ἀφελής: Difference between revisions
Φίλιππον ἐπιστῆσαι τοῖς πράγμασι τούτοις → let Philip have a hand in the business, surrender control to Philip
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|Transliteration C=afelis | |Transliteration C=afelis | ||
|Beta Code=a)felh/s | |Beta Code=a)felh/s | ||
|Definition=ές, (φελλεύς) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">without a stone, even, smooth</b>, διὰ τῶν ἀφελῶν πεδίων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>527</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> [[artless]], [[simple]], of persons, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>723</span>, <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Ep.</span>4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>4.3</span>; εὔκολος καὶ ἀ. Plu.<span class="title">Cat. Ma.</span>6; ἀφελέστατοι τῶν πρότερον <span class="bibl">Phylarch.43</span>; [[frater]] ἀφελέστατος <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>1.18.1</span>; ἀ. κατὰ τὴν ἐσθῆτα <span class="bibl">Plb.11.10.3</span>; also ἀ. ἐντεύξεις <span class="bibl">Id.18.49.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ψυχή</b> [[simple]], in good sense, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1839. Adv. -λῶς, ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Plb.38.7.4</span>; μετρίως καὶ ἀ. οἰκεῖν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>40</span>; [[naively]], <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">QF</span> 1.2.3</span> (prob.); πολλὰ ἀ. πιστεύσας ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.168.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in bad sense, [[bold]], [[brazen]], AP5.41 (Rufin.). Adv. <b class="b3">-λῶς, παίζουσα</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Thgn.1211</span>; κατηγορίαν ποιήσασθαι Aristid.2.116J. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Rhet., [[simple]], [[not intricate]] or [[involved]], opp. ἐν κώλοις, περίοδος <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1409b16</span>: generally, of style, | |Definition=ές, (φελλεύς) <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">without a stone, even, smooth</b>, διὰ τῶν ἀφελῶν πεδίων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>527</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> [[artless]], [[simple]], of persons, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>723</span>, <span class="bibl">D.<span class="title">Ep.</span>4.11</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>4.3</span>; εὔκολος καὶ ἀ. Plu.<span class="title">Cat. Ma.</span>6; ἀφελέστατοι τῶν πρότερον <span class="bibl">Phylarch.43</span>; [[frater]] ἀφελέστατος <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>1.18.1</span>; ἀ. κατὰ τὴν ἐσθῆτα <span class="bibl">Plb.11.10.3</span>; also ἀ. ἐντεύξεις <span class="bibl">Id.18.49.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. ψυχή</b> [[simple]], in good sense, <span class="title">IG</span>14.1839. Adv. -λῶς, ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Plb.38.7.4</span>; μετρίως καὶ ἀ. οἰκεῖν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>40</span>; [[naively]], <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">QF</span> 1.2.3</span> (prob.); πολλὰ ἀ. πιστεύσας ἀπώλεσεν <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.168.23</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">b</span> in bad sense, [[bold]], [[brazen]], AP5.41 (Rufin.). Adv. <b class="b3">-λῶς, παίζουσα</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Thgn.1211</span>; κατηγορίαν ποιήσασθαι Aristid.2.116J. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> Rhet., [[simple]], [[not intricate]] or [[involved]], opp. ἐν κώλοις, περίοδος <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1409b16</span>: generally, of style, [[affecting simplicity]] or [[artlessness]], τὸ ἀ. <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>22</span>; λέξις λιτὴ καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Dem.</span>2</span>; φράσις ἰσχνὴ καὶ ἀ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>2</span>; λέξις ἀ. καὶ ἄθρυπτος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lyc.</span>21</span>; ἀφέλεια -εστέρα <span class="bibl">Hermog.<span class="title">Id.</span>2.12</span>. Adv. <b class="b3">-λῶς, γράφειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">10</span>.</span> | ||
