atrium: Difference between revisions
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|lnetxt=atrium atri(i) N N :: atrium, reception hall in a Roman house; auction room; palace (pl.), house | |||
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>ātrĭum</b>: ii, n. acc. to Scaliger, from αἴθριον, subdiale, [[since]] it [[was]] a [[part]] of the [[uncovered]] [[portion]] of the [[house]] ([[but]] the [[atrium]] of the Romans [[was]] [[always]] [[covered]]); acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 161 Müll., from the Tuscan [[town]] Atria, [[where]] this [[style]] of [[architecture]] originated; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.; and Müller, Etrusk. 1, p. 254 sq.; [[but]] [[better]] from [[ater]], acc. to the [[explanation]] of [[Servius]]: ibi [[etiam]] [[culina]] erat, [[unde]] et [[atrium]] [[dictum]] est; atrum [[enim]] erat ex [[fumo]], ad Verg. A. 1, 730.<br /><b>I</b> The [[fore]]-[[court]], [[hall]], [[entrance]]-[[room]], [[entry]]; [[that]] [[part]] of the Roman [[house]] [[into]] [[which]] one [[first]] came [[after]] [[passing]] the [[entrance]] (janua); cf. Vitr. 6, 4; O. Müller, Archaeol. III. § 293, and Etrusk. [[above]] cited. In earlier times, the [[atrium]] [[was]] used as a dining-[[room]], [[Cato]] ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 726. [[Here]] stood, [[opposite]] the [[door]], the [[lectus]] [[genialis]], Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 87; here sat the [[housewife]] [[with]] her maidens [[spinning]], Arn. adv. Gent. 2, 67; here clients were in [[attendance]], Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Juv. 7, 7 and 91; and here hung the [[family]] portraits and [[other]] paintings, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 55; Mart. 2, 90; Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; Vulg. Matt. 26, 58; ib. Marc. 14, 54; ib. Joan. 18, 15 al.—Poet. in the plur., of a [[single]] [[atrium]]: Apparet [[domus]] [[intus]] et atria longa patescunt, Verg. A. 2, 483; so Ov. M. 14, 260; Juv. 8, 20 al. | |lshtext=<b>ātrĭum</b>: ii, n. acc. to Scaliger, from [[αἴθριον]], subdiale, [[since]] it [[was]] a [[part]] of the [[uncovered]] [[portion]] of the [[house]] ([[but]] the [[atrium]] of the Romans [[was]] [[always]] [[covered]]); acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 161 Müll., from the Tuscan [[town]] Atria, [[where]] this [[style]] of [[architecture]] originated; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.; and Müller, Etrusk. 1, p. 254 sq.; [[but]] [[better]] from [[ater]], acc. to the [[explanation]] of [[Servius]]: ibi [[etiam]] [[culina]] erat, [[unde]] et [[atrium]] [[dictum]] est; atrum [[enim]] erat ex [[fumo]], ad Verg. A. 1, 730.<br /><b>I</b> The [[fore]]-[[court]], [[hall]], [[entrance]]-[[room]], [[entry]]; [[that]] [[part]] of the Roman [[house]] [[into]] [[which]] one [[first]] came [[after]] [[passing]] the [[entrance]] (janua); cf. Vitr. 6, 4; O. Müller, Archaeol. III. § 293, and Etrusk. [[above]] cited. In earlier times, the [[atrium]] [[was]] used as a dining-[[room]], [[Cato]] ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 726. [[Here]] stood, [[opposite]] the [[door]], the [[lectus]] [[genialis]], Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 87; here sat the [[housewife]] [[with]] her maidens [[spinning]], Arn. adv. Gent. 2, 67; here clients were in [[attendance]], Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Juv. 7, 7 and 91; and here hung the [[family]] portraits and [[other]] paintings, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 55; Mart. 2, 90; Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; Vulg. Matt. 26, 58; ib. Marc. 14, 54; ib. Joan. 18, 15 al.—Poet. in the plur., of a [[single]] [[atrium]]: Apparet [[domus]] [[intus]] et atria longa patescunt, Verg. A. 2, 483; so Ov. M. 14, 260; Juv. 8, 20 al.—Meton. for the [[house]] itself: nec capient Phrygias atria nostra [[nurus]], Ov. H. 16, 184; id. M. 13, 968.—So of the [[entrance]]-[[room]] in the [[dwelling]] of the gods: dextrā laevāque deorum Atria nobilium (as it were clients,<br /> v. [[supra]]) valvis celebrantur apertis, Ov. M. 1, 172; Stat. Th. 1, 197.