finio

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

fīnĭo: īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a. finis,
I to limit, bound, enclose within boundaries (class.).
I Lit.
   A In gen.: populi Romani imperium Rhenum finire, Caes. B. G. 4, 16, 4: quo (jugo) Cappadocia finitur ab Armenia, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 5: Tmolus Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis, Ov. M. 11, 152; Vell. 2, 126, 3: rem res finire videtur (followed by terminare), Lucr. 1, 998: riparum clausas margine finit aquas, Ov. F. 2, 222: signum animo, Liv. 1, 18, 8: in ore sita lingua est, finita dentibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—
   B In partic.: finiens orbis or circulus, the horizon: illi orbes, qui aspectum nostrum definiunt, qui a Graecis ὁρίζοντες nominantur, a nobis finientes rectissime nominari possunt, Cic. Div. 2, 44, 92: circulus, Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 2.
II Trop.
   A To set bounds to, restrain, check: equidem illud ipsum non nimium probo, philosophum loqui de cupiditatibus finiendis: an potest cupiditas finiri? Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.: cupiditates satietate, id. ib. 2, 20, 64: deliberativas miror a quibusdam sola utilitate finitas, Quint. 3, 8, 1.—
   B For definio, to prescribe, determine, fix, appoint, assign: sepulcris novis finivit modum, Cic. Leg, 2, 26, 66: AD EAM REM RATIONE CVRSVS ANNVOS SACERDOTES FINIVNTO, id. ib. 2, 8, 20: spatia omnis temporis numero noctium, Caes. B. G. 6, 18, 2; cf.: Hercyniae silvae latitudo novem dierum iter patet; non enim aliter finiri potest, i. e. its extent cannot be described more accurately, id. ib. 6, 25, 1; so too is to be explained the disputed passage: hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo solis et lunae motus inessent ... in illa sphaera solida non potuisse finiri, this sort of (movable) celestial globe ... could not be defined, marked out, on that solid globe (of Thales), Cic. Rep. 1, 14: locum, in quo dimicaturi essent, Liv. 42, 47, 5: ut si finias equum, genus est animal, species mortale, etc., Quint. 7, 3, 3; cf.: rhetorice finitur varie, id. 2, 15, 1: sit nobis orator is, qui a M. Catone finitur, id. 12, 1, 1; 12, 3, 40.—Pass. impers.: de pecunia finitur, Ne major causa ludorum consumeretur quam, etc., Liv. 40, 44, 10.—
   C To put an end to, to finish, terminate: bellum, Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 8; Vell. 2, 17, 1: prandia nigris moris, Hor. S. 2, 4, 23: graves labores morte, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (transl. from Eurip. πόνων πεπαυμένον): dolores morte, id. Fin. 1, 15, 49: tristitiam vitaeque labores molli mero, Hor. C. 1, 7, 17: labores, id. ib. 3, 4, 39; id. S. 1, 1, 93: dolores, id. ib. 2, 3, 263: studia, id. Ep. 2, 2, 104: amores, id. C. 1, 19, 4: sitim, id. Ep. 2, 2, 146: honores aequo animo, Vell. 2, 33, 3: vitam mihi ense, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 49: vitam voluntariā morte, inediā, etc., Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66; 8, 42, 64, § 157; so very rarely of a natural death: Valerianus in illo dedecore vitam finivit, Lact. Mort. Pers. 5, 6; cf. Tac. A. 1, 9; Sen. Ep. 66, 43: praecipitare te et finire, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 3, 3: (Burrus) impedito meatu spiritum finiebat, Tac. A. 14, 51: animam, Ov. M. 7, 591: (distinctiones) interest sermonem finiant an sensum, Quint. 11, 3, 37; cf.: ut verbum acuto sono finiant, to pronounce with the accent on the last syllable, id. 1, 5, 25.—Pass., to come to an end, close, be ended, terminate: ut senten tiae verbis finiantur, end, close with verbs, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191; cf.: nec solum componentur verba ratione, sed etiam finientur, id. Or. 49, 164: Latinum (verbum), quod o et n litteris finiretur, non reperiebant, Quint. 1, 5, 60; cf. id. 1, 6, 14.—
   2    In partic. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose), to come to an end, to cease.
   a To finish speaking, draw to a close, end: finierat Paean, Ov. M. 1, 566; 13, 123; 14, 441; cf.: finiturus eram, sed, etc., id. A. A. 1, 755: ut semel finiam, Quint. 1, 12, 6; 8, 3, 55; cf.: denique, ut semel finiam, id. 9, 4, 138: 5, 13, 3; 11, 3, 59.—
   b To come to one's end, to die: sic fuit utilius finiri ipsi, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 48, 115: sic Tiberius finivit octavo et septuagesimo aetatis anno, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin.; for which, in pass.: qui morbo finiuntur, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 2: Seleucus quoque iisdem ferme diebus finitur, Just. 27, 3, 12; cf.: finita Juliorum domo, become extinct, Tac. H. 1, 16.—Hence, fīnītus, a, um, P. a. In rhetor., of words, that terminate properly, well-rounded, rhythmical: et ipsi infracta et amputata loquuntur et eos vituperant, qui apta et finita pronuntiant, Cic. Or. 51, 170.—Sup.: finitissimus, Prisc. 1076 P.—Adv.: fīnītē. *
   1    (Acc. to II. A.) To a certain extent, within limits: avarus erit, sed finite, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27.— *
   2    (Acc. to II. B.) Definitely, specifically: referri oportere ad senatum aut infinite de re publica, aut de singulis rebus finite, Gell. 14, 7, 9.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

