πένης: Difference between revisions
σωφροσύνη τὸ περὶ τὰς γυναῖκας → temperance in relation to women
mNo edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
| (16 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
|Transliteration C=penis | |Transliteration C=penis | ||
|Beta Code=pe/nhs | |Beta Code=pe/nhs | ||
|Definition=ητος, ὁ, ([[πένομαι]]) < | |Definition=-ητος, ὁ, ([[πένομαι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[one who works for his living]], [[day-labourer]], [[poor]] man, opp. [[πλούσιος]], Democr.283; opp. [[δυνάμενος]], Archyt.3; πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ βίος... ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα· τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα Ar.''Pl.'' 553; οἱ π. αὐτῶν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.133, 2.47; πλούσιος ἐκ πένητος Lys.1.4; πένητες ἄνθρωποι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.51; οἷ' <b class="b3">ἀνὴρ πένης</b> S.''Ph.''584; πένης [[ἵππος]] X. ''Oec.'' 11.5.<br><span class="bld">II</span> as adjective, π. δόμοι E. ''El.''1139: c. neut., <b class="b3">ἐν πένητι σώματι</b> ib. 372: c. gen., <b class="b3">χρημάτων πένητες</b> [[poor in]] [[money]], ib.38; π. φίλων Pl.''Ep.''332c; π. [[ἀπολογία]]ς Luc. ''Apol.'' 11: Comp. πενέστερος X.''Ath.''1.13: Sup. πενέστατος D.21.123. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0554.png Seite 554]] ητος, ὁ, eigtl. der sich sein tägliches Brot erarbeitet ([[πένομαι]]) der Arme, Dürftige; Soph. Phil. 580; Ar. Plut. 553 Eccl. 566; Eur. oft; πένητες ἄνθρωποι, Her. 8, 51; im | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0554.png Seite 554]] ητος, ὁ, eigtl. der sich sein tägliches Brot erarbeitet ([[πένομαι]]) der Arme, Dürftige; Soph. Phil. 580; Ar. Plut. 553 Eccl. 566; Eur. oft; πένητες ἄνθρωποι, Her. 8, 51; im <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> von πλούσιοι, Dem. 24, 124, wie Plat. Prot. 319 d; καὶ [[φειδωλός]], Legg. IV, 719 e; καὶ [[ἄπορος]], Rep. VIII, 552 a; auch τινός, arm an Etwas, z. B. [[πένης]] γὰρ ἦν ἀνδρῶν [[φίλων]] καὶ πιστῶν, Ep. VII, 332 c; nach Xen. Mem. 4, 2, 37 ὁ μὴ ἱκανὰ ἔχων εἰς ἃ δεῖ τελεῖν; Folgde; [[βίος]], Antp. Th. 47 (IX, 23). – Das tem. [[πένησσα]] erwähnt Hesych. – Compar. [[πενέστερος]], Xen. Ath. 1, 13; Plut. auch superl. πενέστατος. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ητος;<br /><i>adj.</i><br />pauvre, indigent (<i>propr.</i> qui travaille pour vivre) ; avec un gén. pauvre de, qui manque de;<br /><i>Cp.</i> [[πενέστερος]], <i>Sp.</i> [[πενέστατος]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[πένομαι]]. | |btext=ητος;<br /><i>adj.</i><br />pauvre, indigent (<i>propr.</i> qui travaille pour vivre) ; avec un gén. pauvre de, qui manque de;<br /><i>Cp.</i> [[πενέστερος]], <i>Sp.</i> [[πενέστατος]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[πένομαι]]. | ||
}} | |||
{{elnl | |||
|elnltext=πένης -ητος [πένομαι] adj. en subst.; comp. πενέστερος, superl. πενέστατος, arm, behoeftig; ook met gen.. χρημάτων πένητες lieden zonder geld Eur. El. 38. | |||
}} | |||
{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''πένης:''' ητος adj. (compar. [[πενέστερος]], superl. [[πενέστατος]]) бедный, неимущий (ἄνθρωποι Her.; [[ἀνήρ]] Soph.; [[δόμος]], [[σῶμα]] Eur.): π. χρημάτων Eur. не имеющий состояния, неимущий.<br />ητος ὁ [[бедняк]] Her., Arph. etc. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{StrongGR | {{StrongGR | ||
| Line 23: | Line 26: | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Thayer | {{Thayer | ||
