βάραθρον: Difference between revisions

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Οὔτ' ἐν φθιμένοις οὔτ' ἐν ζωοῖσιν ἀριθμουμένη, χωρὶς δή τινα τῶνδ' ἔχουσα μοῖραν → Neither among the dead nor the living do I count myself, having a lot apart from these

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{{trml
{{trml
|trtx====[[pit]]===
|trtx====[[pit]]===
Albanian: gropë; Arabic: حُفْرَة‎; Armenian: հոր, փոս; Aromanian: groapã; Azerbaijani: çuxur; Bashkir: соҡор; Belarusian: яма; Bulgarian: яма; Catalan: sot; Chinese Mandarin: 坑, 穴; Czech: jáma; Danish: kule; Dutch: [[kuil]], [[put]]; Eastern Bontoc: lokkong; Esperanto: kavo; Faroese: hola; Finnish: kuoppa, monttu; French: [[fosse]]; Galician: foxo; Georgian: ორმო; German: [[Grube]], [[Loch]], [[Vertiefung]]; Greek: [[λάκκος]]; Ancient Greek: [[βόθρος]], [[βάραθρον]], [[σκάμμα]]; Hawaiian: lua; Hebrew: בור‎; Hindi: गडडा; Hungarian: gödör, verem; Icelandic: hola, gryfja; Ilocano: abut; Indonesian: lubang; Italian: [[fossa]], [[buca]]; Japanese: 落とし穴, 穴; Khmer: ក្រហូង; Kikuyu: irima; Korean: 구멍, 구덩이; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: çal; Latin: [[fovea]], [[puteus]]; Lubuagan Kalinga: abut, mamboka; Macedonian: јама; Malayalam: കുഴി; Maori: rua; Marathi: खड्डा; Navajo: łeʼoogeed, nooʼ; Occitan: fòssa, trauc, clot; Ojibwe: waanikaan; Oriya: ଗାଡ; Ossetian: уӕрм; Persian: گودال‎, چاله‎, چال‎; Polish: dół inan, jama; Portuguese: [[buraco]], [[poço]], [[cavouco]], [[vala]], [[fosso]]; Romanian: groapă; Russian: [[яма]]; Scottish Gaelic: sloc; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: јама; Roman: jama; Slovak: jama; Slovene: jama, brezno; Southern Kalinga: lungug; Spanish: [[fosa]]; Swedish: grop; Tagalog: hukay, lubak; Telugu: గొయ్యి; Thai: หลุม, บ่อ; Tibetan: ས་དོང; Tocharian B: kāre; Turkish: çukur; Ukrainian: яма; Vietnamese: hố; Welsh: pant; Zazaki: çal
Albanian: gropë; Arabic: حُفْرَة‎; Armenian: հոր, փոս; Aromanian: groapã; Azerbaijani: çuxur; Bashkir: соҡор; Belarusian: яма; Bulgarian: яма; Catalan: sot; Chinese Mandarin: 坑, 穴; Czech: jáma; Danish: kule; Dutch: [[kuil]], [[put]]; Eastern Bontoc: lokkong; Esperanto: kavo; Faroese: hola; Finnish: kuoppa, monttu; French: [[fosse]]; Galician: foxo; Georgian: ორმო; German: [[Grube]], [[Loch]], [[Vertiefung]]; Greek: [[λάκκος]]; Ancient Greek:[[βόθρος]], [[βάραθρον]], [[βέθρον]], [[βέρεθρον]], [[ζέρεθρον]], [[σκάμμα]]; Hawaiian: lua; Hebrew: בור‎; Hindi: गडडा; Hungarian: gödör, verem; Icelandic: hola, gryfja; Ilocano: abut; Indonesian: lubang; Italian: [[fossa]], [[buca]]; Japanese: 落とし穴, 穴; Khmer: ក្រហូង; Kikuyu: irima; Korean: 구멍, 구덩이; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: çal; Latin: [[fovea]], [[puteus]]; Lubuagan Kalinga: abut, mamboka; Macedonian: јама; Malayalam: കുഴി; Maori: rua; Marathi: खड्डा; Navajo: łeʼoogeed, nooʼ; Occitan: fòssa, trauc, clot; Ojibwe: waanikaan; Oriya: ଗାଡ; Ossetian: уӕрм; Persian: گودال‎, چاله‎, چال‎; Polish: dół inan, jama; Portuguese: [[buraco]], [[poço]], [[cavouco]], [[vala]], [[fosso]]; Romanian: groapă; Russian: [[яма]]; Scottish Gaelic: sloc; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: јама; Roman: jama; Slovak: jama; Slovene: jama, brezno; Southern Kalinga: lungug; Spanish: [[fosa]]; Swedish: grop; Tagalog: hukay, lubak; Telugu: గొయ్యి; Thai: หลุม, บ่อ; Tibetan: ས་དོང; Tocharian B: kāre; Turkish: çukur; Ukrainian: яма; Vietnamese: hố; Welsh: pant; Zazaki: çal
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Revision as of 08:52, 28 January 2023

