ni: Difference between revisions
Οὔτ' ἐν φθιμένοις οὔτ' ἐν ζωοῖσιν ἀριθμουμένη, χωρὶς δή τινα τῶνδ' ἔχουσα μοῖραν → Neither among the dead nor the living do I count myself, having a lot apart from these
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{{LaEn | |||
|lnetxt=ni ADV :: if ... not; unless; [quid ni? => why not?]<br />ni ni CONJ :: if ... not; unless | |||
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>nī</b>: (old orthography nei,<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [[identical]] [[with]] ne and the [[prim]]. form, [[whence]] [[nisi]], i. e. si ni].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[like]] ne, an [[absolutely]] [[negative]] [[particle]], not.—So [[only]] in the combinations,<br /> <b>A</b> Quid ni? or, in one [[word]], [[quidni]]? [[why]] not? [[quid]] ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: [[quid]] ego ni fleam? id. ib. 4, 8, 1: [[quidni]], inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. [[quidni]].—<br /> <b>B</b> Nimirum, lit. not [[wonderful]]; v. [[nimirum]].—<br /><b>II</b> Conj., [[like]] ne, in [[imperative]] and [[intentional]] clauses, not, [[that]] not ( | |lshtext=<b>nī</b>: (old orthography nei,<br /><b>I</b><br /> v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. [[identical]] [[with]] ne and the [[prim]]. form, [[whence]] [[nisi]], i. e. si ni].<br /><b>I</b> Adv., [[like]] ne, an [[absolutely]] [[negative]] [[particle]], not.—So [[only]] in the combinations,<br /> <b>A</b> Quid ni? or, in one [[word]], [[quidni]]? [[why]] not? [[quid]] ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: [[quid]] ego ni fleam? id. ib. 4, 8, 1: [[quidni]], inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. [[quidni]].—<br /> <b>B</b> Nimirum, lit. not [[wonderful]]; v. [[nimirum]].—<br /><b>II</b> Conj., [[like]] ne, in [[imperative]] and [[intentional]] clauses, not, [[that]] not (ante-class. and [[poet]].): ni [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[hinc]] in spem referas, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: [[vinum]] aliudve [[quid]] ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: [[Numa]] constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.: QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40: IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE, Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643: (lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. 2, 7, 2: obstabat [[vallum]], ni instent [[acies]], Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne): monent ... ni teneant [[cursus]], Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—<br /><b>III</b> As a conditional [[negative]] (= si non, [[nisi]]), if not, [[unless]], [[but]] [[that]].<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.<br /> <b>(a)</b> With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he [[summon]] him [[before]] [[court]], if he go not, [[then]] he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.: nam ni illum recipit, [[nihil]] est quo me recipiam, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35: ni offerumentas habebis [[plures]] in [[tergo]] tuo, etc., id. Rud. 3, 4, 48: mirum ni domi est, Ter. And. 3, 4, 19: moriar ni [[puto]], etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1: ni [[frustra]] [[augurium]] vani docuere parentes, Verg. A. 1, 392: si is [[homo]] moritur, [[probe]] [[factum]] ... ni moritur, tum, etc., Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With subj.: [[quid]] ploras, [[pater]]?