; casta contio Cic. Rab. perd. 11, assemblée sainte [dans un lieu consacré] ; castum nemus Tac. G. 40, forêt sainte ; castæ tædæ Virg. En. 7, 71, les torches sacrées ; casta poesis Varr. d. Non. 267, 14, la divine poésie || castum, ī, n., fête [religieuse] : Fest. 154, 25 ; Tert. Jejun. 16.
(2) castŭs, ūs, m., règlement religieux qui défend l’usage de certaines choses : Fest. 154, 6 ; Varr. d. Non. 197, 16 ; Gell. 10, 15, 1 || fête [religieuse] : Diovos castud = Jovis castu CIL 1, 360, à la fête de Jupiter.
Latin > German (Georges)
(1) castus1, a, um, Adi. m. Compar. u. Superl. (careo), moralisch rein, lauter, fleckenlos, unschuldig, anständig (u. zwar gew. bl. in bezug auf die Person selbst, vgl. candidus,) I) im allg.: a culpa castae, Plaut.: quis hoc adulescente castior? Cic.: homo castissimus, Cic.: se integros castosque servare, Cic. – v. Lebl., res familiaris casta a cruore civili, Cic.: fides, unverbrüchliche, Sil.: tempora, Vopisc.: dicens castiores esse debere ludos spectante censore, müßten mit größerem Anstand gefeiert werden, Vopisc. – II) insbes.: a) in Rücksicht auf anderer Vermögen, rein, enthaltsam, uneigennützig, homo castus ac non cupidus, Cic.: castissimus homo atque integerrimus, Cic. – b) in Rücksicht auf fleischlichen Umgang, keusch, züchtig, unschuldig (Ggstz. incestus, obscoenus, adulter), Pallas, Prop.: matres c., Verg.: matronarum castissima, Cic.: casta sine labe corpora, Ps. Quint. decl.: castus ab rebus venereis, Col. – v. Lebl., cubile, Catull.: domus, Catull.: Cassii castissima domus, Cic.: signa, Z. der Züchtigkeit, Ov. – castum adv., c. sapere, Prud. cath. 2, 22. – c) in bezug auf Religion, fromm, religiös, heilig, Aeneas, Hor.: casti maneant in religione nepotes, Verg.: ego qui castam contionem, sanctum campum defendo, Cic. – v. Lebl., lucus, Hor., u. nemus, Tac. (s. Passow Tac. Germ. 40, 3): haud satis c. donum deo, Cic.: poësis, weil sie im Schutze der Gottheit steht, Varr. fr. – subst., castum, ī, n., die heilige Festzeit einer Gottheit, während der mannigfache Enthaltsamkeit geboten wurde, Cereris, Fest. p. 154 (b), 25: Isidis et Cybeles, Tert. de ieiun. 16. – d) in bezug auf den Stil, rein, frei von Barbarismen, Gaius Caesar, vir sermonis praeter alios suae aetatis castissimi, Gell. 19, 8, 3.
(2) castus2, ūs, m. (1. castus), das sich Enthalten sinnlicher Genüsse, die Kasteiung (als t. t. der Religionsspr., s. Arnob. 5, 16), religiones et castus, Varr. bei Non. 197, 13: multiplices castus, Gell. 10, 15, 1: res divas edicit, praedicit castus, Naev. b. Punic. 1. fr. 3 Vahlen (bei Non. 197, 15).
