ἐπιθυμία: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=epithymia
|Transliteration C=epithymia
|Beta Code=e)piqumi/a
|Beta Code=e)piqumi/a
|Definition=Ion. [[ἐπιθυμίη]], ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[desire]], [[yearning]], ἐπιθυμίαν ἐκτελέσαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>; [[ἐπιθυμίᾳ]] = [[by passion]], opp. [[προνοίᾳ]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.13</span>: generally, [[appetite]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>419d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἱ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἐπιθυμίαι</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>82c</span>; esp. [[sexual desire]], [[lust]], <span class="bibl">Democr.234</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232b</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἱ πρὸς τοὺς παῖδας ἐπιθυμίαι</b> <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>2.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. c. gen., [[longing after]] a thing, [[desire]] of or for it, <b class="b3">ὕδατος, τοῦ πιεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">7.84</span>, etc.; τοῦ πλέονος <span class="bibl">Democr. 224</span>; τῆς [[τιμωρία]]ς <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.1.7</span>; τῆς μεθ' ὑμῶν πολιτείας <span class="bibl">And.2.10</span>; τῆς παρθενίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>406b</span>; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς [[ἐλθεῖν]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ</b> τινὸς εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>318a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>143e</span>; γεγονέναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>841c</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς</b> [[ἀφικέσθαι]] [[θεάσασθαι]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>19b</span>; ἐ. τινὸς ἐμβαλεῖν τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιθυμίΑν ἐμποιεῖν ἔς τινα</b> an [[inclination]] towards... <span class="bibl">Th.4.81</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span>. = [[ἐπιθύμημα]], [[object of desire]], <b class="b3">ἐπιθυμίας τυχεῖν</b> Thalesap.Stob.3.1.172, cf. Lync. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.7.295a</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἐπιθυμία</b>, of [[woman]], <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>8</span>; [[πένης|πενήτων]] [[ἐπιθυμία]], of [[sleep]], prob. in ib.<span class="bibl">13</span>.</span>
|Definition=Ion. [[ἐπιθυμίη]], ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[desire]], [[yearning]], ἐπιθυμίαν ἐκτελέσαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>; [[ἐπιθυμίᾳ]] = [[by passion]], opp. [[προνοίᾳ]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.13</span>: generally, [[appetite]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>419d</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἱ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἐπιθυμίαι</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>82c</span>; esp. [[sexual desire]], [[lust]], <span class="bibl">Democr.234</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>232b</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">αἱ πρὸς τοὺς παῖδας ἐπιθυμίαι</b> <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>2.14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span>. c. gen., [[longing after]] a thing, [[desire]] of or for it, <b class="b3">ὕδατος, τοῦ πιεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.52</span>, <span class="bibl">7.84</span>, etc.; τοῦ πλέονος <span class="bibl">Democr. 224</span>; τῆς [[τιμωρία]]ς <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.1.7</span>; τῆς μεθ' ὑμῶν πολιτείας <span class="bibl">And.2.10</span>; τῆς παρθενίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>406b</span>; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς [[ἐλθεῖν]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Criti.</span>113d</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ</b> τινὸς εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prt.</span>318a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>143e</span>; γεγονέναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>841c</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς</b> [[ἀφικέσθαι]] [[θεάσασθαι]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>19b</span>; ἐ. τινὸς ἐμβαλεῖν τινί <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπιθυμίΑν ἐμποιεῖν ἔς τινα</b> an [[inclination]] towards... <span class="bibl">Th.4.81</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span>. = [[ἐπιθύμημα]], [[object of desire]], <b class="b3">ἐπιθυμίας τυχεῖν</b> Thalesap.Stob.3.1.172, cf. Lync. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.7.295a</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρὸς ἐπιθυμία</b>, of [[woman]], <span class="bibl">Secund.<span class="title">Sent.</span>8</span>; [[πένης|πενήτων]] [[ἐπιθυμία]], of [[death]], prob. in ib.<span class="bibl">20</span>.</span>
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Revision as of 09:09, 29 December 2021

