prior: Difference between revisions
οὕτως ἐξ ἐχθρῶν αὐτοκτόνα πέμπετο δῶρα, ἐν χάριτος προφάσει μοῖραν ἔχοντα μόρου → thus mutual gifts that bring death were bestowed by enemies, gifts that brought the lot of death in the name of a favor
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|lshtext=<b>prĭor</b>: and prĭus (old form also in<br /><b>I</b> neutr. [[prior]], Val. Antias and Quadrig. ap. Prisc. p. 767), ōris, adj. comp. from obsol. prep. pri; v. [[primus]] init.], [[former]], [[previous]], [[prior]], freq. to be translated [[first]]; cf. [[superior]]; [[Cicero]] [[nearly]] [[always]] uses [[prior]], opp. to [[posterior]], in [[time]]; [[superior]] in [[sense]] of [[former]], in gen. [[relation]] to the [[present]], [[when]] no [[other]] [[time]] is expressed; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 921 sq.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: ita priori posterius, posteriori [[superius]] non jungitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: me quaestorem in primis, aedilem priorem, praetorem [[primum]] [[populus]] Romanus faciebat, id. Pis. 1, 2: qui [[prior]] has angustias occupaverit, [[first]], Caes. B. C. 1, 66: [[prior]] [[proelio]] lacessere, id. ib. 1, 82: [[etsi]] utrique [[primas]], priores [[tamen]] [[libenter]] deferunt Laelio, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: priore [[loco]] causam dicere, [[first]], id. Quint. 9, 32: priore aestate, in the [[former]] [[summer]], [[last]] [[summer]], id. Fam. 1, 9, 24: priore nocte, id. Cat. 1, 4, 8: [[factum]] est [[enim]] meā culpā, ut priore [[anno]] non succederetur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: prioribus comitiis, id. Planc. 22, 54: priore [[anno]], the [[year]] [[before]], Liv. 3, 9, 7; 3, 10, 14; 4, 56, 5: prioris anni consules, id. 4, 13, 10; 4, 17, 9: [[Dionysius]] [[prior]], the [[elder]], Nep. [[Dion]], 1, 3: [[vinum]], of [[last]] [[year]], Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: priore [[libro]], in the [[previous]] [[book]], Col. 4, 22, 9: [[pedes]], the forefeet, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181: [[canities]] homini [[semper]] a priori parte capitis, tum [[deinde]] ab aversā, the forepart, Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131.—Pleon.: cum [[prior]] Romanus [[exercitus]] praevenisset, Liv. 9, 23, 2: [[prius]] praecepta res erat, id. 21, 32, 7; cf. id. 9, 23, 2.— Old neutr. [[prior]]: hoc [[senatusconsultum]] [[prior]] [[factum]] est, Val. Antias ap. Prisc. p. 767 P.: [[prior]] [[bellum]], Quadrig. ib.: [[foedus]] [[prior]], id. ib. (cf.: [[bellum]] Punicum [[posterior]], Cass. Hem. ib.).—<br /> <b>2</b> Former, i. e. [[deceased]] ([[late]] Lat.): [[inter]] prieres fratres, Amm. 21, 6, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> Subst.: prĭōres, um, m., forefathers, ancestors, the ancients ([[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]): abiturus [[illuc]], quo priores abierunt, Phaedr. 4, 18, 16: [[nomen]] dixere priores Ortygiam, Verg. A. 3, 693: nec ingeniis investigata priorum, Ov. M. 15, 146; 332: priores tradiderunt, Col. 1, 4, 3: nostri, Plin. Ep. 3, 4: [[more]] priorum, Ov. M. 10, 218; Sen. Ep. 52, 2.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[better]], [[superior]], [[preferable]], [[more]] [[excellent]] or [[important]] (not in Cic. and Cæs.): bellante [[prior]], Hor. C. S. 51: [[color]] puniceae flore [[prior]] rosae, id. C. 4, 10, 4; Ov. H. 18, 69: ut [[nemo]] haberetur [[prior]], Liv. 27, 8: aetate et sapientiā, Sall. J. 10, 7: consilio et manu, id. ib. 96, 3: [[neque]] [[prius]], [[neque]] antiquius quidquam habuit, [[quam]], etc., Vell. 2, 52, 4.