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|etymtx=-ές<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[artless]], [[simple]] (Ion.-Att.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀφέλεια</b>, <b class="b3">-είη</b> f. (Hp.); Chantr. Form. 298.<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements].<br />Etymology: Most improbable Persson Beitr. 2, 797 n. 3 . <b class="b2">without a stone, even</b> (this etymology is even given by LSJ as the meaning!), with <b class="b3">φελλεύς</b> | |etymtx=-ές<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[artless]], [[simple]] (Ion.-Att.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἀφέλεια</b>, <b class="b3">-είη</b> f. (Hp.); Chantr. Form. 298.<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements].<br />Etymology: Most improbable Persson Beitr. 2, 797 n. 3 . <b class="b2">without a stone, even</b> (this etymology is even given by LSJ as the meaning!), with <b class="b3">φελλεύς</b> [[stony terrain]] (Chantr. points to the double <b class="b3">λλ</b>). New analysis by Taillardat, CEG 2, 153f. The word means <b class="b2">without quality, positive or negative</b>; from <b class="b3">ἀφ-ελεῖν</b>. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 15:08, 1 July 2020
English (LSJ)
ές, (φελλεύς)
A without a stone, even, smooth, διὰ τῶν ἀφελῶν πεδίων Ar.Eq.527. II artless, simple, of persons, S.Fr.723, D.Ep.4.11, Luc.DDeor.4.3; εὔκολος καὶ ἀ. Plu.Cat. Ma.6; ἀφελέστατοι τῶν πρότερον Phylarch.43; frater ἀφελέστατος Cic.Att.1.18.1; ἀ. κατὰ τὴν ἐσθῆτα Plb.11.10.3; also ἀ. ἐντεύξεις Id.18.49.4; ἀ. ψυχή simple, in good sense, IG14.1839. Adv. -λῶς, ἔχειν Plb.38.7.4; μετρίως καὶ ἀ. οἰκεῖν Plu.Pomp.40; naively, Cic.QF 1.2.3 (prob.); πολλὰ ἀ. πιστεύσας ἀπώλεσεν Vett.Val.168.23. b in bad sense, bold, brazen, AP5.41 (Rufin.). Adv. -λῶς, παίζουσα dub. l. in Thgn.1211; κατηγορίαν ποιήσασθαι Aristid.2.116J. 2 Rhet., simple, not intricate or involved, opp. ἐν κώλοις, περίοδος Arist. Rh.1409b16: generally, of style, affecting simplicity or artlessness, τὸ ἀ. D.H.Comp.22; λέξις λιτὴ καὶ ἀ. Id.Dem.2; φράσις ἰσχνὴ καὶ ἀ. Id.Pomp.2; λέξις ἀ. καὶ ἄθρυπτος Plu.Lyc.21; ἀφέλεια -εστέρα Hermog.Id.2.12. Adv. -λῶς, γράφειν ib.10.
German (Pape)
[Seite 408] ές (φελλεύς), 1) ohne Steine, eben, πεδία weite, ebene Felder, Ar. Equ. 525. – 2) ohne Anstoß. tadellos, αἰδώς Anacr. 16, 36. – Gew. 3) einfach, schmucklos, ἀφελέστατος καὶ ἁπλοϊκώτατος Luc. Alex. 4. Bei Ruf. ep. 35 (V, 42) Ggstz λίαν σώφρων; vgl. Cic. Attic. 1, 18, vom Essen. – Adv. ἀφελῶς, z. B. φαγεῖν Plut. Caes. 17; ἑστιαθεὶς ἀφελῶς καὶ μουσικῶς Ath. X, 419 c.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἀφελής: -ές, (φελλεὺς) ἄνευ λίθων, ἐπίπεδος, ὁμαλός, διὰ τῶν ἀφελῶν πεδίων Ἀριστοφ. Ἱππ. 527· μνημονεύεται ἐκ τοῦ Σοφ. (Ἀποσπ. 648) ἐν Α. Β. 83. 23. ΙΙ. ἐπὶ προσώπων, ἁπλοῦς, ἀπέριττος, ἁπλοϊκός, Δημ. 1489. 19, Λουκ. Θεῶν Διάλ. 4. 3· ἀφ. ψυχή, ἁπλῆ, ἐπὶ καλῆς σημασίας, Ἐπιγράμμ. Ἑλλ. 727. 5, πρβλ. 14: - Ἐπίρρ. ἀφελῶς, μετ’ ἀφελείας, ἁπλότητος, Θέογν. 1211. Πολύβ. 39. 1, 4, Πλουτ. Πομπ. 40, κτλ. 2) ἐπὶ γλώσσης, ἢ ὕφους, οὐχὶ περίπλοκος, ἢ πολύπλοκος, κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὸ ἐν κώλοις, Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 3. 9, 5· ἀπέριττος, ἄτεχνος, ἀπροσποίητος, Πλουτ. Λυκ. 21.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ής, ές :
non raboteux ; fig. simple, sans recherche ; sans art, sincère, naïf.
