vitium: Difference between revisions
Σωτηρίας σημεῖον ἥμερος τρόπος → Auf Rettung deutet kultivierte Lebensart → Ein Hinweis auf die Rettung ist die sanfte Art
(6_17) |
(D_9) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Lewis | {{Lewis | ||
|lshtext=<b>vĭtĭum</b>: ii (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. vitiūm, Titin. ap. Non. p. 495, 13), n. from the [[same]] [[root]] [[with]] [[vieo]], [[vitis]], [[vitta]]; [[prop]]. a [[twist]]; [[hence]], a [[fault]], [[defect]], [[blemish]], [[imperfection]], [[vice]] (syn. [[menda]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[quomodo]] [[autem]] in corpore est [[morbus]], est [[aegrotatio]], est [[vitium]]: sic in [[animo]]. Morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: [[vitium]], cum partes corporis [[inter]] se dissident; ex quo [[pravitas]] membrorum, [[distortio]], [[deformitas]]. Itaque [[illa]] duo, [[morbus]] et [[aegrotatio]], ex totius valetudinis corporis conquassatione et perturbatione gignuntur: [[vitium]] [[autem]] integrā valetudine ipsum ex se cernitur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29: corporis, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118; Ov. F. 4, 148: mancipii, Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 6: jumenti, ib. 21, 1, 38 init.—In buildings, a [[breach]], [[defect]]: si [[nihil]] est in parietibus aut in tecto vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5; cf.: si [[aedes]] corruerunt vitiumve fecerunt, [[have]] [[received]] [[damage]], [[become]] damaged, id. Top. 3, 15.—In plants, a [[blemish]], [[vice]]: [[sive]] illis (agris) omne per ignem Excoquitur [[vitium]] [[atque]] exsudat [[inutilis]] [[umor]], Verg. G. 1, 88: [[vitio]] moriens sitit aëris [[herba]], id. E. 7, 57.—In fruits, the [[useless]] [[part]], the [[core]]: vitiumque [[cinctum]] fructu, Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 112.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., a [[fault]], [[defect]], [[blemish]]: acutius [[atque]] acrius vitia in dicente [[quam]] [[recta]] videre, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 116; cf. orationis, Quint. 1, 5, 1; 12, 1, 22: sermonis, id. 1, 1, 13: soloecismi, id. 1, 5, 53: ingenii, id. 10, 1, 60: mentis, id. 12, 1, 32: Stoicae sectae, id. 11, 1, 70: et illud mihi [[vitium]]'st maximum, my greatest [[fault]], Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 37: huc si perveneris, [[meum]] [[vitium]] fuerit, my [[fault]], Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: [[quamvis]] [[quis]] fortunae [[vitio]], non suo decexisset, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44: honorem [[vitio]] civitatis, non suo, non sunt adsecuti, id. Har. Resp. 26, 56: [[male]] conjecta falsa sunt, non rerum [[vitio]], sed interpretum inscientiā, id. Div. 1, 52, 118: animadverso [[vitio]] castrorum totā nocte munitiones proferunt, i. e. the [[faulty]], unfavorable [[position]] ([[just]] [[before]]: [[natura]] [[iniquo]] [[loco]] [[castra]] ponunt), Caes. B. C. 1, 81: milites [[item]] conflictati et tempestatis et sentinae vitiis, the [[injurious]] [[effects]], id. ib. 3, 28: [[sese]] [[nihil]] [[adhuc]] arbitrari [[vitio]] [[factum]] eorum, id. ib. 3, 57: vini [[vitio]] [[atque]] amoris feci, [[through]] the [[fault]] of, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 15.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[moral]] [[fault]], [[failing]], [[error]], [[offence]], [[crime]], [[vice]] (the predom. signif. of the [[word]] in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]; cf.: [[scelus]], [[delictum]]): nullam [[quidem]] ob turpitudinem, nullum ob totius vitae non dicam [[vitium]], sed [[erratum]], Cic. Clu. 48, 133: legibus et praemia proposita sunt virtutibus et supplicia vitiis, id. de Or. 1, 58. 