—Esp. [[with]] [[potior]]: [[potius]] [[quanto]] [[prius]] potiusque est Philippum nobis conjungere [[quam]] hos, Vell. 36, 7, 6: nulla (res) [[prior]] potiorque visa est, id. 8, 29, 2: [[nihil]] [[prius]] nec [[potius]] [[visum]], id. 39, 47, 4: [[unus]] [[Plinius]] est mihi priores, i. e. [[worth]] [[more]] [[than]] [[they]] all, Sent. Augur. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4: artium multitudine [[prior]] omnibus, eloquentiā nulli [[secundus]], App. Flor. 2, p. 346.—Hence, adv. comp.: prĭus.<br /> <b>A</b> Before, [[sooner]], [[first]], [[previously]] ([[class]].).<br /> <b>1</b> [[Alone]]: quem fuit aequius, ut [[prius]] introieram in vitam, sic [[prius]] exire de vitā, Cic. Lael. 4, 15: regem [[prius]] Europā, [[post]] et Asiā, expellere, Liv. 37, 52, 4: ut vos [[prius]] experti estis, [[nunc]] [[Antiochus]] experitur, id. 36, 17, 8; so, [[prius]] ... [[nunc]], Verg. G. 3, 362: [[prius]] ... tum, [[Cato]], R. R. 135; Liv. 34, 55, 5: [[prius]] .... [[postea]], id. 29, 12, 11.—<br /> <b>2</b> With [[quam]], and [[often]] joined in one [[word]], priusquam.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Before [[that]], [[before]]: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[lucet]], assunt, [[before]] [[dawn]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115: [[prius]] [[illi]] erimus [[quam]] tu, id. Ps. 2, 4, 68: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[plane]] aspexit [[ilico]] eum esse dixit, id. Rud. 4, 4, 87: [[nihil]] [[prius]] mihi faciendum putavi, [[quam]] ut, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1: cui [[prius]] [[quam]] de ceteris rebus [[respondeo]], de amicitiā pauca dicam, [[before]], id. Phil. 2, 1, 3: [[quod]] ego, [[prius]] [[quam]] loqui coepisti, sensi, id. Vatin. 2, 4: [[neque]] [[prius]] fugere destiterunt, [[quam]] ad [[flumen]] Rhenum pervenerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: [[quid]] [[potius]] faciam, [[prius]] [[quam]] me dormitum conferam, non [[reperio]], Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: priusquam aggrediar, etc., id. Balb. 7, 18: [[prius]] [[quam]] ad portam venias, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Sooner, [[rather]]: Aegyptii [[quamvis]] carnificinam [[prius]] subierint, [[quam]] ibin aut aspidem [[violent]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; id. Lig. 12, 34; Caes. B. C. 3, 1.—Sometimes in an [[inverted]] [[order]]: ad hoc [[genus]] hominum duravi, [[quam]] [[prius]] me ad [[plures]] penetravi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13; Prop. 2, 14, 11 (3, 10, 10); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 576.—<br /> <b>B</b> In gen., [[formerly]], in [[former]] times ([[poet]].), Cat. 51, 13: sed haec [[prius]] fuere: [[nunc]], etc., id. 4, 25; Prop. 1, 1, 18. | |lshtext=<b>prĭor</b>: and prĭus (old form also in<br /><b>I</b> neutr. [[prior]], Val. Antias and Quadrig. ap. Prisc. p. 767), ōris, adj. comp. from obsol. prep. pri; v. [[primus]] init.], [[former]], [[previous]], [[prior]], freq. to be translated [[first]]; cf. [[superior]]; [[Cicero]] [[nearly]] [[always]] uses [[prior]], opp. to [[posterior]], in [[time]]; [[superior]] in [[sense]] of [[former]], in gen. [[relation]] to the [[present]], [[when]] no [[other]] [[time]] is expressed; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 921 sq.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: ita priori posterius, posteriori [[superius]] non jungitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: me quaestorem in primis, aedilem priorem, praetorem [[primum]] [[populus]] Romanus faciebat, id. Pis. 1, 2: qui [[prior]] has angustias occupaverit, [[first]], Caes. B. C. 1, 66: [[prior]] [[proelio]] lacessere, id. ib. 1, 82: [[etsi]] utrique [[primas]], priores [[tamen]] [[libenter]] deferunt Laelio, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: priore [[loco]] causam dicere, [[first]], id. Quint. 