gravo

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

grăvo: āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. gravis.
I To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).
   A Lit.: praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant, Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.: ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus, Stat. Th. 10, 257: non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22: aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus, Ov. H. 11, 38: gravantur arbores fetu, Lucr. 1, 253; cf.: sunt poma gravantia ramos, Ov. M. 13, 812: ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas, id. ib. 8, 205: quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant, Quint. 1, 12, 10: stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans, Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128: minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius, id. 11, 53, 119, § 284: ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur, Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.: alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret, weighed down, oppressed, Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.: gravatus somno, Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27: vino, Curt. 6, 11, 28: telis, id. 8, 14, 38: ebrietate, id. 5, 7, 11: cibo, Liv. 1, 7, 5: vino somnoque, id. 25, 24, 6.—
   B Esp., to make pregnant: uterum, Stat. Th. 2, 614: gravatam esse virginem, Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. —
   C Trop.
   1    To burden, oppress, incommode: nil moror officium, quod me gravat, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264: septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat, Liv. 21, 23, 6: sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. —
   2    To make more grievous, aggravate, increase: tu fortunam parce gravare meam, id. ib. 5, 11, 30: quo gravaret invidiam matris, Tac. A. 14, 12: injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum, Liv. 42, 5, 9.—
   D To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo): a littera gravatur, Prisc. 539, 573 P.—
II Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.
   (a)    Absol.: non gravabor, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22: quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen, id. ib. 5, 4, 40: ne gravare, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19: primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat, Cic. Clu. 25, 69: ego vero non gravarer si, etc., id. Lael. 5, 17: nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc., Liv. 9, 3, 9: ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc., Varr. R. R. 1, 3: spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit, Tac. A. 6, 3: benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15.—
   (b)    With an object-clause: rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1: ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre, Caes. B. C. 1, 9: quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire, Liv. 31, 46, 4: tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem, id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al.—
   (g)    With acc.: Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem, disdaining to bear, throwing off, Hor. C. 4, 11, 27: at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui, be weary of supporting, Sen. Clem. 1, 12 fin.: matrem, Suet. Ner. 34: ampla et operosa praetoria, id. Aug. 72: aspectum civium, Tac. A. 3, 59 fin.: spem ac metum juxta gravatus, id. ib. 5, 8; Quint. 1, 1, 11.— Hence, adv. in two forms:
   A grăvātē (acc. to II.), with difficulty or reluctance, unwillingly, grudgingly: non gravate respondere, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208; opp. gratuito, id. Off. 2, 19, 66; opp. benigne, id. Balb. 16, 36: Canius contendit a Pythio ut venderet: gravate ille primo, id. Off. 3, 14, 59: qui cum haud gravate venissent, Liv. 3, 4, 6 Weissenb. (al. gravati): concedere, id. 42, 43, 2.—Comp.: manus et plantas ad saviandum gravatius porrigere, Front. ad M. Caes. 4, 12 fin.—
   B grăvanter, with reluctance, unwillingly: reguli Gallorum haud gravanter venerunt, Liv. 21, 24, 5 Weissenb. (al. gravate); Cassiod. Varr. 4, 5.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

grăvō,¹¹ āvī, ātum, āre (gravis), tr.
    I [voix active :
1 appesantir, alourdir : poma gravantia ramos Ov. M. 13, 812, fruits qui alourdissent les branches ; ne unda gravet pennas Ov. M. 8, 205, pour éviter que l’humidité appesantisse tes ailes || charger : aliquem sarcinis Tac. Ann. 1, 20, charger qqn de bagages
2 [fig.] aggraver, augmenter : invidiam alicujus Tac. Ann. 14, 12, aggraver la haine à l’égard de qqn ; injusto fenore gravatum æs alienum Liv. 42, 5, 9, dettes aggravées par des intérêts excessifs || alourdir, appesantir, accabler : caput gravans Plin. 21, 128, qui alourdit la tête ; gravatus cibo vinoque Liv. 1, 7, 5, appesanti par la nourriture et le vin || peser sur, incommoder : mala me gravant Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28, les maux pèsent sur moi, sont un fardeau pour moi ; gravari militia Liv. 21, 23, 6, trouver pesant le métier militaire.
    II [déponent] trouver pesant
1 faire des difficultés, se résoudre avec peine : ne gravare Ter. Ad. 942, ne fais pas de difficultés ; gravari cœpit, quod... dicebat Cic. Clu. 69, il commença par faire des difficultés, en disant... ; non gravarer, si... Cic. Læl. 15, je me résoudrais volontiers, si...
2 [avec inf.] répugner à, se refuser à : gravaris litteras ad me dare Cic. Fam. 7, 14, 1, tu trouves excessif de m’envoyer une lettre ; in colloquium venire invitatus gravatur Cæs. G. 1, 35, 2, malgré l’invitation, il se refuse à venir à une entrevue ; non gravabor dicere... Cic. de Or. 1, 107, je dirai volontiers... ; rogo, ut ne graveris... Cic. de Or. 1, 164, je te prie de consentir de bon cœur à...
3 [avec acc.] sentir le fardeau de qqn, de qqch., trouver importun, être fatigué de : matrem Suet. Nero 34, trouver sa mère importune ; aspectum civium Tac. Ann. 3, 59, avoir de la répugnance pour la vue de ses concitoyens ; cf. Sen. Clem. 1, 13, 1 ; Quint. 1, 1, 11.