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ἱλάσκομαι: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

Νέµουσι δ' οἴκους καὶ τὰ ναυστολούµενα ἔσω δόµων σῴζουσιν, οὐδ' ἐρηµίᾳ γυναικὸς οἶκος εὐπινὴς οὐδ' ὄλβιος → They manage households, and save what is brought by sea within the home, and no house deprived of a woman can be tidy and prosperous

Euripides, Melanippe Captiva, Fragment 6.11
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{{elru
|elrutext='''ἱλάσκομαι:''' (ῑ, редко ῐ) (fut. ἱλάσομαι - эп. [[ἱλάσσομαι]], aor. ἱλᾰσάμην)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> умилостивлять (μολπῇ θεόν Hom.; τὸν Μίνω Plut.): ὄφρ᾽ [[ἡμῖν]] Ἑκάεργον [[ἱλάσσεαι]] (conjct.) Hom. дабы ты умилостивил для нас (т. е. склонил в нашу пользу) Стрельца (Аполлона); ἱλάσθητί μοι NT будь милостив ко мне;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> примирять с собою, задабривать, склонять на свою сторону (τινα χρήμασι Her.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> смягчать, успокаивать (τὴν ὀργήν τινος Plut.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> миловать, отпускать, прощать (τὰς ἁμαρτίας τινός NT).
|elrutext='''ἱλάσκομαι:''' (ῑ, редко ῐ) (fut. ἱλάσομαι - эп. [[ἱλάσσομαι]], aor. ἱλᾰσάμην)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> умилостивлять (μολπῇ θεόν Hom.; τὸν Μίνω Plut.): ὄφρ᾽ [[ἡμῖν]] Ἑκάεργον [[ἱλάσσεαι]] (conjct.) Hom. дабы ты умилостивил для нас (т. е. склонил в нашу пользу) Стрельца (Аполлона); ἱλάσθητί μοι NT будь милостив ко мне;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> примирять с собою, задабривать, склонять на свою сторону (τινα χρήμασι Her.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> смягчать, успокаивать (τὴν ὀργήν τινος Plut.);<br /><b class="num">4)</b> миловать, отпускать, прощать (τὰς ἁμαρτίας τινός NT).
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">appease, be merciful</b>, perf. intr. and aor. pass. <b class="b2">be gracious</b> (Il.)<br />Other forms: rarely <b class="b3">ἵλαμαι</b> (h. Hom. 19, 48; 21, 5; inf. <b class="b3">ἵλασθαι</b> Orph. A. 944; on the quantity of the anlauts s. below), <b class="b3">ἱλάονται</b> (Β 550, <b class="b3">ἱλάεσθαι</b> A. R. 2, 847); aor. <b class="b3">ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ἱλάξασθαι</b> (Delph., A. R.), pass. <b class="b3">ἱλασθῆναι</b> (LXX); fut. <b class="b3">ἱλάσ(σ)ομαι</b> (Pl., Orac. ap. Paus. 8, 42, 6), <b class="b3">ἱλάξομαι</b> (A. R.); perf. ipv. Aeol. <b class="b3">ἔλλαθι</b> (gramm., B. 10, 8), pl. <b class="b3">ἔλλατε</b> (Call. Fr. 121); besides <b class="b3">ἵλαθι</b>, <b class="b3">ἵλατε</b> (Theoc., A. R.), <b class="b3">ἵληθι</b> (γ 380, π 184), cf. below; subj. <b class="b3">ἱλήκῃσι</b> (φ 365), opt. <b class="b3">ἱλήκοι</b> etc. (h. Ap. 165, AP, Alciphr.),<br />Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>,<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐξίλασις</b>, (<b class="b3">ἐξ-)ἱλασμός</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">ἱλασία</b> (inscr. Rom. empire), (<b class="b3">ἐξ-)ἵλασμα</b> <b class="b2">appeasement, expiatory sacrifice</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">ἱλάσιμος</b> [[appeasing]] (M.Ant.; after <b class="b3">ἰάσιμος</b> a. o., Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 93), <b class="b3">ἱλαστήριος</b> [[appeasing]], <b class="b3">-ιον</b> <b class="b2">propitiatory gift</b> (LXX, pap.), also (analog.) <b class="b3">ἱλατήριον</b> (Chron. Lind.), <b class="b3">ἱλαστής</b> [[appeaser]] (Aq., Thd.) with <b class="b3">ἐξιλαστικός</b> (Corn.). - Older formations: 1. <b class="b3">ἵλαος</b> (ep. Arc.; on the quantity of the <b class="b3">α</b> below), <b class="b3">ἵλεως</b> (Att., also Ion.), <b class="b3">ἵλεος</b> (Cret. since IIIa, also Hdt.), <b class="b3">hιλέϜοι</b> dat. (Lac., IG 5 : 1, 1562, VI-Va), <b class="b3">ἴλλαος</b> (Aeol., gramm.) [[merciful]], [[benevolent]]; Arc. [[appeased]]; denomin. verb <b class="b3">ἱλαόομαι</b> (<b class="b3">ΜΑΜΑ</b> 1, 230), <b class="b3">ἱλεῶμαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλεόομαι</b> (A. Supp. 117 [lyr.], Pl.; cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 324f.) [[appease]] with <b class="b3">ἱλέωσις</b> (Plu.), <b class="b3">ἱλεωτήριον</b> (Phot., Suid.). 2. <b class="b3">ἱλαρός</b> [[clear]], [[glad]], also = <b class="b3">ἵλεως</b> (Ar., X.) with <b class="b3">ἱλαρότης</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλαρία</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλαρόω</b>, <b class="b3">-ρύνω</b>, <b class="b3">-ρεύομαι</b> (hell.); Lat. loan [[hilarus]], <b class="b2">-is</b>. 3. <b class="b3">ἰλλάεις</b>, <b class="b3">-εντος</b> (Alc.), <b class="b3">ἱλᾶς</b>, <b class="b3">-ᾶντος</b> (Hdn. Gr., H.) = <b class="b3">ἴλλαος</b>, <b class="b3">ἵλαος</b> and lengthened (cf. Schwyzer 527). 4. <b class="b3">ἱλάειρα</b> f. of <b class="b3">φλόξ</b> and <b class="b3">σελήνη</b> (Emp.; quantity changing, cf. below), also <b class="b3">ἑλάειρα</b> (sch., Steph. Byz.) and <b class="b3">ΕΛΕΡΑ</b> (Kretschmer Vas. 208; s. also Schulze Kl. Schr. 716), innovation after <b class="b3">πίειρα</b>, <b class="b3">κτεάτειρα</b>, <b class="b3">Δάειρα</b> etc., Chantr. Form. 104, Schwyzer 543.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [900] <b class="b2">*selh₂-</b> <b class="b2">make favourable</b><br />Etymology: Decisive for the interpretation of these forms is the Aeol. imperative <b class="b3">ἔλλαθι</b>, <b class="b3">ἔλλατε</b>, for <b class="b3">*σε-σλα-θι</b>, <b class="b3">-τε</b> and so like <b class="b3">τέ-τλα-θι</b>, <b class="b3">ἕ-στα-θι</b>, <b class="b3">δείδιθι</b> = <b class="b3">δέ-δϜι-θι</b> to be seen as a perfect