praecipio: Difference between revisions
ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς → ye shall know them by their fruits, by their fruits ye shall know them, by their fruits you shall know them, you will know them by their fruit
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|lshtext=<b>prae-cĭpĭo</b>: cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [[capio]],<br /><b>I</b> to [[take]] or [[seize]] [[beforehand]], to [[get]] or [[receive]] in [[advance]] ([[class]]., esp. in the trop. [[sense]]; syn.: [[anticipo]], [[praeoccupo]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., Lucr. 6, 1050: [[nisi]] aquam praecepimus [[ante]], id. 6, 804: a publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: aliquantum viae, to [[get]] the [[start]] [[somewhat]], Liv. 36, 19: longius [[spatium]] fugā, id. 22, 41 fin.: [[iter]], id. 3, 46: Piraeeum quinqueremibus, to [[preoccupy]], id. 32, 16, 5: [[mons]] a Lusitanis [[praeceptus]], Sall. Fragm. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 3: si lac praeceperit [[aestus]], i. e. [[have]] [[previously]] dried up, Verg. E. 3, 98.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., in jurid. lang, to [[receive]] (esp. an [[inheritance]] or [[bequest]]) in [[advance]], Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4: si [[heres]] [[centum]] praecipere jussus [[sit]], Dig. 30, 122; so ib. 36, 1, 63: quantitatem dotis, ib. 17, 2, 81: dotem, ib. 10, 2, 46: per praeceptionem hoc [[modo]] legamus: [[Lucius]] [[Titius]] hominem Stichum [[praecipito]], Gai. Inst. 2, 216. —<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., to [[take]] or [[obtain]] in [[advance]], to [[anticipate]]: aliquantum ad fugam temporis [[Syphax]] et [[Hasdrubal]] praeceperunt, gained [[some]] [[advantage]] in [[time]], Liv. 30, 8 fin.: [[tempus]], id. 1, 7: celeres neu praecipe Parcas, do not [[hasten]] in [[advance]] of, do not [[anticipate]], Stat. Th. 8, 328; so, [[veneno]] fata praecepit, Flor. 3, 9, 4: [[praecipio]] gaudia suppliciorum vestrorum, I [[rejoice]] in [[advance]], Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51; cf. Liv. 45, 1, 1: jam [[animo]] victoriam praecipiebant, figured to [[themselves]] [[beforehand]], Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Liv. 10, 26: spe jam praecipit hostem, Verg. A. 11, 491: praecipere cogitatione futura, to [[conjecture]] or [[imagine]] [[beforehand]], Cic. Off. 1, 23, 81: omnia, Verg. A. 6, 105; cf.: haec usu ventura opinione praeceperat, had [[already]] [[suspected]], Caes. B. G. 7, 9: sed alterum mihi est certius, nec praecipiam [[tamen]], Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., to [[give]] rules or precepts to [[any]] one, to [[advise]], [[admonish]], [[warn]], [[inform]], [[instruct]], [[teach]]; to [[enjoin]], [[direct]], [[bid]], [[order]], etc. (syn.: [[mando]], [[impero]], [[doceo]]): vilici officia, quae [[dominus]] praecepit, [[Cato]], R. R. 142: Philocomasio id praecipiendum est, ut sciat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 92: [[quoi]] [[numquam]] unam rem me [[licet]] [[semel]] praecipere, id. As. 2, 4, 15: quae ego [[tibi]] [[praecipio]], ea facito, id. Trin. 2, 2, 17: docui, monui, [[bene]] praecepi [[semper]] quae potui omnia, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6: [[quicquid]] praecipies, esto [[brevis]], Hor. A. P. 335: de eloquentiā, Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48: de agriculturā, Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 201: alicui aliquid praecipere, Cic. Mur. 2, 4: glossemata nobis, Asin. Gall. ap. Suet. Gram. 22: numerumque modumque carinis Praecipiant, Verg. A. 11, 329: [[cantus]] lugubres, Hor. C. 1, 24, 2: artem nandi, Ov. Tr. 2, 486: humanitatem, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2, etc.: mitem animum et [[mores]] modicis erroribus aequos Praecipit, enjoins, recommends, Juv. 14, 16.