|txtha=πένητος, ὁ ([[πένομαι]] to [[work]] for [[one]]'s [[living]]; the Latin penuria and Greek [[πεινάω]] are [[akin]] to it (cf. Vanicek, p. 1164); [[hence]], [[πένης]] equivalent to ἐκ πόνου καί ἐνεργείας τό [[ζῆν]] ἔχων, Etym. Magn.), [[poor]]: [[Sophocles]] and [[Herodotus]] | |txtha=πένητος, ὁ ([[πένομαι]] to [[work]] for [[one]]'s [[living]]; the Latin penuria and Greek [[πεινάω]] are [[akin]] to it (cf. Vanicek, p. 1164); [[hence]], [[πένης]] equivalent to ἐκ πόνου καί ἐνεργείας τό [[ζῆν]] ἔχων, Etym. Magn.), [[poor]]: [[Sophocles]] and [[Herodotus]] down; the Sept. for אֶבְיון, עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, etc.) [ SYNONYMS: [[πένης]], [[πτωχός]]: "[[πένης]] occurs [[but]] [[once]] in the [[NT|N.T.]], and [[then]] in a [[quotation]] from the O. T., [[while]] [[πτωχός]] occurs [[between]] [[thirty]] and [[forty]] times .... The [[πένης]] [[may]] be so [[poor]] [[that]] he earns his [[bread]] by [[daily]] labor; the [[πτωχός]] [[that]] he [[only]] obtains his [[living]] by [[begging]]." Trench, § xxxvi.; cf. Schmidt, [[chapter]] 85,4; [[chapter]] 186.] | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{grml | {{grml | ||
| Line 31: | Line 34: | ||
|lsmtext='''πένης:''' -ητος, ὁ ([[πένομαι]])·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> αυτός που δουλεύει για το καθημερινό [[ψωμί]] του, [[μεροκαματιάρης]], [[φτωχός]] [[άνθρωπος]], που διακρίνεται από τον <i>πτωχόν</i> ([[ζητιάνος]]), σε Ηρόδ., Σοφ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> ως επίθ. λέγεται για φτωχό άνθρωπο, [[δόμος]], σε Ευρ.· <i>ἐν πένητι σώματι</i>, στον ίδ.· με γεν., [[πένης]] χρημάτων, [[φτωχός]] από χρήματα, στον ίδ.· [[πένης]] [[φίλων]], σε Πλάτ.· συγκρ. [[πενέστερος]], σε Ξεν.· υπερθ. [[πενέστατος]], σε Δημ. | |lsmtext='''πένης:''' -ητος, ὁ ([[πένομαι]])·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> αυτός που δουλεύει για το καθημερινό [[ψωμί]] του, [[μεροκαματιάρης]], [[φτωχός]] [[άνθρωπος]], που διακρίνεται από τον <i>πτωχόν</i> ([[ζητιάνος]]), σε Ηρόδ., Σοφ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> ως επίθ. λέγεται για φτωχό άνθρωπο, [[δόμος]], σε Ευρ.· <i>ἐν πένητι σώματι</i>, στον ίδ.· με γεν., [[πένης]] χρημάτων, [[φτωχός]] από χρήματα, στον ίδ.· [[πένης]] [[φίλων]], σε Πλάτ.· συγκρ. [[πενέστερος]], σε Ξεν.· υπερθ. [[πενέστατος]], σε Δημ. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | {{ls | ||
| | |lstext='''πένης''': -ητος, ὁ, ([[πένομαι]]) ὁ ἐργαζόμενος διὰ τὸν καθημερινὸν αὑτοῦ ἄρτον, [[ἄνθρωπος]] τῆς ἐργατικῆς τάξεως, οὐχὶ [[εὔπορος]], ἀλλὰ ῥητῶς τίθεται [[ὑπεράνω]] τοῦ πτωχοῦ, (= ἐπαίτου), πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ [[βίος]] .. ζῆν μὲν ἐστὶν μηδὲν ἔχοντα· τοὺ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 553· οἱ ὑπ’ αὐτῶν Ἡρόδ. 1. 133., 2. 47· ἐκ πένητος, [[πλούσιος]] Λυσ. 92. 12· πένητες ἄνθρωποι Ἡρόδ. 8.51· οἷ’ ἀνὴρ π. Σοφ. Φ. 584· ἐπὶ τὸ ἀστειότερον, π. [[ἵππος]] Ξεν. Οἰκ. 11, 5. ΙΙ. ὡς ἐπίθ., π. [[δόμος]] Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 1139· καὶ μετ’ οὐδ., ἐν πένητι σώματι [[αὐτόθι]] 372· μετὰ γεν., π. χρημάτων, ἐνδεὴς χρημάτων, [[αὐτόθι]] 38· π. φίλων, ἐστερημένος φίλων, Πλάτ. Ἐπιστ. 332C· π. ἀπολογίας Λουκ. Ἀπολ. 11· - [[ὡσαύτως]] θηλ. ἡ πένησσα, «πέννησα· πτωχὴ» Ἡσύχ.· - συγκρ. [[πενέστερος]], Ξεν. Ἀθην. 1, 13· ὑπερθ. πενέστατος, Δημ. 555. 11. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{etym | {{etym | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
{{Chinese | {{Chinese | ||