form. Die metrisch feststellbare Länge des <b class="b3">α</b> in <b class="b3">ἔλλαθι</b> bei B. 10, 8 muß wie in <b class="b3">ἵλαος</b> (s. unten) sekundär sein. The agreeing IA <b class="b3">*εἵλαθι</b>, of which the reduplication was no longer recognizable, was after <b class="b3">φάνηθι</b> etc. replaced by <b class="b3">εἵληθι ἵλεως γίνου</b> H. Another center of the formations was the reduplicated present <b class="b3">ἱλάσκομαι</b> < <b class="b3">*σι-σλά-σκομαι</b>, of which the anlauting vowel-length was introduced in other forms: perf. subj. and opt. <b class="b3">ἱλήκῃσι</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλήκοι</b> for <b class="b3">*εἱλ-</b> (ind. <b class="b3">*εἵληκα</b> like <b class="b3">εἴρηκα</b>, <b class="b3">τέ-τλη-κα</b>), perh. also in <b class="b3">ἵλαθι</b>, <b class="b3">-τε</b> and Hom. <b class="b3">ἵληθι</b> (cf. <b class="b3">εἵληθι</b> H.), (or from <b class="b3">*σι-σλη-θι</b>). Also in the aorist- and future-forms <b class="b3">ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλάξασθαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλάσσομαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἱλάξομαι</b> the length was introduced; beside it there is short in <b class="b3">ἱλάσσεαι</b> (Α 147), <b class="b3">ἱλασσάμενοι</b> (Α 100), <b class="b3">ἵλαμαι</b> (h. Hom.; but <b class="b3">ἵλασθαι</b> Orph.), <b class="b3">ἱλάομαι</b>, also in <b class="b3">ἱλαρός</b> and <b class="b3">ἱλάειρα</b> (Emp. 85). The short <b class="b3">ι-</b> which is ununderstandable, may replace the <b class="b3">ε-</b> (<b class="b3">ἑλάειρα</b> [s. above], <b class="b3">*ἕλαμαι</b>, <b class="b3">*ἑλαρός</b>) after <b class="b3">ἱλάσκομαι</b>. - Also <b class="b3">ἵληϜος</b>, <b class="b3">ἵλεως</b>, <b class="b3">ἵλαος</b> from reduplicated <b class="b3">*σι-σλη-</b>, <b class="b3">σι-σλα-</b>. The old ablaut <b class="b2">selǝ-</b> : <b class="b2">sleh₁-</b> : <b class="b2">slǝ-</b> (cf. <b class="b2">telǝ-</b> : <b class="b2">tlā-</b> : <b class="b2">tlǝ-</b> in <b class="b3">τελα-μών</b> : <b class="b3">ἔ-τλα-ν</b> : <b class="b3">τέ-τλα-θι</b>) of which <b class="b2">sla-</b> is analog. - More on the Greek forms (after Froehde a. a. O., Solmsen KZ 29, 350f., Schulze Q. 466f., Bechtel Lex. 175ff., Wackernagel Unt. 81) in Schwyzer 281, 681, 689 w. n. 2, 710, 800 etc., Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 13; 22; 299; 427 etc. - Fundamental is Klingenschmitt, MSS 28 (1970) 75-88, who showed that Arm. <b class="b2">aɫač`em</b> [[pray]] < <b class="b2">*slh₂-ske\/o-</b> is the closest relative. The Greek form goes back on <b class="b2">*si-slh₂-ske\/o-</b>; the aorist would have been <b class="b2">*selh₂-s-</b> of which the initial has been influenced by the present.
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Revision as of 01:25, 3 January 2019

