μαδάω: Difference between revisions
τί δ' ἢν ῥαφανιδωθῇ πιθόμενός σοι τέφρᾳ τε τιλθῇ, ἕξει τινὰ γνώμην λέγειν τὸ μὴ εὐρύπρωκτος εἶναι; → What if he should have a radish shoved up his ass because he trusted you and then have hot ashes rip off his hair? What argument will he be able to offer to prevent himself from having a gaping-anus | but suppose he trusts in your advice and gets a radish rammed right up his arse, and his pubic hairs are burned with red-hot cinders. Will he have some reasoned argument to demonstrate he's not a loose-arsed bugger
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">be moist</b> (Thphr.; on a disease of a fir-tree), also <b class="b2">fall off</b> of hair, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX).<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μαδῆσαι</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μάδησις</b> <b class="b2">falling off of hair</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">μαδαῖος</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Poet. <b class="b2">de herb</b>.; after <b class="b3">ἰκμαῖος</b>?). - Factitive <b class="b3">μαδίζω</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b2">remove the hair, pluck or singe bare</b> (medic.) with <b class="b3">μαδιστήριον</b> <b class="b2">instrument, place where depilation is carried on</b> = <b class="b3">ευ῝στρα</b> (Halicarn. Ia, sch.), <b class="b3">ὁλο-μάδιστος</b> <b class="b2">quite bald</b> (Cyran.), also <b class="b3">μάδισος</b> (s. below); as iterative <b class="b3">μαδάσκομαι</b> <b class="b2">become moist</b> (medic. VIIp). - Expressive enlargement <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλει τίλλει</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίει</b>; <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλοντες τίλλοντες</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίοντες</b> H., cf. <b class="b3">κναδάλλεται κνήθεται</b> H. and Debrunner IF 21, 91. - Besides <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Hp., Arist.), [[bald]] (Luc.) with <b class="b3">μαδαρότης</b> <b class="b2">baldness, falling off of the hair, the eyelashes</b> (Hp., Gal.), <b class="b3">μαδαρόω</b> <b class="b2">remove the hairs</b> (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Crete IIa), <b class="b3">μαδάρωσις</b> = <b class="b3">-ότης</b> (Gal., Vett. Val.; prob. direct from <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b>, cf. Chantraine Form. 279); <b class="b3">μαδαρ-ιάω</b> <b class="b2">suffer loss of hair</b> (Cleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Beside <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> there is <b class="b3">μαδι-γένειος</b> <b class="b2">with bald chin</b> (Arist.); cf. <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b>: <b class="b3">χαλί-φρων</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [694] <b class="b2">*meh₂d-</b>? | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">be moist</b> (Thphr.; on a disease of a fir-tree), also <b class="b2">fall off</b> of hair, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b> (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX).<br />Other forms: aor. <b class="b3">μαδῆσαι</b><br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μάδησις</b> <b class="b2">falling off of hair</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">μαδαῖος</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Poet. <b class="b2">de herb</b>.; after <b class="b3">ἰκμαῖος</b>?). - Factitive <b class="b3">μαδίζω</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b2">remove the hair, pluck or singe bare</b> (medic.) with <b class="b3">μαδιστήριον</b> <b class="b2">instrument, place where depilation is carried on</b> = <b class="b3">ευ῝στρα</b> (Halicarn. Ia, sch.), <b class="b3">ὁλο-μάδιστος</b> <b class="b2">quite bald</b> (Cyran.), also <b class="b3">μάδισος</b> (s. below); as iterative <b class="b3">μαδάσκομαι</b> <b class="b2">become moist</b> (medic. VIIp). - Expressive enlargement <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλει τίλλει</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίει</b>; <b class="b3">μα[γ]δάλλοντες τίλλοντες</b>, <b class="b3">ἐσθίοντες</b> H., cf. <b class="b3">κναδάλλεται