gladius

Latin > English

gladius gladi(i) N M :: sword
gladius gladius gladii N M :: swordfish

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

glădĭus: ĭi, m. (also archaic glă-dĭum, ii, n., Lucil. ap. Non. 208, 13; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 81 Müll.; Quint. 1, 5, 16; v. gladiola under gladiolus, I.) [perh. akin to clades, cardo; cf. κλαδάσαι, to brandish,
I a sword (syn. the poet. ensis, acc. to Quint. 10, 1, 11; cf. also: spatha, acinaces, sica, pugio).
I Lit.: arripuit gladium, Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 7; id. Cas. 2, 4, 28: eripite isti gladium, quae sui est impos animi, id. Cas. 3, 5, 9: succincti gladiis media regione cracentes, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 53 Müll. (Ann. v. 497 Vahl.): contecti gladiis, id. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 4, 230 (Ann. v. 415 ib.): occursat ocius gladio comminusque rem gerit Varenus, Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 11: pila miserunt, celeriterque gladios strinxerunt, drew, id. B. C. 3, 93, 1: gladium stringere, Cic. Phil. 2, 9, 21; Verg. A. 12, 278: destringere, Caes. B. G. 1, 25, 2; 7, 12 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 46, 1; 1, 47, 3; Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112; id. Cat. 3, 1, 2; Liv. 27, 13, 9 et saep.: educere, Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 8; Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3; Sall. C. 51, 36; cf.: educere e vagina, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14: nudare, Ov. F. 2, 693: recondere in vaginam, Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14; cf. condere, Quint. 8 praef. § 15: xiphion gladi praebet speciem, Plin. 25, 11, 89, § 138.—
   b Prov.
   (a)    Suo sibi hunc gladio jugulo, fight him with his own weapons, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 35; cf. the same, Cic. Caecin. 29, 82.—
   (b)    Cum illum (Clodium) plumbeo gladio jugulatum iri tamen diceret (Hortensius), i. e. with very little trouble, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2. —
   (g)    Ignem gladio scrutare, stir the fire with a sword (= πῦρ μαχαίρᾳ σκαλεύειν, Pythag. ap. Diog. Laert. 8, 17), Hor. S. 2, 3, 276.—
   (d)    Gladium alicui dare qui se occidat, to give one the means of ruining himself, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 92.—
II Transf.
   A Murder, death: cum tanta praesertim gladiorum sit impunitas, Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27; cf. id. Fam. 10, 2, 1; Vell. 2, 3, 3; 2, 125, 2; gladiorum licentia, Cic. Fam. 4, 9 fin.; id. 2, 22, 2: qui universas provincias regunt, jus gladii habent, i. e. the power of life and death, Dig. 1, 18, 6, § 8: potestas gladii, ib. 2, 1, 3; Capitol. Gord. 9.—
   B A gladiatorial combat: qui cum maxime dubitat, utrum se ad gladium locet an ad cultrum, Sen. Ep. 87 med.: comparare homines ad gladium, Lact. 6, 12 fin.: servus ad gladium vel ad bestias vel in metallum damnatus, Dig. 29, 2, 25.—
   C Gladius vomeris, a ploughshare, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 172.—
   D The sword-fish, also called xiphias (ξιφίας), Plin. 9, 2, 1, § 3; 9, 15, 21, § 54; 32, 11, 53, § 145.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

glădĭus,⁸ ĭī, m.,
1 épée, glaive [pr. et fig.] : gladium destringere Cic. Off. 3, 112 ; stringere Cæs. C. 3, 93, 2 ; educere Cæs. G. 5, 44, 8, dégainer, mettre l’épée à la main ; aut tuo, quemadmodum dicitur, gladio aut nostro defensio tua conficiatur necesse est Cic. Cæc. 82, il faut de toute nécessité que dans ta défense tu sois battu ou par tes propres armes, comme on dit, ou par les miennes ; plumbeo gladio jugulare Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2, tuer avec un sabre de plomb [inoffensif] [prov.] ; gladiorum impunitas Cic. Phil. 1, 27, impunité des meurtres
2 métier de gladiateur : se ad gladium locare Sen. Ep. 87, 8, se louer pour être gladiateur
3 coutre [de la charrue] : Plin. 18, 172
4 espadon [poisson de mer] : Plin. 9, 3. gladium, n., Lucil. d. Non. 208, 13 ; Varro L. 9, 81 ; Quint. 1, 5, 16.

