πτωχός: Difference between revisions
μή, φίλα ψυχά, βίον ἀθάνατον σπεῦδε, τὰν δ' ἔμπρακτον ἄντλει μαχανάν → Oh! my soul do not aspire to eternal life, but exhaust the limits of the possible. | Do not yearn, O my soul, for immortal life! Use to the utmost the skill that is yours. | Do not, my soul, strive for the life of the immortals, but exhaust the practical means at your disposal.
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|txtha=πτωχή, πτωχόν ([[πτώσσω]], to be [[thoroughly]] [[frightened]], to [[cower]] [[down]] or [[hide]] [[oneself]] for [[fear]]; [[hence]], [[πτωχός]] [[properly]], [[one]] [[who]] slinks and crouches), [[often]] involving the [[idea]] of [[roving]] [[about]] in [[wretchedness]] ([[see]] [[πένης]], at the [[end]]; "[[but]] it [[always]] had a [[bad]] [[sense]] [[till]] it [[was]] ennobled in the Gospels; [[see]] [[Homer]] [[down]], reduced to [[beggary]], [[begging]], [[mendicant]], [[asking]] [[alms]]: [[poor]], [[needy]] (opposed to [[πλούσιος]]): [[destitute]] of [[wealth]], [[influence]], [[position]], honors; [[lowly]], [[afflicted]]: οἱ πτωχοί [[τοῦ]] κόσμου (partitive genitive), the [[poor]] of the [[human]] [[race]], L T Tr WH viz. τῷ κόσμῳ ([[unto]] the [[world]]), i. e. the [[ungodly]] [[world]] [[being]] Judges , cf. Winer s Grammar, § 31,4a.; Buttmann, § 133,14; (R. V. as to the [[world]] ([[see]] [[next]] [[head]], and cf. [[κόσμος]], 7)). tropically, [[destitute]] of the Christian virtues and the [[eternal]] [[riches]], inops, equivalent to [[helpless]], [[powerless]] to [[accomplish]] an [[end]]: στοιχεῖα, Lightfoot)).<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[universally]], [[lacking]] in [[anything]], [[with]] a dative of the [[respect]]: τῷ πνεύματι, as respects [[their]] [[spirit]], i. e. [[destitute]] of the [[wealth]] of [[learning]] and [[intellectual]] [[culture]] [[which]] the schools [[afford]] (men of [[this]] class [[most]] [[readily]] gave [[themselves]] up to Christ's [[teaching]] and proved [[themselves]] fitted to [[lay]] [[hold]] of the [[heavenly]] [[treasure]], [[ἔσῃ]] [[ἁπλοῦς]] τῇ [[καρδία]] καί [[πλούσιος]] τῷ πνεύματι, abounding in Christian graces and the [[riches]] of the [[divine]] [[kingdom]]. (The Sept. for עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, אֶבְיון, etc.) | |txtha=πτωχή, πτωχόν ([[πτώσσω]], to be [[thoroughly]] [[frightened]], to [[cower]] [[down]] or [[hide]] [[oneself]] for [[fear]]; [[hence]], [[πτωχός]] [[properly]], [[one]] [[who]] slinks and crouches), [[often]] involving the [[idea]] of [[roving]] [[about]] in [[wretchedness]] ([[see]] [[πένης]], at the [[end]]; "[[but]] it [[always]] had a [[bad]] [[sense]] [[till]] it [[was]] ennobled in the Gospels; [[see]] [[Homer]] [[down]], reduced to [[beggary]], [[begging]], [[mendicant]], [[asking]] [[alms]]: [[poor]], [[needy]] (opposed to [[πλούσιος]]): [[destitute]] of [[wealth]], [[influence]], [[position]], honors; [[lowly]], [[afflicted]]: οἱ πτωχοί [[τοῦ]] κόσμου (partitive genitive), the [[poor]] of the [[human]] [[race]], L T Tr WH viz. τῷ κόσμῳ ([[unto]] the [[world]]), i. e. the [[ungodly]] [[world]] [[being]] Judges , cf. Winer s Grammar, § 31,4a.; Buttmann, § 133,14; (R. V. as to the [[world]] ([[see]] [[next]] [[head]], and cf. [[κόσμος]], 7)). tropically, [[destitute]] of the Christian virtues and the [[eternal]] [[riches]], inops, equivalent to [[helpless]], [[powerless]] to [[accomplish]] an [[end]]: στοιχεῖα, Lightfoot)).