κόλυμβος: Difference between revisions

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μὴ δὶς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν λίθον πταίειν → do not stumble twice on the same stone

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|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">small diver, Podiceps minor</b> (Ar.; Thompson Birds 158), also backformation of <b class="b3">κολυμβάω</b>, s. v.<br />Other forms: Note <b class="b3">κολυμφάω</b> (EM 526, 2). In the same meaning <b class="b3">κολυμβίς</b> f. (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ath.), but usu. of olives pickled in brine (Diph. Siph., pap.); <b class="b3">κολύμβαινα</b> = <b class="b3">κολύβδαινα</b> (Archig. ap. Gal.), <b class="b3">κολύμβατος</b> name of a plant (Gp.), motive unknown, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113 and <b class="b3">κολυμβάς</b> as name of the ostrich (<b class="b3">στοιβή</b>) in Gal.<br />Derivatives: Denomin. verb <b class="b3">κολυμβάω</b>, often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b2">dive (under), jump into the water, swim</b> (Att., hell.) with <b class="b3">κολυμβήθρα</b> [[bathing place]], [[pool]], [[cistern]] (Pl.), <b class="b3">κολύμβησις</b> [[diving]] = [[pearl-fishery]] (Peripl. M. Rubr.), as backformation <b class="b3">κόλυμβος</b> = <b class="b3">κολύμβησις</b> (Str., Paus., Plu.) and <b class="b3">-ήθρα</b> (Hero); <b class="b3">κολυμβητήρ</b> (A.) and <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Th., Pl.) [[diver]] (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14 a. 17f.) with <b class="b3">κολυμβητική</b> (<b class="b3">τέχνη</b>) [[art of diving]] (Pl.); also <b class="b3">κολυμβιστής</b> (sch.); <b class="b3">κολυμβιτεύω</b> (= <b class="b3">-ητεύω</b>?) [[throw into the water]] (Pap.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Uncertain. Against equation with Lat. [[columba]] [[dove]] rightly W.-Hofmann s. v.; a common IE. <b class="b2">*kolu-mb(h)-</b> (<b class="b2">-nb(h)-</b>) is of course a phonetic nonentity. S. Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. [[columba]]. Apart from the suffix <b class="b3">-υμβ-</b> the vatiant <b class="b3">κολυμφάω</b> shows a Pre-Greek word. The variation <b class="b3">μβ</b> \/ <b class="b3">βδ</b> can be most easily explained from a palatalized [[b]] ([[by]]), of which the palatal feature was lost after pernasalization, giving <b class="b3">μβ</b> (cf. Fur. 307 n. 117, but [[μόλυβδος]] \/ [[plumbum]] must now be given up, s.v.).
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[small diver]], [[Podiceps minor]] (Ar.; Thompson Birds 158), also backformation of <b class="b3">κολυμβάω</b>, s. v.<br />Other forms: Note <b class="b3">κολυμφάω</b> (EM 526, 2). In the same meaning <b class="b3">κολυμβίς</b> f. (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ath.), but usu. of olives pickled in brine (Diph. Siph., pap.); <b class="b3">κολύμβαινα</b> = <b class="b3">κολύβδαινα</b> (Archig. ap. Gal.), <b class="b3">κολύμβατος</b> name of a plant (Gp.), motive unknown, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113 and <b class="b3">κολυμβάς</b> as name of the ostrich (<b class="b3">στοιβή</b>) in Gal.<br />Derivatives: Denomin. verb <b class="b3">κολυμβάω</b>, often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b2">dive (under), jump into the water, swim</b> (Att., hell.) with <b class="b3">κολυμβήθρα</b> [[bathing place]], [[pool]], [[cistern]] (Pl.), <b class="b3">κολύμβησις</b> [[diving]] = [[pearl-fishery]] (Peripl. M. Rubr.), as backformation <b class="b3">κόλυμβος</b> = <b class="b3">κολύμβησις</b> (Str., Paus., Plu.) and <b class="b3">-ήθρα</b> (Hero); <b class="b3">κολυμβητήρ</b> (A.) and <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Th., Pl.) [[diver]] (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14 a. 17f.) with <b class="b3">κολυμβητική</b> (<b class="b3">τέχνη</b>) [[art of diving]] (Pl.); also <b class="b3">κολυμβιστής</b> (sch.); <b class="b3">κολυμβιτεύω</b> (= <b class="b3">-ητεύω</b>?) [[throw into the water]] (Pap.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Uncertain. Against equation with Lat. [[columba]] [[dove]] rightly W.-Hofmann s. v.; a common IE. <b class="b2">*kolu-mb(h)-</b> (<b class="b2">-nb(h)-</b>) is of course a phonetic nonentity. S. Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. [[columba]]. Apart from the suffix <b class="b3">-υμβ-</b> the vatiant <b class="b3">κολυμφάω</b> shows a Pre-Greek word. The variation <b class="b3">μβ</b> \/ <b class="b3">βδ</b> can be most easily explained from a palatalized [[b]] ([[by]]), of which the palatal feature was lost after pernasalization, giving <b class="b3">μβ</b> (cf. Fur. 307 n. 117, but [[μόλυβδος]] \/ [[plumbum]] must now be given up, s.v.).
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{{mdlsj
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Revision as of 16:17, 1 July 2020

