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ἐτεός: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

Χρὴ τῶν ἀγαθῶν διακναιομένων πενθεῖν ὅστις χρηστὸς ἀπ' ἀρχῆς νενόμισται → When a good man is hurt, all who would be called good must suffer with him

Euripides, Alcestis, 109-11
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{{etym
{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[true]], [[real]], mostly in sing. n. <b class="b3">ἐτεόν</b> (<b class="b3">ἐτεά</b> pl. Υ 255, reading quite uncertain); also as adv. [[really]] (Hom., Theoc.); in question-sentences [[really]] (Ar.); <b class="b3">ἐτεῃ̃</b> adv. <b class="b2">in reality</b>, also nom. <b class="b3">ἐτεή</b> f. [[reality]] (Democr.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. PN [[etewokereweijo]] from <b class="b3">Ε᾽τεϜοκλέϜης</b>.<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member in names like <b class="b3">Ἐτεό-κρητες</b> pl. <b class="b2">Kreter stricto sensu, original Cretans</b> (τ 176; cf. Risch IF 59, 25), <b class="b3">Ἐτε-άνωρ</b> (Thera VIIa), <b class="b3">ἘτέϜ-ανδρος</b> (Kypros VIIa), cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 185 and 199; <b class="b3">Ἐτεο-κλῆς</b> (Tegea etc.; rendered in Hitt. <b class="b2">Tau̯ag(a)lau̯aš</b>; cf. Schwyzer 79); also <b class="b3">ἐτεό-κριθος</b> f. <b class="b2">real κριθή</b> (Thphr.; determinative comp. formally adapted to a bahuvrihi; vgl. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 28f.).<br />Derivatives: Beside it <b class="b3">ἔτυμος</b> [[true]], [[real]] (Il.; prose has <b class="b3">ἀληθής</b>) with <b class="b3">ἐτυμό-δρυς</b> f. <b class="b2">real oak</b> (Thphr.); <b class="b3">τὸ ἔτυμον</b> <b class="b2">the true (original) meaning of a wod, the etymology</b> (Arist.); as 1. member in <b class="b3">ἐτυμο-λογέω</b> <b class="b2">discover the true meaning</b> with <b class="b3">ἐτυμολογία</b>, <b class="b3">-λογικός</b> (hell.; formally after <b class="b3">ψευδο-λογέω</b> a. o.; cf. Schwyzer 726); <b class="b3">ἐτυμό-της</b> = <b class="b3">τὸ ἔτυμον</b> (Str.). - Expressive reduplicated formation with rhythmical lengthening of the original first syllable <b class="b3">ἐτήτυμος</b> [[true]], [[real]], [[authentic]] (Il.); the form remains surprising (cf. Schwyzer 447 n. 2; diff. Bq s. <b class="b3">ἐτά</b>) with <b class="b3">ἐτητυμία</b> (Call., AP ). Lengthened form <b class="b3">ἐτυμώνιον ἀληθές</b> H.; cf. Chantraine Formation 42f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [??] <b class="b2">*set-</b> <b class="b2">stable, true?</b><br />Etymology: For the ending cf. <b class="b3">κενε(Ϝ)ός</b> [[empty]], [[idle]]; so <b class="b3">ἐτε(Ϝ)ός</b> supposes a diphthongal <b class="b2">u-</b>stem, of which the zero grade is seen in the enlarged <b class="b3">ἔτυ-μος</b> (pattern?); beside this <b class="b2">u-</b>stem <b class="b3">ἐτάζω</b>, <b class="b3">ἐτά ἀληθῆ</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγαθά</b> H. seem to point to an <b class="b2">o-</b>stem. - Further analysis uncertain; s. [[ἐτάζω]]. On the history of <b class="b3">ἐτεός</b> etc. Frisk GHÅ 41 (1935) : 3, 15ff. - De Lamberterie, RPh 71 (1997)160, follows Meillet in assuming <b class="b2">*set-u-</b> (supposed in Arm. [[stoyg]] [[real]]); he further connects [[ὅσιος]] (s.v.) from <b class="b2">*sot-</b>.
