σκάνδαλον

German (Pape)

[Seite 889] τό, spätere Form für σκανδάληθρον, 1) bes. ein dem Feinde gelegter Fallstrick, vgl. Schol. Il. 2, 67. – 2) Anstoß, Aergerniß, Skandal, N. T.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

σκάνδᾰλον: τό, (ἴδε σκανδάληθρον), παγὶς ἢ βρόχος στηθεὶς ὑπὸ ἐχθροῦ, Εβδ. (Ἰησ. ΚΓ΄, 13, Α΄, Βασ. ΙΗ΄, 21), πρβλ. Ἐπιστ. πρ. Ρωμ. ια΄, 7, Α΄, Ἐπιστ. Πέτρ. β΄, 7· - μεταφορ., πειρασμός, πρόσκομμα, Εὐαγγ. κ. Ματθ. ιη΄, 7, κ. Λουκ. ιζ΄, 1, κτλ.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (τό) :
piège placé sur le chemin, obstacle pour faire tomber ; fig. scandale.
Étymologie: R. Σκαδ, tomber ; cf. lat. cadere.

English (Strong)

("scandal"); probably from a derivative of κάμπτω; a trap-stick (bent sapling), i.e. snare (figuratively, cause of displeasure or sin): occasion to fall (of stumbling), offence, thing that offends, stumblingblock.

English (Thayer)

σκανδάλου, τό, a purely Biblical (occurring some twenty-five times in the Greek O. T., and fifteen, quotations included, in the New)) and ecclesiastical word for σκανδάληθρον, which occurs occasionally in native Greek writings; the Sept. for מוקֵשׁ (a noose, a snare) and מִכְשׁול;
a. properly, "the movable stick or tricker (`trigger') of a trap, trap-stick; a trap, snare; any impediment placed in the way and causing one to stumble or fall" (a stumblingblock, occasion of stumbling): πέτρα σκανκαλου (A. V. a rock of offence), i. e. a rock which is a cause of stumbling (Latin offendiculum) — figuratively applied to Jesus Christ, whose person and career were so contrary to the expectations of the Jews concerning the Messiah, that they rejected him and by their obstinacy made shipwreck of salvation (see πρόσκομμα), Winer's Grammar, 32); α. of persons (σκάνδαλον " non ex effectu, sed ex natura et condicione propria dicitur," Calov.); so Χριστός ἐσταυρωμένος is called (because his ignominious death on the cross roused the opposition of the Jews), β. of things: τιθέναι τίνι σκάνδαλον (literally, in to put a stumbling-block in one's way, i. e. to do that by which another is led to sin, βάλλειν σκάνδαλον ἐνώπιον τίνος (to cast a stumbling-block before one), οὐκ ἐστι σκάνδαλον ἐν τίνι (see εἰμί, V:4. e.), σκάνδαλα, words or deeds which entice to sin (Buttmann, 322 (277) n.; Winer's Grammar, 371 (348)); σκάνδαλα ποιεῖν παρά τήν διδαχήν, to cause persons to be drawn away from the true doctrine into error and sin (cf. παρά, III:2a.), τό σκάνδαλον τοῦ σταυροῦ, the offence which the cross, i. e. Christ's death on the cross, gives (cf. α. at the end above), (R. V. the stumbling-block of the cross), Psalm 69:23>).

Greek Monotonic

σκάνδᾰλον: τό, παγίδα, ενέδρα ή επιβουλή που έχει στηθεί ή μεθοδευτεί εναντίον του εχθρού, σε Καινή Διαθήκη· μεταφ., η πέτρα του σκανδάλου, πράξη που προκαλεί αναστάτωση, σκάνδαλο, στο ίδ. (άγν. προέλ.).

Russian (Dvoretsky)

σκάνδᾰλον: τό
1) соблазн (οἱ τὰ σκάνδαλα ποιοῦντες NT);
2) предмет ужаса или отвращения (Ἰουδαίοις μὲν σ., Ἓλλησι δὲ μωρία NT).

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

σκάνδαλον -ου, τό valstrik; overdr. verleiding, verzoeking; NT Mt. 18.7; aanstoot. NT 1 Cor. 1.23.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: trap, usu. (semitism) temptation, scandal (LXX, NT; PCair. Zen. 608, 7; IIIa [-άνων gen. pl.]).
Derivatives: 1. σκανδαλ-ίζω to tempt (to sin), to give offence, to annoy, -ίζομαι to be tempted to sin, to take offence (LXX, NT) with -ιστής m. des. of an acrobat, e.g. trapeze-artist (SIG 847, 5; IIp; on the meaning below); 2. -όω id. (Aq.). Besides σκανδάλ-η f. stick of a trap (Alciphr. 3, 21, 1: κρεᾳδιον τῆς σκανδάλης ἀπαρτήσας; reading not quite certain), -ος ἐμποδισμός H. -- σκανδάλ-ηθρον n. (Ar. Ach. 687: σκανδάληθρ' ἱστὰς ἐπῶν), after sch. ad loc. the crooked stick in the trap (τὸ ἐν παῖς παγίσι ἐπικαμπες ξύλον), after Poll. 7, 114 that which is bound with the cord (τὸ τῃ̃ σπαρτίνῃ προσηρτημένον as opposed to παττάλιον = τὸ ἱστάμενόν τε καὶ σχαζόμενον [τῆς μυάγρας]; Poll. 10, 156 σκανδάληθρον is identified with παττάλιον.
Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [not in Pok.], PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: As instrument noun σκάνδαλον indicated prob. a suspended or free hanging down (piece of) wood (cf. πέτευρον, ῥόπτρον), from where developed in concreto both loosenings, instrument (Germ. Stellholz) in an animal-trap as acrobat-bar (from where σκανδαλιστής). From this σκανδάλ-ηθρον (on the formation Chantraine Form. 373 f.), prob. prop. of the trap (Germ. "Stellholzgerät") itself (thus most prob. in Ar.), but in use identified with σκάνδαλον, which referred to the trap (cf. Swed. giller Stellholz, and the trap with it). -- Of old (Pott, Bopp; s. Curtius 166) as IE connected with Lat. scandō mount, Skt. skándati jump, hop, hurry, MIr. perf. se-scaind he jumped; orig. meaning so apparatus going off (Osthoff Etym. parerga 1, 355 f.)? -- WP. 2, 540f., W.-Hofmann s. scandō; on σκάνδαλον further Bauer Gr.-dt. Wb. s. v. w. lit. (esp. G. Stählin Skandalon, Gütersloh 1930). -- The forms adduced seem to point to an IE word (*skend-, skond-), but the a-vocalism rather points to a Pre-Greek word; as does the meaning (technical instr., used by acrobats; cf. on κυβιστάω).

Middle Liddell

σκάνδᾰλον, ου, τό,
a trap or snare laid for an enemy, NTest.:—metaph. a stumbling-block, offence, scandal, NTest. [deriv. uncertain]