—<br /><b>II</b> In [[temples]] and [[other]] [[public]] buildings [[there]] [[was]] [[often]] an [[atrium]], a [[hall]], [[court]]: in atrio Libertatis, Cic. Mil. 22, 59; Liv. 25, 7; 45, 15; Tac. H. 1, 31; Suet. Aug. 29: Vestae, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 2; also called [[atrium]] regium, Liv. 26, 27; cf. Ov. F. 6, 263; id. Tr. 3, 1, 30: [[atrium]] tabernaculi, Vulg. Exod. 27, 9; ib. Lev. 6, 26: in atriis Domūs Dei, ib. Psa. 91, 14; 134, 2; Smith, Dict. Antiq.—So [[atrium]] auctionarium, an [[auction]]-[[hall]], [[auction]]-[[room]], Cic. Agr. 1, 3; so Inscr. Orell. 3439; and absol., atria: cum desertis Aganippes Vallibus esuriens migraret in atria [[Clio]], Juv. 7, 7. Such halls were the Atria [[Licinia]], Cic. Quinct. 6, 25: ATRIVM SVTORIVM, the shoemakers' [[hall]], a [[place]] in [[Rome]], Calend. Praenest. Inscr. Orell. II. 386. | ||
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|nleltext=[[ἄτριον]], [[αἴθριον]] | |||
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|lnztxt=atrium, ii. n. :: [[門院]]。[[丹墀]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 12:27, 12 October 2024
Latin > English
atrium atri(i) N N :: atrium, reception hall in a Roman house; auction room; palace (pl.), house
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
ātrĭum: ii, n. acc. to Scaliger, from αἴθριον, subdiale, since it was a part of the uncovered portion of the house (but the atrium of the Romans was always covered); acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 161 Müll., from the Tuscan town Atria, where this style of architecture originated; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.; and Müller, Etrusk. 1, p. 254 sq.; but better from ater, acc. to the explanation of Servius: ibi etiam culina erat, unde et atrium dictum est; atrum enim erat ex fumo, ad Verg. A. 1, 730.
I The fore-court, hall, entrance-room, entry; that part of the Roman house into which one first came after passing the entrance (janua); cf. Vitr. 6, 4; O. Müller, Archaeol. III. § 293, and Etrusk. above cited. In earlier times, the atrium was used as a dining-room, Cato ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 726. Here stood, opposite the door, the lectus genialis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 87; here sat the housewife with her maidens spinning, Arn. adv. Gent. 2, 67; here clients were in attendance, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Juv. 7, 7 and 91; and here hung the family portraits and other paintings, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 55; Mart. 2, 90; Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; Vulg. Matt. 26, 58; ib. Marc. 14, 54; ib. Joan. 18, 15 al.—Poet. in the plur., of a single atrium: Apparet domus intus et atria longa patescunt, Verg. A. 2, 483; so Ov. M. 14, 260; Juv. 8, 20 al.—Meton. for the house itself: nec capient Phrygias atria nostra nurus, Ov. H. 16, 184; id. M. 13, 968.—So of the entrance-room in the dwelling of the gods: dextrā laevāque deorum Atria nobilium (as it were clients,
v. supra) valvis celebrantur apertis, Ov. M. 1, 172; Stat. Th. 1, 197.—
II In temples and other public buildings there was often an atrium, a hall, court: in atrio Libertatis, Cic. Mil. 22, 59; Liv. 25, 7; 45, 15; Tac. H. 1, 31; Suet. Aug. 29: Vestae, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 2; also called atrium regium, Liv. 26, 27; cf. Ov. F. 6, 263; id. Tr. 3, 1, 30: atrium tabernaculi, Vulg. Exod. 27, 9; ib. Lev. 6, 26: in atriis Domūs Dei, ib. Psa. 91, 14; 134, 2; Smith, Dict. Antiq.—So atrium auctionarium, an auction-hall, auction-room, Cic. Agr. 1, 3; so Inscr. Orell. 3439; and absol., atria: cum desertis Aganippes Vallibus esuriens migraret in atria Clio, Juv. 7, 7. Such halls were the Atria Licinia, Cic. Quinct. 6, 25: ATRIVM SVTORIVM, the shoemakers' hall, a place in Rome, Calend. Praenest. Inscr. Orell. II. 386.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
ātrĭum,¹⁰ ĭī, n. (ater), atrium, salle d’entrée : Cic. Q. 3, 1, 2 ; Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31 ; Plin. 34, 55, cf. Serv. En. 1, 726 || [poét.] la maison elle-même : Ov. H. 16, 184 ; M. 13, 968 || salle d’entrée dans la demeure des dieux : Ov. M. 1, 172 ; Stat. Th. 1, 197 || portique d’un temple : Cic. Mil. 59 ; Liv. 26, 27, 3 ; Plin. Min. Ep. 7, 19, 2 || atria auctionaria Cic. Agr. 1, 7, salle des ventes.