|sngr='''原文音譯'''：pšnhj 胚尼士<br />'''詞類次數'''：形容詞（1）<br />'''原文字根'''：作苦工 相當於： （[[אֶבְיׄון]]‎） （[[דַּל]]‎） （[[רוּשׁ]]‎）<br />'''字義溯源'''：貧窮，缺乏，在工作的；源自（[[πεντηκοστή]]）X*=辛勞）。比較 （[[πτωχός]]）=乞丐，窮人。<br />'''同義字'''：1） （[[πένης]]）貧窮 2） （[[πενιχρός]]）窮困的 3） （[[πτωχός]]）窮人<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（1）；林後（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 貧窮的（1） 林後9:9 | |sngr='''原文音譯'''：pšnhj 胚尼士<br />'''詞類次數'''：形容詞（1）<br />'''原文字根'''：作苦工 相當於： （[[אֶבְיׄון]]‎） （[[דַּל]]‎） （[[רוּשׁ]]‎）<br />'''字義溯源'''：貧窮，缺乏，在工作的；源自（[[πεντηκοστή]]）X*=辛勞）。比較 （[[πτωχός]]）=乞丐，窮人。<br />'''同義字'''：1） （[[πένης]]）貧窮 2） （[[πενιχρός]]）窮困的 3） （[[πτωχός]]）窮人<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（1）；林後（1）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 貧窮的（1） 林後9:9 | ||
}} | |||
{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=(=[[φτωχός]], [[ἄνθρωπος]] τῆς ἐργατικῆς τάξης). Ἀπό τό [[πένομαι]], ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{trml | {{trml | ||
|trtx=Aghwan: 𐕄𐔼𐕎𐕒𐕡𐔸; Albanian: varfër; Alemannic German: àrm; Arabic: فَقِير; Egyptian Arabic: فقير; Hijazi Arabic: فقير; Armenian: աղքատ, չքավոր, քյասիբ; Aromanian: aruptu, discultsu, caimen, ftoh, ftohu, oarfãn, fucãrã; Asturian: probe; Azerbaijani: kasıb, yoxsul, fağır, füqəra, fağır-füqarə, kasıb-kusub, imkansız; Bashkir: ярлы; Basque: behartsu; Belarusian: бедны; Bengali: গরিব, মিসকিন, বেচারা; Bikol Central: pobre, mahidap; Breton: paour; Bulgarian: беден; Burmese: ဆင်းရဲ; Catalan: pobre; Chamicuro: pople; Chinese Cantonese: 窮, 穷; Mandarin: 貧窮, 贫穷, 貧乏, 贫乏, 窮, 穷; Min Dong: 窮, 穷; Czech: chudý; Dalmatian: pauper; Danish: fattig; Dutch: [[arm]], [[armoedig]], [[berooid]]; Elfdalian: fattin; Emilian: pôver; Esperanto: malriĉa; Estonian: vaene; Faroese: fátækur; Finnish: köyhä; French: [[pauvre]]; Friulian: puar, pùar; Galician: pobre; Georgian: ღარიბი; German: [[arm]]; Pennsylvania German: arm, aarem; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌻𐌴𐌸𐍃, 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃; Greek: [[φτωχός]]; Ancient Greek: [[πένης]], [[πτωχός]]; Greenlandic: piitsoq; Hawaiian: hoʻohune, hoʻoʻilihune; Hebrew: עָנִי, דלת העם; Hindi: ग़रीब, दीन, फ़क़ीर, फकीर, मिस्कीन, बेचारा, गरीब; Hungarian: szegény; Icelandic: fátækur; Ido: povra; Indonesian: miskin; Ingush: къе; Interlingua: povre; Inuktitut Inuttut: ajutsak, annguvik; Irish: bocht, daibhir; Italian: [[povero]]; Japanese: 貧しい, 貧乏な; Javanese: mlarat; Kazakh: кедей, жарлы; Khmer: ក្រ; Korean: 가난하다, 빈곤하다; Kumyk: пакъыр; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەست کورت, ھەژار, فەقیر; Northern Kurdish: feqîr, xizan; Kyrgyz: жарды, кедей; Ladin: puere; Ladino Latin: prove; Lao: ຈົນ, ທຸກຈົນ; Latin: [[pauper]], [[egens]]; Latvian: nabags; Ligurian: pöveo, poveru; Limburgish: erm; Lithuanian: skurdus, vargingas; Livonian: joutõm; Lombard: pover, por; Luxembourgish: aarm; Lü: ᦷᦑᧅᦕᦱᧃ; Macedonian: сиромашен; Malay: miskin; Maltese: fqir; Maori: pōhara; Maranao: miskin; Marathi: गरीब, दीन; Mirandese: probe; Mongolian Cyrillic: ядуу; Navajo: doo atʼį́į da; Norman: pauvre, pouôrre; Northern Sami: geafi; Norwegian Bokmål: fattig, blakk; Occitan: paure; Old English: earm; Pashto: بېچاره, غريب, فقير; Persian: فقیر, مسکین; Piedmontese: pòver; Plautdietsch: oam; Polish: biedny, ubogi; Portuguese: [[pobre]], [[necessitado]], [[humilde]], [[empobrecido]]; Quechua: wakcha; Romani: ćorro; Romanian: sărac, sărman, pauper, mizer, nevoiaș; Romansch: pauper, pover; Russian: [[бедный]], [[нищий]]; Sanskrit: दीन, ध्रिगु; Sardinian: poaru, pobaru, poberu; Scottish Gaelic: truagh, bochd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сиро̀машан, у̏бог, бе̑дан, бије̑дан; Roman: siròmašan, ȕbog, bȇdan, bijȇdan; Sicilian: pòviru, pòvuru, povru; Slovak: chudobný, biedny; Slovene: reven, ubog; Somali: sabool; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: chudy; Upper Sorbian: chudy; Southern Altai: бакыр, јоксус, јокту; Spanish: [[pobre]]; Swahili: maskini; Swedish: fattig; Tagalog: mahirap, dukha, maralita; Tajik: камбағал, бечора, фақир; Tatar: ярлы, фәкыйрь; Telugu: బీద, పేద; Thai: จน, ยากจน; Tibetan: སྐྱོ་པོ; Tocharian B: snaitstse; Turkish: fakir, yoksul, züğürt, fukara, kembağal; Turkmen: garyp, biçäre; Udi: касиб; Udmurt: куанер; Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎁𐎊𐎐; Ukrainian: бі́дний; Urdu: غریب, دین; Uyghur: كەمبەغەل, پېقىر, بىچارە; Uzbek: kambagʻal, faqir, gʻarib, bechora; Venetian: poro, poaro, povaro, pore; Vietnamese: nghèo, khó; Volapük: pöfik; Walloon: pôve, målureus; Welsh: tlawd, llwm; West Frisian: earm; Yiddish: אָרעם, דלותדיק, בדלות | |trtx====[[poor]]=== | ||
Aghwan: 𐕄𐔼𐕎𐕒𐕡𐔸; Albanian: varfër; Alemannic German: àrm; Arabic: فَقِير; Egyptian Arabic: فقير; Hijazi Arabic: فقير; Armenian: աղքատ, չքավոր, քյասիբ; Aromanian: aruptu, discultsu, caimen, ftoh, ftohu, oarfãn, fucãrã; Asturian: probe; Azerbaijani: kasıb, yoxsul, fağır, füqəra, fağır-füqarə, kasıb-kusub, imkansız; Bashkir: ярлы; Basque: behartsu; Belarusian: бедны; Bengali: গরিব, মিসকিন, বেচারা; Bikol Central: pobre, mahidap; Breton: paour; Bulgarian: беден; Burmese: ဆင်းရဲ; Catalan: pobre; Chamicuro: pople; Chinese Cantonese: 窮, 穷; Mandarin: 貧窮, 贫穷, 貧乏, 贫乏, 窮, 穷; Min Dong: 窮, 穷; Czech: chudý; Dalmatian: pauper; Danish: fattig; Dutch: [[arm]], [[armoedig]], [[berooid]]; Elfdalian: fattin; Emilian: pôver; English: [[almsless]], [[badly off]], [[bankrupt]], [[beggared]], [[beggarly]], [[boracic]], [[broke]], [[broken]], [[broker than the Ten Commandments]], [[dead broke]], [[destitute]], [[dirt poor]], [[down and out]], [[down on one's luck]], [[down on one's uppers]], [[empty-handed]], [[flat]], [[flat broke]], [[hard up]], [[impecunious]], [[impoverished]], [[in need]], [[indigent]], [[insolvent]], [[lower-class]], [[necessitous]], [[needy]], [[oofless]], [[pauperized]], [[penniless]], [[penurious]], [[pinched]], [[poor]], [[poor as a church mouse]], [[poor as a rat]], [[poor as Job]], [[possessionless]], [[poverty-ridden]], [[poverty-stricken]], [[shillingless]], [[skint]], [[stone-broke]], [[stony-broke]], [[strapped]], [[wealthless]]; Esperanto: malriĉa; Estonian: vaene; Faroese: fátækur; Finnish: köyhä; French: [[pauvre]]; Friulian: puar, pùar; Galician: pobre; Georgian: ღარიბი; German: [[arm]]; Pennsylvania German: arm, aarem; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌻𐌴𐌸𐍃, 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃; Greek: [[φτωχός]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄβιος]], [[ἀβούτης]], [[ἀδύνατος χρήμασι]], [[ἀκέρμις]], [[ἄκληρος]], [[ἀκτέανος]], [[ἀκτήμων]], [[ἀκτήν]], [[ἀλειφόβιος]], [[ἀμαζών]], [[ἄνολβος]], [[ἄπλουτος]], [[ἄπορος]], [[ἀραιός]], [[ἀσθενής]], [[ἀτελής]], [[αὐτολήκυθος]], [[ἀχήν]], [[ἀχρήματος]], [[ἀχρήμων]], [[ἄχρυσος]], [[ἀχύρμιος]], [[γλίσχρος]], [[γυμνηλός]], [[γυμνής]], [[δυσείμων]], [[δύσπορος]], [[κεχρημένος]], [[λιπερνής]], [[λιποδεής]], [[λισσός]], [[λιτός]], [[λυπρός]], [[πενέστης]], [[πένης]], [[πτωχός]], [[σπανιστικός]], [[σπανιστός]], [[χερνάς]], [[χερνής]], [[χερνήτης]], [[χρεῖος]]; Greenlandic: piitsoq; Hawaiian: hoʻohune, hoʻoʻilihune; Hebrew: עָנִי, דלת העם; Hindi: ग़रीब, दीन, फ़क़ीर, फकीर, मिस्कीन, बेचारा, गरीब; Hungarian: szegény; Icelandic: fátækur; Ido: povra; Indonesian: miskin; Ingush: къе; Interlingua: povre; Inuktitut Inuttut: ajutsak, annguvik; Irish: bocht, daibhir; Italian: [[povero]]; Japanese: 貧しい, 貧乏な; Javanese: mlarat; Kazakh: кедей, жарлы; Khmer: ក្រ; Korean: 가난하다, 빈곤하다; Kumyk: пакъыр; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەست کورت, ھەژار, فەقیر; Northern Kurdish: feqîr, xizan; Kyrgyz: жарды, кедей; Ladin: puere; Ladino Latin: prove; Lao: ຈົນ, ທຸກຈົນ; Latin: [[pauper]], [[egens]]; Latvian: nabags; Ligurian: pöveo, poveru; Limburgish: erm; Lithuanian: skurdus, vargingas; Livonian: joutõm; Lombard: pover, por; Luxembourgish: aarm; Lü: ᦷᦑᧅᦕᦱᧃ; Macedonian: сиромашен; Malay: miskin; Maltese: fqir; Maori: pōhara; Maranao: miskin; Marathi: गरीब, दीन; Mirandese: probe; Mongolian Cyrillic: ядуу; Navajo: doo atʼį́į da; Norman: pauvre, pouôrre; Northern Sami: geafi; Norwegian Bokmål: fattig, blakk; Occitan: paure; Old English: earm; Pashto: بېچاره, غريب, فقير; Persian: فقیر, مسکین; Piedmontese: pòver; Plautdietsch: oam; Polish: biedny, ubogi; Portuguese: [[pobre]], [[necessitado]], [[humilde]], [[empobrecido]]; Quechua: wakcha; Romani: ćorro; Romanian: sărac, sărman, pauper, mizer, nevoiaș; Romansch: pauper, pover; Russian: [[бедный]], [[нищий]]; Sanskrit: दीन, ध्रिगु; Sardinian: poaru, pobaru, poberu; Scottish Gaelic: truagh, bochd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сиро̀машан, у̏бог, бе̑дан, бије̑дан; Roman: siròmašan, ȕbog, bȇdan, bijȇdan; Sicilian: pòviru, pòvuru, povru; Slovak: chudobný, biedny; Slovene: reven, ubog; Somali: sabool; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: chudy; Upper Sorbian: chudy; Southern Altai: бакыр, јоксус, јокту; Spanish: [[pobre]]; Swahili: maskini; Swedish: fattig; Tagalog: mahirap, dukha, maralita; Tajik: камбағал, бечора, фақир; Tatar: ярлы, фәкыйрь; Telugu: బీద, పేద; Thai: จน, ยากจน; Tibetan: སྐྱོ་པོ; Tocharian B: snaitstse; Turkish: fakir, yoksul, züğürt, fukara, kembağal; Turkmen: garyp, biçäre; Udi: касиб; Udmurt: куанер; Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎁𐎊𐎐; Ukrainian: бі́дний; Urdu: غریب, دین; Uyghur: كەمبەغەل, پېقىر, بىچارە; Uzbek: kambagʻal, faqir, gʻarib, bechora; Venetian: poro, poaro, povaro, pore; Vietnamese: nghèo, khó; Volapük: pöfik; Walloon: pôve, målureus; Welsh: tlawd, llwm; West Frisian: earm; Yiddish: אָרעם, דלותדיק, בדלות | |||
===[[beggar]]=== | |||
Albanian: lypës; Arabic: سَائِل; Egyptian Arabic: شحات; Hijazi Arabic: شَحَّات; Moroccan Arabic: سعاي, طلاب; Armenian: մուրացկան; Aromanian: tsiritor, tsiritonj, tsiripãni, dicunjar, proseac, pitaci, zicljar; Asturian: méndigu; Azerbaijani: dilənçi; Baluchi: پکیر, فقیر, پنڈوک; Bashkir: хәйерсе; Belarusian: жабрак, жабрачка; Bengali: ভিক্ষুক, ফকির; Bulgarian: просяк, просякиня; Burmese: သူတောင်းစား; Catalan: mendicant, captaire; Chinese Mandarin: 乞丐, 叫花子, 花子; Czech: žebrák, žebračka; Danish: tigger, tiggerske, betler, betlerske; Dutch: [[bedelaar]], [[bedelaarster]], [[bedelares]]; Esperanto: almozulo, almozulino, almozisto, almozistino; Estonian: kerjus; Faroese: biddari; Finnish: kerjäläinen; French: [[gueux]], [[mendiant]], [[mendiante]], [[quêteux]]; Galician: mendigo, mendiga, mendicante; Georgian: მათხოვარი; German: [[Bettler]], [[Bettlerin]], [[Bettelmann]], [[Bettelfrau]], [[Bettelweib]], [[Bettelbruder]], [[Bettelschwester]], [[Pracher]], [[Pracherin]]; Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍅𐌰; Greek: [[ζητιάνος]], [[ζητιάνα]], [[επαίτης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀγύρτης]], [[ἐπαίτης]], [[ἐπίμαστος]], [[μεταίτης]], [[πένης]], [[προΐκτης]], [[προσαίτης]], [[πτωχός]]; Hebrew: קַבּצָן; Hindi: याचक, भिक्षुक, भिखमंगा, भिखारी, भिखारिन; Hungarian: koldus; Icelandic: betlari, beiningamaður; Indonesian: pengemis; Ingrian: keräjä, kerrääläin; Irish: sirtheoir, bacach; Italian: [[mendicante]]; Japanese: 乞食; Khmer: អ្នកសុំទាន; Korean: 걸개(乞丐), 거지, 걸인(乞人); Lao: ຄົນຂໍທານ; Latin: [[mendicus]]; Latvian: ubags, ubadze; Lithuanian: elgeta; Macedonian: питач, питачка, просјак, просјачка; Malay: pengemis; Malayalam: ഭിക്ഷക്കാരൻ, യാചകൻ; Maltese: tallab; Manchu: ᡤᡳᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣ; Marathi: भिकारी; Middle English: beggere; Mongolian Cyrillic: гуйлгачин; Navajo: adókeedí; Ngazidja Comorian: mmezi; Norman: bédgeux, pouqu'teux; North Frisian Föhr-Amrum: beedler, trögel, beedelmaan; Norwegian Bokmål: tigger, betler, betlerske; Nynorsk: tiggar; Pali: yācaka; Devanagari: याचक; Thai: ยาจก; Persian Dari: گَدَا; Iranian Persian: گِدا; Plautdietsch: Pracha; Polish: żebrak, żebraczka; Portuguese: [[mendigo]], [[mendiga]], [[pedinte]]; Punjabi: ਮੰਗਤਾ, ਮੰਗਤੀ; Romani: čororo; Romanian: cerșetor, cerșetoare; Russian: [[попрошайка]], [[нищеброд]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: про̏сја̄к, просја̀киња; Roman: prȍsjāk, prosjàkinja; Shan: ၵူၼ်းယွၼ်း; Sicilian: addumanneri, addumannera; Slovak: žobrák, žobráčka; Slovene: berač, beračica; Spanish: [[mendigo]], [[mendiga]], [[pordiosero]], [[mendicante]], [[limosnero]]; Swahili: mwombaji, ombaomba; Swedish: tiggare, tiggerska, bettlare, bettlerska; Tagalog: pulubi, tanglo; Tajik: гадо; Thai: ขอทาน; Tibetan: སྤྲང་པོ; Tocharian B: yaṣṣuca; Turkish: dilenci; Tuvan: диленчи; Ukrainian: жебрак, жебрачка; Urdu: بِھکاری, بِھکھاری, یاچَک, بِھکْشُک; Uzbek: gadoy, tilanchi; Vietnamese: ăn xin, ăn mày; Volapük: lubegan, hilubegan, jilubegan, lubeganef, hilubeganef, jilubeganef; Yakut: умнаһыт; Zhuang: gaujvaq | |||
}} | }} | ||
Latest revision as of 10:14, 15 February 2024
English (LSJ)
-ητος, ὁ, (πένομαι)
A one who works for his living, day-labourer, poor man, opp. πλούσιος, Democr.283; opp. δυνάμενος, Archyt.3; πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ βίος... ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα· τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα Ar.Pl. 553; οἱ π. αὐτῶν Hdt.1.133, 2.47; πλούσιος ἐκ πένητος Lys.1.4; πένητες ἄνθρωποι Hdt.8.51; οἷ' ἀνὴρ πένης S.Ph.584; πένης ἵππος X. Oec. 11.5.
II as adjective, π. δόμοι E. El.1139: c. neut., ἐν πένητι σώματι ib. 372: c. gen., χρημάτων πένητες poor in money, ib.38; π. φίλων Pl.Ep.332c; π. ἀπολογίας Luc. Apol. 11: Comp. πενέστερος X.Ath.1.13: Sup. πενέστατος D.21.123.
German (Pape)
[Seite 554] ητος, ὁ, eigtl. der sich sein tägliches Brot erarbeitet (πένομαι) der Arme, Dürftige; Soph. Phil. 580; Ar. Plut. 553 Eccl. 566; Eur. oft; πένητες ἄνθρωποι, Her. 8, 51; im Gegensatz von πλούσιοι, Dem. 24, 124, wie Plat. Prot. 319 d; καὶ φειδωλός, Legg. IV, 719 e; καὶ ἄπορος, Rep. VIII, 552 a; auch τινός, arm an Etwas, z. B. πένης γὰρ ἦν ἀνδρῶν φίλων καὶ πιστῶν, Ep. VII, 332 c; nach Xen. Mem. 4, 2, 37 ὁ μὴ ἱκανὰ ἔχων εἰς ἃ δεῖ τελεῖν; Folgde; βίος, Antp. Th. 47 (IX, 23). – Das tem. πένησσα erwähnt Hesych. – Compar. πενέστερος, Xen. Ath. 1, 13; Plut. auch superl. πενέστατος.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ητος;
adj.
pauvre, indigent (propr. qui travaille pour vivre) ; avec un gén. pauvre de, qui manque de;
Cp. πενέστερος, Sp. πενέστατος.