9, 32: priore aestate, in the [[former]] [[summer]], [[last]] [[summer]], id. Fam. 1, 9, 24: priore nocte, id. Cat. 1, 4, 8: [[factum]] est [[enim]] meā culpā, ut priore [[anno]] non succederetur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: prioribus comitiis, id. Planc. 22, 54: priore [[anno]], the [[year]] [[before]], Liv. 3, 9, 7; 3, 10, 14; 4, 56, 5: prioris anni consules, id. 4, 13, 10; 4, 17, 9: [[Dionysius]] [[prior]], the [[elder]], Nep. [[Dion]], 1, 3: [[vinum]], of [[last]] [[year]], Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: priore [[libro]], in the [[previous]] [[book]], Col. 4, 22, 9: [[pedes]], the forefeet, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181: [[canities]] homini [[semper]] a priori parte capitis, tum [[deinde]] ab aversā, the forepart, Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131.—Pleon.: cum [[prior]] Romanus [[exercitus]] praevenisset, Liv. 9, 23, 2: [[prius]] praecepta res erat, id. 21, 32, 7; cf. id. 9, 23, 2.— Old neutr. [[prior]]: hoc [[senatusconsultum]] [[prior]] [[factum]] est, Val. Antias ap. Prisc. p. 767 P.: [[prior]] [[bellum]], Quadrig. ib.: [[foedus]] [[prior]], id. ib. (cf.: [[bellum]] Punicum [[posterior]], Cass. Hem. ib.).—<br /> <b>2</b> Former, i. e. [[deceased]] ([[late]] Lat.): [[inter]] prieres fratres, Amm. 21, 6, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> Subst.: prĭōres, um, m., forefathers, ancestors, the ancients ([[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]): abiturus [[illuc]], quo priores abierunt, Phaedr. 4, 18, 16: [[nomen]] dixere priores Ortygiam, Verg. A. 3, 693: nec ingeniis investigata priorum, Ov. M. 15, 146; 332: priores tradiderunt, Col. 1, 4, 3: nostri, Plin. Ep. 3, 4: [[more]] priorum, Ov. M. 10, 218; Sen. Ep. 52, 2.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[better]], [[superior]], [[preferable]], [[more]] [[excellent]] or [[important]] (not in Cic. and Cæs.): bellante [[prior]], Hor. C. S. 51: [[color]] puniceae flore [[prior]] rosae, id. C. 4, 10, 4; Ov. H. 18, 69: ut [[nemo]] haberetur [[prior]], Liv. 27, 8: aetate et sapientiā, Sall. J. 10, 7: consilio et manu, id. ib. 96, 3: [[neque]] [[prius]], [[neque]] antiquius quidquam habuit, [[quam]], etc., Vell. 2, 52, 4.—Esp. [[with]] [[potior]]: [[potius]] [[quanto]] [[prius]] potiusque est Philippum nobis conjungere [[quam]] hos, Vell. 36, 7, 6: nulla (res) [[prior]] potiorque visa est, id. 8, 29, 2: [[nihil]] [[prius]] nec [[potius]] [[visum]], id. 39, 47, 4: [[unus]] [[Plinius]] est mihi priores, i. e. [[worth]] [[more]] [[than]] [[they]] all, Sent. Augur. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4: artium multitudine [[prior]] omnibus, eloquentiā nulli [[secundus]], App. Flor. 2, p. 346.—Hence, adv. comp.: prĭus.<br /> <b>A</b> Before, [[sooner]], [[first]], [[previously]] ([[class]].).<br /> <b>1</b> [[Alone]]: quem fuit aequius, ut [[prius]] introieram in vitam, sic [[prius]] exire de vitā, Cic. Lael. 4, 15: regem [[prius]] Europā, [[post]] et Asiā, expellere, Liv. 37, 52, 4: ut vos [[prius]] experti estis, [[nunc]] [[Antiochus]] experitur, id. 36, 17, 8; so, [[prius]] ... [[nunc]], Verg. G. 3, 362: [[prius]] ... tum, [[Cato]], R. R. 135; Liv. 34, 55, 5: [[prius]] .... [[postea]], id. 29, 12, 11.—<br /> <b>2</b> With [[quam]], and [[often]] joined in one [[word]], priusquam.