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus [[sum]], it's a [[wonder]] I [[don]]'t [[sing]] ([[ironically]]), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279: dicerem, quae [[ante]] futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc., Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4: ni ita se res haberet, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni [[tamen]] exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73: ni faciat, Verg. A. 1, 58: omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant, id. ib. 2, 178: nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni [[fama]] ... animos fregisset, Liv. 32, 31, 2: ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla [[sit]] pacis [[condicio]], id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> In [[formal]] lang. of [[law]], in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir [[bonus]] esset, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77: judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit, Liv. 3, 57: tum illud [[quod]] dicitur [[sive]] [[nive]] irrident, etc., Cic. Caecin. 23, 65: [[cedo]] qui cum habeam judicem, Ni [[dolo]] [[malo]] instipulatus sis. [[nive]] [[etiam]] dum [[siem]] Quinque et [[viginti]] annos [[natus]], Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the [[passage]] in [[connection]]); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni [[fit]], [[mecum]] [[pignus]], si [[quis]] [[volt]], [[dato]] in urnam mulsi, [[that]] it is not so, [[bet]] me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —<br /> <b>2</b> Ni [[quis]] scivit (if [[any]] one has not voted), the [[name]] of a [[centuria]] created by [[Servius]] [[Tullius]] for those to [[vote]] in [[who]] had not voted in [[their]] [[own]] centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—*<br /> <b>3</b> For [[nisi]] [[quod]], Amm. 22, 11 fin.—<br /> <b>4</b> Ni [[forte]], for [[nisi]] [[forte]]: ni [[forte]] [[satius]] est, etc., Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, [[nisi]]), Quint. 11, 2, 27. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Gaffiot | {{Gaffiot | ||
|gf=<b>nī</b>,⁸<br /> <b>I</b> particule de négation (ne-i cf. [[οὐχί]]) arch.<br /><b>1</b> = [[non]] : [[quid]] [[ego]] ni fleam ? Pl. Mil. 1311, comment ne pleurerais-je pas ? cf. Mil. 1120 ; [d’où] [[quidni]], [[quippini]], [[nimirum]], v. ces mots<br /><b>2</b> = ne [avec impér. ou subj. de volonté] : ni laudato Varr. d. Non. 281, 31, ne loue pas ; ni... referas Pl. Epid. 339, ne porte pas en [[compte]]... ; monere ni Virg. En. 3, 686, recommander de ne pas.<br /> <b>II</b> conj. = si [[non]], si ne... pas : dicerem, ni vererer Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4, je dirais, si je ne craignais pas ; moriar, ni [[puto]]... Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1, que je meure, si je ne crois pas... || ni... [[nive]] (= et ou [[vel]] ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... [[nive]]... [[nive]] Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas || [[sive]]... [[nive]] Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs]. | |gf=<b>nī</b>,⁸<br /> <b>I</b> particule de négation (ne-i cf. [[οὐχί]]) arch.<br /><b>1</b> = [[non]] : [[quid]] [[ego]] ni fleam ? Pl. Mil. 1311, comment ne pleurerais-je pas ? cf. Mil. 1120 ; [d’où] [[quidni]], [[quippini]], [[nimirum]], v. ces mots<br /><b>2</b> = ne [avec impér. ou subj. de volonté] : ni laudato Varr. d. Non. 281, 31, ne loue pas ; ni... referas Pl. Epid. 339, ne porte pas en [[compte]]... ; monere ni Virg. En. 3, 686, recommander de ne pas.<br /> <b>II</b> conj. = si [[non]], si ne... pas : dicerem, ni vererer Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4, je dirais, si je ne craignais pas ; moriar, ni [[puto]]... Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1, que je meure, si je ne crois pas... || ni... [[nive]] (= et ou [[vel]] ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... [[nive]]... [[nive]] Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas || [[sive]]... [[nive]] Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs].| | ||