<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[universally]], [[lacking]] in [[anything]], [[with]] a dative of the [[respect]]: τῷ πνεύματι, as respects [[their]] [[spirit]], i. e. [[destitute]] of the [[wealth]] of [[learning]] and [[intellectual]] [[culture]] [[which]] the schools [[afford]] (men of [[this]] class [[most]] [[readily]] gave [[themselves]] up to Christ's [[teaching]] and proved [[themselves]] fitted to [[lay]] [[hold]] of the [[heavenly]] [[treasure]], [[ἔσῃ]] [[ἁπλοῦς]] τῇ [[καρδία]] καί [[πλούσιος]] τῷ πνεύματι, abounding in Christian graces and the [[riches]] of the [[divine]] [[kingdom]]. (The Sept. for עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, אֶבְיון, etc.) | ||
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|mltxt=-ή, -όν, ΜΑ<br /><b>βλ.</b> [[φτωχός]]. | |||
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Revision as of 12:24, 29 September 2017
English (LSJ)
ή, όν, also ός, όν A.Ag.1274, S.OC444,751:—
A beggar, Od. 14.400, 18.1, Hdt.3.14, etc.; πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε Od.6.208, cf. 17.475; πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει Hes.Op.26; π. ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθών Od.21.327; π. καὶ ἀλήμονες ἄνδρες 19.74; πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι E.Med.515; πτωχοῦ βίος ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα, τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον Ar.Pl.552: prov., πτωχοῦ πήρη οὐ πίμπλαται Call.Fr.360: πτωχή beggar-woman, Ath.10.453a (so πτωχός (fem.), S.OC444); χήρα πτωχή Ev.Marc.12.42. 2 metaph., οἱ π. τῷ πνεύματι Ev.Matt.5.3, cf. Ev.Luc.6.20. II as Adj., beggarly, πτωχῷ διαίτῃ S.OC751; π. στοιχεῖα Ep.Gal.4.9: c. gen., beggared of, poor in, [πηγὴ] π. νυμφῶν AP9.258 (Antiphan.). 2 Comp. πτωχότερος Timocl.6.10; prov., π. κίγκλου 'as poor as a church mouse', Men.221; irreg. πτωχίστερος Ar.Ach.425: Sup. πτωχότατος AP10.50 (Pall.). 3 Adv. -χῶς poorly, scantily, ἠροτρία π. μέν, ἀλλ' ἀναγκαίως Babr.55.2.
German (Pape)
[Seite 813] ή, όν, auch 2 Endgn, Soph. (s. unten), bettelarm, gew. subst., der Bettler, eigtl. (von πτώσσω) der sich duckt od. bückt; Od. 14, 400. 17, 366 u. öfter; Hes. O. 26; Her. 3, 14; auch πτωχὸς ἀνήρ, ein Bettelmann, Od. 21, 327; sie stehen wie die ξένοι unter dem Schutze des Zeus, 6, 208. 14, 58. 17, 475; ἀγύρτρια πτωχὸς τάλαινα, Aesch. Ag. 1247; πτωχὸς ἀντὶ πλουσίου, Soph. O. R. 455, u. öfter, der auch πτωχῷ διαίτῃ O. C. 755 vrbdt, erbetteltes Brot; πτωχοὺς παῖδας, Eur. Med. 515; u. in Prosa, z. B. Ggstz von πλούσιος Plat. Theaet. 175 a. – Adv., Babr. 55, 2. – Neben dem regelmäßigen compar. u. superl., den erst Spätere haben, πτωχότατος, Pallad. 113 (X, 50), auch πτωχίστερος, Ar. Ach. 400.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πτωχός: -ή, -όν, ὡσαύτως ός, όν, Αἰσχύλ. Ἀγ. 1274, Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 751· (πτώσσω) - κυρίως ὁ συστελλόμενος ἢ «ζαρώνων», ἐπαίτης, πτωχὸς (ἴδε πτώσσω I. 2), Ὀδ. Ξ. 400, Σ. 1, κτλ.· πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 26, Ἡρόδ. 3. 14· πτωχὸς ἀνὴρ ἀλαλημένος ἐλθών, ἐπαίτης, ὁ στερούμενος τῶν ἀναγκαίων, Ὀδ. Φ. 327· πτωχοὶ καὶ ἀλήμονες ἄνδρες ὁ αὐτ. Τ. 74· πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι Εὐρ. Μήδ. 515· πτωχοῦ βίος ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα, τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον Ἀριστοφάν. Πλ. 552· παροιμ., πτωχοῦ πήρα οὐ πίμπλαται Καλλ. Ἀποσπάσ. 