247: [[virtus]] est [[vitium]] fugere, Hor. ep. 1, 1, 41: [[senectus]] est naturā loquacior, ne ab omnibus eam vitiis videar vindicare, Cic. Sen. 16, 55: in [[vitio]] esse, id. Off. 1, 19, 62: ne sibi [[vitio]] verterent, [[quod]] abesset a patriā, [[reckon]] it a [[fault]], id. Fam. 7, 6, 1: te laudem Sex. Roscio [[vitio]] et culpae dedisse, id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; [[Matius]] ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—<br /> <b>b</b> In [[respect]] of [[female]] [[chastity]] ([[whether]] of maidens or wives), a [[violation]]: [[quia]] pudicitiae hujus (Alcumenae) [[vitium]] me hic absente est additum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 179: pudicitiae ejus [[nunquam]] nec vim nec [[vitium]] attuli, id. Ep. 1, 2, 7: [[quoi]] [[misere]] per vim [[vitium]] obtulerat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10; so, offerre, id. ib. 3, 1, 9: virginis, id. Eun. 4, 4, 55; cf.: [[vitium]] auctore redemit, Ov. H. 16 (17), 49.—<br /> <b>2</b> In relig. lang., a [[defect]] in the [[auspices]] or auguries: si cui [[servo]] aut ancillae dormienti evenit, [[quod]] [[comitia]] prohibere solet, ne id [[quidem]] mihi [[vitium]] facit, [[Cato]] ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 fin. Müll.; Ter. Hec. prol. 2; Liv. 8, 23, 16; 4, 7, 3: id [[igitur]] obvenit [[vitium]], [[quod]] tu jam Cal. Jan. futurum esse provideras, Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 83: [[tabernaculum]] [[vitio]] captum, id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.: [[vitio]] navigare, id. Div. 1, 16, 29: comitiorum [[solum]] [[vitium]] est [[fulmen]], id. ib. 2, 18, 43.—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[fault]] of [[language]]: barbarismi ac soloecismi [[foeditas]] absit ... haec vitia, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 5.—<br /> <b>4</b> In [[coinage]], t. t., [[base]] [[metal]], [[alloy]]: in [[aurum]] vitii aliquid addere, Dig. 48, 10, 9 praef.; cf.: [[ignis]] [[vitium]] metallis Excoquit, Ov. F. 4, 785. | |lshtext=<b>vĭtĭum</b>: ii (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. vitiūm, Titin. ap. Non. p. 495, 13), n. from the [[same]] [[root]] [[with]] [[vieo]], [[vitis]], [[vitta]]; [[prop]]. a [[twist]]; [[hence]], a [[fault]], [[defect]], [[blemish]], [[imperfection]], [[vice]] (syn. [[menda]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: [[quomodo]] [[autem]] in corpore est [[morbus]], est [[aegrotatio]], est [[vitium]]: sic in [[animo]]. Morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: [[vitium]], cum partes corporis [[inter]] se dissident; ex quo [[pravitas]] membrorum, [[distortio]], [[deformitas]]. Itaque [[illa]] duo, [[morbus]] et [[aegrotatio]], ex totius valetudinis corporis conquassatione et perturbatione gignuntur: [[vitium]] [[autem]] integrā valetudine ipsum ex se cernitur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29: corporis, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118; Ov. F. 4, 148: mancipii, Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 6: jumenti, ib. 21, 1, 38 init.—In buildings, a [[breach]], [[defect]]: si [[nihil]] est in parietibus aut in tecto vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5; cf.: si [[aedes]] corruerunt vitiumve fecerunt, [[have]] [[received]] [[damage]], [[become]] damaged, id. Top. 3, 15.—In plants, a [[blemish]], [[vice]]: [[sive]] illis (agris) omne per ignem Excoquitur [[vitium]] [[atque]] exsudat [[inutilis]] [[umor]], Verg. G. 1, 88: [[vitio]] moriens sitit aëris [[herba]], id. E. 7, 57.—In fruits, the [[useless]] [[part]], the [[core]]: vitiumque [[cinctum]] fructu, Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 112.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., a [[fault]], [[defect]], [[blemish]]: acutius [[atque]] acrius vitia in dicente [[quam]] [[recta]] videre, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 116; cf. orationis, Quint. 