|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[true]], [[real]], mostly in sing. n. <b class="b3">ἐτεόν</b> (<b class="b3">ἐτεά</b> pl. Υ 255, reading quite uncertain); also as adv. [[really]] (Hom., Theoc.); in question-sentences [[really]] (Ar.); <b class="b3">ἐτεῃ̃</b> adv. <b class="b2">in reality</b>, also nom. <b class="b3">ἐτεή</b> f. [[reality]] (Democr.).<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. PN [[etewokereweijo]] from <b class="b3">Ε᾽τεϜοκλέϜης</b>.<br />Compounds: Often as 1. member in names like <b class="b3">Ἐτεό-κρητες</b> pl. <b class="b2">Kreter stricto sensu, original Cretans</b> (τ 176; cf. Risch IF 59, 25), <b class="b3">Ἐτε-άνωρ</b> (Thera VIIa), <b class="b3">ἘτέϜ-ανδρος</b> (Kypros VIIa), cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 185 and 199; <b class="b3">Ἐτεο-κλῆς</b> (Tegea etc.; rendered in Hitt. <b class="b2">Tau̯ag(a)lau̯aš</b>; cf. Schwyzer 79); also <b class="b3">ἐτεό-κριθος</b> f. <b class="b2">real κριθή</b> (Thphr.; determinative comp. formally adapted to a bahuvrihi; vgl. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 28f.).<br />Derivatives: Beside it <b class="b3">ἔτυμος</b> [[true]], [[real]] (Il.; prose has <b class="b3">ἀληθής</b>) with <b class="b3">ἐτυμό-δρυς</b> f. <b class="b2">real oak</b> (Thphr.); <b class="b3">τὸ ἔτυμον</b> <b class="b2">the true (original) meaning of a wod, the etymology</b> (Arist.); as 1. member in <b class="b3">ἐτυμο-λογέω</b> <b class="b2">discover the true meaning</b> with <b class="b3">ἐτυμολογία</b>, <b class="b3">-λογικός</b> (hell.; formally after <b class="b3">ψευδο-λογέω</b> a. o.; cf. Schwyzer 726); <b class="b3">ἐτυμό-της</b> = <b class="b3">τὸ ἔτυμον</b> (Str.). - Expressive reduplicated formation with rhythmical lengthening of the original first syllable <b class="b3">ἐτήτυμος</b> [[true]], [[real]], [[authentic]] (Il.); the form remains surprising (cf. Schwyzer 447 n. 2; diff. Bq s. <b class="b3">ἐτά</b>) with <b class="b3">ἐτητυμία</b> (Call., AP ). Lengthened form <b class="b3">ἐτυμώνιον ἀληθές</b> H.; cf. Chantraine Formation 42f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [??] <b class="b2">*set-</b> <b class="b2">stable, true?</b><br />Etymology: For the ending cf. <b class="b3">κενε(Ϝ)ός</b> [[empty]], [[idle]]; so <b class="b3">ἐτε(Ϝ)ός</b> supposes a diphthongal <b class="b2">u-</b>stem, of which the zero grade is seen in the enlarged <b class="b3">ἔτυ-μος</b> (pattern?); beside this <b class="b2">u-</b>stem <b class="b3">ἐτάζω</b>, <b class="b3">ἐτά ἀληθῆ</b>, <b class="b3">ἀγαθά</b> H. seem to point to an <b class="b2">o-</b>stem. - Further analysis uncertain; s. [[ἐτάζω]]. On the history of <b class="b3">ἐτεός</b> etc. Frisk GHÅ 41 (1935) : 3, 15ff. - De Lamberterie, RPh 71 (1997)160, follows Meillet in assuming <b class="b2">*set-u-</b> (supposed in Arm. [[stoyg]] [[real]]); he further connects [[ὅσιος]] (s.v.) from <b class="b2">*sot-</b>.
}}
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=![[ἐτεός]], ή, όν<br /><b class="num">I.</b> true, [[real]], [[genuine]], Hom.; ἐτεὸν μαντεύεται prophesies [[truth]], Il.; ὡς ἐτεόν περ as the [[truth]] is, Hom.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> ἐτεόν as adv., in [[truth]], [[really]], [[verily]], Lat. [[revera]], Hom.; [[rightly]], Theocr.:—[[attic]] as an interrog., often in [[iron]]. [[sense]], [[really]]? [[indeed]]? so? Lat. [[itane]]? Ar.
}}
}}