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Before [[that]], [[before]]: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[lucet]], assunt, [[before]] [[dawn]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115: [[prius]] [[illi]] erimus [[quam]] tu, id. Ps. 2, 4, 68: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[plane]] aspexit [[ilico]] eum esse dixit, id. Rud. 4, 4, 87: [[nihil]] [[prius]] mihi faciendum putavi, [[quam]] ut, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1: cui [[prius]] [[quam]] de ceteris rebus [[respondeo]], de amicitiā pauca dicam, [[before]], id. Phil. 2, 1, 3: [[quod]] ego, [[prius]] [[quam]] loqui coepisti, sensi, id. Vatin. 2, 4: [[neque]] [[prius]] fugere destiterunt, [[quam]] ad [[flumen]] Rhenum pervenerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: [[quid]] [[potius]] faciam, [[prius]] [[quam]] me dormitum conferam, non [[reperio]], Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: priusquam aggrediar, etc., id. Balb. 7, 18: [[prius]] [[quam]] ad portam venias, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Sooner, [[rather]]: Aegyptii [[quamvis]] carnificinam [[prius]] subierint, [[quam]] ibin aut aspidem [[violent]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; id. Lig. 12, 34; Caes. B. C. 3, 1.—Sometimes in an [[inverted]] [[order]]: ad hoc [[genus]] hominum duravi, [[quam]] [[prius]] me ad [[plures]] penetravi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13; Prop. 2, 14, 11 (3, 10, 10); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 576.—<br /> <b>B</b> In gen., [[formerly]], in [[former]] times ([[poet]].), Cat. 51, 13: sed haec [[prius]] fuere: [[nunc]], etc., id. 4, 25; Prop. 1, 1, 18. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=(1) <b>prĭŏr</b>,⁷ n. prĭŭs, ōris (racine pris ), [[compar]]. dont [[primus]] [[est]] le superl.,<br /><b>1</b> le [[plus]] en avant [en parl. de deux] : prioribus pedibus Nep. Eum. 5, 5, avec les pieds de devant, cf. Plin. 11, 131 || avec [[quam]], [[plus]] en avant que : Sall. J. 85, 12 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 20<br /><b>2</b> le premier de deux, précédent, antérieur : aliquem ædilem priorem facere Cic. Pis. 2, élire qqn édile le premier ; priore [[nocte]] Cic. Cat. 1, 8, la nuit précédente ; prioribus comitiis Cic. Planc. 54, dans les comices précédents ; priore [[loco]] causam dicere Cic. Quinct. 32, plaider le premier || [attrib.] [[prior]] occupavit Cæs. C. 1, 66, 4, il occupa le premier, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 82 || [subst<sup>t</sup>] priores, um, les prédécesseurs, les devanciers, les ancêtres : Virg. En. 3, 693 ; Ov. M. 15, 146 ; Sen. Ep. 52, 7<br /><b>3</b> [fig.] supérieur, [[plus]] remarquable : Sall. J. 10, 7 ; 96, 3 ; Liv. 27, 8, 6 || [[prius]] potiusque [[est]] avec inf. Liv. 36, 7, 6, il [[est]] meilleur et préférable de, cf. Liv. 8, 29, 9 ; 39, 47, 4. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 07:01, 14 August 2017
English > Greek (Woodhouse)
adj.
P. and V. πρότερος. More important: P. and V. πρεσβύτερος (rare P.). By the low which orders that the male line has the prior claim: P. νόμῳ ὃς κελεύει κρατεῖν τοὺς ἄρσενας (Isae. 85).
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
prĭor: and prĭus (old form also in
I neutr. prior, Val. Antias and Quadrig. ap. Prisc. p. 767), ōris, adj. comp. from obsol. prep. pri; v. primus init.], former, previous, prior, freq. to be translated first; cf. superior; Cicero nearly always uses prior, opp. to posterior, in time; superior in sense of former, in gen. relation to the present, when no other time is expressed; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 921 sq.
