tristis: Difference between revisions
ἢ τάπερ πάθομεν ἄχεα πρός γε τῶν τεκομένων → the pains which we have suffered, and, indeed, from our own parent | the pains which we have suffered, and those even from the one who brought us into the world | the pains we have suffered, and from a parent, too
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{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>tristis</b>: e, adj. etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, [[frightened]]; and Lat. [[terreo]],<br /><b>I</b> [[sad]], [[sorrowful]], [[mournful]], [[dejected]], [[melancholy]], [[disconsolate]], trist (syn.: [[maestus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]], [[luctuosus]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18: cum [[maestus]] errares, quaerere ex te, [[quid]] [[tristis]] esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: [[tristis]] et [[conturbatus]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: [[tristis]], [[demissus]], id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes [[affatus]] amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: [[numquam]] ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55: oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex [[tristi]] lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7: [[quid]] tu [[tristis]] es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59: [[quid]] es tam [[tristis]]? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20: malle se adulescentem tristem [[quam]] hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: [[tristis]] Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Of things associated [[with]] [[misfortune]] or [[suggestive]] of [[sadness]], [[melancholy]], saddening, [[unhappy]]: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel [[ornatus]] secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu [[tristi]], Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124: tristissima [[exta]], Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii [[solatium]], Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, [[most]] [[miserable]], Petr. 115: [[sors]], [[unhappy]], [[miserable]], Cic. Mur. 20, 42: [[eventus]], Liv. 8, 24, 18: [[Kalendae]], [[sad]], [[dismal]], Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: [[Hyades]], id. C. 1, 3, 14: [[Orion]], id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: [[clades]], id. C. 3, 3, 62: [[morbus]], Verg. G. 4, 252: [[fatum]], Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: [[officium]] (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: [[pars]] subiere feretro, Triste [[ministerium]], Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: [[Acheron]], Sil. 13, 571: tristique [[palus]] [[inamabilis]] undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, [[gloomy]], [[sombre]], Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[taste]]: [[quod]] [[triste]] et amarum est, [[harsh]], [[disagreeable]], [[bitter]], Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: [[epulae]], Sil. 3, 281: [[sapor]]. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of [[smell]], [[offensive]], [[foul]]: [[anhelitus]] oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—<br /> <b>4</b> As subst.: [[triste]], is, n., a [[sad]] [[thing]], etc. ([[poet]].): [[triste]] [[lupus]] stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a [[sad]] [[thing]], a [[pest]], [[bane]], Verg. E. 3, 80: [[interdum]] miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: [[nunc]] ego mitibus Mutare [[quaero]] tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies [[that]] were written in [[exile]] Tristia.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br /> <b>A</b> Of behavior, etc., [[towards]] others.<br /> <b>1</b> Glum, [[gloomy]], [[peevish]], [[morose]], [[ill]]-humored (syn.: [[tetricus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]]): [[stultitia]] est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea [[Juno]], non [[decet]] te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[tristis]] [[amica]] ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: [[puella]], id. 1, 10, 21: [[navita]] [[tristis]] ([[Charon]]), [[gloomy]], [[sullen]], Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: [[Erinys]], Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: [[ursa]], Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—<br /> <b>2</b> Stern, [[harsh]], [[severe]]: judex [[tristis]] et [[integer]], Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus [[severe]], cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., of things, [[gloomy]], [[sad]], [[melancholy]], [[stern]], [[harsh]], etc.: truculentis oculis, [[tristi]] fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: [[voltus]], id. Most. 3, 2, 124: fronte gravi et [[tristi]] supercilio, Plin. [[Pan]]. 