πῶμα: Difference between revisions
οὐ μακαριεῖς τὸν γέροντα, καθ' ὅσον γηράσκων τελευτᾷ, ἀλλ' εἰ τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς συμπεπλήρωται· ἕνεκα γὰρ χρόνου πάντες ἐσμὲν ἄωροι → do not count happy the old man who dies in old age, unless he is full of goods; in fact we are all unripe in regards to time
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|Beta Code=pw=ma | |Beta Code=pw=ma | ||
|Definition=(A), ατος, τό, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">lid, cover</b>, φαρέτρης <span class="bibl">Il.4.116</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.314</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.76</span>; χηλοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.16.221</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.443</span>; <b class="b3">πίθου, πίθοιο</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>94</span>,<span class="bibl">98</span>; κάδων <span class="bibl">Archil.4</span>; κεραμίων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>481.26</span> (iii B.C., pl.); [<b class="b3">κιβωτοῦ</b>] <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Rom.</span>28</span>; σιδηροῦν <span class="bibl">Plb.22.11.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει ἡ ἀρτηρία</b> (the windpipe) οἷον π. τὴν ἐπιγλωττίδα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>530a21</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπέθηκα τῇ θύρᾳ τὸ π</b>. the stone <b class="b2">that closed</b> the entrance, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>2.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. λάϊνον</b>, of a tomb, <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).93 (Imbros); | |Definition=(A), ατος, τό, <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">lid, cover</b>, φαρέτρης <span class="bibl">Il.4.116</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.314</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.76</span>; χηλοῦ <span class="bibl">Il.16.221</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.8.443</span>; <b class="b3">πίθου, πίθοιο</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>94</span>,<span class="bibl">98</span>; κάδων <span class="bibl">Archil.4</span>; κεραμίων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>481.26</span> (iii B.C., pl.); [<b class="b3">κιβωτοῦ</b>] <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Rom.</span>28</span>; σιδηροῦν <span class="bibl">Plb.22.11.16</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει ἡ ἀρτηρία</b> (the windpipe) οἷον π. τὴν ἐπιγλωττίδα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>530a21</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπέθηκα τῇ θύρᾳ τὸ π</b>. the stone <b class="b2">that closed</b> the entrance, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>2.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. λάϊνον</b>, of a tomb, <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).93 (Imbros); [[operculum]] of univalves, πορφύρας πώματα Dsc.2.7, cf. 8, <span class="title">Eup.</span>2.63; of the Egyptian bean, Id.2.106.</span><br /><span class="bld">πῶμα</span> (B), ατος, τό, (πίνω, πέπωκα) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">drink, draught</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>266</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>715</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>392</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ba.</span>279</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>406a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ ἀναγκαῖα π</b>. <b class="b2">drinking water</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>844b</span>: pl., <b class="b3">εὐτρεφέστατον πωμάτων</b>, of Dirce, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>308</span>(lyr.):—the short form πόμα occurs in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span> 3.79</span> (metaph.), and in later Poets, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>8.20</span> P., <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span>105</span>, <span class="bibl">299</span>, <span class="bibl">Man.3.71</span> (poet. dat. pl. πομάτεσσι Hsch.); also in Ionic and later Prose, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>5</span> (opp. <b class="b3">ῥύφημα</b>), <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.23</span>, Phld.<span class="title">Mus.</span>p.51 K., cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.6.15</span>; but only as v.l. in correct Attic writers, as <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>117b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phlb.</span>34e</span>:—for πομάτιον in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>578.8</span> Dind. restores <b class="b3">πόμα τι</b> from Hsch. s.v. [[μελίτιον]]. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">drinking-cup</b>, Hsch.</span> | ||
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Revision as of 11:00, 29 June 2020
English (LSJ)
(A), ατος, τό,
A lid, cover, φαρέτρης Il.4.116, cf. Od.9.314, B.5.76; χηλοῦ Il.16.221, cf. Od.8.443; πίθου, πίθοιο, Hes.Op.94,98; κάδων Archil.4; κεραμίων PCair.Zen.481.26 (iii B.C., pl.); [κιβωτοῦ] Plu. Rom.28; σιδηροῦν Plb.22.11.16; ἔχει ἡ ἀρτηρία (the windpipe) οἷον π. τὴν ἐπιγλωττίδα Arist.Resp.476a34, cf. HA530a21, al.; ἐπέθηκα τῇ θύρᾳ τὸ π. the stone that closed the entrance, Luc.DMar.2.2; π. λάϊνον, of a tomb, IG12(8).93 (Imbros); operculum of univalves, πορφύρας πώματα Dsc.2.7, cf. 8, Eup.2.63; of the Egyptian bean, Id.2.106.