Étymologie: ἀ, R. Φελ grossir, se gonfler ; cf. φελλεύς.
Spanish (DGE)
-ές
I 1llano, abierto διὰ τῶν ἀφελῶν πεδίων Ar.Eq.527, (pero πεδία ἀφελῆ· τὰ σύνδενδρα Hsch.)
•descubierto, desvelado αἰδώς Anacreont.17.36.
2 fig., de pers. o su carácter llano, abierto, sencillo s. cont., S.Fr.723, ἀ. καὶ παρρησίας μεστός D.Ep.4.11, cf. Plb.26.1.7, frater ἀφελέστατος et amantissimus Cic.Att.18.1, παῖς ἀ. Luc.DDeor.4.3, ἀ. καὶ ὄρειος Luc.DIud.1, εὔκολος καὶ ἀ. Plu.Cat.Ma.6, γυνή Plu.2.528b, ψυχή IUrb.Rom.1268.5 (II/III d.C.), κατὰ τὴν δίαιταν ἀ. Phylarch.44, κατὰ τὴν ἐσθῆτα Plb.11.10.3, tb. de abstr. ἀ. καὶ ἀπερίεργος χρῆσις Posidon.266, (ἐντεύξεις) ἀφελεῖς καὶ φιλάνθρωποι (tratos) llanos y afables Plb.18.49.4, cf. Teles 4a p.40
•simple, ingenuo, íntegro Ephr.Syr.2.115A, Hsch., Phot.α 3311
•subst. τὸ ἀφελές sencillez Plu.2.406d
•ingenuidad Longus 2.39.2
•neutr. como adv. ἀφελὲς πεπλοκισμένη peinada con sencillez Hp.Ep.15.
3 fig., del estilo sencillo, no afectado, pulcro Arist.Rh.1409b16, λέξις λιτὴ καὶ ἀ. D.H.Dem.2, cf. Is.2, Isoc.2.4, Plu.Lyc.21, φράσις ἰσχνὴ καὶ ἀ. D.H.Pomp.2, λόγος Aristid.Quint.7.3.10
•simple, elemental γνωμολογία Plu.2.712b, παροιμιῶδές τι, βαρβαρικὸν μὲν καὶ ἀφελές Agath.3.6.5
•subst. τὸ ἀφελές falta de afectación, pulcritud D.H.Comp.22.5, Aristid.Quint.73.18.
4 neutr. sg. adv., sent. dud. quizá de manera excelente o preeminente Philoch.en Phot.α 3311.
II en sent. peyor.
1 tullido, tarado de víctimas para el sacrificio, Sol.Lg.82.
2 de pers. simple, tonto Socr.Sch.HE 1.8.
3 desenvuelto, desenfadado μισῶ τὴν ἀφελῆ, μισῶ τὴν σώφρονα λίαν odio a la desenfadada, odio a la demasiado recatada, AP 5.42 (Rufin.).
III adv. -ῶς
1 sin veladuras, a las claras ἀ. δ' ἔλαμψε Τιτάν Anacreont.46.7.
2 con llaneza, sencillamente ἀ. ἔχων Νομαδικῷ τινι τρόπῳ Plb.38.7.4, μετρίως καὶ ἀ. οἰκεῖν Plu.Pomp.40, κόμην ἀ. πεπλοκισμένη Aristaenet.1.19.58
•ingenuamente πολλὰ ἀ. πιστεύσας ἀπώλεσεν Vett.Val.159.27.