41, 3: [[idem]] naturā tristiori [[paululo]], Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[vultus]] severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: [[tristis]] [[severitas]] inest in vultu, Ter. And. 5, 2, 16: [[vita]] tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: [[triste]] et severum [[genus]] dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: [[sermo]] [[tristis]] (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: [[senectus]], Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: [[tristis]] et [[plenus]] dignitatis [[sonus]], Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: [[sententia]], Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: [[responsum]], id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs [[consultum]], id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, [[sadly]], [[sorrowfully]]; [[harshly]], [[severely]]: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: [[triste]] et [[acutum]] resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: [[rigens]] [[frons]], Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, [[with]] [[more]] [[difficulty]], Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, [[more]] [[harshly]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 5. | |lshtext=<b>tristis</b>: e, adj. etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, [[frightened]]; and Lat. [[terreo]],<br /><b>I</b> [[sad]], [[sorrowful]], [[mournful]], [[dejected]], [[melancholy]], [[disconsolate]], trist (syn.: [[maestus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]], [[luctuosus]]).<br /><b>I</b> In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18: cum [[maestus]] errares, quaerere ex te, [[quid]] [[tristis]] esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: [[tristis]] et [[conturbatus]], id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: [[tristis]], [[demissus]], id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes [[affatus]] amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: [[numquam]] ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55: oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex [[tristi]] lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7: [[quid]] tu [[tristis]] es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59: [[quid]] es tam [[tristis]]? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20: malle se adulescentem tristem [[quam]] hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: [[tristis]] Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Of things associated [[with]] [[misfortune]] or [[suggestive]] of [[sadness]], [[melancholy]], saddening, [[unhappy]]: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel [[ornatus]] secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu [[tristi]], Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124: tristissima [[exta]], Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii [[solatium]], Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, [[most]] [[miserable]], Petr. 115: [[sors]], [[unhappy]], [[miserable]], Cic. Mur. 20, 42: [[eventus]], Liv. 8, 24, 18: [[Kalendae]], [[sad]], [[dismal]], Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: [[Hyades]], id. C. 1, 3, 14: [[Orion]], id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: [[clades]], id. C. 3, 3, 62: [[morbus]], Verg. G. 4, 252: [[fatum]], Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: [[officium]] (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: [[pars]] subiere feretro, Triste [[ministerium]], Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: [[Acheron]], Sil. 13, 571: tristique [[palus]] [[inamabilis]] undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, [[gloomy]], [[sombre]], Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—<br /> <b>2</b> Of [[taste]]: [[quod]] [[triste]] et amarum est, [[harsh]], [[disagreeable]], [[bitter]], Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: [[epulae]], Sil. 3, 281: [[sapor]]. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—<br /> <b>3</b> Of [[smell]], [[offensive]], [[foul]]: [[anhelitus]] oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—<br /> <b>4</b> As subst.: [[triste]], is, n., a [[sad]] [[thing]], etc. ([[poet]].): [[triste]] [[lupus]] stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a [[sad]] [[thing]], a [[pest]], [[bane]], Verg. E. 3, 80: [[interdum]] miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: [[nunc]] ego mitibus Mutare [[quaero]] tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies [[that]] were written in [[exile]] Tristia.—<br /><b>II</b> In partic.<br /> <b>A</b> Of behavior, etc., [[towards]] others.<br /> <b>1</b> Glum, [[gloomy]], [[peevish]], [[morose]], [[ill]]-humored (syn.: [[tetricus]], [[severus]], [[austerus]]): [[stultitia]] est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea [[Juno]], non [[decet]] te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[tristis]] [[amica]] ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: [[puella]], id. 1, 10, 21: [[navita]] [[tristis]] ([[Charon]]), [[gloomy]], [[sullen]], Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: [[Erinys]], Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: [[ursa]], Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—<br /> <b>2</b> Stern, [[harsh]], [[severe]]: judex [[tristis]] et [[integer]], Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus [[severe]], cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf., of things, [[gloomy]], [[sad]], [[melancholy]], [[stern]], [[harsh]], etc.: truculentis oculis, [[tristi]] fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: [[voltus]], id. Most. 3, 2, 124: fronte gravi et [[tristi]] supercilio, Plin. [[Pan]]. 41, 3: [[idem]] naturā tristiori [[paululo]], Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: [[vultus]] severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: [[tristis]] [[severitas]] inest in vultu, Ter. And. 5, 2, 16: [[vita]] tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: [[triste]] et severum [[genus]] dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: [[sermo]] [[tristis]] (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: [[senectus]], Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: [[tristis]] et [[plenus]] dignitatis [[sonus]], Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: [[sententia]], Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: [[responsum]], id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs [[consultum]], id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, [[sadly]], [[sorrowfully]]; [[harshly]], [[severely]]: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: [[triste]] et [[acutum]] resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: [[rigens]] [[frons]], Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, [[with]] [[more]] [[difficulty]], Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, [[more]] [[harshly]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 5. | ||