Latin > German (Georges)
ātrium, ī, n. (vgl. αἴθριος, ὑπαίθριος), das Atrium, in den altital. ländlichen Wohnungen eine vom Rauche des Kaminfeuers geschwärzte Stube (noch heute in den kleinrussischen Häusern ähnl. »die schwarze Stube« gen.); später der erste oder vorderste und zugleich der größte bedeckte Saal des Hauses, die Halle, Vitr. 6, 5 (8), 3. Quint. 11, 2, 20: atria minora ac maiora, Vitr. 6, 5 (8), 5. – Daß das Atrium aus einem bedeckten Raume bestand und nicht mit cavaedium gleichbedeutend sein kann, erhellt hinreichend aus seiner Bestimmung u. den hier getriebenen Beschäftigungen. Im Atrium stand das Braut- u. Ehebett (lectus genialis od. adversus, sc. ianuae), s. Schmid Hor. ep. 1, 1, 87. – Hier waren die Ahnenbilder (imagines od. expressi cerā vultus) aufgestellt, Sen. de ben. 3, 28, 1. Iuven. 8, 19 sq. Mart. 2, 90, 6. Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; auch andere Gemälde aufgehängt, Plin. 34, 55. – Hier beschäftigte sich die Hausfrau nebst ihrer weiblichen Umgebung mit Weben und ähnlicher Arbeit, Arnob. 2, 67. – Im Atrium pflegte man in den ältesten Zeiten das Mahl einzunehmen, Cato fr. bei Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 726; es war übh. der Sammelplatz der Familie. – Hier erwarteten die Klienten den Patronus u. den Jurisconsultus, Hor. ep. 1, 5, 31. Iuven. 7, 7 u. 91: hi non in foro nec in consultorum atrio, sed in Pythagorae tacito illo sanctoque secessu iura didicerunt, Sen. ep. 90, 6. – Auch bei öffentlichen Gebäuden gab es atria, atrium publicum in Capitolio, Liv. 24, 10, 9: Palatii atrium, Serv. Verg. Aen. 11, 235: atrium sutorium, Fasti Praen. Mart. 23 (Corp. inscr. Lat. 1. p. 315): atria auctionaria, Cic. agr. 1, 7. Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 3307; dgl. die Atria Licinia sein mochten, Cic. Quinct. 25; bl. Atria gen. b. Iuven. 7, 7. – Bes. hatten die Tempel ein Atrium, wie atrium Libertatis (am Forum, Cic. ad Att. 4, 16, 14, doch auch eine aedes Libertatis auf dem Aventinus, Liv. 24, 10 extr.), u. dort war das Archiv der Zensoren (Liv. 43, 16, 13), dort wurden Kriminaluntersuchungen vorgenommen (Cic. Mil. 59), Losungen abgehalten (Liv. 45, 15, 5), Gesetze angeheftet (Fest. p. 241a, 31), dort war auch die von Asinius Pollio angelegte Bibliothek aufgestellt (Ov. trist. 3, 1, 71). – atrium Vestae, der Aufenthalt der Vestalinnen, am südwestlichen Ende des Forums, am Fuße des Mons Palatinus gelegen, Ov. fast. 6, 263. Plin. ep. 7, 19, 2; dass. atrium regium, Liv. 26, 27, 3. – / Bei Dichtern häufig der Plur. atria = Sing. atrium, u. wegen der Größe u. Pracht genannt ampla (Verg. Aen. 1, 725), longa (ibid. 2, 483), alta (ibid. 4, 665). regalia (Ov. met. 5, 3), marmore tecta (ibid. 14, 260). – Ebenso Plur. meton. für »Wohnungen der Reichen, Paläste«, atria divitis Crassi, Varr. sat. Men. 36: atria duo Maenium et Titium, Liv. 39, 44, 7: plebis aedificiis obseratis, patentibus atriis principum, Liv. 5, 41, 7; u. poet. für »eine Wohnung, ein Haus«, Ov. her. 15 (16), 184. Ov. met. 13, 968 u. s. – u. von den »Hallen« der Götter, Ov. met. 1, 172. Stat. Theb. 1, 197.