κνήθεται</b> H. and Debrunner IF 21, 91. - Besides <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> <b class="b2">being moist</b> (Hp., Arist.), [[bald]] (Luc.) with <b class="b3">μαδαρότης</b> <b class="b2">baldness, falling off of the hair, the eyelashes</b> (Hp., Gal.), <b class="b3">μαδαρόω</b> <b class="b2">remove the hairs</b> (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Crete IIa), <b class="b3">μαδάρωσις</b> = <b class="b3">-ότης</b> (Gal., Vett. Val.; prob. direct from <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b>, cf. Chantraine Form. 279); <b class="b3">μαδαρ-ιάω</b> <b class="b2">suffer loss of hair</b> (Cleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Beside <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> there is <b class="b3">μαδι-γένειος</b> <b class="b2">with bald chin</b> (Arist.); cf. <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b>: <b class="b3">χαλί-φρων</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [694] <b class="b2">*meh₂d-</b>? [[be moist]], [[drip]]<br />Etymology: On the development <b class="b2">flow away</b> > <b class="b2">fall out</b> cf. <b class="b3">ἐκρέω</b> <b class="b2">flow away, fall out</b> and Lat. [[dēfluō]] <b class="b2">flow down</b>, also <b class="b2">fall out, go out</b> of hairs. - With <b class="b3">μαδάω</b> : <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> cf. <b class="b3">χαλάω</b> : <b class="b3">χαλαρός</b> and the synonymous pair <b class="b3">πλαδάω</b> : <b class="b3">πλαδαρός</b>; but aor. <b class="b3">μαδῆσαι</b> innovation against <b class="b3">χαλάσαι</b> (as <b class="b3">λαγαρός</b> : <b class="b3">λαγάσαι</b> a. o.); the morphological analysis, however, remains uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 682 f. - Only formally different are: Lat. [[madeō]] <b class="b2">be moist, drip, be drunk</b> (after the intransitives in <b class="b2">-ēre</b>), OIr. [[maidim]] <b class="b2">break (out)</b> (intr.), <b class="b2">fall to pieces</b> (from *'flow out, away' v.t.; can be formally identical with [[madeō]]), Skt. <b class="b2">mádati</b> (themat. root-pres.), <b class="b2">ma-mát-ti</b> (redupl.) a. o. <b class="b2">be drunken, fuddle oneself, swallow, be marry</b>; further connections, partly uncertain, in Bq, WP. 2, 230ff., Pok. 694f., W.-Hofmann s. [[madeō]]; ib. more lit. Attempt to identify <b class="b3">μαδαρός</b> and Lat. [[madidus]] (< <b class="b2">-iro-s</b>?), in Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. - Cf. <b class="b3">μαστός</b> and <b class="b3">μήδεα</b>. - Note (as backformation?) <b class="b3">μάδος</b> (<b class="b3">-ον</b>) as plant-name, = <b class="b3">ἄμπελος λευκή</b> (Dsc.), because its root was used for depilation; by H. rendered with <b class="b3">ψίλωθρον</b>, which may indicate the same plant. Besides <b class="b3">μαδωνάϊς</b> = <b class="b3">νυμφαία</b>, <b class="b2">water-lily</b> (Boeot. acc. to Thphr. HP 9, 13; because of its humid stand?); cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 307, who with several others changes to <b class="b3">μαδωνία</b> (cf. Chantraine Form. 208). - Also <b class="b3">μάδισος δίκελλα</b>. <b class="b3">οἱ δε μαδιβός</b> H., prob. from <b class="b3">μαδίζω</b>, s. above a. Chantraine 435; cf. <b class="b3">τάμισος</b> (from <b class="b3">ταμεῖν</b>)? On <b class="b2">*meh₂d-</b> see Lubotsky, MSS 40 (1981)133-138. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj |
Revision as of 10:55, 30 June 2020
English (LSJ)
A to be moist or sodden, of a disease in fig-trees, Thphr.HP4.14.5. 2 of hair, fall off, Ael.NA15.18; of persons, to be bald, Ar.Pl.266, Longus 3.32, cf. Gal.16.88; μ. τὰς τρίχας Sotion p.186 W.; ἐάν τινι μαδήσῃ ἡ κεφαλή LXX Le.13.40: abs., ἐὰν μαδήσῃ if there is baldness, Hp.Mul.2.189.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μᾰδάω: μέλλ. -ήσω, Λατ. madere, εἶμαι ὑγρὸς ἢ μαλακός, ἐπὶ νόσου τινὸς τῶν συκῶν, Θεοφρ. π. Φυτ. Ἱστ. 4. 14. 5. 2) ἐπὶ τριχῶν, «μαδῶ», ἐκπίπτω, Λατ. defluere, Αἰλ. π. Ζ. 15. 18· ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων, εἶμαι φαλακρός, Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 266, Λόγγος 3. 32· πρβλ. μαδίζω, μυδάω. (Πρβλ. μαδός, μαδαρός· Λατ. madeo, madesco, madidus, καὶ ἴσως τὸ manare.)