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: βᾰ́ρᾰθρον Medium diacritics: βάραθρον Low diacritics: βάραθρον Capitals: ΒΑΡΑΘΡΟΝ
Transliteration A: bárathron Transliteration B: barathron Transliteration C: varathron Beta Code: ba/raqron

English (LSJ)

[βᾰ], Ep. and Ion. βέρεθρον (q.v., cf. ζέρεθρον), shortened βέθρον (q.v.), τό,
A gulf, pit, Arist.Pr.947a19; esp. at Athens, a cleft into which criminals were thrown, Hdt.7.133, Ar.Nu.1450, Com.Adesp. 24.10 D., Pl.Grg.516c, AB219, Sch.Ar.Pl.431.
2 metaph., ἐν τῷ βαράθρῳ χειμάζειν = winters in that purgatory D.8.45; ruin, perdition, Luc.Am.5, etc.; name of a courtesan, Theophil.Com.ΙΙ.
II a woman's ornament, Ar.Fr. 320.8.
III = βράθυ, f.l. for βόρατον, Dsc.1.76. (root gsequ̯er 'devour', cf. βορά.)

Spanish (DGE)

-ου, τό
• Alolema(s): jón. y ép. βέρεθρον Il.8.14, Od.12.94, Pherecyd.51(b), Hdt.7.133, Thphr.HP 3.1.2, Lyc.1280, Posidon.225, Q.S.2.612, 6.124, 9.318, 13.550, Nonn.D.45.282, Par.Eu.Io.8.24, 12.10, Colluth.50; forma sincopada βέθρον Cratin.424, Euph.163; lat. barathrum Cat.68.108, Hor.Sat.2.3.166, Plaut.Cur.121, Mart.3.81.1
• Prosodia: [βᾰ-]
I 1 abismo, sima ὑπὸ χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον Il.l.c., ἐξίσχει κεφαλὰς δεινοῖο βερέθρου Od.l.c., διὸ καὶ βάραθρα ... ἐστιν Arist.Pr.947a19, πάντ' ἀπόκρημνα, φάραγγας, βάραθρα D.25.76, ἄδυτον καὶ β. Hld.5.2.8, ὑφορώμενος βάραθρα Plb.3.78.8, θήσω αὐτὴν πηλοῦ βάραθρον εἰς ἀπώλειαν LXX Is.14.23, γρόνῳ βερέθρῳ Lyc.l.c., δεξαμένου τοῦ βαράθρου τὸν ἵππον Plu.Rom.18, κατὰ τοῦ βαράθρου Archestr.SHell.192.20, βάραθρα καὶ κρημνοὺς ἐχούσας Plu.2.171e, φησι ... τὸν Τίμαυον ... καταπίπτειν εἰς βέρεθρον Posidon.225, βαράθρων καλουμένων καὶ Χαρωνίων Antig.Mir.123, βαρύοδμος β. Gal.4.496, αἰνὰ βέρεθρα Q.S.2.612, cf. ll.cc., σκοτίου πυλεῶνες ἀνεπτύσσοντο βερέθρου Nonn.D.l.c., cf. Par.Eu.Io.ll.cc., χθονίων ... βερέθρων Colluth.l.c.
esp. del precipicio en el Ática donde eran arrojados los condenados a muerte, Pherecyd.l.c., Hdt.l.c., X.HG 1.17.20, Ar.Nu.1449, Eq.1362, Ra.574, Pl.431, Pl.Grg.516d, Alciphr.3.16.3, Hld.1.13.4, Lyd.Mag.2.10
fig. ἐν τῷ βαράθρῳ χειμάζειν D.8.45.
2 especie de cueva subterránea por donde desaparecía el río Estínfalo en Arcadia ὡς ἐξερράγη τὸ συναθροισθὲν ὕδωρ ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ φραχθέντων τῶν βερέθρων Thphr.HP 3.1.2, 5.4.6, ὑφ' ἑκατέρῳ δέ ἐστι τῷ ὄρει βάραθρον τὸ ὕδωρ καταδεχόμενον Paus.8.14.1.
3 fig. ruina, perdición ἥδετο τὴν θήλειαν Ἀφροδίτην βάραθρον ἡγούμενος Luc.Am.5, εἰς οἷον βάραθρον ... ἑμαυτὸν ἐνσέσεικα Luc.Merc.Cond.30, εἰς βάραθρον ὠθεῖν Plu.Cor.13, ἁδοναὶ καὶ ... ὁρμαὶ μέχρι βαράθρων καὶ κρημνῶν ἐκδιώκουσαι Pythag.Ep.2.5, de pers., Luc.Pseudol.17, de aquí mote cómico de una cortesana, Theophil.11.3.
II cierto ornamento femenino, Ar.Fr.332.8.
• Etimología: De la raíz *gerH3- ‘tragar’, en grado ø (tb. βέρεθρον) y rel. ai. gariṣyáti (fut.). Cf. tb. de esta misma raíz βιβρώσκω, ἔβρων, etc.