1, 5, 1; 12, 1, 22: sermonis, id. 1, 1, 13: soloecismi, id. 1, 5, 53: ingenii, id. 10, 1, 60: mentis, id. 12, 1, 32: Stoicae sectae, id. 11, 1, 70: et illud mihi [[vitium]]'st maximum, my greatest [[fault]], Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 37: huc si perveneris, [[meum]] [[vitium]] fuerit, my [[fault]], Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: [[quamvis]] [[quis]] fortunae [[vitio]], non suo decexisset, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44: honorem [[vitio]] civitatis, non suo, non sunt adsecuti, id. Har. Resp. 26, 56: [[male]] conjecta falsa sunt, non rerum [[vitio]], sed interpretum inscientiā, id. Div. 1, 52, 118: animadverso [[vitio]] castrorum totā nocte munitiones proferunt, i. e. the [[faulty]], unfavorable [[position]] ([[just]] [[before]]: [[natura]] [[iniquo]] [[loco]] [[castra]] ponunt), Caes. B. C. 1, 81: milites [[item]] conflictati et tempestatis et sentinae vitiis, the [[injurious]] [[effects]], id. ib. 3, 28: [[sese]] [[nihil]] [[adhuc]] arbitrari [[vitio]] [[factum]] eorum, id. ib. 3, 57: vini [[vitio]] [[atque]] amoris feci, [[through]] the [[fault]] of, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 15.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[moral]] [[fault]], [[failing]], [[error]], [[offence]], [[crime]], [[vice]] (the predom. signif. of the [[word]] in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]; cf.: [[scelus]], [[delictum]]): nullam [[quidem]] ob turpitudinem, nullum ob totius vitae non dicam [[vitium]], sed [[erratum]], Cic. Clu. 48, 133: legibus et praemia proposita sunt virtutibus et supplicia vitiis, id. de Or. 1, 58. 247: [[virtus]] est [[vitium]] fugere, Hor. ep. 1, 1, 41: [[senectus]] est naturā loquacior, ne ab omnibus eam vitiis videar vindicare, Cic. Sen. 16, 55: in [[vitio]] esse, id. Off. 1, 19, 62: ne sibi [[vitio]] verterent, [[quod]] abesset a patriā, [[reckon]] it a [[fault]], id. Fam. 7, 6, 1: te laudem Sex. Roscio [[vitio]] et culpae dedisse, id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; [[Matius]] ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—<br /> <b>b</b> In [[respect]] of [[female]] [[chastity]] ([[whether]] of maidens or wives), a [[violation]]: [[quia]] pudicitiae hujus (Alcumenae) [[vitium]] me hic absente est additum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 179: pudicitiae ejus [[nunquam]] nec vim nec [[vitium]] attuli, id. Ep. 1, 2, 7: [[quoi]] [[misere]] per vim [[vitium]] obtulerat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10; so, offerre, id. ib. 3, 1, 9: virginis, id. Eun. 4, 4, 55; cf.: [[vitium]] auctore redemit, Ov. H. 16 (17), 49.—<br /> <b>2</b> In relig. lang., a [[defect]] in the [[auspices]] or auguries: si cui [[servo]] aut ancillae dormienti evenit, [[quod]] [[comitia]] prohibere solet, ne id [[quidem]] mihi [[vitium]] facit, [[Cato]] ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 fin. Müll.; Ter. Hec. prol. 2; Liv. 8, 23, 16; 4, 7, 3: id [[igitur]] obvenit [[vitium]], [[quod]] tu jam Cal. Jan. futurum esse provideras, Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 83: [[tabernaculum]] [[vitio]] captum, id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.: [[vitio]] navigare, id. Div. 1, 16, 29: comitiorum [[solum]] [[vitium]] est [[fulmen]], id. ib. 2, 18, 43.—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[fault]] of [[language]]: barbarismi ac soloecismi [[foeditas]] absit ... haec vitia, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 5.—<br /> <b>4</b> In [[coinage]], t. t., [[base]] [[metal]], [[alloy]]: in [[aurum]] vitii aliquid addere, Dig. 48, 10, 9 praef.; cf.: [[ignis]] [[vitium]] metallis Excoquit, Ov. F. 4, 785. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gaffiot | |||
|gf=<b>vĭtĭum</b>,⁶ ĭī, n.,<br /><b>1</b> défaut, défectuosité, imperfection, tare : corporis Cic. de Or. 2, 266, défaut physique, difformité, infirmité ; in tecto Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5, défectuosité dans le toit ; si ædes [[vitium]] faciunt Cic. Top. 15, si un édifice se détériore || [en parl. du [[sol]] état défectueux : Virg. G. 1, 88<br /><b>2</b> [fig.] <b> a)</b> défaut : vitia in dicente videre Cic. de Or. 1, 116, voir ce qui [[est]] mauvais chez un orateur ; [[vitium]] castrorum Cæs. C. 1, 81, 3, mauvaise installation d’un camp ; vitia orationis Quint. 