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Full diacritics: ἱλᾰσκομαι Medium diacritics: ἱλάσκομαι Low diacritics: ιλάσκομαι Capitals: ΙΛΑΣΚΟΜΑΙ
Transliteration A: hiláskomai Transliteration B: hilaskomai Transliteration C: ilaskomai Beta Code: i(la/skomai

English (LSJ)

fut. ἱλάσομαι [ᾰ] Pl. Phd.95a, Ep. ἱλάσσομαι Orac. ap. Paus.8.42.6, also

   A ἱλάξομαι A.R. 2.808: aor. 1 ἱλᾰσάμην, Ep. part. ἱλασσάμενοι Il.1.100, Ep. subj. 2sg. ἱλάσσεαι 1.147, -ηαι A.R.3.1037; inf. ἱλάσσασθαι Ant.Lib.25.2 codd.; also ἱλάξασθαι A.R.1.1093:—Pass. (v. infr. 11). [ῑ regularly (written ι, not ει, SIG1044.6,9 (Halic., iv/iii B.C.)); ῐ Il.1.100, 147]: (ἵλαος):—appease, in Hom. always of gods, θεὸν ἱ. ib.386, cf. 100, al., Od.3.419; μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο Il.1.472; σπονδῇσι θύεσσί τε ἱλάσκεσθαι (sc. θεούς) Hes.Op.338; ὄφρ' ἡμῖν ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι Il.1.147; c. part., ἱλάσκομαι πέμπων by presenting, Pi.O.7.9; τοῦτον (sc. θεὸν) ἱλάσκου ποῶν μηδὲν ἄτοπον Men.Epit.558; of the dead as heroized, θυσίῃσί τινα ἱ. Hdt.5.47.    2 of men, conciliate, ἱ. τινὰ χρήμασι Id.8.112; πῶς ἱλασόμεθα καὶ τίνι λόγῳ; Pl.Phd.l.c.; ἱ. τὴν ὀργήν τινος Plu.Cat.Mi.61.    3 expiate, τὰς ἁμαρτίας Ep.Hebr.2.17.    II Pass. with fut. ἱλάσομαι, also ἱλασθής ομαι v.l. in LXX 4 Ki.5.18: aor. 1 ἱλάσθην ib.Ex.32.14,al.:—to be merciful, gracious, τινι ll.cc.; ἱλάσθητί μοι τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ Ev.Luc.18.13; ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις τινῶν LXXPs.77(78).38: c. inf., ἱλάσθη κύριος περιποιῆσαι τὸν λαόν ib.Ex.32.14.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἱλάσκομαι: ἴδε ἐν τέλει: μέλλ. ἱλάσομαι ᾰ Πλάτ. Φαίδ. 95Α, Ἐπικ. ἱλάσσομαι, Χρησμ. παρὰ Παυσ. 8. 42, 4. Δωρ. ἱλάξομαι Ἀπολλ. Ρόδ. Β. 808 (ἐνεργ. ἐξιλάσω Χρησμ. Σιβυλλ. 7, 30): ἀόρ. ἱλᾰσάμην, Ἐπικ. ὑποτακτ. β΄ ἑνικ. ἱλάσσεαι Ἰλ., -ηαι Ἀπολλ. Ρόδ.· ὡσαύτως ἱλαξάμην ὁ αὐτ. Α. 1093. ῑ κανονικῶς· ἀλλ’ ὅμως ῐ ἐν Ἰλ. Α. 100, 147, πρβλ. ἐξιλάσκομαι. Ἀποθ.: (ἵλαος). Ἐξιλεώνω, καταπραΰνω (ἴδε ἵλαμαι, ἱλάομαι), παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ ἀείποτε ἐπὶ θεῶν, αὐτίκ’ ἐγὼ πρῶτος κελόμην θεὸν ἱλάσκεσθαι Ἰλ. Α. 386, πρβλ. 100, 444., Ζ. 380, 385, Ὀδ. Γ. 419· μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο Ἰλ. Α. 472, πρβλ. Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 336· ὄφρ’ ἡμῖν Ἐκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι Ἰλ. Α. 147. 2) ἐπὶ ἀνθρώπων, οὓς ἐπιθυμεῖ τις νὰ ἐξευμενίσῃ μετὰ θάνατον διὰ θείων τιμῶν, Ἡρόδ. 5. 47· ἀκολούθως ἁπλῶς, ἐξευμενίζω, ἱλάσκεσθαί τινα χρήμασι ὁ αὐτ. 8. 112· πῶς ἱλασόμεθα καὶ τίνι λόγῳ Πλάτ. Φαίδ. 95Α· ἱλασόμενοι τὴν πρὸς αὐτὸν ὀργὴν τοῦ Καίσαρος Πλουτ. Κάτων Νεώτ. 61· 3) ἱλαρὸν ποιῶ τινα, παρέχω αὐτῷ φαιδρότητα, Μοισᾶν δόσιν, ἀεθλοφόροις ἀνδράσιν πέμπων, γλυκὺν καρπὸν φρενός, ἱλάσκομαι, «ἱλαροὺς αὐτοὺς καὶ εὐχαρίστους ἀποτελῶ» (Σχόλ.)· τὴν ἑρμηνείαν τοῦ Σχολιαστοῦ παραδέχεται καὶ ὁ Dissen θεωρῶν τὸ ἱλάσκομαι ἐνταῦθα = τῷ εὐφραίνω, Πινδ. Ο. 7. 15. ΙΙ. ἐν τῇ Καιν. Διαθ. ἐξιλεώνω, κάμνω ἐξιλέωσιν, εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ Ἐπιστ. π. Ἑβφ. β΄, 17· ὡσαύτως μετὰ δοτ. συγχωρῶ, αὐτὸς δὲ (ὁ Θεὸς δηλ.) ἐστιν οἰκτίρμων καὶ ἱλάσεται ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις αὐτῶν Ἑβδ. (Ψαλμ. ΟΖ΄, 38). ΙΙΙ. ἐν τῇ Καιν. Διαθ. προστακτ. ἀόρ. Παθ. ἱλάσθητι, ἔσο ἵλεως, εὔσπλαγχνος, ἐλεήμων, τινὶ Εὐαγγ. κ. Λουκ. ιη΄, 13 (πρβλ. ἐξιλάσκομαι), ἐν ᾗ σημασίᾳ ὁ Ὅμηρος μεταχειρίζεται τοὺς ἐνεργ. τύπους, ἱλήκω, ἵλημη, οὓς ἴδε.