Latin > German (Georges)

gladius, iī, m.(zu glaber, also ›das glatte‹), das messerförmige Schwert (zu Hieb und Stoß, während ensis das längere, mehr zum Hieb eingerichtete Schwert), I) eig. u. meton.: a) eig.: capulus gladii, Tac.: mucro gladii, Plin.: gladius vaginā vacuus (blankes), Cic.: gl. militaris, Sen.: gladius cruentus, Cic.: gladius cruore domini madens, Val. Max.: gladius, cui ad secandum subtilis acies est, Sen.: gladius, quo noxii iugulantur, Henkerschwert, Val. Max.: gladio accinctus, Liv. u. Tac., succinctus, Cornif. rhet.: gladium stringere, Caes., destringere, Cic.: gladium (e vagina) educere, Cic.: gladium nudare, Ov.: gladium condere, einstecken, Tac.: alqm gladio insequi, Cic.: alci gladium intentare, Liv.: gladio incumbere, Cornif. rhet.: transfigere se gladio, Vell.: traicere sibi gladio pectus, Auct. b. Afr.: traicere alqm gladio, Auct. b. Alex.: transfigere alqm gladio per pectus, Liv. – im Bilde, suo sibi gladio hunc iugulo, mit seinen eigenen Waffen, d.i. widerlege ihn mit seinen eigenen Worten, Ter. adelph. 958 (vgl. quid igitur pugnes adversus eos homines, qui suo sibi gladio pereunt? Lact. 3, 28, 20): plumbeo gladio iugulari, mit schwachen Beweisen widerlegt werden, Cic. ad Att. 1, 16, 2: tuo gladio conficiatur defensio, Cic. Caecin. 82: destrictis gladiis fraudium (mit den scharfen Waffen des Betr.) simplicis puellae paventes cogitationes invadunt, Apul. met. 5, 19. – Sprichw., ignem gladio scrutari (griech. πῦρ μαχαίρα σκαλεύειν), das Feuer mit dem Schwert durchwühlen, von einem unsinnigen Beginnen, Hor. sat. 2, 3, 276. – b) meton. = das mit dem Schwert Bewirkte, wie: gladii potestas od. ius, Gewalt über Leben u. Tod, Capit. u. ICt.: locare ad gladium, zum Gladiatorenkampfe, Sen.: ebenso damnari ad gladium, ICt.: licentia gladiorum, Mordtaten, Cic.: ebenso sublatus modus gladiis, Lucan. – II) übtr.: a) als Titel einer Schrift, das Schwert, Suet. Cal. 49, 3. – b) das Pflugeisen, Plin. 18, 172. – c) das Schwertholz (sonst spatha), dessen man sich bei dem alten senkrechten Webstuhl statt des Kammes bediente, um den Einschlag damit zu schlagen u. das Gewebe dicht zu machen, deducunt habiles gladios filo gracilento, Enn. ann. 253. – d) = ξιφίας, der Schwertfisch, Plin. 9, 3; 32, 15 u. 145. – / Nbf. gladium. iī, n., Lucil. 1187. Varro LL. 5, 116; 8, 45 u. bes. 9, 81. Varro r. r. 1, 48, 3: gladium, ξίφος, gladia, ξίφη, Gloss.; vgl. Quint. 1, 5, 16 (wo getadelt).