1, 5, 1, défauts de style ; [[huc]] si perveneris, [[meum]] [[vitium]] fuerit Cic. Ac. 2, 49, si tu parviens, à [[cette]] conséquence, ce [[sera]] ma faute ; fortunæ [[vitio]] Cic. Phil. 2, 44, par la faute de la fortune || <b> b)</b> [religieus<sup>t</sup>] défectuosité, irrégularité, [[vice]] dans les auspices : Cic. Phil. 2, 83 ; Nat. 2, 11 ; Div. 2, 43 ; [[vitio]] navigare Cic. Div. 1, 29, prendre la mer contre les auspices ; <b> c)</b> [moral<sup>t</sup>] : [oppos. à virtutes] Cic. de Or. 1, 247, les [[vices]] || alicui [[vitio]] vertere [[quod]] Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1, faire un crime à qqn de ; [[aliquid]] alicui [[vitio]] et culpæ dare Cic. Amer. 48, objecter qqch. à qqn comme une tare et un signe de culpabilité ; in [[vitio]] [[esse]] Cic. Off. 1, 23. être coupable, être en défaut ; ea animi [[elatio]] in [[vitio]] [[est]] Cic. Off. 1, 62, [[cette]] grandeur d’âme [[est]] un défaut ; [[hoc]] [[est]] in [[vitio]]... perhorrescere Cic. Fin. 5, 31, c’[[est]] un défaut que de redouter... ; <b> d)</b> outrage, attentat à la pudeur : [[vitium]] alicujus pudicitiæ addere, afferre Pl. Amph. 811 ; Epid. 110, déshonorer, ravir l’honneur d’une femme, ou alicui [[vitium]] offerre Ter. Ad. 308 ; [[vitium]] virginis Ter. Eun. 722, viol de jeune fille. gén. pl. [[vitium]] Titin. 149. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 07:08, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
vĭtĭum: ii (
I gen. plur. vitiūm, Titin. ap. Non. p. 495, 13), n. from the same root with vieo, vitis, vitta; prop. a twist; hence, a fault, defect, blemish, imperfection, vice (syn. menda).
I Lit.: quomodo autem in corpore est morbus, est aegrotatio, est vitium: sic in animo. Morbum appellant totius corporis corruptionem: aegrotationem morbum cum imbecillitate: vitium, cum partes corporis inter se dissident; ex quo pravitas membrorum, distortio, deformitas. Itaque illa duo, morbus et aegrotatio, ex totius valetudinis corporis conquassatione et perturbatione gignuntur: vitium autem integrā valetudine ipsum ex se cernitur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 29: corporis, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 118; Ov. F. 4, 148: mancipii, Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 6: jumenti, ib. 21, 1, 38 init.—In buildings, a breach, defect: si nihil est in parietibus aut in tecto vitii, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5; cf.: si aedes corruerunt vitiumve fecerunt, have received damage, become damaged, id. Top. 3, 15.—In plants, a blemish, vice: sive illis (agris) omne per ignem Excoquitur vitium atque exsudat inutilis umor, Verg. G. 1, 88: vitio moriens sitit aëris herba, id. E. 7, 57.—In fruits, the useless part, the core: vitiumque cinctum fructu, Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 112.—
II Trop.
A In gen., a fault, defect, blemish: acutius atque acrius vitia in dicente quam recta videre, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 116; cf. orationis, Quint. 1, 5, 1; 12, 1, 22: sermonis, id. 1, 1, 13: soloecismi, id. 1, 5, 53: ingenii, id. 10, 1, 60: mentis, id. 12, 1, 32: Stoicae sectae, id. 11, 1, 70: et illud mihi vitium'st maximum, my greatest fault, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 37: huc si perveneris, meum vitium fuerit, my fault, Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: quamvis quis fortunae vitio, non suo decexisset, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44: honorem vitio civitatis, non suo, non sunt adsecuti, id. Har. Resp. 26, 56: male conjecta falsa sunt, non rerum vitio, sed interpretum inscientiā, id. Div. 1, 52, 118: animadverso vitio castrorum totā nocte munitiones proferunt, i. e. the faulty, unfavorable position (just before: natura iniquo loco castra ponunt), Caes. B. C. 1, 81: milites item conflictati et tempestatis et sentinae vitiis, the injurious effects, id. ib. 3, 28: sese nihil adhuc arbitrari vitio factum eorum, id. ib. 3, 57: vini vitio atque amoris feci, through the fault of, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 15.—
B In partic.