—With inf.: justitia praecipit, parcere omnibus, Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; so, paeoniam praecipiunt eruere [[noctu]], Plin. 25, 4, 10, § 29: codicillos aperiri [[testator]] praecepit, Dig. 31, 1, 89.—With ut: illud [[potius]] praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc., Cic. Lael. 16, 60: recte [[etiam]] praecipi potest in amicitiis, ne, etc., id. ib. 20, 75: consulentibus [[Pythia]] praecepit, ut, etc., Nep. Milt. 1, 3.—With subj. [[alone]]: praecipit [[atque]] interdicit, omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum, Caes. B. G. 5, 58: his praecepit, omnes mortales pecuniā aggrediantur, Sall. J. 28, 1.—With acc. and inf.: [[etiam]] scelere convictos [[nonnisi]] ad [[opus]] damnari praeceperat, Suet. Ner. 31: D. [[Claudius]] [[edicto]] praecepit, decreed, commanded, Dig. 48, 10, 15. —As subst.: praecĭpĭens, entis, m., a [[teacher]], Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70: jam [[prope]] consummata fuerit praecipientis [[opera]], Quint. 2, 6, 6: in [[numero]] praecipientium, id. 2, 3, 5.—Hence, [[praeceptum]], i, n. (acc. to II. B.), a [[maxim]], [[rule]], [[precept]]; an [[order]], [[direction]], [[command]], [[bidding]]; an [[injunction]], etc. ([[class]].): quo [[praecepto]] ab iis diligentissime observato, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: [[sine]] [[praecepto]] ullius suā [[sponte]] struebatur [[acies]], Liv. 9, 31: transvectae [[praecepto]] ducis alae, Tac. Agr. 37: hoc [[praeceptum]] patet latius, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.: hoc [[praeceptum]] officii [[diligenter]] tenendum est, id. Off. 2, 14, 51.—In plur.: tuis monitis praeceptisque, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3: in [[quam]] (partem) praecepta nobis danda sunt, id. Inv. 2, 17, 53; 2, 34, 105: abundare praeceptis philosophiae, id. Off. 1, 1, 1: [[dare]] praecepta dicendi, id. Brut. 76, 273; cf. studiosis dicendi praecepta tradere, id. Or. 41, 141: deūm praecepta secuti, orders, commands, Verg. G. 4, 448: [[sine]] vi non ulla dabit ([[Nereus]]) praecepta, id. ib. 4, 398. | |lshtext=<b>prae-cĭpĭo</b>: cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. [[capio]],<br /><b>I</b> to [[take]] or [[seize]] [[beforehand]], to [[get]] or [[receive]] in [[advance]] ([[class]]., esp. in the trop. [[sense]]; syn.: [[anticipo]], [[praeoccupo]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., Lucr. 6, 1050: [[nisi]] aquam praecepimus [[ante]], id. 6, 804: a publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: aliquantum viae, to [[get]] the [[start]] [[somewhat]], Liv. 36, 19: longius [[spatium]] fugā, id. 22, 41 fin.: [[iter]], id. 3, 46: Piraeeum quinqueremibus, to [[preoccupy]], id. 32, 16, 5: [[mons]] a Lusitanis [[praeceptus]], Sall. Fragm. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 3: si lac praeceperit [[aestus]], i. e. [[have]] [[previously]] dried up, Verg. E. 3, 98.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., in jurid. lang, to [[receive]] (esp. an [[inheritance]] or [[bequest]]) in [[advance]], Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4: si [[heres]] [[centum]] praecipere jussus [[sit]], Dig. 30, 122; so ib. 36, 1, 63: quantitatem dotis, ib. 17, 2, 81: dotem, ib. 10, 2, 46: per praeceptionem hoc [[modo]] legamus: [[Lucius]] [[Titius]] hominem Stichum [[praecipito]], Gai. Inst. 2, 216. —<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., to [[take]] or [[obtain]] in [[advance]], to [[anticipate]]: aliquantum ad fugam temporis [[Syphax]] et [[Hasdrubal]] praeceperunt, gained [[some]] [[advantage]] in [[time]], Liv. 30, 8 fin.: [[tempus]], id. 1, 7: celeres neu praecipe Parcas, do not [[hasten]] in [[advance]] of, do not [[anticipate]], Stat. Th. 8, 328; so, [[veneno]] fata praecepit, Flor. 3, 9, 4: [[praecipio]] gaudia suppliciorum vestrorum, I [[rejoice]] in [[advance]], Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51; cf. Liv. 45, 1, 1: jam [[animo]] victoriam praecipiebant, figured to [[themselves]] [[beforehand]], Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Liv. 10, 26: spe jam praecipit hostem, Verg. A. 11, 491: praecipere cogitatione futura, to [[conjecture]] or [[imagine]] [[beforehand]], Cic. Off. 1, 23, 81: omnia, Verg. A. 6, 105; cf.: haec usu ventura opinione praeceperat, had [[already]] [[suspected]], Caes. B. G. 7, 9: sed alterum mihi est certius, nec praecipiam [[tamen]], Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic., to [[give]] rules or precepts to [[any]] one, to [[advise]], [[admonish]], [[warn]], [[inform]], [[instruct]], [[teach]]; to [[enjoin]], [[direct]], [[bid]], [[order]], etc. (syn.: [[mando]], [[impero]], [[doceo]]): vilici officia, quae [[dominus]] praecepit, [[Cato]], R. R. 142: Philocomasio id praecipiendum est, ut sciat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 92: [[quoi]] [[numquam]] unam rem me [[licet]] [[semel]] praecipere, id. As. 2, 4, 15: quae ego [[tibi]] [[praecipio]], ea facito, id. Trin. 2, 2, 17: docui, monui, [[bene]] praecepi [[semper]] quae potui omnia, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6: [[quicquid]] praecipies, esto [[brevis]], Hor. A. P. 335: de eloquentiā, Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48: de agriculturā, Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 201: alicui aliquid praecipere, Cic. Mur. 2, 4: glossemata nobis, Asin. Gall. ap. Suet. Gram. 22: numerumque modumque carinis Praecipiant, Verg. A. 11, 329: [[cantus]] lugubres, Hor. C. 1, 24, 2: artem nandi, Ov. Tr. 2, 486: humanitatem, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2, etc.: mitem animum et [[mores]] modicis erroribus aequos Praecipit, enjoins, recommends, Juv. 14, 16.—With inf.: justitia praecipit, parcere omnibus, Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; so, paeoniam praecipiunt eruere [[noctu]], Plin. 25, 4, 10, § 29: codicillos aperiri [[testator]] praecepit, Dig. 31, 1, 89.—With ut: illud [[potius]] praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc., Cic. Lael. 16, 60: recte [[etiam]] praecipi potest in amicitiis, ne, etc., id. ib. 20, 75: consulentibus [[Pythia]] praecepit, ut, etc., Nep. Milt. 1, 3.—With subj. [[alone]]: praecipit [[atque]] interdicit, omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum, Caes. B. G. 5, 58: his praecepit, omnes mortales pecuniā aggrediantur, Sall. J. 28, 1.—With acc. and inf.: [[etiam]] scelere convictos [[nonnisi]] ad [[opus]] damnari praeceperat, Suet. Ner. 31: D. [[Claudius]] [[edicto]] praecepit, decreed, commanded, Dig. 48, 10, 15. —As subst.: praecĭpĭens, entis, m., a [[teacher]], Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70: jam [[prope]] consummata fuerit praecipientis [[opera]], Quint. 2, 6, 6: in [[numero]] praecipientium, id. 2, 3, 5.—Hence, [[praeceptum]], i, n. (acc. to II. B.), a [[maxim]], [[rule]], [[precept]]; an [[order]], [[direction]], [[command]], [[bidding]]; an [[injunction]], etc. ([[class]].): quo [[praecepto]] ab iis diligentissime observato, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: [[sine]] [[praecepto]] ullius suā [[sponte]] struebatur [[acies]], Liv. 9, 31: transvectae [[praecepto]] ducis alae, Tac. Agr. 37: hoc [[praeceptum]] patet latius, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.: hoc [[praeceptum]] officii [[diligenter]] tenendum est, id. Off. 2, 14, 51.—In plur.: tuis monitis praeceptisque, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3: in [[quam]] (partem) praecepta nobis danda sunt, id. Inv. 2, 17, 53; 2, 34, 105: abundare praeceptis philosophiae, id. Off. 1, 1, 1: [[dare]] praecepta dicendi, id. Brut. 76, 273; cf. studiosis dicendi praecepta tradere, id. Or. 41, 141: deūm praecepta secuti, orders, commands, Verg. G. 4, 448: [[sine]] vi non ulla dabit ([[Nereus]]) praecepta, id. ib. 4, 398. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>præcĭpĭō</b>,⁸ cēpī, ceptum, ĕre (præ et [[capio]]), tr.,<br /><b>1</b> prendre avant, prendre le premier : Lucr. 6, 804 ; 6, 1050 ; a publicanis pecuniam mutuam Cæs. C. 3, 31, 2, se faire avancer de l’argent par les publicains sous forme d’emprunt ; [[mons]] præceptus Sall. d. Gell. 10, 26, 3, mont occupé d’avance ; longius [[spatium]] præcipere [[fuga]] Liv. 22, 41, 9, prendre en fuyant une assez longue avance ; [[aliquantum]] viæ Liv. 36, 19, 9 ; [[aliquantum]] temporis Liv. 30, 8, 9, prendre une avance notable de chemin, de temps ; tempore præcepto Liv. 1, 7, 1, à cause de l’avance obtenue (de la priorité) dans le temps || [droit] obtenir par préciput dans un héritage : Plin. Min. Ep. 10, 75, 2 ; abs<sup>t</sup>] Plin. Min. Ep. 5, 7, 1<br /><b>2</b> [fig.] gaudia Ant. d. Cic. Phil. 13, 45, se réjouir par avance, cf. Hirt. G. 8, 51 ; Liv. 45, 1, 1 ; ut ne [[multi]] [[illud]] [[ante]] præciperent oculis [[quam]] [[populus]] [[Romanus]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, pour empêcher qu’une foule de personnes eussent la primeur de sa vue avant le peuple romain ; [[animo]] victoriam Cæs. C. 3, 87, 7, se figurer d’avance la victoire ; cogitatione futura Cic. Off. 1, 81, prévoir ce qui arrivera ; hæc usu ventura opinione præceperat Cæs. G. 7, 9, 1, il avait prévu ce qui arriverait || præcipere seul = prévoir : Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2<br /><b>3</b> recommander, conseiller, donner des instructions, des conseils, prescrire : alicui tempestatum rationem Cic. Mur. 4, recommander à qqn la supputation des tempêtes || [avec inf.] [[justitia]] præcipit parcere omnibus Cic. Rep. 3, 21, la justice recommande, ordonne d’épargner tout le monde || [avec ut ] Cic. Off. 1, 51 ; Læl. 60 ; [avec ne ] recommander de ne pas : Cic. Phil. 8, 2 ; Læl. 75 || [avec subj. seul] [[eis]] præcipit... aggrediantur Sall. J. 28, 1 ; il leur recommande d’entreprendre..., cf. Cic. Cæl. 62 || [avec prop. inf. au pass.] sarcinas incendi Curt. 6, 6, 15, prescrire d’incendier les bagages, cf. Suet. [[Nero]] 31 || abs<sup>t</sup>] ut [[mihi]] præcepisti Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 2, comme tu me l’as recommandé<br /><b>4</b> donner des leçons, des préceptes, enseigner : an [[ratio]] [[parum]] præcipit [[nec]] [[bonum]] [[illud]] [[esse]] [[nec]]... ? Cic. Tusc. 4, 39, la raison n’enseigne-t-elle pas assez que ni cela n’[[est]] un bien ni... || abs<sup>t</sup>] de [[eloquentia]] Cic. de Or. 2, 48, donner des leçons d’éloquence ; præcipiens [[quidam]] Cic. Rep. 1, 70, qqn qui enseigne ; præcipientes, ium Quint. 2, 3, 5, les maîtres. | |||
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Revision as of 07:01, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
prae-cĭpĭo: cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. capio,
I to take or seize beforehand, to get or receive in advance (class., esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: anticipo, praeoccupo).
I Lit.
A In gen., Lucr. 6, 1050: nisi aquam praecepimus ante, id. 6, 804: a publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat, Caes. B. C. 3, 31: aliquantum viae, to get the start somewhat, Liv. 36, 19: longius spatium fugā, id. 22, 41 fin.: iter, id. 3, 46: Piraeeum quinqueremibus, to preoccupy, id. 32, 16, 5: mons a Lusitanis praeceptus, Sall. Fragm. ap. Gell. 10, 26, 3: si lac praeceperit aestus, i. e. have previously dried up, Verg. E. 3, 98.—
B In partic., in jurid. lang, to receive (esp. an inheritance or bequest) in advance, Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4: si heres centum praecipere jussus sit, Dig. 30, 122; so ib. 36, 1, 63: quantitatem dotis, ib. 17, 2, 81: dotem, ib. 10, 2, 46: per praeceptionem hoc modo legamus: Lucius Titius hominem Stichum praecipito, Gai. Inst. 2, 216. —
II Trop.