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: κόλυμβος Medium diacritics: κόλυμβος Low diacritics: κόλυμβος Capitals: ΚΟΛΥΜΒΟΣ
Transliteration A: kólymbos Transliteration B: kolymbos Transliteration C: kolymvos Beta Code: ko/lumbos

English (LSJ)

ὁ,

   A = κολυμβίς, Ar. Ach.876.    II = κολύμβησις, ἅμιλλα κολύμβου Paus.2.35.1, cf.Str. 16.2.42, AP9.82 (Antip. Thess.), Plu.2.162f (pl.), Herod.Med. ap. Orib.10.39.3, Antyll.ib.6.27.4, X.Ep.3.2.    2 = κολυμβήθρα 1, Hero *Mens.19.

German (Pape)

[Seite 1476] ὁ, der Taucher, Schwimmer, bes. Sp. – Bei Ar. Ach. 875 derselbe Wasservogel wie κολυμβίς. – Das Schwimmen; Antp. Th. 51 (IX, 82); ἁμίλλης κολύμβου Paus. 2, 35, 1.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κόλυμβος: ὁ, κολυμβητής, δύτης, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 876· πρβλ. κολυμβίς. ΙΙ. = κολύμβησις, Παυσ. 2. 35, 1, Ἀνθ. Π. 9. 82, Πλούτ. 2. 163Α.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (ὁ) :
1 action de plonger, de nager;
2 plongeon, oiseau.
Étymologie: R. Κρυφ > κλυφ-, κλυβ-, se cacher, s’enfoncer.

Greek Monolingual

ο (AM κόλυμβος)
το πτηνό κολυμβίς
αρχ.-μσν.
κολύμβηση, κολύμπι («ἡ λίμνη... ἀγχιβαθής..., ὥστε μή δεῖν κολύμβου», Παυσ.)
μσν.
δεξαμενή
αρχ.
λουτρό.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Ανάγεται στην ετεροιωμένη βαθμίδα kol- της ΙΕ ρίζας kel- «σκοτεινός, μαύρος» (πρβλ. κελαινός) και συνδέεται πιθ. με το λατ. columba «περιστέρι». Και οι δύο γλώσσες εμφανίζουν παρέκταση -umb-, της οποίας η αναγωγή σε ΙΕ -on-b(h)- δεν ερμηνεύει ικανοποιητικά το ελλ. -υ-.
ΠΑΡ. κολυμβώ, κολυμβάς / -πάδα
αρχ.
κολύμβαινα, κολυμβίς.
ΣΥΝΘ. αρχ. ακόλυμβος, εὐκόλυμβος, πολυκόλυμβος.

Greek Monotonic

κόλυμβος: ὁ, κολυμβητής, δύτης, σε Αριστοφ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

κόλυμβος:
1) Arph. = κολυμβίς;
2) ныряние, плавание Plat., Anth.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

κόλυμβος -ου, ὁ fuut (watervogel).