1 A moral fault, failing, error, offence, crime, vice (the predom. signif. of the word in prose and poetry; cf.: scelus, delictum): nullam quidem ob turpitudinem, nullum ob totius vitae non dicam vitium, sed erratum, Cic. Clu. 48, 133: legibus et praemia proposita sunt virtutibus et supplicia vitiis, id. de Or. 1, 58. 247: virtus est vitium fugere, Hor. ep. 1, 1, 41: senectus est naturā loquacior, ne ab omnibus eam vitiis videar vindicare, Cic. Sen. 16, 55: in vitio esse, id. Off. 1, 19, 62: ne sibi vitio verterent, quod abesset a patriā, reckon it a fault, id. Fam. 7, 6, 1: te laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse, id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2.—
b In respect of female chastity (whether of maidens or wives), a violation: quia pudicitiae hujus (Alcumenae) vitium me hic absente est additum, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 179: pudicitiae ejus nunquam nec vim nec vitium attuli, id. Ep. 1, 2, 7: quoi misere per vim vitium obtulerat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 10; so, offerre, id. ib. 3, 1, 9: virginis, id. Eun. 4, 4, 55; cf.: vitium auctore redemit, Ov. H. 16 (17), 49.—
2 In relig. lang., a defect in the auspices or auguries: si cui servo aut ancillae dormienti evenit, quod comitia prohibere solet, ne id quidem mihi vitium facit, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 fin. Müll.; Ter. Hec. prol. 2; Liv. 8, 23, 16; 4, 7, 3: id igitur obvenit vitium, quod tu jam Cal. Jan. futurum esse provideras, Cic. Phil. 2, 33, 83: tabernaculum vitio captum, id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.: vitio navigare, id. Div. 1, 16, 29: comitiorum solum vitium est fulmen, id. ib. 2, 18, 43.—
3 A fault of language: barbarismi ac soloecismi foeditas absit ... haec vitia, etc., Quint. 1, 5, 5.—
4 In coinage, t. t., base metal, alloy: in aurum vitii aliquid addere, Dig. 48, 10, 9 praef.; cf.: ignis vitium metallis Excoquit, Ov. F. 4, 785.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
vĭtĭum,⁶ ĭī, n.,
1 défaut, défectuosité, imperfection, tare : corporis Cic. de Or. 2, 266, défaut physique, difformité, infirmité ; in tecto Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 5, défectuosité dans le toit ; si ædes vitium faciunt Cic. Top. 15, si un édifice se détériore || [en parl. du sol état défectueux : Virg. G. 1, 88
2 [fig.] a) défaut : vitia in dicente videre Cic. de Or. 1, 116, voir ce qui est mauvais chez un orateur ; vitium castrorum Cæs. C. 1, 81, 3, mauvaise installation d’un camp ; vitia orationis Quint. 1, 5, 1, défauts de style ; huc si perveneris, meum vitium fuerit Cic. Ac. 2, 49, si tu parviens, à cette conséquence, ce sera ma faute ; fortunæ vitio Cic. Phil. 2, 44, par la faute de la fortune || b) [religieust] défectuosité, irrégularité, vice dans les auspices : Cic. Phil. 2, 83 ; Nat. 2, 11 ; Div. 2, 43 ; vitio navigare Cic. Div. 1, 29, prendre la mer contre les auspices ; c) [moralt] : [oppos. à virtutes] Cic. de Or. 1, 247, les vices || alicui vitio vertere quod Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1, faire un crime à qqn de ; aliquid alicui vitio et culpæ dare Cic. Amer. 48, objecter qqch. à qqn comme une tare et un signe de culpabilité ; in vitio esse Cic. Off. 1, 23. être coupable, être en défaut ; ea animi elatio in vitio est Cic. Off. 1, 62, cette grandeur d’âme est un défaut ; hoc est in vitio... perhorrescere Cic. Fin. 5, 31, c’est un défaut que de redouter... ; d) outrage, attentat à la pudeur : vitium alicujus pudicitiæ addere, afferre Pl. Amph. 811 ; Epid. 110, déshonorer, ravir l’honneur d’une femme, ou alicui vitium offerre Ter. Ad. 308 ; vitium virginis Ter. Eun. 722, viol de jeune fille. gén. pl. vitium Titin. 149.