French (Bailly abrégé)
-ῶ :
tomber en parl. des cheveux.
Étymologie: R. Μαδ, être humide ; cf. lat. madeo.
Greek Monotonic
μᾰδάω: μέλ. -ήσω, είμαι πλαδαρός· είμαι φαλακρός, σε Αριστοφ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
μαδάω: досл. течь, растекаться, выпадать (о волосах), перен. быть плешивым (πρεσβύτης μαδῶν Arph.).
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: be moist (Thphr.; on a disease of a fir-tree), also fall off of hair, also with ἀπο- (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX).
Other forms: aor. μαδῆσαι
Derivatives: μάδησις falling off of hair (Hp.), μαδαῖος being moist (Poet. de herb.; after ἰκμαῖος?). - Factitive μαδίζω, also with ἀπο-, remove the hair, pluck or singe bare (medic.) with μαδιστήριον instrument, place where depilation is carried on = ευ῝στρα (Halicarn. Ia, sch.), ὁλο-μάδιστος quite bald (Cyran.), also μάδισος (s. below); as iterative μαδάσκομαι become moist (medic. VIIp). - Expressive enlargement μα[γ]δάλλει τίλλει, ἐσθίει; μα[γ]δάλλοντες τίλλοντες, ἐσθίοντες H., cf. κναδάλλεται κνήθεται H. and Debrunner IF 21, 91. - Besides μαδαρός being moist (Hp., Arist.), bald (Luc.) with μαδαρότης baldness, falling off of the hair, the eyelashes (Hp., Gal.), μαδαρόω remove the hairs (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Crete IIa), μαδάρωσις = -ότης (Gal., Vett. Val.; prob. direct from μαδαρός, cf. Chantraine Form. 279); μαδαρ-ιάω suffer loss of hair (Cleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Beside μαδαρός there is μαδι-γένειος with bald chin (Arist.); cf. χαλαρός: χαλί-φρων.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [694] *meh₂d-? be moist, drip
Etymology: On the development flow away > fall out cf. ἐκρέω flow away, fall out and Lat. dēfluō flow down, also fall out, go out of hairs. - With μαδάω : μαδαρός cf. χαλάω : χαλαρός and the synonymous pair πλαδάω : πλαδαρός; but aor. μαδῆσαι innovation against χαλάσαι (as λαγαρός : λαγάσαι a. o.); the morphological analysis, however, remains uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 682 f. - Only formally different are: Lat. madeō be moist, drip, be drunk (after the intransitives in -ēre), OIr. maidim break (out) (intr.), fall to pieces (from *'flow out, away' v.t.; can be formally identical with madeō), Skt. mádati (themat. root-pres.), ma-mát-ti (redupl.) a. o. be drunken, fuddle oneself, swallow, be marry; further connections, partly uncertain, in Bq, WP. 2, 230ff., Pok. 694f., W.-Hofmann s. madeō; ib. more lit. Attempt to identify μαδαρός and Lat. madidus (< -iro-s?), in Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. - Cf. μαστός and μήδεα. - Note (as backformation?) μάδος (-ον) as plant-name, = ἄμπελος λευκή (Dsc.), because its root was used for depilation; by H. rendered with ψίλωθρον, which may indicate the same plant. Besides μαδωνάϊς = νυμφαία, water-lily (Boeot. acc. to Thphr. HP 9, 13; because of its humid stand?); cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 307, who with several others changes to μαδωνία (cf. Chantraine Form. 208). - Also μάδισος δίκελλα. οἱ δε μαδιβός H., prob. from μαδίζω, s. above a. Chantraine 435; cf. τάμισος (from ταμεῖν)? On *meh₂d- see Lubotsky, MSS 40 (1981)133-138.
Middle Liddell
μᾰδάω, fut. -ήσω
to be flaccid: to be bald, Ar.
Frisk Etymology German
μαδάω: {madáō}
Forms: Aor. μαδῆσαι
Grammar: v.
