frater

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

frāter: tris, m. Sanscr. bhrātā; Gr. φράτηρ, φράτωρ, clansman; Goth. brothar; Engl. brother,
I a brother.
I Lit.: frater mi, salve, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 58; cf.: mi frater, mi frater, mi frater, tune id veritus es? etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1: amabo te, mi frater, ne, etc., id. ib. 1, 4, 1: L. frater meus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 11, § 25: uxores habent inter se communes: et maxime fratres cum fratribus, Caes. B. G. 5, 14, 4; cf.: fratrem a fratre renuntiatum, id. ib. 7, 33, 3: et filius et fratris filius, id. ib. 5, 27, 2: fratris filia, Plin. Ep. 8, 11, 1: fratres gemini, twin-brothers, Cic. Clu. 16, 46; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 41: fratres gemelli, Ov. H. 8, 77; also in the reverse order: gemini fratres, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 90; Liv. 1, 5, 6; Suet. Caes. 10; Verg. A. 7, 670; Ov. H. 17, 250 (and therefore wrongly censured by Quint.: quaedam ordine permutato fiunt supervacua, ut fratres gemini: nam si praecesserint gemini, fratres addere non est necesse, Quint. 9, 4, 24).— Also in sing.: To. Hic ejus geminus est frater. Do. Hiccine'st? To. Ac geminissimus. Do. Di deaeque et te et geminum fratrem excrucient, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 49 sq.: venimus fratrem quaesitum geminum germanum meum, my full twin-brother, id. Men. 2, 1, 7; cf.: spes mihi est, vos inventuros fratres germanos duos Geminos, una matre natos et patre uno uno die, id. ib. 5, 9, 43: Cn. Phaenius ... frater germanus Q. Titinii, full brother, own brother, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 128; id. Font. 17, 36: fratres uterini, brothers by the same mother, uterine brothers, Cod. Just. 5, 62, 21: fratribus illa (templa) deis fratres de gente deorum Circa Juturnae composuere lacus, the brothers of a race of gods (Tiberius and Drusus), descended from the divine brothers (Castor and Pollux), Ov. F. 1, 707.—Of the giants: fratresque tendentes opaco Pelion imposuisse Olympo, Hor. C. 3, 4, 51: conjurati fratres, Verg. G. 1, 280.—Poet. of dogs: et Thous et Cyprio velox cum fratre Lycisca, Ov. M. 3, 220; Grat. Cyneg. 299.
II Transf.
   A Like our word brother, as a familiar appellation of friends and lovers.
   1    In gen.: quam copiose laudatur Apronius a Timarchide ... Volo, mi frater, fraterculo tuo credas: consorti quidem in lucris atque in furtis, gemino et simillimo nequitia, improbitate, audacia, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66, § 155: frater, pater, adde: Ut cuique est aetas, ita quemque facetus adopta, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 54: frater erat Romae consulti rhetor, id. ib. 2, 2, 87: eheu cicatricum et sceleris pudet Fratrumque, i. e. of dear fellow-citizens, id. C. 1, 35, 34; Juv. 5, 135; cf. Phaedr. 1, 31, 5.—So freq. of civil wars: gaudent perfusi sanguine fratrum, Verg. G. 2, 510: crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratrum, Lucr. 3, 70.—
   2    In partic.
   a Of lovers: nisi intercederent mihi inimicitiae cum istius mulieris viro: fratre volui dicere: semper hic erro, Cic. Cael. 13, 32; cf. Tib. 3, 1, 23; Mart. 2, 4, 3; 10, 65, 14 (cf. soror); Petr. 9, 2.—
   b In publicists' lang., an honorary title given to allies: Aedui, fratres consanguineique saepenumero a senatu appellati, Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 2; 2, 3, 5: non modo hostes, sed etiam fratres nostri Aedui, Cic. Fam. 7, 10 fin.: Aedui fratres nostri pugnant, id. Att. 1, 19, 2 (cf. fraternitas). —
   B Fratres for brother and sister (as also the Gr. ἀδελφοί): Lucius et Titia fratres emancipati a patre, Dig. 10, 2, 38: tres fratres, Titius, Naevius et Seia, ib. 2, 14, 35: fratrum incestus, amor, Tac. A. 12, 4: INFANTIBVS HILARIONI ET REVOCATAE FRATRIBVS, Inscr. Orell. 4583.—
   C Like Gr. ἀδελφός, of near kindred.
   1    Frater patruelis, a cousin, a father's brother's son: hic illius frater patruelis et socer T. Torquatus, Cic. Planc. 11, 27; cf.: L. Cicero frater noster, cognatione patruelis, amore germanus, id. Fin. 5, 1, 1; cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1, § 10; for which simply frater, Cic. Clu. 24, 60; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; Cat. 66, 22; Ov. H. 8, 28; id. M. 13, 31; Tac. A. 3, 38; 11, 9; Just. 17, 3; Cic. Post Red. in Sen. 10, 25.—
   2    Perh. also for levir (cf. the Fr. beaufrère), a brother-in-law, sister's husband: prope attonitus ipso congressu Numida, gratias de fratris filio remisso agit, Liv. 28, 35, 8 (cf. id. 27, 19, 9).—
   D Fratres Arvales, a college of priests; v. arvalis.—
   E Frater Solis et Lunae, the title of the Parthian kings, Amm. 17, 5; 23, 5.—
   F Of things of a like kind (so, too, the Gr. ὰδελφός; cf. also soror): aspicies illic positos ex ordine fratres (i. e. libros), Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 107; so Mart. 12, 3, 6.—As a proper name: (In Mauretania) montes sunt alti, qui ... ob numerum Septem, ob similitudinem Fratres nuncupantur, Mel. 1, 5, 5; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 18; Sol. 25 (in Ptolemy, Ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί; cf. Mann. Afr. 2, p. 459).