πῶμα (B), ατος, τό, (πίνω, πέπωκα)
A drink, draught, A.Eu.266 (lyr.), S.Ph.715 (lyr.), E.Hec.392 (prob.), Ba.279 (prob.), Pl.R.406a, etc.; τὰ ἀναγκαῖα π. drinking water, Id.Lg.844b: pl., εὐτρεφέστατον πωμάτων, of Dirce, A. Th.308(lyr.):—the short form πόμα occurs in Pi.N. 3.79 (metaph.), and in later Poets, Call.Fr.8.20 P., Nic.Al.105, 299, Man.3.71 (poet. dat. pl. πομάτεσσι Hsch.); also in Ionic and later Prose, Hp.VM5 (opp. ῥύφημα), Hdt.3.23, Phld.Mus.p.51 K., cf. Poll.6.15; but only as v.l. in correct Attic writers, as Pl.Phd.117b, Phlb.34e:—for πομάτιον in EM578.8 Dind. restores πόμα τι from Hsch. s.v. μελίτιον. II drinking-cup, Hsch.
German (Pape)
[Seite 827] τό (πίνω, πέπωκα), der Trank; π οταμοὺς δ' οἲ διὰ χώρας θελεμὸν πῶμα χέουσιν, Aesch. Suppl. 1027, u. öfter; Soph. Phil. 706; Eur. Bacch. 707 u. öfter, Plut. Critia. 115 b u. oft, wie Folgde. τό, der Deckel; φαρέτρης, Il. 4, 116; χηλοῦ, 16, 221, u. oft; πώμασιν ἄρσον ἅπαντας (sc. ἀμφιφορεῖς), Od. 2, 353; πίθου, Hes. O. 94. 98; Archil. frg. 49; u. in Prosa: σιδηροῦν, Pol. 22, 11, 16; κιβωτοῦ, Plut. Rom. 28, Luc. Icarom. 25.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πῶμα: τό, κάλυμμα, σκέπασμα, φαρέτρης Ἰλ. Δ. 116, Ὀδ. Ι. 314· χηλοῦ Ἰλ. Π. 221, Ὀδ. Θ. 443· πίθου Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 94. 98· κάδου Ἀρχίλ. 4· σιδηροῦν Πολύβ. 22. 11, 16· ἔχει ἡ ἀρτηρία (ὁ λάρυγξ) οἷον π. τὴν ἐπιγλωττίδα Ἀριστ. περὶ Ἀναπν. 11, 4, πρβλ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 4. 4, 34 κ. ἀλλ.· π. τῆς θύρας τοῦ ἄντρου, ὁ λίθος ὅστις ἔφραττε τὴν εἴσοδον, Λουκ. Ἐνάλ. Διάλ. 2. 2. (Ἄγνωστος ἡ ἐτυμολογία).
French (Bailly abrégé)
1ατος (τό) :
I. couvercle :
1 couvercle de vase ou de tonneau;
2 couvercle de carquois;
3 couvercle de coffre, de trappe;
II. pierre qui bouche l’entrée d’un antre.
Étymologie: R. Πω, couvrir.
2ατος (τό) :
1 ce qu’on boit, boisson, potion;
2 eau potable.
Étymologie: R. Πο, boire ; v. πίνω pf. πέπωκα, lat. potus, poculum, etc.
English (Autenrieth)
ατος: lid, cover, of a chest, a vase, a quiver, Il. 16.221, Od. 2.353, Il. 4.116. (See the quiver of Heracles in cut.)
Greek Monolingual
(I)
το / πῶμα, πώματος, ΝΑ
κάλυμμα, σκέπασμα, τάπα, καπάκι (α. «βάλε το πώμα στο μπουκάλι γιατί θα εξατμιστεί το οινόπνευμα» β. «ὡς εἴ τε φαρέτρη πῶμ' ἐπιθείη», Ομ. Οδ.)
αρχ.
τάφος, μνήμα («εἶδε δὲ τέκνου πώματι λαϊνέῳ σῶμα κατισχόμενον», επιγρ.).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. πῶμα (< pō-mn με επίθημα -μα τών ρηματικών ονομάτων, πρβλ. δρά-μα) ανάγεται στην ΙΕ ρίζα pō(i)- / pō-y- «προστατεύω, φυλάσσω, στεγάζω» με βουκολική σημ., στην οποία ανάγονται και οι τ. πῶυ «αγέλη», ποίμνη «κοπάδι», ποιμήν «βοσκός» (βλ. λ. ποιμένας), καθώς και το αρχ. ινδ. pāti «προφυλάσσω»].