Meaning: von Nässe triefen, zerfließen (Thphr.; bzgl. einer Krankheit des Feigenbaums), gew. ausfallen, ausgehen von.. Haar (auch mit ἀπο-), die Haare verlieren (Hp., Ar., Arist., LXX usw.).
Derivative: Davon μάδησις das Ausfallen der Haare (Hp.), μαδαῖος von Nässe triefend (Poet. de herb.; nach ἰκμαῖος?). — Dazu als Faktitivum μαδίζω, auch mit ἀπο-, die Haare entfernen, ausrupfen, sengen (Mediz. u. a.) mit μαδιστήριον Enthaarungsmittel, Senggrube = εὕστρα (Halikarn. Ia, Sch.) ὁλομάδιστος ganz kahlköpfig (Kyran.), wohl auch μάδισος (s. u.); als Iterativum μαδάσκομαι triefen, feucht werden (Mediz. VIIp). — Expressive Erweiterung μα[γ]δάλλει· τίλλει, ἐσθίει; μα[γ]δάλλοντες· τίλλοντες, ἐσθίοντες H., vgl. κναδάλλεται· κνήθεται H. und Debrunner IF 21, 91. —Daneben μαδαρός von Nässe triefend, wässerig (Hp., Arist.), kahlköpfig (Luk.) mit μαδαρότης ‘Kahlköpfigkeit, das Aus- fallen der Haare und der Augenwimpern’ (Hp., Gal.), μαδαρόω die Haare entfernen (LXX Ne. 13, 25, v. l., Kreta IIa), μαδάρωσις = -ότης (Gal., Vett. Val. u.a.; wohl direkt von μαδαρός, vgl. Chantraine Form. 279); μαδαριάω ‘vom Haar- ausfall leiden’ (Kleopatra ap. Gal. 12, 405). Neben μαδαρός steht μαδιγένειος mit kahlem Kinn (Arist.); vgl. χαλαρός: χαλίφρων. — Zu bemerken noch (als Rückbildung?) μάδος (-ον) als Pflanzenname, = ἄμπελος λευκή (Dsk. u. a.), weil die Wurzel als Enthaarungsmittel verwendet wurde; von H. mit ψίλωθρον wiedergegeben, das indessen auch dieselbe Pflanze bezeichnen kann. Daneben μαδωνάϊς = νυμφαία, Seerose (böot. nach Thphr. HP 9, 13; wegen des feuchten Standorts?); vgl. Bechtel Dial. 1, 307, der nach mehreren Vorgängern in μαδωνία ändert (vgl. Chantraine Form. 208). — Außerdem μάδισος· δίκελλα. οἱ δὲ μαδιβός H., wohl von μαδίζω, s. oben u. Chantraine 435; vgl. τάμισος (von ταμεῖν).
Etymology : Zur Bedeutungsentwicklung zerfließen > ausfallen vgl. ἐκρέω herausfließen, ausfallen und lat. dēfluō herabfließen, auch ausfallen, ausgehen von Haaren. — Zu μαδάω : μαδαρός vgl. χαλάω : χαλαρός und das synonyme Reimwortpaar πλαδάω : πλαδαρός; aber Aor. μαδῆσαι Neubildung gegenüber χαλάσαι (wie λαγαρός : λαγάσαι u. a.); die morphologische Beurteilung bleibt im übrigen ungewiß, vgl. Schwyzer 682 f. — Nur bildungsgemäß weichen davon ab : lat. madeō naß sein, triefen, trunken sein (nach den Intransitiven auf -ēre), air. maidim zerbrechen (intr.), in Stücke gehen (aus *’zerfließen’ o.ä.; kann mit madeō formal identisch sein), aind. mádati (themat. Wz.-präs.), ma-mát-ti (redupl.) u. a. ‘trunken sein, sich berauschen, in etwas schwelgen, fröhlich sein’; weitere Anknüpfungen, teilweise unsicherer Art, bei Bq, WP. 2, 230ff., Pok. 694f., W.-Hofmann s. madeō; ebd. auch reiche Lit. Versuch μαδαρός mit lat. madidus (< -iro-s?) gleichzusetzen, bei Bloch Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 24. — Vgl. μαστός und μήδεα.
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