|ni... [[nive]] (=et ou [[vel]] ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... [[nive]]... [[nive]] Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas||[[sive]]... [[nive]] Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs]. | |||
}} | |||
{{Georges | |||
|georg=nī, Adv. u. Coni., I) altert. = ne, [[neben]] dem [[Imperativ]] u. Konjunktiv zur [[Angabe]] eines Verbotes od. [[einer]] [[Absicht]], [[nicht]], daß [[nicht]] (vgl. Ritschl opusc. 2, 622 ff. Lachm. Lucr. 2, 734), ni [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[hinc]] in spem referas, Plaut.: caveto ni [[quam]] materiem doles, [[Cato]] fr.: homines [[moneo]], ni [[qui]] diffidat [[sibi]], Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 3128 = Carm. epigr. 184: monent... ni teneant [[currus]], Verg.: quā ([[lege]]) [[quondam]] edictā flemus [[uterque]] [[diu]], ni [[nos]] divideret, Prop. – dah. [[quid]] ni ([[quidni]])? [[wie]] [[nicht]]? [[warum]] [[nicht]]? α) in der [[Antwort]] [[auf]] eine [[Frage]], [[ergo]] tu iubes tollam? [[quidni]]? Plaut. β) zur [[Bekräftigung]] [[nach]] [[einer]] [[Behauptung]], erat illarum partium: [[quidni]]? Cic.: [[bei]] Späteren [[auch]] [[mit]] [[non]] verb., [[quidni]] [[non]] timeat, [[qui]] mori sperat? [[gewiß]] fürchtet, Sen. γ) [[ironisch]], [[warum]] [[nicht]] [[gar]]? Cic. u.a. – II) = [[nisi]], wo [[nicht]], [[wofern]] [[nicht]], [[wenn]] [[nicht]], ni tua custodis, [[avidus]] [[iam]] [[haec]] auferet [[heres]], Hor.: [[plures]] cecĭdissent, ni [[nox]] [[proelio]] intervenisset, Liv.: sponsionem fecisset, ni [[vir]] [[bonus]] esset, Cic. – u. so in nachdrücklichen Behauptungen, perii [[hercle]] [[hodie]], ni [[hunc]] a te [[abigo]], Plaut.: [[quod]] ni [[ita]] se haberet, [[nec]] iustitiae [[ullus]] esset [[nec]] bonitati [[locus]], Cic. – in Drohungen, [[excidium]] minitans, ni causam suam dissociarent, Tac.: regna ipsa [[Latini]], ni... fatentur, eruam, Verg. – [[bei]] Beteuerungen u. Verwünschungen, moriar, ni [[puto]], Cic. – in der [[Formel]] mirum ni, [[ich]] sollte mich [[wundern]], [[wenn]] [[nicht]], mirum ni cantem, [[ich]] soll [[wohl]] [[gar]] [[singen]], Nov. com. fr.: mirum ni [[domi]] est, [[ich]] müßte mich [[sehr]] [[irren]], [[wenn]] er [[nicht]] zu Hause wäre, er ist [[sicherlich]] zu Hause, Ter. – in der parenth. [[Formel]] ni fallor, Ov. [[fast]]. 4, 623. Sen. ep. 14, 3 u. Spät. – arch. Nbf. [[nei]], Plaut. Poen. 865. Catull. 6, 2 u. 14; 14, 1. – ni... [[nive]] ([[oder]] [[wenn]] [[nicht]]), Plaut. rud. 1381. – si... [[nive]]... [[nive]], Plaut. rud. 714 sq. – [[sive]]... [[nive]], Cic. Caecin. 65 (vgl. Iordan Prolegg. p. 41, wo [[auch]] p. 39 sq. [[gegen]] [[Rost]] u. Huschke gezeigt wird, daß ni [[bei]] Sponsionen usw. [[nur]] [[dann]] [[üblich]] ist, [[wenn]] [[sie]] in der [[oratio]] obliqua aufgeführt [[werden]]): u. so per istud philosophiae [[sive]] [[nive]], Sen. ep. 48, 10. | |||
}} | |||
{{LaZh | |||
|lnztxt=ni. ''conj''. :: 不然。除。若不。Mirum ni domi est 若不在家即怪也。Rempublicam sistere negat ni ad equestrem ordinem judicia revertantur 彼謂若訟不歸紳士則國家亦不能存。 Cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset 除非彼非善人。定必以我言爲是。 | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 06:55, 15 October 2024
Latin > English
ni ADV :: if ... not; unless; [quid ni? => why not?]
ni ni CONJ :: if ... not; unless
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
nī: (old orthography nei,
I
v. in the foll.), adv. and conj. identical with ne and the prim. form, whence nisi, i. e. si ni].