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

frāter,⁶ tris, m. (φράτηρ), frère : mi frater Cic. Q. 1, 3, 1, mon cher frère ; fratres gemini Cic. Clu. 46, frères jumeaux ; germanus Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 128, frère germain [de père et de mère] ; patruelis Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, cousin, ou frater seul Verr. 2, 4, 145 ; fratres uterini Cod. Just. 5, 62, 21, frères utérins [de mère] ; dii fratres Ov. F. 1, 707, Castor et Pollux || fratres, le frère et la sœur : Tac. Ann. 12, 4 || [terme d’amitié] : Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 155 || frères, alliés : Cæs. G. 1, 33, 2 ; Cic. Att. 1, 19, 2 || prêtre d’un même collège : Varro L. 5, 85 ; P. Fest. 5 ; Plin. 18, 6 ; Solis et Lunæ Amm. 17, 5, frère du Soleil et de la Lune [titre que prenaient les rois de Perse] || [appellation d’objets qui se ressemblent] : [montagnes] Mela 1, 29 ; Plin. 5, 18 ; [livres rangés ensemble] Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 107.

Latin > German (Georges)

frāter, tris, m. (altindisch tar-, griech. φράτηρ, Mitglied einer φρατρία, d.h. Sippe, ahd. bruoder), der Bruder, I) eig.: frater meus, Cic.: filius et fratris filius, Caes.: frater et soror, Nep., fratres sororesque, Sen.: uxor fratris, Schwägerin, Liv.: uxoris u. tuae uxoris frater, Schwager, Suet. u. Cic.: fratris filia, Nichte Sen.: consulis frater matre eādem genitus, leiblicher Br., Liv.: hic eius geminus est frater, Zwillingsbruder, Plaut.: u. so fratres gemini, Cic., od. (poet.) gemelli, Ov., Zwillingsbrüder: germanus, leiblicher Bruder, der dieselben Eltern, wenigstens den gleichen Vater hat, Cic.: fratres uterini, Brüder von einer Mutter, Cod. Iust. 5, 62, 21: dii fratres, Suet, od. fratres gemini, Ov., Kastor u. Pollux. – v. Hunden, Ov. met. 3, 220. Gratt. cyn. 299. – II) übtr.: A) fratres, Geschwister, Bruder u. Schwester, wie ἀδελφοί, Tac., Eutr. u. ICt.: decem quidam fratres fuerunt, quorum septem sunt mares, duo feminae, Augustin. – B) das Geschwisterkind, der Vetter, wie ἀδελφός, a) frater patruelis, der Vaters-Bruderssohn, Cic. Planc. 27; vgl. Cic. de fin. 5, 1 (L. Cicero frater noster, cognatione patruelis, amore germanus) u. Liv. 35, 10, 8 (pro fratre germano, non patrueli se petere aiebat). – u. im Zshg. gew. (wie ἀδελφός) bl. frater, Cic. Clu. 60. Cic. ad Att. 1, 5, 1. Ov. her. 8, 28. Ov. met. 13, 31 u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 35, 10, 9. Ruperti Tac. ann. 3, 38, 1). – b) der Mutter-Schwestersohn, Cic. post red. in sen. 25. – c) der Schwestermann, Schwager, Liv. 28, 35, 8. – C) Bruder, als Liebkosungswort, a) = Freund, Timarch. b. Cic. Verr. 3, 155. Hor. ep. 1, 6, 54 u.a.: v. Tieren, salve, frater! Phaedr. 1, 31, 5 (der Esel zum Eber). – dah. frater als publiz. Ehrenname der Bundesgenossen, Caes., Cic. u.a. – b) = Geliebter, Petron. 9, 2 u.a. – D) fratres, wie ἀδελφοί, Brüder, von zusammengehörigen, gleichartigen Dingen, v. Bergen, Mela u. Plin.: positi ex ordine fratres, v. Schriften, Ov.: o nummi... vos estis fratres, Iuven. – / vulg. Genet. Plur. fratruum, Itala (Wirc.) Ierem. 41 (48), 8. – eine falsche Form ist fratrium, Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 4430.