κέραμος

English (LSJ)

ὁ, rare pl. κέραμα, τά, PPetr.3P.327 (iii B.C.):—

   A potter's earth, potter's clay, Pl.Ti.60d, Arist.Mete.384b19, etc.; κ. ὠμός, ὀπτώμενος, ib.380b8, 383a21.    II anything made of this earth, as    1 earthen vessel, wine-jar, ἐκ κεράμων μέθυ πίνετο Il.9.469, cf. Hdt.3.96; in collective sense, pottery, Ar.Ach.902, Men.Sam.75, al.; κ. ἐσάγεται πλήρης οἴνου jars full of wine, Hdt.3.6, cf. 5.88, Alex.257.3, etc.    b jar of other material, κ. ἀργυροῦς Ptol.Euerg.7J.    2 tile, Ar.V.1295 (of a tortoise's shell); collectively, tiling, τοῦ τέγους τὸν κέραμον αὐτοῦ χαλάζαις . . ξυντρίψομεν Id.Nu.1127, cf.Fr.349, Th. 2.4; Κορίνθιος κ. IG22.1668.58; Λακωνικός ib.463.69, 1672.188; roof, Pherecr.130.6, Herod.3.44, Gal.8.26, 9.824.    3 pottery (i.e.place of manufacture), ὁ κ. ὁ χυτρικός Tab.Defix.Praef.p.iib.    III dungeon (said by Sch. to be Cyprian), χαλκέῳ ἐν κεράμῳ δέδετο Il.5.387, cf. Thphr.Char.6.6 cod. M; pl., Nonn.D.16.162. (Possibly cogn. with Lat.cremo.)

German (Pape)

[Seite 1420] ὁ, Töpfererde, Töpferthon; Hom. ep. 14; Plat. Tim. 60 d; Ath. I, 28 c u. A. – Alles aus Töpfererde gemachte, Töpferwaaren, z. B. irdener Weinkrug, Il. 9, 469; κέραμος πλήρης οἴνου Her. 3, 6, öfter, übh. Flasche, Krug. – Dachziegel, καὶ τοῦ τέγους τὸν κέραμον αὐτοῦ χαλάζαις στρογγύλαις ξυντρίψομεν Ar. Nubb. 1111; λίθοις τε καὶ κεράμῳ βάλλειν Thuc. 2, 4, vgl. 4, 48; Sp., wie Hdn. 7, 13, 11; – das Dach, Antiphil. 12 Parmen. 8 (IX, 71. 114); übertr. auch von der Schildkröte, Ar. Vesp. 1295. – Auch das Gefängniß, der Kerker, χαλκέῳ δ' ἐν κεράμῳ δέδετο Il. 5, 387, nach Eustath. cyprisch.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

κέρᾰμος: ὁ, χῶμα ἢ πηλὸς χρήσιμος τῷ κεραμεῖ, Πλάτ. Τίμ. 60D, Ἀριστ., κλ.· κέρ. ὠμός, ἀντίθετ. τῷ ὀπτώμενος, Ἀριστ. Μετεωρ. 4. 3, 7., 4. 6, 6· πρβλ. Ἐπιγράμμ. Ὁμ. 14. ΙΙ. πᾶν πρᾶγμα κατεσκευασμένον ἐκ τοιούτου χώματος ἢ πηλοῦ, οἷον, 1) πήλινον ἀγγεῖν οἴνου, στάμνος, ἐκ κεράμων μέθυ πίνετο Ἰλ. Ι. 469, πρβλ. Ἡρόδ. 3. 96· ὡσαύτως περιληπτικῶς, πήλινα σκεύη, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 902, 905, 953, κ. ἀλλ.· κ. ἐσάγεται πλήρης οἴνου, στάμνοι πλήρεις οἴνου, Ἡρόδ. 3. 6, πρβλ. 5. 88, Ἄλεξ. ἐν «Φυγάδι» 1. 3· ἴδε κεραμεύς, κεραμίς. 2) «κεραμίδι», Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 1295 (ἐπὶ τοῦ ὀστράκου χελώνης)· καὶ περιληπτικῶς, οἱ κέραμοι τῆς στέγης, τὰ «κεραμίδια», τοῦ τέγους τὸν κέραμον αὐτοῦ... χαλάζαις συντρίψομεν Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 1127, πρβλ. Ἀποσπ. 129, Θουκ. 2. 4. ΙΙΙ. εἱρκτή, φυλακή, (κατὰ τὸν Σχολ. Κυπρία χρῆσις τῆς λέξεως), χαλκέῳ ἐν κεράμῳ δέδετο Ἰλ. Ε. 387· πρβλ. χήραμος. (Πρβλ. Σανσκρ. ←ra (coquere), ἴσως συγγενὲς τῇ √ΚΡΑ, κεράννυμι). ― Ἴδε Κόντον ἐν Γλωσσ. Παρατηρ. σ. 359.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (ὁ) :
I. terre de potier, argile;
II. tout objet fabriqué en terre cuite :
1 vase ; au sg. avec sens collect. vaisselle, poterie;
2 tuile, brique ; au sg. avec sens collect. poterie;
3 prison.
Étymologie: R. Κραμ, brûler ; cf. lat. cremo.

English (Autenrieth)

anything of earthen ware, pot or jar, such as are sometimes found half buried in the earth (see cut), Il. 3.469; in Il. 5.387, χαλκέῳ ἐν κεράμῳ, serving as a dungeon (cf. the pit into which Joseph was thrown by his brethren).

English (Strong)

probably from the base of κεράννυμι (through the idea of mixing clay and water); earthenware, i.e. a tile (by analogy, a thin roof or awning): tiling.

English (Thayer)

κεράμου, ὁ (κεράννυμι);
1. clay, potter's earth.
2. anything made of clay, earthen ware.
3. specifically, a (roofing) tile (Thucydides, Athen., Hdian, others); the roof itself (Aristophanes from 129d.): so διά τῶν κεράμων, through the roof, i. e. through the door in the roof to which a ladder or stairway led up from the street (accordingly the rabbis distinguish two ways of entering a house, 'the way through the door' and 'the way through the roof' (Lightfoot Horae Hebrew, p. 601); cf. Winer s RWB, under the word Dach; Keim, ii., p. 176f (English translation 3:215; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, i., 501 f; Jewish Social Life, p. 93ff)), ἀποστεγάζω), evidently led into error by misapprehending the words of Luke. (But, to say nothing of the improbability of assuming Mark's narrative to be dependent on Luke's, the alleged discrepance disappears if Luke's language is taken literally, through the tiles (see διά, A. I:1); he says nothing of the door in the roof. On the various views that have been taken of the details of the occurrence, see B. D. (especially American edition) under the word Smith's Bible Dictionary, House; Dr. James Morison, Commentary on Mark , at the passage cited.)