French (Bailly abrégé)

f. ἱλάσομαι, ao. ἱλασάμην, pf. inus.
se rendre favorable, apaiser : ἱ. τινι, qqn ; ἱ. τινά τινι, se concilier qqn au moyen de qch ; ἱλ. τὴν ὀργήν τινος PLUT apaiser la colère de qqn.
Étymologie: ἵλαος, cf. *ἵλημι.

English (Slater)

ῑλάσκομαι
   1 ask (the gods') blessing for c. dat. νέκταρ χυτὸν ἀεθλοφόροις ἀνδράσιν πέμπων ἱλάσκομαι (“bitte die Götter um ihren Segen für die Sieger” Fränkel, W & F, 359) (O. 7.9)

English (Strong)

middle voice from the same as ἵλεως; to conciliate, i.e. (transitively) to atone for (sin), or (intransitively) be propitious: be merciful, make reconciliation for.

English (Thayer)

(see below); in classical Greek the middle of an act. ἱλάσκω (to render propitious, appease) never met with;
1. to render propitious to oneself, to appease, conciliate to oneself (from ἴλαος gracious, gentle); from Homer down; mostly with the accusative of a person, as Θεόν, Ἀθηνην, etc. (τόν Θεόν ἱλάσασθαι, Josephus, Antiquities 6,6, 5); very rarely with the accusative of the thing, as τήν ὀργήν, Plutarch, Cat. min. 61 (with which cf. ἐξιλάσκεσθαι θυμόν, Sept.). In Biblical Greek used passively, to become propitious, be placated or appeased; in 1st aorist imperative ἱλάσθητι, be propitious, be gracious, be merciful (in secular authors ἱληθι and Doric, ἵλαθι, which the gramm. regard as the present of an unused verb ἵλημι, to be propitious; cf. Alexander Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Sp. ii., p. 206; Kühner, § 343, i., p. 839; Passow, (or Liddell and Scott, or Veitch) under the word ἵλημι), with the dative of the thing or the person: ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις, τῇ ἁμαρτία, ἱλάσθη ὁ κύριος περί τῆς κακίας, Alex.; ἱλασθήσεται κυρίου τῷ δούλῳ σου, to expiate, make propitiation for (as ἐξιλάσκεσθαι in the O. T.): τάς ἁμαριτας, ἡμῶν τάς ψυχάς, Philo, alleg. leg. 3,61). (Cf. Kurtz, Commentary on Hebrews , at the passage cited; Winer's Grammar, 227 (213); Westcott, Epistles of St. John , p. 83f.)