(II)
πώματος, τὸ, Α, και πόμα, -ατος, ΜΑ
1. καθετί που πίνεται, ποτό
2. (κατά τον Ησύχ.) ποτήρι
3. φρ. «τὰ ἀναγκαῑα πώματα» — πόσιμο νερό.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Βλ. λ. πίνω.
Greek Monotonic
πῶμα: -ατος, τό (√ΠΟ σε μερικούς χρόνους του πίνω), ποτό, ρόφημα, σε Τραγ., Πλάτ. κ.λπ.
• πῶμα: -ατος, τό, σκέπασμα, κάλυμμα, σε Όμηρ. (άγν. προέλ.).
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πῶμα: ατος τό Trag., Plat. = πόμα.
ατος τό крышка, клапан (φαρέτρης Hom.; πίθου Hes.; κιβωτοῦ Plut.).
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
πῶμα -ατος, τό deksel, afsluiting.
πῶμα -ατος, τό ook πόμα [πίνω] drank; spec. drinkwater:. ὕδωρ... Διρκαῖον, εὐτραφέστατον πωμάτων het water van de Dirce, de gezondste drank Aeschl. Sept. 308.
Frisk Etymological English
1.
Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: lid, cover of chest, pot, tube etc. (ep. ion. Il., Arist., hell. a. late).
Derivatives: πωμ-άτιον n. dimin. (Sor.); -ατίας m. kind of snail (Dsc.) and two denominatives: 1. πωμάζω, also m. ἐπι-, περι- a.o. to cover, close with a lid (Arist., Hero a.o.) with ἐπιπωμασμός (Eust.) and the backformation ἐπίπωμα lid (Gal. a.o.), to which ἐπιπωματικός (sch.); 2. πωματίζω, mostly ἐπι-, περι-, ἀπο-'id.' (Arist., Thphr. a.o.) with ἐπιπωμάτισις (VIp). To this the seemingly primary ἐπιπωμάννυμαι to be covered (Hero).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [787] *peh₂- guard, protect
Etymology: Old verbal noun from IE *poh₂-mn̥ beside *poh₂-tro-m n. in Skt. pā́tram case, barrel, Germ., e.g. Goth. fodr sheath, cover, NHG Futter (of cloth). The primary verb is retained in Skt. pā́-ti guard, protect (IE *peh₂-). On the basis of the words belonging to it, ποιμήν, πῶυ (< *πῶι̯υ) one posited a root with an original long diphthong pōi- (thus Pok. 839); s. ποιμήν w. further lit. (we now know that they had (*peh₂-i-, poh₂-i-).
2. Meaning: drink
See also: s. πίνω.
Middle Liddell
πῶμα, ατος, τό, [ΠΟ, Root of some tenses of πίνω
a drink, a draught, Trag., Plat., etc.
πῶμα, ατος, τό,
a lid, cover, Hom. [Of unknown origin.]
Frisk Etymology German
πῶμα: 1.
{pō̃ma}
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Deckel an Kasten, Krügen, Köchern usw. (ep. ion. seit Il., Arist., hell. u. sp.).
Derivative: Davon πωμάτιον n. Demin. (Sor.), -ατίας m. Art Schnecke (Dsk.) und zwei Denominativa: 1. πωμάζω, auch m. ἐπι-, περι- u.a. mit einem Deckel schließen, zudecken (Arist., Hero u.a.) mit ἐπιπωμασμός (Eust.) und der Rückbildung ἐπίπωμα Deckel (Gal. u.a.), wozu ἐπιπωματικός (Sch.); 2. πωματίζω, meist ἐπι-, περι-, ἀπο-’ds.’ (Arist., Thphr. u.a.) mit ἐπιπωμάτισις (VIp). Dazu das scheinbar primäre ἐπιπωμάννυμαι zugedeckt werden (Hero).
Etymology : Altes Verbalnomen aus idg. *pō-mn̥ neben *pō-tro-m n. in aind. pā́tram Behälter, Gefäß, germ., z.B. got. fodr Scheide, Futteral, nhd. Futter (des Kleides). Das primäre Verb ist in aind. pā́-ti hüten, schützen erhalten. Die dazu gehörigen ποιμήν, πῶυ (aus *πῶι̯υ) lassen einen urspr. Langdiphthong pōi- erkennen; s. ποιμήν m. weiterer Lit.
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2.
{pō̃ma}
Meaning: Trank
See also: s. πίνω.
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