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{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>trīstis</b>,⁷ e,<br /><b>1</b> [[triste]], affligé, chagrin : [[Sequani]] tristes, demisso capite Cæs. G. 1, 32, les Séquanais, tristes et la tête baissée<br /><b>2</b> [en parl. des choses] : tristibus temporibus Cic. Fam. 15, 7, dans l’infortune, dans l’adversité ; tristissima [[exta]] Cic. Div. 2, 36, les entrailles du [[plus]] funeste augure ; [[sors]] [[tristis]] Cic. Mur. 42, juridiction [[triste]], peu agréable ; [[tristis]] [[eventus]] alicujus Liv. 8, 24, 18, fin tragique, [[sinistre]] de qqn ; [[tristis]] [[unda]] Virg. En. 6, 438, les eaux sombres (sinistres) du [[Styx]] ; pl. n. tristia Ov. F. 6, 463, les événements fâcheux || tristes arbores Plin. 16, 95, arbres à l’aspect [[triste]], sombres || [en parl. du goût] amer, désagréable : Lucr. 4, 634 ; Virg. G. 2, 126 ; etc. || [poét.] funeste : [[triste]] [[lupus]] stabulis Virg. B. 3, 80, le loup [[est]] une chose funeste, un fléau pour les bergeries<br /><b>3</b> sombre, sévère, austère, qui ne badine pas : [[judex]] [[tristis]] et [[integer]] Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 30, [[juge]] sombre et intègre, cf. Cic. Cæl. 13 ; tristes sorores Tib. 3, 3, 35, les sombres sœurs, les Parques ; [[vultus]] severior et tristior Cic. de Or. 2, 289, visage [[plus]] grave et [[plus]] sombre ; [[triste]] et [[severum]] dicendi [[genus]] Cic. Br. 113, éloquence sombre et austère ; [[triste]] [[responsum]] Liv. 9, 16, 3, réponse [[dure]], impitoyable<br /><b>4</b> renfrogné, [[morose]] : alicui Pl. Cas. 230, être de mauvaise humeur contre qqn, lui faire mauvaise figure, cf. Pl. Cas. 282 ; Prop. 1, 10, 21, etc. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 07:07, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
tristis: e, adj. etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. trastas, frightened; and Lat. terreo,
I sad, sorrowful, mournful, dejected, melancholy, disconsolate, trist (syn.: maestus, severus, austerus, luctuosus).
I In gen.: maesti tristesque, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 18: cum maestus errares, quaerere ex te, quid tristis esses, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 59: tristis et conturbatus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: tristis, demissus, id. Mur. 21, 45: sic tristes affatus amicos, Hor. C. 1, 7, 24: Sequanos tristes, capite demisso, terram intueri, Caes. B. G. 1, 32: numquam ego te tristiorem Vidi esse, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 55: oderunt hilarem tristes, tristemque jocosi, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 89: (faciet) hominem ex tristi lepidum et lenem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 7: quid tu tristis es? id. ib. 2, 2, 6; id. Men. 5, 2, 27; 5, 2, 59: quid es tam tristis? Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20: malle se adulescentem tristem quam hilarem, Sen. Ep. 36, 3: tristis Erat et me maestum videbat, Curt. 6, 11, 27; Sen. Tranq. 15, 4.—
B Transf.
1 Of things associated with misfortune or suggestive of sadness, melancholy, saddening, unhappy: ut tuum laetissimum diem cum tristissimo meo conferam, Cic. Pis. 14, 33; cf.: vel defensus tristibus temporibus vel ornatus secundis, id. Fam. 15, 7: esse vultu tristi, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 124: tristissima exta, Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36: tristissimi exsilii solatium, Liv. 5, 51, 1: tristissimam exegimus noctem, most miserable, Petr. 115: sors, unhappy, miserable, Cic. Mur. 20, 42: eventus, Liv. 8, 24, 18: Kalendae, sad, dismal, Hor. S. 1, 3, 87: Hyades, id. C. 1, 3, 14: Orion, id. Epod. 10, 10: bella, id. A. P. 73: clades, id. C. 3, 3, 62: morbus, Verg. G. 4, 252: fatum, Hor. S. 1, 9, 29: jus sepulcri, Ov. M. 13, 472: officium (exsequiarum), id. ib. 12, 4: funera, Verg. G. 4, 256; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 74: pars subiere feretro, Triste ministerium, Verg. A. 6, 223: Tartara, id. ib. 4, 243: Acheron, Sil. 13, 571: tristique palus inamabilis undā, Verg. A. 6, 438; Hor. C. 2, 14, 8: arbores, gloomy, sombre, Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95: adspectus (arboris), id. 13, 22, 40, § 120: tristes et squalidi trunci, Sen. Ep. 12, 1.—
2 Of taste: quod triste et amarum est, harsh, disagreeable, bitter, Lucr. 4, 634: suci, Verg. G. 2, 126: lupinum, id. ib. 1, 75: absinthia, Ov. P. 3, 1, 23; 3, 8, 15: epulae, Sil. 3, 281: sapor. Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 12: pocula, Tib. 1, 5, 50.—
3 Of smell, offensive, foul: anhelitus oris, Ov. A. A. 1, 521.—
4 As subst.: triste, is, n., a sad thing, etc. (poet.): triste lupus stabulis, maturis frugibus imbres, Arboribus venti, a sad thing, a pest, bane, Verg. E. 3, 80: interdum miscentur tristia laetis, Ov. F. 6, 463; cf.: nunc ego mitibus Mutare quaero tristia, Hor. C. 1, 16, 26. Thus Ovid called his elegies that were written in exile Tristia.—
II In partic.
