ἐθνάρχης

English (LSJ)

ου, ὁ, A ethnarch, ruler of a tribe or nation, Ἄσανδρος ἀντὶ ἐθνάρχου βασιλεὺς ἀναγορευθεὶς βοσπόρου Luc.Macr.17; sheikh, OGI616.2 (Arabia); of Abraham, Ph.1.513. 2 title of Jewish official, LXX 1 Ma.14.47, Str.17.1.13, Nic.Dam.p.143 D., 2 Ep.Cor.11.32, J.AJ 13.6.7. II Adj., ruling over nations, ἐ. θεοί Jul.Gal.115d, cf. 143a.

German (Pape)

[Seite 720] ὁ, Volksbeherrscher, Luc. Macrob. 17; Statthalter, LXX.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἐθνάρχης: -ου, ὁ, ὁ ἄρχων ἔθνους ἢ λαοῦ, Λουκ. Μακρόβ. 17. 2· νομάρχης. Ἐπιστ. π. Κορινθ. ια΄, 32. ΙΙ. ἄρχων Ῥωμαίων μισθοφόρων. Σκυλίτζ. σ. 787.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (ὁ) :
gouverneur ou chef d'un peuple.
Étymologie: ἔθνος, ἄρχω.

Spanish (DGE)

-ου, ὁ I 1cabecilla o jefe de tribu entre los beduinos, jeque Σοαίδου ... ἐθνάρχου, στρατηγοῦ νομάδων ... μνημεῖον monumento de Saud, jeque y jefe de nómadas, OGI 616.2 (Arabia II d.C.)
•entre los judíos caudillo, príncipe de su nación de Abraham, Ph.1.513, de Judá, Origenes Princ.4.1.3, de Simón στρατηγὸς καὶ ἐ. LXX 1Ma.14.47, cf. I.AI 13.214.
2 de figuras divinas rector, protector de una nación del Dios de los judíos, Dion.Ar.CH 9.4
•como adj. que tiene a su cargo una nación, nacional θεοί Iul.Gal.21.115d, 26.143a, πολιούχοις ... καὶ ἐθνάρχαις θεοῖς a los dioses de las ciudades y a los de las naciones Cyr.Al.M.76.704C, cf. Oecum.Apoc.10.190, ἄγγελος ἐ. op. al ‘ángel de la guarda’ personal, Basil.Eunom.656B.
II nombrado por la admin. heleníst.-rom. jefe de comunidad étnica, etnarca, gobernador delegado ἐπιστρατηγοὺς τινὰς καὶ νομάρχας καὶ ἐθνάρχας ... ἀποδείξαντες en Alejandría, por parte de los romanos, Str.17.1.13, cf. SEG 26.1623.25 (Comagene I a.C.), Ἄσανδρος δὲ ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ Σεβαστοῦ ἀντὶ ἐθνάρχου βασιλεὺς ἀναγορευθεὶς Βοσπόρου Luc.Macr.17
•esp. de la comunidad judía ὁ Καῖσαρ Ἀρχέλαον ... ἐθνάρχην κατέστησεν Nic.Dam.136.11, cf. I.AI 14.194, 2Ep.Cor.11.32, Origenes M.11.84A, ἐνεύχομαι ... τὴν τιμὴν τῶν πατριαρχῶν καὶ τὴν τιμὴν τῶν ἐθν{ι}αρχῶν de una comunidad judía CIIud.719.6 (Argos).

English (Strong)

from ἔθνος and ἀρχή; the governor (not king) of a district: ethnarch.

English (Thayer)

ἐθναρχου, ὁ (from ἔθνος and ἄρχω), (equivalent to founder of a nation, Philo, quis rer. div. her. § 56), an ethnarch, one set over a people as ruler, but without the authority and name of king (Lucian, in Macrobius, § 17 ἀντί ἐθναρχου βασιλεύς ἀναγορευθεις Βοσπορου; so the governor whom the Alexandrian Jews used to have was called ἐθνάρχης, of whom Josephus says, Antiquities 14,7, 2, ὅς διοικεῖ τέ τό ἔθνος καί δίαιτα κρίσεις καί συμβολαιων ἐπιμελειται καί προσταγμάτων, ὡς ἄνπολιτείας ἄρχων ἀυτοτελους; likewise Simon Maccabaeus, Josephus, Antiquities 13,6, 6; cf. (19,5, 2); b. j. 2,6, 3): ὁ ἐθνάρχης Ἁρέτα τοῦ βασιλέως, the governor of Damascene Syria, ruling in the name of king Aretas (which see); cf. B. D. under the word Smith's Bible Dictionary, Governor, 11).