3 ret., del estilo sin afectación, con sencillez, pulcramente Isoc.4.11, Cic.QF 1.2.3, τὸ ἀ. λέγειν D.H.Isoc.2, cf. Is.7, Hermog.Id.2.10 (p.392), ῥητορικὴ μὲν τριβῇ ἀφελῶς Phld.Rh.2.199Aur.
4 en sent. peyor. desenfadadamente ἀ. παίζουσα Thgn.1211, ἀ. κατηγορίαν ποιήσασθαι Aristid.Or.3.1. • DMic.: a-pe-re (?).
• Etimología: Etim. dud. Quizá adj. deriv. del aor. tem. ἀφελ-εῖν c. el significado de ‘privado de’.
Greek Monolingual
-ές (AM ἀφελής, -ές)
1. ανεπιτήδευτος, απλός
2. (για πρόσωπα) απλοϊκός, επιπόλαιος
μσν.
υγιής, ακέραιος
αρχ.
1. (για έδαφος) στρωτός, χωρίς πέτρες
2. το ουδ. ως ουσ. τὸ ἀφελές
η απλότητα (κυρίως στο ύφος του λόγου).
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Λ. αβέβαιης ετυμολογίας, της οποίας η αρχική σημασία είναι δύσκολο να καθοριστεί λόγω του ότι εμφανίστηκε αργά. Εάν όμως θεωρηθεί ότι η αρχαία σημασία της λ. παραδίδεται στο χωρίο του Αριστοφ. «διά των αφελών πεδίων» (Ιππής 527) «ομαλών, χωρίς πέτρες», τότε γίνεται παραδεκτή η ετυμολ. αφελής < α- στερ. + (ουδ.) φέλος, που συνδέεται με το φελλεύς «πετρώδες έδαφος». Εξάλλου μία σύνδεση με τα ζάφελος, ζαφελής «ορμητικός, βίαιος» φαίνεται αστήρικτη].
Greek Monotonic
ἀφελής: -ές (φελλεύς), αυτός που δεν έχει λίθους, ομαλός, λείος, επίπεδος, σε Αριστοφ.· λέγεται για πρόσωπα, απλός, απέριττος, απλοϊκός, σε Δημ., Λουκ.· επίρρ. ἀφελῶς, απλώς, γενικά, χονδρικά, με αφέλεια, σε Θέογν.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἀφελής:
1) ровный, гладкий (πεδία Arph.);
2) безукоризненный (αἰδώς Anacr.);
3) простой, неприхотливый (δεῖπνον Plut.);
4) простой, несложный (περίοδος Arst.);
5) простой, прямодушный, бесхитростный (sc. ἀνήρ Dem., Plut., Luc.).
Frisk Etymological English
-ές
Grammatical information: adj.
Meaning: artless, simple (Ion.-Att.).
Derivatives: ἀφέλεια, -είη f. (Hp.); Chantr. Form. 298.
Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements].
Etymology: Most improbable Persson Beitr. 2, 797 n. 3 . without a stone, even (this etymology is even given by LSJ as the meaning!), with φελλεύς stony terrain (Chantr. points to the double λλ). New analysis by Taillardat, CEG 2, 153f. The word means without quality, positive or negative; from ἀφ-ελεῖν.
Middle Liddell
φελλεύς?]
without a stone, even, smooth, Ar.: metaph. of persons, simple, plain, blunt, Dem., Luc.:—adv. ἀφελῶς, simply, roughly, Theogn.
Frisk Etymology German
ἀφελής: -ές
{aphelḗs}
Meaning: einfach, schmucklos (ion. att.).
Derivative: Ableitungen: αφέλεια, -είη f. (Hp., Antiph. usw.); spät ἀφελότης f. (Act. Ap., Vett. Val.), vgl. Chantraine Formation 298.
Etymology : Nicht sicher erklärt. Nach Persson Beitr. 2, 797 A. 3 eig. "ohne Unebenheit", von α privativum und *φέλος n., das u. a. auch in φελλεύς unebener, steiniger Boden (s. d.) vorliegen soll. Ebenso Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 494.
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