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἐπιθῡμία Medium diacritics: ἐπιθυμία Low diacritics: επιθυμία Capitals: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ
Transliteration A: epithymía Transliteration B: epithymia Transliteration C: epithymia Beta Code: e)piqumi/a

English (LSJ)

Ion. ἐπιθυμίη, ἡ, A desire, yearning, ἐπιθυμίαν ἐκτελέσαι Hdt.1.32; ἐπιθυμίᾳ = by passion, opp. προνοίᾳ, Th.6.13: generally, appetite, Pl.Cra.419d, etc.; αἱ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἐπιθυμίαι Id.Phd.82c; esp. sexual desire, lust, Democr.234 (pl.), Pl.Phdr.232b, etc.; αἱ πρὸς τοὺς παῖδας ἐπιθυμίαι X.Lac.2.14. 2. c. gen., longing after a thing, desire of or for it, ὕδατος, τοῦ πιεῖν, Th.2.52, 7.84, etc.; τοῦ πλέονος Democr. 224; τῆς τιμωρίας Antipho 2.1.7; τῆς μεθ' ὑμῶν πολιτείας And.2.10; τῆς παρθενίας Pl.Cra.406b; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἐλθεῖν Id.Criti.113d; ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ τινὸς εἶναι Id.Prt.318a, Tht.143e; γεγονέναι Id.Lg.841c; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι θεάσασθαι Id.Ti.19b; ἐ. τινὸς ἐμβαλεῖν τινί X.Cyr.1.1.5; ἐπιθυμίΑν ἐμποιεῖν ἔς τινα an inclination towards... Th.4.81. II. = ἐπιθύμημα, object of desire, ἐπιθυμίας τυχεῖν Thalesap.Stob.3.1.172, cf. Lync. ap. Ath.7.295a; ἀνδρὸς ἐπιθυμία, of woman, Secund.Sent.8; πενήτων ἐπιθυμία, of death, prob. in ib.20.

German (Pape)

[Seite 943] ἡ, Begierde, Verlangen wonach, Liebe wozu (ἐπὶ τὸν θυμὸν ἰοῦσα Plat. Crat. 419 d); ἡδονῶν Plat. Phaedr. 237 d; τῆς παρθένου Tim. 19 b; τοῦ ὕδατος Thuc. 2, 52; τοῦ πιεῖν 7, 84; ἡ περὶ τοὺς παῖδας καὶ γυναῖκας Isocr. 3, 39, wie αἱ περὶ τοὺς λόγους ἐπιθυμίαι καὶ ἡδοναί Plat. Rep. I, 328 d; αἱ πρὸς τοὺς παῖδας ἐπιθυμίαι Xen. Lac. 2, 15, wie πρὸς τὸ ζῆν Pol. 3, 63, 6; ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ εἶναί τινος, Verlangen wonach haben, Plat. Prot. 318 a, wie γίγνεσθαι Legg. VIII, 841 c; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἐλθεῖν Critia. 113 c; ἐπιθυμίαν εἶχεν ἀκούειν Xen. Cyr. 1, 4, 3; ἐπιθυμίαις μείζοσι χρῆσθαι Thuc. 6, 15; ἐπιθυμίαν ἐμποιεῖν, Begierde einflößen, 4, 81, wie ἐμβάλλειν Xen. Cyr. 1, 1, 8. – Luft, Genuß, Plat. Phaed. 82 c Phaedr. 232 c; – das Vorhaben, Eur. Cycl. 448; Begehr, ἐπιθυμίας τυχεῖν Pittac. Stob. fl. 3, 79; τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν κτήσασθαι Ath. VII, 295 a.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ας (ἡ) :
1 désir, souhait : ἐπιθυμία ὕδατος, σίτου THC désir de boire, de manger ; ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἐμβάλλειν τινί XÉN inspirer à qqn un désir pour un autre;
2 désir, passion.
Étymologie: ἐπιθυμέω.

English (Strong)

from ἐπιθυμέω; a longing (especially for what is forbidden): concupiscence, desire, lust (after).