Revision as of 22:40, 9 January 2019

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἐτεός Medium diacritics: ἐτεός Low diacritics: ετεός Capitals: ΕΤΕΟΣ
Transliteration A: eteós Transliteration B: eteos Transliteration C: eteos Beta Code: e)teo/s

English (LSJ)

ά, όν (not found in masc.),

   A true, genuine, πόλλ' ἐτεά Il.20.255; ἢ ἐτεὸν Κάλχας μαντεύεται 2.300; εἰ ἐτεόν περ whether it be true indeed, 14.125; εἰ δή ῥ' ἐ. γε καὶ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύεις 15.53.    II ἐτεόν, as Adv., in truth, verily, εἰπέ μοι εἰ ἐ. γε φίλην ἐς πατρίδ' ἱκάνω Od.13.328, cf.Il.8.423; εἰ ἐ. . . μιμνῄσκομαι rightly, Theoc.25.173.    2 in Ar. (not in other Com.) interrog., really, indeed, οὐκ ἀκούσεσθ' ἐ. . . ; Ach.322, cf. 609; ἐ. ἡγεῖ γὰρ θεούς; Eq.32, cf. 733; in asking for information, τί οὖν τοῦτ' ἐστὶν ἐ.; Nu.93, cf. V.8; τί δὲ τοῦτ' ἐγέλασας ἐ.; Nu.820; cf. ἐτός (B).    3 fem., ἐτεή, ἡ, reality, [ἄνθρωπος] ἐτεῆς ἀπήλλακται Democr.6; dat. ἐτεῇ, as Adv., in reality, νόμῳ γλυκύ, νόμῳ πικρόν, ἐτεῇ δ' ἄτομα καὶ κενόν Id.125; ἐ. οὐδὲν ἴσμεν Id.7.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1047] ά, όν, wahr, wirklich; nur im neutr., πόλλ' ἐτεά Il. 20, 255, meist ἐτεόν, adverbial, in Wahrheit, in Wirklichkeit, Hom. u. sp. D.; εἰ ἐτεόν γε, wenn anders wirklich, oft bei Hom., vgl. Spitzner zu Il. 14, 125, wo auch Beispiele der späteren Dichter beigebracht sind; εἰ ἐτεόν περ ἐγὼ μιμνήσκομαι, wenn ich mich anders recht erinnere, Theocr. 25, 173; ὡς ἐτεόν περ, Ap. Rh. 1, 763; vgl. Spitzner a. a. O.; – der Wahrheit gemäß, wahrhaft, μαντεύεσθαι, Il. 2, 300; καὶ ἀτρεκέως Il. 15, 53. – Bei Ar. oft in ironischen Fragen, wirklich? in der That? im Ernst? ἐτεόν, ἡγεῖ γὰρ θεούς; Eq. 32; τί δὲ τοῦτ' ἐγέλασας ἐτεόν, Nubb. 820, so! ich möchte doch wissen, was du lachtest. S. auch ἐτεῇ.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἐτεός: -ά, -όν, (Ἐκ τῆς √ΕΤ παράγονται ὡσαύτως αἱ λέξεις ἔτυμος, ἐτάζω· πρβλ. Σανσκ. sat-yas, (ἀληθὴς), sat-yam, (ἀλήθεια)· Παλαιο-Σκανδ. sann-r, Ἀγγλο-Σαξονικ. sóth (sooth)): - ἀληθής, πραγματικός, γνήσιος, πόλλ’ ἐτεὰ Ἰλ. Υ. 255· ἢ ἐτεὸν Κάλχας μαντεύεται, εἰ ἀληθὲς…, Α. 300· τὰ δὲ μέλλετ’ ἀκουέμεν, εἰ ἐτεόν περ Ξ. 125· καὶ συχνότερον (μάλιστα ἐν Ὀδ.), εἰ ἐτεόν γε, εἰ πράγματι ἔχει οὕτω, πρβλ, Spitzn. Ἰλ, Ξ. 125. ΙΙ. ἐτεόν, ὡς ἐπίρρ., κατ’ ἀλήθειαν, πράγματι, ἀληθῶς, Λατ. revera, εἰπέ μοι, εἰ ἐτεόν γε φίλην ἐς πατρίδ’ ἱκάνω Ὀδ. Ν. 328, πρβλ, Ἰλ, Θ. 423· εἰ δή ῥ’ ἐτεόν γε καὶ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύεις Ο. 53· εἰ ἐτεόν… μιμνήσκομαι, ὀρθῶς, Θεόκρ. 25. 173. 2) παρ’ Ἀριστοφ. ἀείποτε ὡς ἐρώτ., πράγματι; ἀληθῶς; οὐκ ἀκούσεσθ’ ἐτεόν...; Ἀχ. 322, πρβλ. 609· ἐτεὸν ἡγεῖ γὰρ θεούς; Ἱππ. 32, πρβλ. 732· τί οὖν τοῦτ’ ἐστὶν ἐτεόν; Νεφέλ.93· τί τοῦτ’ ἐγέλασας ἐτεόν; αὐτόθι 820, πρβλ. 1502· ὡσαύτως ἐπὶ εἰρωνικῆς σημασίας, ἐτεόν; ὡς τὸ: ἄληθες; «ἀλήθεια;», Λατ. itane? Ὄρν. 393· πρβλ. ἀληθὴς ΙΙΙ, 2, καὶ ἴδε ἔτος (ἐπίρρ.). - Tο ἀρσενικὸν δεν ἀπαντᾷ· τὸ δὲ θηλ. μόνον ὡς ἐπίρρ. ἐτεῇ, ὃ ἴδε, Ἰω. Ἀλεξ. ἐν τονικ. παραγγέλμ. σ. 29. 5, ἀναφέρει ὡσαύτως ἐτά· ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐτός…, ὡς «ἐτὰ Τημενίδος χρύσεον γένος», καὶ παρ’ Ἡσυχ. φέρεται «ἐτά· ἀληθῆ, ἀγαθά».