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: m.
Meaning: small diver, Podiceps minor (Ar.; Thompson Birds 158), also backformation of κολυμβάω, s. v.
Other forms: Note κολυμφάω (EM 526, 2). In the same meaning κολυμβίς f. (Ar., Arist.), -άς f. id. (Ath.), but usu. of olives pickled in brine (Diph. Siph., pap.); κολύμβαινα = κολύβδαινα (Archig. ap. Gal.), κολύμβατος name of a plant (Gp.), motive unknown, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113 and κολυμβάς as name of the ostrich (στοιβή) in Gal.
Derivatives: Denomin. verb κολυμβάω, often with prefix, e. g. ἐκ-, κατα-, ἀνα-, δια-, dive (under), jump into the water, swim (Att., hell.) with κολυμβήθρα bathing place, pool, cistern (Pl.), κολύμβησις diving = pearl-fishery (Peripl. M. Rubr.), as backformation κόλυμβος = κολύμβησις (Str., Paus., Plu.) and -ήθρα (Hero); κολυμβητήρ (A.) and -ητής (Th., Pl.) diver (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14 a. 17f.) with κολυμβητική (τέχνη) art of diving (Pl.); also κολυμβιστής (sch.); κολυμβιτεύω (= -ητεύω?) throw into the water (Pap.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: Uncertain. Against equation with Lat. columba dove rightly W.-Hofmann s. v.; a common IE. *kolu-mb(h)- (-nb(h)-) is of course a phonetic nonentity. S. Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. columba. Apart from the suffix -υμβ- the vatiant κολυμφάω shows a Pre-Greek word. The variation μβ \/ βδ can be most easily explained from a palatalized b (by), of which the palatal feature was lost after pernasalization, giving μβ (cf. Fur. 307 n. 117, but μόλυβδος \/ plumbum must now be given up, s.v.).

Middle Liddell

κόλυμβος, ὁ,
a diver, Ar.

Frisk Etymology German

κόλυμβος: {kólumbos}
Forms: In derselben Bed. κολυμβίς f. (Ar., Arist. usw.), -άς f. ib. (Ath.), aber gewöhnlich von eingepökelten Oliven (Diph. Siph., Pap. u. a.); κολύμβαινα = κολύβδαινα (Archig. ap. Gal.), κολύμβατος N. einer Pflanze (Gp.; nach βάτος?), Benennungsgrund unklar, vgl. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113 und κολυμβάς als N. eines Strauches (στοιβή) bei Gal.
Grammar: m.
Meaning: kleiner Taucher, Podiceps minor (Ar.; Thompson Birds 158), auch Rückbildung von κολυμβάω, s. u.
Derivative: Denominatives Verb κολυμβάω, oft mit Präfix, z. B. ἐκ-, κατα-, ἀνα-, δια-, untertauchen, ins Wasser springen, schwimmen (att., hell. u. sp.) mit κολυμβήθρα Badeort, Teich, Zisterne (Pl. usw.), κολύμβησις das Untertauchen = Perlenfang (Peripl. M. Rubr.), als Rückbildung κόλυμβος = κολύμβησις (Str., Paus., Plu. u. a.) und -ήθρα (Hero); κολυμβητήρ (A.) und -ητής (Th., Pl. u. a.) Taucher (vgl. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14 u. 17f.) mit κολυμβητική (τέχνη) Taucherkunst (Pl.); auch κολυμβιστής (Sch.); κολυμβιτεύω (= -ητεύω?) ins Wasser werfen (Pap.).
Etymology : Ohne sichere Erklärung. Gegen Gleichsetzung mit lat. columba Taube mit Recht W.-Hofmann s. v.; ein gemeinsames idg. *kolu-mb(h)- (-nb(h)-) ist selbstverständlich ein lautliches Unding. Möglich ist dagegen an sich idg. *kolon-b(h)-, sofern man das unerklärte gr. -υ- mit in den Kauf nehmen will. Ursprüngliche Verwandtschaft mit columba (und κελαινός?) ist trotz der Bedeutungsverschiedenheit zweifellos möglich, aber solange die Wortbildung auf ihre Erklärung wartet, bietet diese Möglichkeit wenig Interesse. Einzelheiten m. reicher Lit. bei WP. 1, 440f., Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. columba. Pelasgische Etymologie bei v. Windekens Le Pélasgique 116.
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