fīnĭō,⁸ īvī, ītum, īre (finis).
    I tr.,
1 limiter, délimiter, borner [pr. et fig.] : populi Romani imperium Rhenum finire Cæs. G. 4, 16, 4, [ils répondirent] que l’empire du peuple romain avait le Rhin pour limite ; cupiditates Cic. Fin. 2, 27, mettre des bornes aux passions ; finitas cupiditates habere Cic. Fin. 1, 62, avoir des désirs limités ; verba ratione finientur Cic. Or. 164, on limitera les phrases méthodiquement
2 préciser, déterminer : modum alicui rei Cic. Leg. 2, 66, spécifier des proportions limitées à qqch. ; spatia temporis numero noctium Cæs. G. 6, 18, 2, déterminer les moments de la durée par le nombre des nuits, cf. G. 6, 25, 1 || définir : Quint. 7, 3, 3 ; 12, 1, 1 ; 12, 3, 40 || [avec ne subj.] : finire senatusconsulto, ne... Liv. 31, 48, 8, spécifier par un sénatusconsulte l’interdiction de... ; de pecunia finitur ne... Liv. 40, 44, 10, à propos de la dépense on spécifie l’interdiction de...
3 achever, finir : bellum Cæs. C. 3, 51, 3, terminer la guerre, cf. Curt. 3, 1, 9 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 17 ; meminerit dolores maximos morte finiri Cic. Fin. 1, 49, qu’il se souvienne que la mort met un terme aux plus grandes douleurs ; sitim finire Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 146, apaiser la soif ; vitam voluntaria morte Plin. 6, 66, mettre fin à sa vie par une mort volontaire || abs^t] mettre un terme, finir [de parler, d’écrire] : ut semel finiam Quint. 1, 12, 6, etc., pour conclure enfin
4 [pass.] finiri, se terminer : ut sententiæ verbis finiantur Cic. de Or. 3, 191, de sorte que la pensée se termine avec les mots (que la phrase embrasse tout le développement de la pensée), cf. Cic. Or. 170 ; [gramm.] se terminer (avoir comme terminaison), cf. Quint. 1, 5, 60 ; 1, 6, 14 || finiri, mourir : [poet.] Cic. Tusc. 1, 115 ; morbo Plin. Min. Ep. 1, 12, 2, mourir de maladie.
    II intr. rare, avoir un terme, finir : cum pugna diei finisset occasu Amm. 24, 4, 20, le combat ayant pris fin avec le jour || sic Tiberius finivit... Tac. Ann. 6, 50, c’est ainsi que finit (mourut) Tibère.