Greek Monotonic

ἱλάσκομαι: [ῑ], μέλ. ἱλάσομαι [ᾰ], Επικ. ἱλάσσομαι· αόρ. αʹ ἱλᾰσάμην, Επικ. βʹ ενικ. υποτ. ἱλάσσεαι, αποθ. (ἵλαος
I. εξιλεώνω, καταπραΰνω, κατευνάζω, θεὸν ἱλάσκεσθαι, κερδίζω την εύνοιά του, σε Όμηρ.· μολπῇ θεὸν ἱλάσκοντο, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ὄφρ' ἡμῖν ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι, στο ίδ.· ομοίως, λέγεται για ανθρώπους, τους οποίους επιθυμεί κανείς να εξευμενίσει μετά θάνατον με θεϊκές τιμές, σε Ηρόδ., Πλάτ.
II. σε Καινή Διαθήκη, εξιλεώνω, ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας·
III. σε Καινή Διαθήκη, επίσης, προστ. Παθ. αορ. ἱλάσθητι, συγχώρεσε, να είσαι ευνοϊκός, σπλαχνικός, ελεήμων.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἱλάσκομαι: (ῑ, редко ῐ) (fut. ἱλάσομαι - эп. ἱλάσσομαι, aor. ἱλᾰσάμην)
1) умилостивлять (μολπῇ θεόν Hom.; τὸν Μίνω Plut.): ὄφρ᾽ ἡμῖν Ἑκάεργον ἱλάσσεαι (conjct.) Hom. дабы ты умилостивил для нас (т. е. склонил в нашу пользу) Стрельца (Аполлона); ἱλάσθητί μοι NT будь милостив ко мне;
2) примирять с собою, задабривать, склонять на свою сторону (τινα χρήμασι Her.);
3) смягчать, успокаивать (τὴν ὀργήν τινος Plut.);
4) миловать, отпускать, прощать (τὰς ἁμαρτίας τινός NT).