English (Thayer)

ἐπιθυμίας, ἡ (ἐπιθυμέω) (from Herodotus on), the Sept. chiefly for תַּאֲוָה, אַוָּה, חֲמוּד; desire, craving, longing: ἐπιθυμέω, at the end); τήν ἐπιθυμίαν ἔχειν εἰς τί, the desire directed toward, ἐν πολλή ἐπιθυμία with great desire, αἱ περί τά λοιπά ἐπιθυμίαι, Winer s Grammar, § 30,3 N. 5); specifically, desire for what is forbidden, lust (Vulg. concupiscentia): πάθος ἐπιθυμίας, ἐπιθυμία κακῇ, Plato, legg. 9, p. 854a.; πονηρά, Xenophon, mem. 1,2, 64; ἀγαθή, ἐπιθυμία μιασμοῦ, for unclean contact, Winer's Grammar, § 34,3b. take μιασμοῦ as the genitive of quality); with a genitive of the subject, αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι τῶν καρδιῶν, ἡ ἐπιθυμία τοῦ κόσμου, τοῦ σώματος, τῆς ἀπάτης (see ἀπάτη), τῆς σαρκός, τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν, τέλειν σαρκός, αἱ σαρκικαι ἐπιθυμίαι, ψυχικαί, σωματικαί, αἱ κοσμικαι ἐπιθυμίαι, εἰς ἐπιθυμίας to arouse lusts, ποιεῖν τάς ἐπιθυμίας, ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις, L T Tr WH); δουλεύειν ἐπιθυμίαις (see δουλεύω, 2b.), ἄγεσθαι ἐπιθυμίαις, πορεύεσθαι ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις, πορεύεσθαι κατά τάς ἐπιθυμίας, ἀναστρέφεσθαι ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκός, πάθος, and see Trench, § lxxxvii.)

Greek Monolingual

και επιθύμια και επιθυμιά και αποθυμιά, η (AM ἐπιθυμία, Μ και ἐπιθύμια και ἐπιθυμιά και ἀποθυμιά) επιθυμώ
1. πόθος, λαχτάρα («με επιθυμία να τηράζεις δύο μεγάλα σε θωρώ», Σολωμός)
2. ερωτική, σαρκική επιθυμία, πόθος, ηδονή
μσν.
1. ανυπομονησία, αγωνία
2. ακόρεστη επιθυμία, απληστία
3. (για γυναίκα) ποθητή, αγαπημένη
4. αγάπη
5. το αντικείμενο της αγάπης
6. θέληση
αρχ.-μσν.
1. ζήλος, ενθουσιασμός, ενδιαφέρον, όρεξη
2. το αντικείμενο της επιθυμίας.

Greek Monotonic

ἐπιθῡμία: Ιων. -ίη, ἡ (ἐπιθυμέω),
1. επιθυμία, φλογερός πόθος, λαχτάρα, σε Ηρόδ., Πλάτ. κ.λπ.· ἐπιθυμίᾳ, με πάθος, αντίθ. προς το προνοίᾳ, σε Θουκ.
2. με γεν., λαχτάρα, προσδοκία για κάτι, επιθυμία ενός πράγματος, στον ίδ. κ.λπ.· ομοίως και, ἐπ. πρός τι, στον ίδ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἐπιθυμία:
1) желание, влечение, жажда, страсть (τινός Thuc., Plut. etc., περί τινα и περί τι Isocr., Plat., πρός τινα и πρός τι Xen., Arst., Polyb.): ἐ. σίτου Thuc. голод; ἐ. ὕδατος и τοῦ πιεῖν Thuc. желание пить, жажда; ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ τινὸς εἶναι или γίγνεσθαι Plat. желать чего-л.; εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἐλθεῖν или ἀφικέσθαι Plat. возыметь желание, пожелать чего-л.; ἐπιθυμίαν ἐμποιεῖν τινι εἴς τινα Thuc. или ἐπιθυμίαν τινὸς ἐμβάλλειν τινί Xen. внушить кому-л. влечение к кому(чему)-л.;
2) страстность, пылкость (ἐπιθυμίᾳ μὲν ἐλάχιστα κατορθοῦνται, προνοίᾳ δὲ πλεῖστα Thuc.);
3) замысел (ἐ. δόλιος Eur.).