A In gen., to take or obtain in advance, to anticipate: aliquantum ad fugam temporis Syphax et Hasdrubal praeceperunt, gained some advantage in time, Liv. 30, 8 fin.: tempus, id. 1, 7: celeres neu praecipe Parcas, do not hasten in advance of, do not anticipate, Stat. Th. 8, 328; so, veneno fata praecepit, Flor. 3, 9, 4: praecipio gaudia suppliciorum vestrorum, I rejoice in advance, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Hirt. B. G. 8, 51; cf. Liv. 45, 1, 1: jam animo victoriam praecipiebant, figured to themselves beforehand, Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Liv. 10, 26: spe jam praecipit hostem, Verg. A. 11, 491: praecipere cogitatione futura, to conjecture or imagine beforehand, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 81: omnia, Verg. A. 6, 105; cf.: haec usu ventura opinione praeceperat, had already suspected, Caes. B. G. 7, 9: sed alterum mihi est certius, nec praecipiam tamen, Cic. Att. 10, 1, 2.—
B In partic., to give rules or precepts to any one, to advise, admonish, warn, inform, instruct, teach; to enjoin, direct, bid, order, etc. (syn.: mando, impero, doceo): vilici officia, quae dominus praecepit, Cato, R. R. 142: Philocomasio id praecipiendum est, ut sciat, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 92: quoi numquam unam rem me licet semel praecipere, id. As. 2, 4, 15: quae ego tibi praecipio, ea facito, id. Trin. 2, 2, 17: docui, monui, bene praecepi semper quae potui omnia, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 6: quicquid praecipies, esto brevis, Hor. A. P. 335: de eloquentiā, Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 48: de agriculturā, Plin. 18, 24, 56, § 201: alicui aliquid praecipere, Cic. Mur. 2, 4: glossemata nobis, Asin. Gall. ap. Suet. Gram. 22: numerumque modumque carinis Praecipiant, Verg. A. 11, 329: cantus lugubres, Hor. C. 1, 24, 2: artem nandi, Ov. Tr. 2, 486: humanitatem, Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2, etc.: mitem animum et mores modicis erroribus aequos Praecipit, enjoins, recommends, Juv. 14, 16.—With inf.: justitia praecipit, parcere omnibus, Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; so, paeoniam praecipiunt eruere noctu, Plin. 25, 4, 10, § 29: codicillos aperiri testator praecepit, Dig. 31, 1, 89.—With ut: illud potius praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc., Cic. Lael. 16, 60: recte etiam praecipi potest in amicitiis, ne, etc., id. ib. 20, 75: consulentibus Pythia praecepit, ut, etc., Nep. Milt. 1, 3.—With subj. alone: praecipit atque interdicit, omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum, Caes. B. G. 5, 58: his praecepit, omnes mortales pecuniā aggrediantur, Sall. J. 28, 1.—With acc. and inf.: etiam scelere convictos nonnisi ad opus damnari praeceperat, Suet. Ner. 31: D. Claudius edicto praecepit, decreed, commanded, Dig. 48, 10, 15. —As subst.: praecĭpĭens, entis, m., a teacher, Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70: jam prope consummata fuerit praecipientis opera, Quint. 2, 6, 6: in numero praecipientium, id. 2, 3, 5.—Hence, praeceptum, i, n. (acc. to II. B.), a maxim, rule, precept; an order, direction, command, bidding; an injunction, etc. (class.): quo praecepto ab iis diligentissime observato, Caes. B. G. 5, 35: sine praecepto ullius suā sponte struebatur acies, Liv. 9, 31: transvectae praecepto ducis alae, Tac. Agr. 37: hoc praeceptum patet latius, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.: hoc praeceptum officii diligenter tenendum est, id. Off. 2, 14, 51.—In plur.: tuis monitis praeceptisque, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3: in quam (partem) praecepta nobis danda sunt, id. Inv. 2, 17, 53; 2, 34, 105: abundare praeceptis philosophiae, id. Off. 1, 1, 1: dare praecepta dicendi, id. Brut. 76, 273; cf. studiosis dicendi praecepta tradere, id. Or. 41, 141: deūm praecepta secuti, orders, commands, Verg. G. 4, 448: sine vi non ulla dabit (Nereus) praecepta, id. ib. 4, 398.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
præcĭpĭō,⁸ cēpī, ceptum, ĕre (præ et capio), tr.,
1 prendre avant, prendre le premier : Lucr. 6, 804 ; 6, 1050 ; a publicanis pecuniam mutuam Cæs. C. 3, 31, 2, se faire avancer de l’argent par les publicains sous forme d’emprunt ; mons præceptus Sall. d. Gell. 10, 26, 3, mont occupé d’avance ; longius spatium præcipere fuga Liv. 22, 41, 9, prendre en fuyant une assez longue avance ; aliquantum viæ Liv. 36, 19, 9 ; aliquantum temporis Liv. 30, 8, 9, prendre une avance notable de chemin, de temps ; tempore præcepto Liv. 1, 7, 1, à cause de l’avance obtenue (de la priorité) dans le temps