German (Pape)

[Seite 432] ion. βέρεθρον (vgl. βάθρον, βόθρος), τό, 1) Kluft, Abgrund, bes. in Athen ein Felsenschlund hinter der Burg, in den zum Tode verurtheilte Verbrecher gestürzt wurden, εἰς τὸ β. ἐμβαλεῖν Plat. Gorg. 516 d; Ar. Equ. 1359 u. öfter; vgl. Schol. ad Ar. Plut. 431; Dem. 8, 45; auch Sp. Übertr., Untergang, Verderben, bes. Sp. – 2) ein Weiberschmuck, Ar. bei Clem. Al. u. Poll. 7, 95, vielleicht mit Anspielung auf 1).

French (Bailly abrégé)

ου (τό) :
abîme, gouffre ; particul., à Athènes barathre, gouffre où l'on précipitait les condamnés (cf. à Sparte καιάδας).
Étymologie: R. Βορ, dévorer ; cf. lat. vorago.

Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)

βάραθρον -ου, ep. βέρεθρον, τό
1. kloof, afgrond:. ῥίψω ἐς Τάρταρον... ἧχι βάθιστον ὑπὸ χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον ik zal hem in de Tartarus werpen, waar een zeer diepe kloof onder de grond is Il. 8.14.
2. spec. de kloof in Athene waarin misdadigers werden geworpen:. εἰς τὸ βάραθρον ἐμβάλοιμί σε ik zou je in de kloof willen gooien Aristoph. Ran. 575.
3. overdr. ondergang:. ἄπαγ’ εἰς τὸ βάραθρον loop naar de hel Men. Dysc. 394; τὰ τῆς ἡδονῆς... βάραθρα de krochten van het genot [Luc.] 49.20.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

βάραθρον: (βᾰ), эп.-ион. βέρεθρον τό
1 яма, пропасть Arst.;
2 баратр (пропасть, в которую сбрасывали осужденных на смерть в Афинах, подобно καιάδας в Спарте) Her., Plat., Arph.;
3 трясина Plut.;
4 гиблое место (ἐν τῷ βαράθρῳ χειμάζειν Dem.);
5 баратр (род женского украшения) Arph.

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: n.
Meaning: cleft, abyss
Other forms: βέρεθρον (Hom.; Aeol. ?, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 114), from which through *βέρθρον βέθρον (Euph.), Arc. ζέρεθρον (for δ-; cf. ζέλλω = δέλλω s. βάλλω)
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
Etymology: One would like to explain the variants from *βερα-. In that case the connection with βιβρώσκω (s. d.) devour cannot be maintained: *gʷerh₃-/ gʷr̥h₃- would give *δερο-/ βρω-, *βαρ(ο)-. The word therefore will be Pre-Gr., like φάραγξ; s. Beekes, Devel. 193. - Illyrian cognates in Krahe IF 58, 220.

