τάφρος: Difference between revisions

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λόγῳ ἀναλίσκω τὸν χρόνον τῆς ἡμέρας → waste the day in idle talk, consume the duration of the day with talk

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===[[trench]]===
===[[trench]]===
Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎; Armenian: խրամատ; Basque: lubaki; Belarusian: траншэя, роў, канава, акоп; Bulgarian: изкоп, канавка; Catalan: trinxera; Chinese Mandarin: 壕溝, 壕沟, 戰壕, 战壕; Czech: příkop, výkop, zákop, rýha, brázda; Danish: grøft; Dutch: [[geul]], [[sloot]], [[greppel]]; Esperanto: fosaĵo; Finnish: oja; French: [[tranchée]], [[fossé]]; Galician: trincheira, gabia, foxo; Georgian: თხრილი, ტრანშეა; German: [[Graben]]; Greek: [[χαράκωμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[τάφρος]]; Hebrew: תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई; Hungarian: árok; Ido: trancheo; Indonesian: palung; Italian: [[fosso]], [[trincea]], [[fossato]]; Japanese: 塹壕, トレンチ, 溝; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 참호(塹壕), 트렌치; Lao: ຄູ, ຮ່ອງ; Latin: [[fossa]], [[scrobis]]; Macedonian: ров; Malay: parit, jurang; Norman: tranchie; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Persian: ترانشه‎; Polish: okop, rów; Portuguese: [[fosso]]; Romanian: tranșee, fosă; Russian: [[траншея]], [[окоп]], [[ров]], [[канава]]; Scottish Gaelic: trainnse, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀пкоп, ро̏в, јарак; Roman: òpkop, rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, výkop, zákop; Slovene: jarek, rov; Spanish: [[trinchera]]; Swahili: mtaro, handaki; Swedish: dike, fåra, ränna; Tagalog: trintsera; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: కందకము; Thai: คู, ร่อง; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek, siper; Ukrainian: траншея, окоп, окі́п, рів, канава; Vietnamese: hào; Welsh: ffos
Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎; Armenian: խրամատ; Basque: lubaki; Belarusian: траншэя, роў, канава, акоп; Bulgarian: изкоп, канавка; Catalan: trinxera; Chinese Mandarin: 壕溝, 壕沟, 戰壕, 战壕; Czech: příkop, výkop, zákop, rýha, brázda; Danish: grøft; Dutch: [[geul]], [[sloot]], [[greppel]]; Esperanto: fosaĵo; Finnish: oja; French: [[tranchée]], [[fossé]]; Galician: trincheira, gabia, foxo; Georgian: თხრილი, ტრანშეა; German: [[Graben]]; Greek: [[χαράκωμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[τάφρος]]; Hebrew: תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई; Hungarian: árok; Ido: trancheo; Indonesian: palung; Italian: [[fosso]], [[trincea]], [[fossato]]; Japanese: 塹壕, トレンチ, 溝; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 참호(塹壕), 트렌치; Lao: ຄູ, ຮ່ອງ; Latin: [[fossa]], [[scrobis]]; Macedonian: ров; Malay: parit, jurang; Norman: tranchie; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Persian: ترانشه‎; Polish: okop, rów; Portuguese: [[fosso]]; Romanian: tranșee, fosă; Russian: [[траншея]], [[окоп]], [[ров]], [[канава]]; Scottish Gaelic: trainnse, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀пкоп, ро̏в, јарак; Roman: òpkop, rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, výkop, zákop; Slovene: jarek, rov; Spanish: [[trinchera]]; Swahili: mtaro, handaki; Swedish: dike, fåra, ränna; Tagalog: trintsera; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: కందకము; Thai: คู, ร่อง; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek, siper; Ukrainian: траншея, окоп, окі́п, рів, канава; Vietnamese: hào; Welsh: ffos
}}
{{lxth
|lthtxt=''[[fossa]]'', [[ditch]], [[trench]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.78.1/ 2.78.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.22.1/ 3.22.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.23.2/ 3.23.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%203.23.3/ 3.23.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.4.1/ 3.4.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.5.1/ 3.5.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.24.1/ 3.24.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%203.24.2/ 3.24.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.67.3/ 4.67.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.69.2/ 4.69.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.90.2/ 4.90.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.101.2/ 6.101.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.101.3/ 6.101.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.101.3/ 6.101.3][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.6.1/ 6.6.1].
}}
}}

Revision as of 14:43, 16 November 2024

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: τάφρος Medium diacritics: τάφρος Low diacritics: τάφρος Capitals: ΤΑΦΡΟΣ
Transliteration A: táphros Transliteration B: taphros Transliteration C: tafros Beta Code: ta/fros

English (LSJ)