A Of behavior, etc., towards others.
1 Glum, gloomy, peevish, morose, ill-humored (syn.: tetricus, severus, austerus): stultitia est, ei te esse tristem, Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 4: eia, mea Juno, non decet te esse tam tristem tuo Jovi, id. ib. 2, 3, 14: mihi erit tristior, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: tristis amica ingrato viro, Prop. 1, 6, 10: puella, id. 1, 10, 21: navita tristis (Charon), gloomy, sullen, Verg. A. 6, 315; so, dii, Hor. S. 1, 5, 103: Erinys, Verg. A. 2, 337: sorores, i. e. the Fates, Tib. 3, 3, 35; Sen. Tranq. 7, 6: ursa, Stat. Achill. 2, 409.—
2 Stern, harsh, severe: judex tristis et integer, Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 30; cf.: cum tristibus severe, cum remissis jucunde vivere, id. Cael. 6, 13.—
B Transf., of things, gloomy, sad, melancholy, stern, harsh, etc.: truculentis oculis, tristi fronte, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 21: voltus, id. Most. 3, 2, 124: fronte gravi et tristi supercilio, Plin. Pan. 41, 3: idem naturā tristiori paululo, Afran. ap. Non. 410, 2: vultus severior et tristior, Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 289; cf.: tristis severitas inest in vultu, Ter. And. 5, 2, 16: vita tristior, Cic. Off. 1, 30, 108: triste et severum genus dicendi, id. Brut. 30, 113; cf.: sermo tristis (opp. jocosus), Hor. S. 1, 10, 11: senectus, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 108, 29; cf.: tristis et plenus dignitatis sonus, Cic. Rep. 6, 2, 7: perfert in judiciis tristem et impexam antiquitatem, Tac. Or. 20.—Of languages, etc.: tua tristia dicta, Verg. A. 10, 612: sententia, Ov. M. 15, 43; Liv. 8, 21, 2: responsum, id. 9, 16, 3: senatūs consultum, id. 5, 6, 2.— Adv.: tristĕ, sadly, sorrowfully; harshly, severely: salutantes, Stat. Th. 4, 19: triste et acutum resonare, Hor. S. 1, 8, 41: rigens frons, Stat. S. 5, 1, 64.—Comp.: flere tristius, Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 2: adulescentes gravius aegrotant, tristius curantur, with more difficulty, Cic. Sen. 19, 67: respondere tristius, more harshly, id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
trīstis,⁷ e,
1 triste, affligé, chagrin : Sequani tristes, demisso capite Cæs. G. 1, 32, les Séquanais, tristes et la tête baissée
2 [en parl. des choses] : tristibus temporibus Cic. Fam. 15, 7, dans l’infortune, dans l’adversité ; tristissima exta Cic. Div. 2, 36, les entrailles du plus funeste augure ; sors tristis Cic. Mur. 42, juridiction triste, peu agréable ; tristis eventus alicujus Liv. 8, 24, 18, fin tragique, sinistre de qqn ; tristis unda Virg. En. 6, 438, les eaux sombres (sinistres) du Styx ; pl. n. tristia Ov. F. 6, 463, les événements fâcheux || tristes arbores Plin. 16, 95, arbres à l’aspect triste, sombres || [en parl. du goût] amer, désagréable : Lucr. 4, 634 ; Virg. G. 2, 126 ; etc. || [poét.] funeste : triste lupus stabulis Virg. B. 3, 80, le loup est une chose funeste, un fléau pour les bergeries
3 sombre, sévère, austère, qui ne badine pas : judex tristis et integer Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 30, juge sombre et intègre, cf. Cic. Cæl. 13 ; tristes sorores Tib. 3, 3, 35, les sombres sœurs, les Parques ; vultus severior et tristior Cic. de Or. 2, 289, visage plus grave et plus sombre ; triste et severum dicendi genus Cic. Br. 113, éloquence sombre et austère ; triste responsum Liv. 9, 16, 3, réponse dure, impitoyable
4 renfrogné, morose : alicui Pl. Cas. 230, être de mauvaise humeur contre qqn, lui faire mauvaise figure, cf. Pl. Cas. 282 ; Prop. 1, 10, 21, etc.