360· - πτωχή, ἐπαῖτις, «ζητιάνα», πτωχῆς τὴν γαστέρα πονούσης Ἀθην. 453Α· πτωχὴ χήρα Εὐαγγ. κ. Μάρκ ιβ´, 42· - οἱ ἐπαῖται, ὡς οἱ ξένοι, διετέλουν ἰδιαιτέρως ὑπὸ τὴν προστασίαν τῶν θεῶν, Ὀδ. Ζ. 208, Ξ. 58, Ρ. 475· ἀλλ’ ἡ λέξις, κατ’ ἀντίθεσιν πρὸς τὸ πένης (ὃ ἴδε), εἶχεν ἀείποτε κακὴν σημασίαν μέχρις οὗ ἀνυψώθη αὕτη ὑπὸ τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ τῶν Ἀποστόλων ἐν τῇ καινῇ Διαθήκῃ, μακάριοι οἱ πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι ὅτι αὐτῶν ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν Εὐαγγ. κ. Ματθ. ε´, 3· μακάριοι οἱ πτωχοὶ ὅτι ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ Εὐαγγ. κ. Λουκ. Ϛ´, 20, πρβλ. Β´ Ἐπιστ. πρ. Κορ. η´ 9. II. ὡς ἐπίθ., ταπεινός, ὡς τὸ πτωχικός, πτωχῷ διαίτῃ Σοφ. Οἰδ. Κολ. 751 πτ. στοιχεῖα Ἐπιστ. πρ. Γαλ. δ´, 19. - μετὰ γεν., ὁ πτωχὸς γενόμενος εἴς τι, πηγὴ πτ. νυμφῶν Ἀνθ. Π. 9. 258. 2) Συγκρ. πτωχότερος, Τιμοκλ. ἐν «Διονυσιαζούσαις» 1, 10· ἀνώμαλ. πτωχίστερος, Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 425· ὑπερθ. πτωχότατος, Ἀνθ. Π. 10. 50. 3) Ἐπίρρ. -χῶς, ἀνεπαρκῶς, «πτωχικά», ἠροτρία πτωχῶς μέν, ἀλλ’ ἀναγκαίως Βάβρ. 55. 2.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ή ou poét. ός;
qui se blottit ou se cache, d’où
1 pauvre, mendiant;
2 qui concerne un mendiant, de mendiant;
Cp. πτωχίστερος.
Étymologie: R. Πτακ, se blottir ; cf. πτήσσω.
English (Autenrieth)
(πτώσσω): beggar-(man), ἀνήρ, φ 32, Od. 14.400. (Od.)
English (Strong)
from ptosso (to crouch); akin to πτοέω and the alternate of πίπτω); a beggar (as cringing), i.e. pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used in a qualified or relative sense; whereas πένης properly means only straitened circumstances in private), literally (often as noun) or figuratively (distressed): beggar(-ly), poor.
English (Thayer)
πτωχή, πτωχόν (πτώσσω, to be thoroughly frightened, to cower down or hide oneself for fear; hence, πτωχός properly, one who slinks and crouches), often involving the idea of roving about in wretchedness (see πένης, at the end; "but it always had a bad sense till it was ennobled in the Gospels; see Homer down, reduced to beggary, begging, mendicant, asking alms: poor, needy (opposed to πλούσιος): destitute of wealth, influence, position, honors; lowly, afflicted: οἱ πτωχοί τοῦ κόσμου (partitive genitive), the poor of the human race, L T Tr WH viz. τῷ κόσμῳ (unto the world), i. e. the ungodly world being Judges , cf. Winer s Grammar, § 31,4a.; Buttmann, § 133,14; (R. V. as to the world (see next head, and cf. κόσμος, 7)). tropically, destitute of the Christian virtues and the eternal riches, inops, equivalent to helpless, powerless to accomplish an end: στοιχεῖα, Lightfoot)).
3. universally, lacking in anything, with a dative of the respect: τῷ πνεύματι, as respects their spirit, i. e. destitute of the wealth of learning and intellectual culture which the schools afford (men of this class most readily gave themselves up to Christ's teaching and proved themselves fitted to lay hold of the heavenly treasure, ἔσῃ ἁπλοῦς τῇ καρδία καί πλούσιος τῷ πνεύματι, abounding in Christian graces and the riches of the divine kingdom. (The Sept. for עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, אֶבְיון, etc.)
Greek Monolingual
-ή, -όν, ΜΑ
βλ. φτωχός.