I Adv., like ne, an absolutely negative particle, not.—So only in the combinations,
A Quid ni? or, in one word, quidni? why not? quid ego ni ita censeam? Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 27: quid ego ni fleam? id. ib. 4, 8, 1: quidni, inquit, meminerim? etc., Auct. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 273 et saep.; v. quidni.—
B Nimirum, lit. not wonderful; v. nimirum.—
II Conj., like ne, in imperative and intentional clauses, not, that not (ante-class. and poet.): ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas, Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3: vinum aliudve quid ni laudato, Varr. ap. Non. 281, 31: Numa constituit, ut pisces, qui squamosi non essent, ni pollucerent ... ni qui ad polluctum emerent, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20; cf.: QVEM QVISQVE EORVM AGRVM POSIDEBIT, INVITIS EIS NIQVIS SICET NIVE PASCAT NIVE FRVATVR, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3121, p. 40: IS EVM AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.: ROGO PER DEOS, NI VELITIS OSSA MEA VIOLARE, Inscr. Grut. 996, 12; Cenotaph. Pis. ap. Inscr. Orell. 643: (lege) edictā flemus diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. 2, 7, 2: obstabat vallum, ni instent acies, Sil. 1, 374 (al. ne): monent ... ni teneant cursus, Verg. A. 3, 686 (antiqui ni pro ne ponebant, Serv. ad loc.).—
III As a conditional negative (= si non, nisi), if not, unless, but that.
A In gen.
(a) With indic.: SI IN IVS VOCAT, NI IT, ANTESTATOR, IGITVR EM CAPITO, if he summon him before court, if he go not, then he shall, etc., Tab. XII. 1 init.: nam ni illum recipit, nihil est quo me recipiam, Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 35: ni offerumentas habebis plures in tergo tuo, etc., id. Rud. 3, 4, 48: mirum ni domi est, Ter. And. 3, 4, 19: moriar ni puto, etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1: ni frustra augurium vani docuere parentes, Verg. A. 1, 392: si is homo moritur, probe factum ... ni moritur, tum, etc., Liv. 8, 10, 12; 13.—
(b) With subj.: quid ploras, pater?—Mirum ni cantem: condemnatus sum, it's a wonder I don't sing (ironically), Nov. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 69, 279: dicerem, quae ante futura dixissem, ni vererer, ne, etc., Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4: ni ita se res haberet, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115; cf. id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: ni tamen exciderit, id. poët. Fragm. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 73: ni faciat, Verg. A. 1, 58: omina ni repetant Argis numenque reducant, id. ib. 2, 178: nec Boi detrectāssent pugnam, ni fama ... animos fregisset, Liv. 32, 31, 2: ea se dicturum, quae ni fiant, nulla sit pacis condicio, id. 32, 33, 2; 2, 22, 1; 1, 22, 6.—
B In partic.
1 In formal lang. of law, in agreements, promises, stipulations, etc.: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77: judicem ferre, ni vindicias dederit, Liv. 3, 57: tum illud quod dicitur sive nive irrident, etc., Cic. Caecin. 23, 65: cedo qui cum habeam judicem, Ni dolo malo instipulatus sis. nive etiam dum siem Quinque et viginti annos natus, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3 (4), 25 (v. the passage in connection); so id. ib. 3, 4, 9: id ni fit, mecum pignus, si quis volt, dato in urnam mulsi, that it is not so, bet me, etc., id. Cas. prol. 75; id. Ep. 5, 2, 35; id. Poen. 5, 4, 72. —
2 Ni quis scivit (if any one has not voted), the name of a centuria created by Servius Tullius for those to vote in who had not voted in their own centuriae, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 177 Müll.—*
3 For nisi quod, Amm. 22, 11 fin.—
4 Ni forte, for nisi forte: ni forte satius est, etc., Curt. 5, 25, 12 (Foss, nisi), Quint. 11, 2, 27.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
nī,⁸
I particule de négation (ne-i cf. οὐχί) arch.