I Lit.: ita priori posterius, posteriori superius non jungitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: me quaestorem in primis, aedilem priorem, praetorem primum populus Romanus faciebat, id. Pis. 1, 2: qui prior has angustias occupaverit, first, Caes. B. C. 1, 66: prior proelio lacessere, id. ib. 1, 82: etsi utrique primas, priores tamen libenter deferunt Laelio, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: priore loco causam dicere, first, id. Quint. 9, 32: priore aestate, in the former summer, last summer, id. Fam. 1, 9, 24: priore nocte, id. Cat. 1, 4, 8: factum est enim meā culpā, ut priore anno non succederetur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: prioribus comitiis, id. Planc. 22, 54: priore anno, the year before, Liv. 3, 9, 7; 3, 10, 14; 4, 56, 5: prioris anni consules, id. 4, 13, 10; 4, 17, 9: Dionysius prior, the elder, Nep. Dion, 1, 3: vinum, of last year, Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: priore libro, in the previous book, Col. 4, 22, 9: pedes, the forefeet, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181: canities homini semper a priori parte capitis, tum deinde ab aversā, the forepart, Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131.—Pleon.: cum prior Romanus exercitus praevenisset, Liv. 9, 23, 2: prius praecepta res erat, id. 21, 32, 7; cf. id. 9, 23, 2.— Old neutr. prior: hoc senatusconsultum prior factum est, Val. Antias ap. Prisc. p. 767 P.: prior bellum, Quadrig. ib.: foedus prior, id. ib. (cf.: bellum Punicum posterior, Cass. Hem. ib.).—
2 Former, i. e. deceased (late Lat.): inter prieres fratres, Amm. 21, 6, 2.—
B Subst.: prĭōres, um, m., forefathers, ancestors, the ancients (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): abiturus illuc, quo priores abierunt, Phaedr. 4, 18, 16: nomen dixere priores Ortygiam, Verg. A. 3, 693: nec ingeniis investigata priorum, Ov. M. 15, 146; 332: priores tradiderunt, Col. 1, 4, 3: nostri, Plin. Ep. 3, 4: more priorum, Ov. M. 10, 218; Sen. Ep. 52, 2.—
II Trop., better, superior, preferable, more excellent or important (not in Cic. and Cæs.): bellante prior, Hor. C. S. 51: color puniceae flore prior rosae, id. C. 4, 10, 4; Ov. H. 18, 69: ut nemo haberetur prior, Liv. 27, 8: aetate et sapientiā, Sall. J. 10, 7: consilio et manu, id. ib. 96, 3: neque prius, neque antiquius quidquam habuit, quam, etc., Vell. 2, 52, 4.—Esp. with potior: potius quanto prius potiusque est Philippum nobis conjungere quam hos, Vell. 36, 7, 6: nulla (res) prior potiorque visa est, id. 8, 29, 2: nihil prius nec potius visum, id. 39, 47, 4: unus Plinius est mihi priores, i. e. worth more than they all, Sent. Augur. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4: artium multitudine prior omnibus, eloquentiā nulli secundus, App. Flor. 2, p. 346.—Hence, adv. comp.: prĭus.
A Before, sooner, first, previously (class.).
1 Alone: quem fuit aequius, ut prius introieram in vitam, sic prius exire de vitā, Cic. Lael. 4, 15: regem prius Europā, post et Asiā, expellere, Liv. 37, 52, 4: ut vos prius experti estis, nunc Antiochus experitur, id. 36, 17, 8; so, prius ... nunc, Verg. G. 3, 362: prius ... tum, Cato, R. R. 135; Liv. 34, 55, 5: prius .... postea, id. 29, 12, 11.—
2 With quam, and often joined in one word, priusquam.
(a) Before that, before: prius quam lucet, assunt, before dawn, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115: prius illi erimus quam tu, id. Ps. 2, 4, 68: prius quam plane aspexit ilico eum esse dixit, id. Rud. 4, 4, 87: nihil prius mihi faciendum putavi, quam ut, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1: cui prius quam de ceteris rebus respondeo, de amicitiā pauca dicam, before, id. Phil. 2, 1, 3: quod ego, prius quam loqui coepisti, sensi, id. Vatin. 2, 4: neque prius fugere destiterunt, quam ad flumen Rhenum pervenerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: quid potius faciam, prius quam me dormitum conferam, non reperio, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: priusquam aggrediar, etc., id. Balb. 7, 18: prius quam ad portam venias, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44.—
(b) Sooner, rather: Aegyptii quamvis carnificinam prius subierint, quam ibin aut aspidem violent, Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; id. Lig. 12, 34; Caes. B. C. 3, 1.—Sometimes in an inverted order: ad hoc genus hominum duravi, quam prius me ad plures penetravi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13; Prop. 2, 14, 11 (3, 10, 10); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 576.—
B In gen., formerly, in former times (poet.), Cat. 51, 13: sed haec prius fuere: nunc, etc., id. 4, 25; Prop. 1, 1, 18.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) prĭŏr,⁷ n. prĭŭs, ōris (racine pris ), compar. dont primus est le superl.,
1 le plus en avant [en parl. de deux] : prioribus pedibus Nep. Eum. 5, 5, avec les pieds de devant, cf. Plin. 11, 131