ἡ, ditch, trench, freq. in Il. (once in Od., 21.120); τάφρον ὀρύξομεν Il.7.341, cf. IG12.94.21,34, Th.2.78, al.; ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν drew a trench, Il.7.449, cf. Hdt.4.3, Alcid.Od.5, etc.; τάφρων ὕπερ over the trenches, S.Aj.1279, cf. Aen.Tact.37.3, al., OGI90.24 (Rosetta, ii B.C.); irrigation ditch, PHal.1.97, al., PSI6.597.5 (both iii B.C.): it is sometimes found as masc. in codd., e.g. Ph.Bel. 99.43 (cod. V), D.S.22.10.5; but βαθύν is Ep. for βαθεῖαν in Call.Del. 37: Dor. τράφος Tab.Heracl.1.130, 2.51.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1075] ἡ, der Graben, Hom. u. Folgde; τάφρον ὀρύσσειν, Il. 7, 341. 440; τάφρον ἤλασαν, 449. 9, 349; Soph. Ai. 1258; Eur. oft, auch τύμβου τάφρον ἐς κοίλην, Hec. 900; διαπηδᾶν τάφρον, Ar. Ach. 1141; u. in Prosa, Plat. Euthyphr. 4 c Critia. 118 c, u. Folgde überall; – Callim. soll das Wort auch als masc. gebraucht haben, wie es auch Alcidam. u. Apollod. 1, 8, 1 hat. – Es hängt mit θάπτω, τάφος, wie im Deutschen Grab u. Graben zusammen.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (ἡ) :
fosse, fossé.
Étymologie: θάπτω.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

τάφρος:ров (τάφρον ὀρύσσειν Hom. etc.; τάφρον διαπηδᾶν Arph.).

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

τάφρος: ἡ, (ἴδε θάπτω), ὡς καὶ νῦν, χάνδαξ, ὄρυγμα, κοινῶς «χανδάκι», συχν. παρ’ Ὁμήρ. (μάλιστα ἐν Ἰλ.)· τάφρον ὀρύσσειν Ἰλ. Η. 341, κτλ.· τ. ἐλαύνειν, ὀρύσσειν τάφρον εἰς μῆκος, αὐτόθι 450· οὕτω παρ’ Ἡροδ. 4. 3, καὶ τοῖς Ἀττ.· τάφρων ὕπερ, ὑπεράνω τῶν τάφρων, Σοφ. Αἴ. 1279· - τινὲς ἐκ τῶν λίαν μεταγενεστέρων συγγραφέων ἔχουσι τὴν λέξιν ὡς ἀρσ. γένους καὶ οὕτως εὑρίσκεται ἔν τινι Ἀντιγράφῳ τοῦ Ἀλκιδάμ. 184. 28· ἀλλὰ παρὰ Καλλ. εἰς Δῆλ. 37, βαθύν ἥλαο τάφρον, τὸ βαθὺν κεῖται Ἐπικῶς ἀντὶ βαθεῖαν, ὡς γίνεται συχνάκις ἐπὶ τοιούτων λέξεων. Ὁ παρὰ τοῖς νεωτέροις Ἕλλησι τύπος τράφος ἀπαντᾷ ἐν τοῖς Ἡρακλεωτ. Πίναι (Συλλ. Ἐπιγρ. 5774. 130., 5775. 51).

Greek Monolingual

η, ΝΜΑ, και τράφος, ὁ, Ν, και τράφος, ἡ, ΜΑ
όρυγμα, χαντάκι, το οποίο παλαιότερα περιέβαλλε για λόγους αμυντικούς τα κάστρα και τα οχυρά (α. «άνοιξαν γύρω γύρω μεγάλες τάφρους» β. «βαθεῖαν ὀρύξομεν ἐγγύθι τάφρον», Ομ. Ιλ.)
νεοελλ.
φρ. α) «τεκτονική τάφρος»
γεωλ. βλ. τεκτονικός
β) «ωκεάνια τάφρος»
(γεωλ.-ωκεαν.) κάθε επίμηκες, στενό και με απότομες πλευρές, βύθισμα του ωκεάνιου βυθού, στο οποίο υπάρχουν τα μεγαλύτερα ωκεάνια βάθη
αρχ.
1. αρδευτικό αυλάκι
2. φρ. «τάφρον ἐλαύνω» — σκάβω τάφρο κατά μήκος (Ομ. Ιλ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Ο τ. τάφρος < θ. ταφ- του θάπ-τω + κατάλ. θηλ. -ος (πρβλ. νῆσος) και ένθημα -ρ-, που, κατά μία άποψη, μπορεί να ανήκει στο θ. (βλ. και λ. θάπτω). Ο τ. τράφος () < τάφρος, με μετάθεση του -ρ-, ενώ ο νεοελλ. τ. τράφος () < αρχ. τράφος () με αναλογική αλλαγή γένους κατά τα σημασιολογικώς συγγενή λάκκος, βόθρος.

Greek Monotonic

τάφρος: ἡ (θάπτω), χαντάκι, όρυγμα, σε Όμηρ. κ.λπ.· τάφρον ὀρύσσειν, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ. κ.λπ.· τάφρον ἐλαύνειν, ανοίγω χαράκωμα, σκάβω τάφρο, στο ίδ.

Middle Liddell

τάφρος, ἡ, θάπτω
a ditch, trench, Hom., etc.; τάφρον ὀρύσσειν Il., etc.; τ. ἐλαύνειν to draw a trench, Il.