Middle Liddell

ἐπιθῡμία, ἡ, ἐπιθυμέω
1. desire, yearning, longing, Hdt., Plat., etc.; ἐπιθυμίᾳ by passion, opp. to προνοίᾳ, Thuc.
2. c. gen. a longing after a thing, desire of or for it, Thuc., etc.; so, ἐπ. πρός τι Thuc.

Chinese

原文音譯:™piqum⋯a 誒披-替米阿
詞類次數:名詞(38)
原文字根:在上-感覺(著) 相當於: (אָוָה‎) (כָּסַף‎) (תַּאֲבָה‎)
字義溯源:慾望,情慾,私慾,縱慾,惡慾,慾,貪愛,心願,願意,熱望,渴望;源自(ἐπιθυμέω)=渴望);由(ἐπί)*=在⋯上)與(θυμός)=熱情)組成;而 (θυμός)出自(θύω / ἐπιθύω)*=急進)。這個名詞用來正面性的描寫:主耶穌‘渴望著’願意和門徒喫逾越筵席( 路22:15);保羅‘情願’離世與基督同在( 腓1:23);保羅很‘願意’見帖撒羅尼迦信徒的面( 帖前1:17)。還有中立性的描寫:巴比倫所‘貪愛的’果子離開了他( 啓18:14)。除此之外,其他三十餘次都是負面性邪惡或罪惡性的描寫
同源字:1) (ἐπιθυμέω)渴望 2) (ἐπιθυμητής)渴望者 3) (ἐπιθυμία)慾望 4) (θυμόω)發怒
同義字:1) (ἐπιθυμία)慾望 2) (εὐδοκία)滿意 3) (ὄρεξις)貪婪 4) (ὁρμή)暴動
出現次數:總共(38);可(1);路(1);約(1);羅(5);加(2);弗(2);腓(1);西(1);帖前(2);提前(1);提後(3);多(2);雅(2);彼前(4);彼後(4);約壹(3);猶(2);啓(1)
譯字彙編
1) 私慾(15) 可4:19; 約8:44; 羅6:12; 羅13:14; 加5:24; 弗2:3; 弗4:22; 提前6:9; 提後2:22; 提後3:6; 多3:3; 雅1:14; 雅1:15; 彼前2:11; 猶1:18;
2) 情慾(12) 羅1:24; 加5:16; 提後4:3; 多2:12; 彼前4:2; 彼後2:10; 彼後2:18; 彼後3:3; 約壹2:16; 約壹2:16; 約壹2:17; 猶1:16;
3) 貪心(2) 羅7:7; 羅7:8;
4) 惡慾(1) 彼前4:3;
5) 所貪愛(1) 啓18:14;
6) 情慾的(1) 彼後1:4;
7) 放縱情慾(1) 彼前1:14;
8) 慾(1) 西3:5;
9) 渴望著(1) 路22:15;
10) 心願(1) 腓1:23;
11) 願意(1) 帖前2:17;
12) 私慾的(1) 帖前4:5

English (Woodhouse)

desire, appetite for, craving for, desire for, striving after

⇢ Look up on Google | Wiktionary | LSJ full text search (Translation based on the reversal of Woodhouse's English to Ancient Greek dictionary)