French (Bailly abrégé)

ά, όν :
vrai, réel;
1 rar. adj. πόλλ’ ἐτεά IL beaucoup de choses vraies ; d’ord. seul. au neutre : ἐτεὸν μαντεύεσθαι IL faire des prédictions vraies ; ἐτεὸν ἀγορεύειν IL dire la vérité;
2 adv. au neutre • ἐτεόν vraiment, en vérité.
Étymologie: cf. ἔτυμος.

English (Autenrieth)

true, real; νεικεῖν πόλλ' ἐτεά τε καὶ οὐχί, ‘reproaches true and untrue,’ Il. 20.255; elsewhere only ἐτεόν, the truth or truly; εἰ δή ἐτεόν γε καὶ ἀτρεκέως ἀγορεύεις, Il. 15.53, and freq. εἰ ἐτεόν γε (sc. ἐστί), Il. 14.125, Od. 3.122.

Greek Monolingual

ἐτεός, -ή, -όν (Α)
1. πραγματικός, αληθινός («εἰ ἐτεὸν Κάλχας μαντεύεται ἠὲ καὶ οὐκί», Ομ. Ιλ.)
2. το θηλ. ως ουσ. ἡ ἐτεή
η πραγματικότητα
3. (η δοτ. θηλ. ως επίρρ.) ἐτεῇ
πράγματι, αληθινά
4. φρ. «εἰ ἐτεόν γε» — αν πράγματι έτσι συμβαίνει.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Άγνωστης ετυμολ. Οπωσδήποτε η λ. συνδέεται με τους τ. ετά (πληθ. του επιθ. ετός), ετάζω. Η παραγωγή από αμάρτυρο ουσ. ε-τύς δεν είναι πειστική. Το επίθημα του τ. ετε(F)ός πιθ. αναλογικά προς το αντίθετό του κενε(F)ός, κεν(F)ός].