Étymologie: πένομαι.
Dutch (Woordenboekgrieks.nl)
πένης -ητος [πένομαι] adj. en subst.; comp. πενέστερος, superl. πενέστατος, arm, behoeftig; ook met gen.. χρημάτων πένητες lieden zonder geld Eur. El. 38.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
πένης: ητος adj. (compar. πενέστερος, superl. πενέστατος) бедный, неимущий (ἄνθρωποι Her.; ἀνήρ Soph.; δόμος, σῶμα Eur.): π. χρημάτων Eur. не имеющий состояния, неимущий.
ητος ὁ бедняк Her., Arph. etc.
English (Strong)
from a primary peno (to toil for daily subsistence); starving, i.e. indigent: poor. Compare πτωχός.
English (Thayer)
πένητος, ὁ (πένομαι to work for one's living; the Latin penuria and Greek πεινάω are akin to it (cf. Vanicek, p. 1164); hence, πένης equivalent to ἐκ πόνου καί ἐνεργείας τό ζῆν ἔχων, Etym. Magn.), poor: Sophocles and Herodotus down; the Sept. for אֶבְיון, עָנִי, דַּל, רָשׁ, etc.) [ SYNONYMS: πένης, πτωχός: "πένης occurs but once in the N.T., and then in a quotation from the O. T., while πτωχός occurs between thirty and forty times .... The πένης may be so poor that he earns his bread by daily labor; the πτωχός that he only obtains his living by begging." Trench, § xxxvi.; cf. Schmidt, chapter 85,4; chapter 186.]
Greek Monolingual
και πένητας, ο / πένης, -ητος, ΝΜΑ
αυτός που τα εισοδήματά του μόλις και μετά βίας επαρκούν για τη διατροφή του, φτωχός
αρχ.
1. (με γεν.) αυτός που στερείται κάτι, ενδεής («χρημάτων πένητες», Ευρ.)
2. ως επίθ. φτωχικός.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < πένομαι (πρβλ. κέλης < κέλομαι)].
Greek Monotonic
πένης: -ητος, ὁ (πένομαι)·
I. αυτός που δουλεύει για το καθημερινό ψωμί του, μεροκαματιάρης, φτωχός άνθρωπος, που διακρίνεται από τον πτωχόν (ζητιάνος), σε Ηρόδ., Σοφ. κ.λπ.
II. ως επίθ. λέγεται για φτωχό άνθρωπο, δόμος, σε Ευρ.· ἐν πένητι σώματι, στον ίδ.· με γεν., πένης χρημάτων, φτωχός από χρήματα, στον ίδ.· πένης φίλων, σε Πλάτ.· συγκρ. πενέστερος, σε Ξεν.· υπερθ. πενέστατος, σε Δημ.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
πένης: -ητος, ὁ, (πένομαι) ὁ ἐργαζόμενος διὰ τὸν καθημερινὸν αὑτοῦ ἄρτον, ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἐργατικῆς τάξεως, οὐχὶ εὔπορος, ἀλλὰ ῥητῶς τίθεται ὑπεράνω τοῦ πτωχοῦ, (= ἐπαίτου), πτωχοῦ μὲν γὰρ βίος .. ζῆν μὲν ἐστὶν μηδὲν ἔχοντα· τοὺ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις προσέχοντα Ἀριστοφ. Πλ. 553· οἱ ὑπ’ αὐτῶν Ἡρόδ. 1. 133., 2. 47· ἐκ πένητος, πλούσιος Λυσ. 92. 12· πένητες ἄνθρωποι Ἡρόδ. 8.51· οἷ’ ἀνὴρ π. Σοφ. Φ. 584· ἐπὶ τὸ ἀστειότερον, π. ἵππος Ξεν. Οἰκ. 11, 5. ΙΙ. ὡς ἐπίθ., π. δόμος Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 1139· καὶ μετ’ οὐδ., ἐν πένητι σώματι αὐτόθι 372· μετὰ γεν., π. χρημάτων, ἐνδεὴς χρημάτων, αὐτόθι 38· π. φίλων, ἐστερημένος φίλων, Πλάτ. Ἐπιστ. 332C· π. ἀπολογίας Λουκ. Ἀπολ. 11· - ὡσαύτως θηλ. ἡ πένησσα, «πέννησα· πτωχὴ» Ἡσύχ.· - συγκρ. πενέστερος, Ξεν. Ἀθην. 1, 13· ὑπερθ. πενέστατος, Δημ. 555. 11.
Frisk Etymological English
Meaning: poor,
Derivatives: πενία poverty
See also: s. πένομαι.