Translations

Abkhaz: аса; Adyghe: чатэ; Afrikaans: swaard; Albanian: thikare, shpatë, pallë, shkallmë; Amharic: ሰይፍ; Arabic: سَيْف‎; Egyptian Arabic: سيف‎; Hijazi Arabic: سيف‎; Aragonese: espata; Armenian: թուր, սուր; Aromanian: apalã, spatã, coardã, cealãmi, lipidã; Assamese: তৰোৱাল, হেংদাং; Asturian: espada; Avar: кӏалден; Azerbaijani: qılınc; Baluchi: زہم‎; Bashkir: ҡылыс; Basque: ezpata; Belarusian: шабля, меч; Bengali: তলোয়ার, তরোয়াল, তেগ, শমশের, ছুরি, দাও, দা; Breton: kleze, klezeñv; Bulgarian: меч; Burmese: ဓား; Buryat: һэлмэ; Catalan: espasa; Chakma: 𑄙𑄟; Chechen: гӏалакх, тур; Cherokee: ᎭᏰᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ; Chinese Cantonese: 劍, 剑; Hakka: 劍, 剑; Mandarin: 劍, 剑, 刀; Min Dong: 劍, 剑; Min Nan: 劍, 剑; Wu: 劍, 剑; Chuukese: ketinas; Classical Nahuatl: tepozmāccuahuitl; Classical Syriac: ܣܝܦܐ‎; Coptic Bohairic: ⲥⲏϥⲓ; Sahidic: ⲥⲏϥⲉ; Cornish: kledha; Corsican: spada; Czech: meč; Dalmatian: sputa; Danish: sværd; Daur: selmii; Dhivehi: ކަނދި‎; Dongxiang: baojien; Dutch: zwaard; Esperanto: glavo; Estonian: mõõk; Evenki: тутэкэ̄н; Faroese: svørð, mæki; Finnish: miekka; French: épée, glaive; Old French: espee; Friulian: spade; Gagauz: kılıç; Galician: espada; Georgian: ხმალი, დაშნა, მახვილი, ლახვარი; German: Schwert; Alemannic German: Schwärt; Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃, 𐌼𐌴𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍃; Greek: ξίφος, σπαθί; Ancient Greek: ξίφος, φάσγανον, μάχαιρα, ῥομφαία; Greenlandic: pana; Guaraní: kysepuku; Gujarati: તલવાર, શમશેર; Hebrew: חֶרֶב‎, סַיִף‎; Hindi: तलवार, शमशेर; Hungarian: kard; Hunsrik: Schweert; Icelandic: sverð; Ido: espado; Indonesian: pedang; Interlingua: spada, gladio; Irish: claíomh; Old Irish: claideb; Istriot: spada; Italian: spada, brando, stocco, gladio; Japanese: 刀, 剣; Jarai: đao; Javanese: pedhang; Kalmyk: селм, үлд; Kannada: ಕತ್ತಿ; Karachay-Balkar: къылыч; Karakalpak: qılısh; Kashubian: miecz; Kazakh: қылыш; Khakas: хылыс; Khmer: ដាវ; Komi-Permyak: шыпурт; Korean: 검(劍), 칼; Kumyk: къылыч; Kurdish Central Kurdish: شِمشێر‎, شیر‎; Northern Kurdish: şimşûr, şûr; Kyrgyz: кылыч; Lao: ດາບ; Latgalian: zūbyns; Latin: gladius, spatha, ensis, machaera, mucro, ferrum; Latvian: zobens; Ligurian: spâ; Limburgish: zwerd; Lithuanian: kalavijas, kardas; Low German German Low German: Sweerd; Macedonian: меч; Malagasy: antsifotsy, sabatra, viarara; Malay: pedang; Malayalam: വാള്; Maltese: sejf, xabla; Manchu: ᠯᠣᡥᠣ; Manx: cliwe; Maori: hoari; Maranao: koyang, miros, pedang; Middle English: sword; Mongghul: uldi; Mongolian: илд, сэлэм; Nahuatl: tepozmācuahuitl; Nanai: пакан, лохон; Navajo: diltłish; Ngazidja Comorian: upanga 11 or 10; Nogai: кылыш; North Frisian: swird, Swērt, Swiirt; Northern Qiang: hɑː; Northern Norwegian Bokmål: sverd; Nynorsk: sverd; Occitan: espasa; Ojibwe: ashaweshk; Old Church Slavonic: мечь; Old East Slavic: мечь; Old English: sweord, sword, bil, mēċe, secg; Old Norse: mækir, sverð; Oriya: ଖଡ୍ଗ; Ossetian: кард, цирхъ; Pashto: توره‎; Pennsylvania German: Dege, Schwart, Schwaert; Persian: شمشیر‎; Piedmontese: spa; Plautdietsch: Schweat, Schwieet; Pohnpeian: kedlahs; Polish: miecz; Portuguese: espada; Punjabi: ਤਲਵਾਰ; Quechua: sawli; Romanian: sabie, spadă; Romansch: spada, speda; Russian: меч, шпага, сабля; Samogitian: kalavėjs; Sanskrit: कृपाण, असि, खड्ग; Sardinian: spada, ispada; Saterland Frisian: Swäid; Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh, slòighre; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: мач; Roman: mač; Shona: munondo; Shor: қылыш; Sicilian: spata; Sinhalese: කඩුව; Slovak: meč; Slovene: meč, sablja; Somali: seef; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: mjac; Upper Sorbian: mječ; Southern Altai: кылыш; Spanish: espada; Sudovian: kalavian; Swahili: upanga; Swedish: svärd; Tagalog: tabak; Tajik: шамшер; Tamil: வாள்; Tatar: кылыч; Telugu: కత్తి, కృపాణము; Thai: ดาบ; Tibetan: དཔའ་དམ།; Tocharian B: apsāl, kertte; Tok Pisin: bainat, bainet; Tongan: heleta; Turkish: kılıç; Turkmen: gylyç; Tuvan: хылыш; Ukrainian: меч; Urdu: تلوار‎, شمشیر‎; Uyghur: قىلىچ‎, شەمشەر‎; Uzbek: qilich, shamshir; Venetian: spada; Veps: mek; Vietnamese: gươm, kiếm; Volapük: gläv; Walloon: spêye; Waray-Waray: espada; Welsh: cleddyf; West Frisian: swurd; Yakut: кылыс; Yiddish: שווערד‎; Zazaki: şimşêr