Greek Monotonic

ἐτεός: -ά, -όν,
I. αληθινός, πραγματικός, γνήσιος, σε Όμηρ.· ἐτεὸν μαντεύεται, εάν είναι αληθινές οι προφητείες, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ὡς ἐτεόν περ, όπως είναι έτσι πραγματικά, σε Όμηρ.
II. ἐτεόν, ως επίρρ., αληθώς, πράγματι, πραγματικά, αληθινά, όντως, Λατ. revera, στον ίδ.· ορθώς, σε Θεόκρ.· στην Αττ., ως ερώτηση, συχνά με ειρωνική διάθεση, πράγματι; όντως; ώστε έτσι; αλήθεια; Λατ. itane? σε Αριστοφ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἐτεός: истинный, верный: ἐτεά τε καὶ οὐκί Hom. верное и неверное, правда и ложь - см. тж. ἐτεόν и ἐτεῇ.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: true, real, mostly in sing. n. ἐτεόν (ἐτεά pl. Υ 255, reading quite uncertain); also as adv. really (Hom., Theoc.); in question-sentences really (Ar.); ἐτεῃ̃ adv. in reality, also nom. ἐτεή f. reality (Democr.).
Dialectal forms: Myc. PN etewokereweijo from Ε᾽τεϜοκλέϜης.
Compounds: Often as 1. member in names like Ἐτεό-κρητες pl. Kreter stricto sensu, original Cretans (τ 176; cf. Risch IF 59, 25), Ἐτε-άνωρ (Thera VIIa), ἘτέϜ-ανδρος (Kypros VIIa), cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 185 and 199; Ἐτεο-κλῆς (Tegea etc.; rendered in Hitt. Tau̯ag(a)lau̯aš; cf. Schwyzer 79); also ἐτεό-κριθος f. real κριθή (Thphr.; determinative comp. formally adapted to a bahuvrihi; vgl. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 28f.).
Derivatives: Beside it ἔτυμος true, real (Il.; prose has ἀληθής) with ἐτυμό-δρυς f. real oak (Thphr.); τὸ ἔτυμον the true (original) meaning of a wod, the etymology (Arist.); as 1. member in ἐτυμο-λογέω discover the true meaning with ἐτυμολογία, -λογικός (hell.; formally after ψευδο-λογέω a. o.; cf. Schwyzer 726); ἐτυμό-της = τὸ ἔτυμον (Str.). - Expressive reduplicated formation with rhythmical lengthening of the original first syllable ἐτήτυμος true, real, authentic (Il.); the form remains surprising (cf. Schwyzer 447 n. 2; diff. Bq s. ἐτά) with ἐτητυμία (Call., AP ). Lengthened form ἐτυμώνιον ἀληθές H.; cf. Chantraine Formation 42f.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [??] *set- stable, true?
Etymology: For the ending cf. κενε(Ϝ)ός empty, idle; so ἐτε(Ϝ)ός supposes a diphthongal u-stem, of which the zero grade is seen in the enlarged ἔτυ-μος (pattern?); beside this u-stem ἐτάζω, ἐτά ἀληθῆ, ἀγαθά H. seem to point to an o-stem. - Further analysis uncertain; s. ἐτάζω. On the history of ἐτεός etc. Frisk GHÅ 41 (1935) : 3, 15ff. - De Lamberterie, RPh 71 (1997)160, follows Meillet in assuming *set-u- (supposed in Arm. stoyg real); he further connects ὅσιος (s.v.) from *sot-.

Middle Liddell

!ἐτεός, ή, όν
I. true, real, genuine, Hom.; ἐτεὸν μαντεύεται prophesies truth, Il.; ὡς ἐτεόν περ as the truth is, Hom.
II. ἐτεόν as adv., in truth, really, verily, Lat. revera, Hom.; rightly, Theocr.:—attic as an interrog., often in iron. sense, really? indeed? so? Lat. itane? Ar.