Frisk Etymological English

Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: appease, be merciful, perf. intr. and aor. pass. be gracious (Il.)
Other forms: rarely ἵλαμαι (h. Hom. 19, 48; 21, 5; inf. ἵλασθαι Orph. A. 944; on the quantity of the anlauts s. below), ἱλάονται (Β 550, ἱλάεσθαι A. R. 2, 847); aor. ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι (Il.), ἱλάξασθαι (Delph., A. R.), pass. ἱλασθῆναι (LXX); fut. ἱλάσ(σ)ομαι (Pl., Orac. ap. Paus. 8, 42, 6), ἱλάξομαι (A. R.); perf. ipv. Aeol. ἔλλαθι (gramm., B. 10, 8), pl. ἔλλατε (Call. Fr. 121); besides ἵλαθι, ἵλατε (Theoc., A. R.), ἵληθι (γ 380, π 184), cf. below; subj. ἱλήκῃσι (φ 365), opt. ἱλήκοι etc. (h. Ap. 165, AP, Alciphr.),
Compounds: Also with prefix, esp. ἐξ-,
Derivatives: ἐξίλασις, (ἐξ-)ἱλασμός (LXX), ἱλασία (inscr. Rom. empire), (ἐξ-)ἵλασμα appeasement, expiatory sacrifice (LXX), ἱλάσιμος appeasing (M.Ant.; after ἰάσιμος a. o., Arbenz Die Adj. auf -ιμος 93), ἱλαστήριος appeasing, -ιον propitiatory gift (LXX, pap.), also (analog.) ἱλατήριον (Chron. Lind.), ἱλαστής appeaser (Aq., Thd.) with ἐξιλαστικός (Corn.). - Older formations: 1. ἵλαος (ep. Arc.; on the quantity of the α below), ἵλεως (Att., also Ion.), ἵλεος (Cret. since IIIa, also Hdt.), hιλέϜοι dat. (Lac., IG 5 : 1, 1562, VI-Va), ἴλλαος (Aeol., gramm.) merciful, benevolent; Arc. appeased; denomin. verb ἱλαόομαι (ΜΑΜΑ 1, 230), ἱλεῶμαι, ἱλεόομαι (A. Supp. 117 [lyr.], Pl.; cf. Schulze Kl. Schr. 324f.) appease with ἱλέωσις (Plu.), ἱλεωτήριον (Phot., Suid.). 2. ἱλαρός clear, glad, also = ἵλεως (Ar., X.) with ἱλαρότης, ἱλαρία, ἱλαρόω, -ρύνω, -ρεύομαι (hell.); Lat. loan hilarus, -is. 3. ἰλλάεις, -εντος (Alc.), ἱλᾶς, -ᾶντος (Hdn. Gr., H.) = ἴλλαος, ἵλαος and lengthened (cf. Schwyzer 527). 4. ἱλάειρα f. of φλόξ and σελήνη (Emp.; quantity changing, cf. below), also ἑλάειρα (sch., Steph. Byz.) and ΕΛΕΡΑ (Kretschmer Vas. 208; s. also Schulze Kl. Schr. 716), innovation after πίειρα, κτεάτειρα, Δάειρα etc., Chantr. Form. 104, Schwyzer 543.
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [900] *selh₂- make favourable
Etymology: Decisive for the interpretation of these forms is the Aeol. imperative ἔλλαθι, ἔλλατε, for *σε-σλα-θι, -τε and so like τέ-τλα-θι, ἕ-στα-θι, δείδιθι = δέ-δϜι-θι to be seen as a perfect form. Die metrisch feststellbare Länge des α in ἔλλαθι bei B. 10, 8 muß wie in ἵλαος (s. unten) sekundär sein. The agreeing IA *εἵλαθι, of which the reduplication was no longer recognizable, was after φάνηθι etc. replaced by εἵληθι ἵλεως γίνου H. Another center of the formations was the reduplicated present ἱλάσκομαι < *σι-σλά-σκομαι, of which the anlauting vowel-length was introduced in other forms: perf. subj. and opt. ἱλήκῃσι, ἱλήκοι for *εἱλ- (ind. *εἵληκα like εἴρηκα, τέ-τλη-κα), perh. also in ἵλαθι, -τε and Hom. ἵληθι (cf. εἵληθι H.), (or from *σι-σλη-θι). Also in the aorist- and future-forms ἱλάσ(σ)ασθαι, ἱλάξασθαι, ἱλάσσομαι, ἱλάξομαι the length was introduced; beside it there is short in ἱλάσσεαι (Α 147), ἱλασσάμενοι (Α 100), ἵλαμαι (h. Hom.; but ἵλασθαι Orph.), ἱλάομαι, also in ἱλαρός and ἱλάειρα (Emp. 85). The short ι- which is ununderstandable, may replace the ε- (ἑλάειρα [s. above], *ἕλαμαι, *ἑλαρός) after ἱλάσκομαι. - Also ἵληϜος, ἵλεως, ἵλαος from reduplicated *σι-σλη-, σι-σλα-. The old ablaut selǝ- : sleh₁- : slǝ- (cf. telǝ- : tlā- : tlǝ- in τελα-μών : ἔ-τλα-ν : τέ-τλα-θι) of which sla- is analog. - More on the Greek forms (after Froehde a. a. O., Solmsen KZ 29, 350f., Schulze Q. 466f., Bechtel Lex. 175ff., Wackernagel Unt. 81) in Schwyzer 281, 681, 689 w. n. 2, 710, 800 etc., Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 13; 22; 299; 427 etc. - Fundamental is Klingenschmitt, MSS 28 (1970) 75-88, who showed that Arm. aɫač`em pray < *slh₂-ske\/o- is the closest relative. The Greek form goes back on *si-slh₂-ske\/o-; the aorist would have been *selh₂-s- of which the initial has been influenced by the present.