Middle Liddell

[deriv. uncertain]
1. a gulf, pit:— at Athens a cleft behind the Acropolis, into which criminals were thrown, Hdt., Ar.
2. metaph. ruin, perdition, Dem.

Greek Monotonic

βάραθρον: Ιων. βέρεθρον, τό,
1. χάσμα, λάκκος, όρυγμα· λέγεται για την Αθήνα, απόκρημνος, βαθύς λάκκος, πίσω απ' την Ακρόπολη, μέσα στον οποίο γκρεμίζονταν οι εγκληματίες, σε Ηρόδ., Αριστοφ.
2. μεταφ., αφανισμός, καταστροφή, όλεθρος, απώλεια, σε Δημ. (αμφίβ. προέλ.).

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

βάραθρον: Ἰων. Βέρεθρον (πρβλ. ζέρεθρον), συντετμημένον:

Frisk Etymology German

βάραθρον: {bárathron}
Forms: ep. ion. βέρεθρον (äol. Form?, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 114), woraus über *βέρθρον (nach Kretschmers Regel) durch Dissimilation βέθρον (Krates), ark. ζέρεθρον (für δ-; vgl. ζέλλω = δέλλω s. βάλλω)
Grammar: n.
Meaning: Schlund, Abgrund, bes. der Felsenschlund βάραθρον in Athen.
Derivative: Davon βαραθρώδης voll von Abgründen (Str., Ph., Plu.). — Verbalnomen zu βιβρώσκω (s. d.) verschlingen, verzehren.
Etymology: Vermutungen zum Vokalwechsel βερε-: βαρα- bei Specht KZ 59, 117 (urspr. βέρεθρον, pl. *βαραθρά?), Borgström NTS 16, 142f. — Über sehr fragliche illyrische Verwandte s. die kritischen Bemerkungen von Krahe IF 58, 220. S. außer βιβρώσκω auch βορά.
Page 1,219

Mantoulidis Etymological

(=βαθύ χάσμα τῆς γῆς). Ἰων. βέρεθρον καί συντετμ. βέθρον. Συγγενικό μέ τό βάθρον βόθρος. Ἡ ρίζα του μᾶλλον ἡ ἴδια μέ τοῦ βιβρώσκω → βορ-.

Translations

pit

Albanian: gropë; Arabic: حُفْرَة‎; Armenian: հոր, փոս; Aromanian: groapã; Azerbaijani: çuxur; Bashkir: соҡор; Belarusian: яма; Bulgarian: яма; Catalan: sot; Chinese Mandarin: 坑, 穴; Czech: jáma; Danish: kule; Dutch: kuil, put; Eastern Bontoc: lokkong; Esperanto: kavo; Faroese: hola; Finnish: kuoppa, monttu; French: fosse; Galician: foxo; Georgian: ორმო; German: Grube, Loch, Vertiefung; Greek: λάκκος; Ancient Greek:βόθρος, βάραθρον, βέθρον, βέρεθρον, ζέρεθρον, σκάμμα; Hawaiian: lua; Hebrew: בור‎; Hindi: गडडा; Hungarian: gödör, verem; Icelandic: hola, gryfja; Ilocano: abut; Indonesian: lubang; Italian: fossa, buca; Japanese: 落とし穴, 穴; Khmer: ក្រហូង; Kikuyu: irima; Korean: 구멍, 구덩이; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: çal; Latin: fovea, puteus; Lubuagan Kalinga: abut, mamboka; Macedonian: јама; Malayalam: കുഴി; Maori: rua; Marathi: खड्डा; Navajo: łeʼoogeed, nooʼ; Occitan: fòssa, trauc, clot; Ojibwe: waanikaan; Oriya: ଗାଡ; Ossetian: уӕрм; Persian: گودال‎, چاله‎, چال‎; Polish: dół inan, jama; Portuguese: buraco, poço, cavouco, vala, fosso; Romanian: groapă; Russian: яма; Scottish Gaelic: sloc; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: јама; Roman: jama; Slovak: jama; Slovene: jama, brezno; Southern Kalinga: lungug; Spanish: fosa; Swedish: grop; Tagalog: hukay, lubak; Telugu: గొయ్యి; Thai: หลุม, บ่อ; Tibetan: ས་དོང; Tocharian B: kāre; Turkish: çukur; Ukrainian: яма; Vietnamese: hố; Welsh: pant; Zazaki: çal