Mantoulidis Etymological

ἡ (=χαντάκι). Ἀπό τό θάπτω, ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.

Translations

ditch

Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎, قَنَال‎, قَنَاة‎; Egyptian Arabic: خندق‎; Aragonese: franxe; Armenian: փոս, խրամ; Aromanian: hãndac, fusati, avlachi; Assamese: গাঁত; Avar: хандакъ; Azerbaijani: xəndək; Belarusian: канава, роў, траншэя; Bulgarian: канавка, траншея, ров; Burmese: မြောင်း; Catalan: sèquia, rasa; Chinese Mandarin: 水溝, 水沟, 溝渠, 沟渠, 渠; Czech: příkop; Danish: grav, rende; Dutch: sloot, greppel; Esperanto: fluejo; Estonian: kraav; Finnish: oja, kanava; French: fossé, tranchée, rigole; Friulian: fuesse; Galician: rego, suco, gabia; Georgian: თხრილი, გუბი; German: Graben, Schanze; Greek: χαντάκι, τάφρος, αυλάκι; Ancient Greek: τάφρος, τράφος, ὄρυγμα; Gujarati: ખાડો; Hebrew: חֲפִיר‎, תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई, नाली, गड्ढा; Hungarian: árok, sáncárok; Icelandic: skurður, síki, díki, gröftur, gröf; Indonesian: parit; Italian: fossato, trincea, canale, canalone, canale di scarico, affossamento, fosso; Japanese: 側溝; Javanese: kalèn; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 도랑; Kumyk: татавул, канав, ханав; Kurdish Central Kurdish: خەندەک‎, خەندەق‎; Northern Kurdish: co, cihok, xendek, xendeq; Lao: ຄູ, ຕະຄອງ; Latin: fossa, canalis, scrobis, elix; Latvian: grāvis; Lithuanian: griovys; Luxembourgish: Gruef; Macedonian: ров, ендек; Maori: waikeri; Nepali: खाई; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: ровъ; Old East Slavic: ровъ; Persian: گودال‎, فرگن‎; Plautdietsch: Growen; Polish: rów; Portuguese: fosso, trincheira, vala; Romanian: șanț; Russian: канава, траншея, ров, кювет; Scots: sheuch; Scottish Gaelic: dìg, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ро̏в, јарак; Roman: rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, jarok, kanál; Slovene: jarek, grapa; Southern Altai: ондук; Spanish: foso, surco, zanja, trinchera, acequia, cuneta; Swahili: handaki; Swedish: dike; Tabasaran: хандакӏ; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: అగడ్త; Thai: คู, คูน้ำ; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek; Ukrainian: рів, канава, траншея; Uzbek: xandaq; Vietnamese: hào, rãnh, mương; Volapük: söp; Welsh: ffos; Zazaki: hendeg

trench

Albanian: hendek; Arabic: خَنْدَق‎, أُخْدُود‎; Armenian: խրամատ; Basque: lubaki; Belarusian: траншэя, роў, канава, акоп; Bulgarian: изкоп, канавка; Catalan: trinxera; Chinese Mandarin: 壕溝, 壕沟, 戰壕, 战壕; Czech: příkop, výkop, zákop, rýha, brázda; Danish: grøft; Dutch: geul, sloot, greppel; Esperanto: fosaĵo; Finnish: oja; French: tranchée, fossé; Galician: trincheira, gabia, foxo; Georgian: თხრილი, ტრანშეა; German: Graben; Greek: χαράκωμα; Ancient Greek: τάφρος; Hebrew: תְּעָלָה‎; Hindi: खाई; Hungarian: árok; Ido: trancheo; Indonesian: palung; Italian: fosso, trincea, fossato; Japanese: 塹壕, トレンチ, 溝; Khmer: ប្រឡាយ; Kikuyu: mũkaro; Korean: 참호(塹壕), 트렌치; Lao: ຄູ, ຮ່ອງ; Latin: fossa, scrobis; Macedonian: ров; Malay: parit, jurang; Norman: tranchie; Norwegian Bokmål: grøft; Persian: ترانشه‎; Polish: okop, rów; Portuguese: fosso; Romanian: tranșee, fosă; Russian: траншея, окоп, ров, канава; Scottish Gaelic: trainnse, clais; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀пкоп, ро̏в, јарак; Roman: òpkop, rȍv, járak; Slovak: priekopa, výkop, zákop; Slovene: jarek, rov; Spanish: trinchera; Swahili: mtaro, handaki; Swedish: dike, fåra, ränna; Tagalog: trintsera; Tajik: хандақ; Telugu: కందకము; Thai: คู, ร่อง; Tibetan: ས་ཤུར; Turkish: hendek, siper; Ukrainian: траншея, окоп, окі́п, рів, канава; Vietnamese: hào; Welsh: ffos

Lexicon Thucydideum

fossa, ditch, trench, 2.78.1, 3.22.1, 3.23.2, 3.23.3. 3.4.1. 3.5.1. 3.24.1. 3.24.2. 4.67.3. 4.69.2. 4.90.2, 6.101.2, 6.101.3. 6.101.36.6.1.