1 = non : quid ego ni fleam ? Pl. Mil. 1311, comment ne pleurerais-je pas ? cf. Mil. 1120 ; [d’où] quidni, quippini, nimirum, v. ces mots
2 = ne [avec impér. ou subj. de volonté] : ni laudato Varr. d. Non. 281, 31, ne loue pas ; ni... referas Pl. Epid. 339, ne porte pas en compte... ; monere ni Virg. En. 3, 686, recommander de ne pas.
II conj. = si non, si ne... pas : dicerem, ni vererer Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 4, je dirais, si je ne craignais pas ; moriar, ni puto... Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1, que je meure, si je ne crois pas... || ni... nive (= et ou vel ni ) Pl. Rud. 1381, si ne... pas, et si ne pas ; si... nive... nive Pl. Rud. 714, si... et si ne pas... et si ne pas || sive... nive Cic. Cæc. 65, soit que, soit que ne pas, [cf. Sen. Ep. 48, 10, exemple de formules judiciaires, employées par les chicaneurs].
Latin > German (Georges)
nī, Adv. u. Coni., I) altert. = ne, neben dem Imperativ u. Konjunktiv zur Angabe eines Verbotes od. einer Absicht, nicht, daß nicht (vgl. Ritschl opusc. 2, 622 ff. Lachm. Lucr. 2, 734), ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas, Plaut.: caveto ni quam materiem doles, Cato fr.: homines moneo, ni qui diffidat sibi, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 3128 = Carm. epigr. 184: monent... ni teneant currus, Verg.: quā (lege) quondam edictā flemus uterque diu, ni nos divideret, Prop. – dah. quid ni (quidni)? wie nicht? warum nicht? α) in der Antwort auf eine Frage, ergo tu iubes tollam? quidni? Plaut. β) zur Bekräftigung nach einer Behauptung, erat illarum partium: quidni? Cic.: bei Späteren auch mit non verb., quidni non timeat, qui mori sperat? gewiß fürchtet, Sen. γ) ironisch, warum nicht gar? Cic. u.a. – II) = nisi, wo nicht, wofern nicht, wenn nicht, ni tua custodis, avidus iam haec auferet heres, Hor.: plures cecĭdissent, ni nox proelio intervenisset, Liv.: sponsionem fecisset, ni vir bonus esset, Cic. – u. so in nachdrücklichen Behauptungen, perii hercle hodie, ni hunc a te abigo, Plaut.: quod ni ita se haberet, nec iustitiae ullus esset nec bonitati locus, Cic. – in Drohungen, excidium minitans, ni causam suam dissociarent, Tac.: regna ipsa Latini, ni... fatentur, eruam, Verg. – bei Beteuerungen u. Verwünschungen, moriar, ni puto, Cic. – in der Formel mirum ni, ich sollte mich wundern, wenn nicht, mirum ni cantem, ich soll wohl gar singen, Nov. com. fr.: mirum ni domi est, ich müßte mich sehr irren, wenn er nicht zu Hause wäre, er ist sicherlich zu Hause, Ter. – in der parenth. Formel ni fallor, Ov. fast. 4, 623. Sen. ep. 14, 3 u. Spät. – arch. Nbf. nei, Plaut. Poen. 865. Catull. 6, 2 u. 14; 14, 1. – ni... nive (oder wenn nicht), Plaut. rud. 1381. – si... nive... nive, Plaut. rud. 714 sq. – sive... nive, Cic. Caecin. 65 (vgl. Iordan Prolegg. p. 41, wo auch p. 39 sq. gegen Rost u. Huschke gezeigt wird, daß ni bei Sponsionen usw. nur dann üblich ist, wenn sie in der oratio obliqua aufgeführt werden): u. so per istud philosophiae sive nive, Sen. ep. 48, 10.
Latin > Chinese
ni. conj. :: 不然。除。若不。Mirum ni domi est 若不在家即怪也。Rempublicam sistere negat ni ad equestrem ordinem judicia revertantur 彼謂若訟不歸紳士則國家亦不能存。 Cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset 除非彼非善人。定必以我言爲是。