Greek Monolingual

ο (AM ἐθνάρχης)
αρχηγός έθνους
νεοελλ.
θρησκευτικός, πνευματικός ή πολιτικός ηγέτης που αγωνίζεται για την απελευθέρωση υπόδουλου έθνους ή μέρους του ή ενσαρκώνει τα εθνικά ιδανικά και έχει κύρος σε όλο το έθνος και όχι σε μία μόνο παράταξη
μσν.
στρατηγός, αρχηγός μισθοφόρων στο Βυζάντιο
αρχ.
1. τίτλος Ιουδαίου άρχοντα
2. αυτός που εξουσιάζει τα έθνη.

Greek Monotonic

ἐθνάρχης: -ου, ὁ (ἄρχω), εθνάρχης, άρχοντας ἔθνους, σε Καινή Διαθήκη, Λουκ.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἐθνάρχης: ου ὁ этнарх, начальник области, правитель Luc.

Middle Liddell

ἐθνάρχης, ου, ἄρχω
an ethnarch, NTest., Luc.

Wikipedia EN

Ethnarch, pronounced /ˈɛθnɑːrk/, the anglicized form of ethnarches (Greek: ἐθνάρχης), refers generally to political leadership over a common ethnic group or homogeneous kingdom. The word is derived from the Greek words ἔθνος (ethnos, "tribe/nation") and ἄρχων (archon, "leader/ruler"). Strong's Concordance gives the definition of 'ethnarch' as "the governor (not king) of a district."

The title first appeared in the Hellenistic Middle East, possibly in Judea. In the First book of Maccabees the word is used three times (1 Maccabees 14:47 and 15:1-2), where Simon Thassi is referred to as the high priest and ethnarch of the Judeans.

It was used in the region even after it fell under the dominion of Rome, and into the early Roman Empire, to refer to rulers of vassal kingdoms who did not rise to the level of kings. The Romans used the terms natio and gens for a people as a genetic and cultural entity, regardless of political statehood.

The best-known is probably Herod Archelaus, son of Herod the Great, who was ethnarch of Samaria, Judea (Biblical Judah), and Idumea (Biblical Edom), from the death of his father in 4 BC to AD 6. This region is known as the Tetrarchy of Judea. His brother Philip received the north-east of the realm and was styled Tetrarch (circa 'ruler of a quarter'); and Galilee was given to Herod Antipas, who bore the same title. Consequently, Archelaus' title singled him out as the senior ruler, higher in rank than the tetrarchs and the chief of the Jewish nation; these three sovereignties were in a sense reunited under Herod Agrippa from AD 41 to 44.

Previously, Hyrcanus II, one of the later Hasmonean rulers of Judea, had also held the title of ethnarch, as well as that of High Priest.

In the New Testament the word is used only once by the Apostle Paul in his Second Epistle to the Corinthians (2 Corinthians 11:32). However the definition of the word in terms of the actual jurisdiction and public office of the ethnarch may not be accurately determined.

Chinese

原文音譯：™qn£rchj 誒田-阿而黑士
詞類次數：名詞（1）
原文字根：民族-原始（者）
字義溯源：地區統治者，總督，提督；由（ἔθνος）*=種族）與（ἀρχή）=開始）組成；而 （ἀρχή）出自（ἄρχω）=著手）， （ἄρχω）出自（ἄρχω）*=為首）
出現次數：總共（1）；林後（1）
譯字彙編：
1） 提督（1） 林後11:32

Translations

als: ethnarch; be: этнарх; bg: етнарх; ca: etnarca; de: Ethnarch; en: ethnarch; es: etnarca; fr: ethnarque; he: אתנארך; id: etnark; it: etnarca; la: ethnarches; nl: ethnarch; pl: etnarcha; pt: etnarca; ru: этнарх; sh: etnarh; uk: етнарх