Translations

something wished for

Afrikaans: begeerte, wens; Albanian: dëshirë; Arabic: رَغْبَة‎; Armenian: ցանկություն, իղձ; Asturian: deséu; Azerbaijani: arzu, nəfs; Bashkir: теләк; Belarusian: жада́нне; Bengali: আরজু, আরমান, তামান্না, ইচ্ছা, আরজু, খায়েশ; Bulgarian: жела́ние; Buryat: дуран; Catalan: desig; Chinese Mandarin: 慾望/欲望, 欲望, 願望, 愿望; Czech: přání, touha; Danish: ønske; Dutch: verlangen, wens; Esperanto: deziro; Estonian: soov; Finnish: halu; French: désir; Galician: desexo, degoro, devezo, arela, retento, acexo, xusgo, gorromela, enrónica, engolemia; Georgian: სურვილი; German: Begehren, Wunsch; Greek: επιθυμία; Ancient Greek: ἐπιθύμημα; Hawaiian: makemake, ʻiʻini, ʻanoʻi; Hebrew: חפץ‎; Hindi: इच्छा, चाह; Hungarian: vágy, kívánság, óhaj; Icelandic: löngun; Ido: deziro; Ilocano: anag, arem; Indonesian: keinginan, kemauan, kehendak; Irish: mian; Italian: desiderio, voglia; Japanese: 願望, 大願, 宿願, 野望; Kalmyk: дурн; Kazakh: тілек, ықылас; Khmer: បំណងប្រាថ្នា; Korean: 욕망; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ئارەزوو‎, ئاوات‎, دڵ خواز‎; Kyrgyz: тилек, каалоо; Latin: voluntas, desiderium, studium, cupiditas, cupido; Latvian: vēlēšanās, vēlme; Lithuanian: troškimas, noras, pageidavimas; Macedonian: желба; Malay: keinginan; Malayalam: ആഗ്രഹം, മോഹം; Manx: mian, dooill; Marathi: ईच्छा; Mirandese: deseio; Mongolian: дур, хүсэл; Norwegian: ønske; Old English: lust; Persian: آرزو‎; Polish: pragnienie, pożądanie; Portuguese: desejo; Romanian: dorință, deziderat; Russian: охота, жела́ние, пожела́ние; Sanskrit: वनस्, इच्छा; Serbo-Croatian: жеља, želja, жудња, žudnja; Slovak: túžba, želanie; Slovene: želja; Spanish: deseo; Swahili: ari; Swedish: önskan, längtan; Tajik: орзу‍, хоҳиш, майл, рағбат; Tatar: теләк; Thai: ปรารถนา, ความต้องการ; Turkish: arzu; Turkmen: isleg; Ukrainian: бажа́ння; Urdu: خواہش‎, تمنا‎; Uzbek: orzu, ishtiyoq, istak, tilak; Vietnamese: mong muốn; Volapük: desir; Yiddish: באַגער‎

strong attraction

Armenian: կիրք; Azerbaijani: istək; Bulgarian: жела́ние, жадуване; Catalan: desig; Czech: touha; Danish: begær, lyst; Dutch: begeerte; Estonian: iha; Finnish: halu; French: désir; Galician: desexo; German: Begehren; Gothic: 𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃, 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹; Greek: επιθυμία, πόθος; Ancient Greek: ἵμερος, ἐπιθυμία, πόθος; Hebrew: תשוקה‎; Hindi: वासना, कामना; Hungarian: vágy, vonzalom, vonzódás; Indonesian: hasrat; Irish: mian, dúil, fonn, saint; Italian: desiderio; Javanese: niat; Khmer: បំណងប្រាថ្នា; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ئاواتی دڵ‎; Latin: desiderium, studium, cupitas; Latvian: iekāre, alkas; Lithuanian: geismas, potraukis, aistra; Macedonian: копнеж, страст; Malay: hasrat, nafsu; Malayalam: ആഗ്രഹം; Norwegian Bokmål: begjær, attrå; Old English: lust; Old Javanese: tṛṣṇa; Persian: میل‎, خواهش‎; Polish: pożądanie; Portuguese: desejo; Romanian: dorință; Russian: жела́ние, вожделе́ние, влече́ние; Serbo-Croatian: žudnja; Slovene: poželenje; Spanish: deseo; Swahili: ari; Swedish: begär, åtrå; Telugu: ఆకర్షణ; Thai: ความใคร่; Tocharian B: kāwalyñe; Urdu: چاہت‎; Yiddish: באַגער‎