Middle Liddell
πένης, ητος, ὁ, πένομαι
I. one who works for his daily bread, a day-labourer, a poor man, distinguished from πτωχός (beggar), Hdt., Soph., etc.
II. as adj. of a poor man, δόμος Eur.; ἐν πένητι σώματι Eur.: c. gen., π. χρημάτων poor in money, Eur.; π. φίλων Plat.:— comp. πενέστερος Xen.; Sup. πενέστατος Dem.
Frisk Etymology German
πένης: {pénēs}
Meaning: arm,
Derivative: πενία Armut
See also: s. πένομαι.
Page 2,504
Chinese
原文音譯：pšnhj 胚尼士
詞類次數：形容詞（1）
原文字根：作苦工 相當於： （אֶבְיׄון） （דַּל） （רוּשׁ）
字義溯源：貧窮，缺乏，在工作的；源自（πεντηκοστή）X*=辛勞）。比較 （πτωχός）=乞丐，窮人。
同義字：1） （πένης）貧窮 2） （πενιχρός）窮困的 3） （πτωχός）窮人
出現次數：總共（1）；林後（1）
譯字彙編：
1） 貧窮的（1） 林後9:9
Mantoulidis Etymological
(=φτωχός, ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἐργατικῆς τάξης). Ἀπό τό πένομαι, ὅπου δές γιά περισσότερα παράγωγα.
Translations
poor
Aghwan: 𐕄𐔼𐕎𐕒𐕡𐔸; Albanian: varfër; Alemannic German: àrm; Arabic: فَقِير; Egyptian Arabic: فقير; Hijazi Arabic: فقير; Armenian: աղքատ, չքավոր, քյասիբ; Aromanian: aruptu, discultsu, caimen, ftoh, ftohu, oarfãn, fucãrã; Asturian: probe; Azerbaijani: kasıb, yoxsul, fağır, füqəra, fağır-füqarə, kasıb-kusub, imkansız; Bashkir: ярлы; Basque: behartsu; Belarusian: бедны; Bengali: গরিব, মিসকিন, বেচারা; Bikol Central: pobre, mahidap; Breton: paour; Bulgarian: беден; Burmese: ဆင်းရဲ; Catalan: pobre; Chamicuro: pople; Chinese Cantonese: 窮, 穷; Mandarin: 貧窮, 贫穷, 貧乏, 贫乏, 窮, 穷; Min Dong: 窮, 穷; Czech: chudý; Dalmatian: pauper; Danish: fattig; Dutch: arm, armoedig, berooid; Elfdalian: fattin; Emilian: pôver; English: almsless, badly off, bankrupt, beggared, beggarly, boracic, broke, broken, broker than the Ten Commandments, dead broke, destitute, dirt poor, down and out, down on one's luck, down on one's uppers, empty-handed, flat, flat broke, hard up, impecunious, impoverished, in need, indigent, insolvent, lower-class, necessitous, needy, oofless, pauperized, penniless, penurious, pinched, poor, poor as a church mouse, poor as a rat, poor as Job, possessionless, poverty-ridden, poverty-stricken, shillingless, skint, stone-broke, stony-broke, strapped, wealthless; Esperanto: malriĉa; Estonian: vaene; Faroese: fátækur; Finnish: köyhä; French: pauvre; Friulian: puar, pùar; Galician: pobre; Georgian: ღარიბი; German: arm; Pennsylvania German: arm, aarem; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌻𐌴𐌸𐍃, 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃; Greek: φτωχός; Ancient Greek: ἄβιος, ἀβούτης, ἀδύνατος χρήμασι, ἀκέρμις, ἄκληρος, ἀκτέανος, ἀκτήμων, ἀκτήν, ἀλειφόβιος, ἀμαζών, ἄνολβος, ἄπλουτος, ἄπορος, ἀραιός, ἀσθενής, ἀτελής, αὐτολήκυθος, ἀχήν, ἀχρήματος, ἀχρήμων, ἄχρυσος, ἀχύρμιος, γλίσχρος, γυμνηλός, γυμνής, δυσείμων, δύσπορος, κεχρημένος, λιπερνής, λιποδεής, λισσός, λιτός, λυπρός, πενέστης, πένης, πτωχός, σπανιστικός, σπανιστός, χερνάς, χερνής, χερνήτης, χρεῖος; Greenlandic: piitsoq; Hawaiian: hoʻohune, hoʻoʻilihune; Hebrew: עָנִי, דלת העם; Hindi: ग़रीब, दीन, फ़क़ीर, फकीर, मिस्कीन, बेचारा, गरीब; Hungarian: szegény; Icelandic: fátækur; Ido: povra; Indonesian: miskin; Ingush: къе; Interlingua: povre; Inuktitut Inuttut: ajutsak, annguvik; Irish: bocht, daibhir; Italian: povero; Japanese: 貧しい, 貧乏な; Javanese: mlarat; Kazakh: кедей, жарлы; Khmer: ក្រ; Korean: 가난하다, 빈곤하다; Kumyk: пакъыр; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەست کورت, ھەژار, فەقیر; Northern Kurdish: feqîr, xizan; Kyrgyz: жарды, кедей; Ladin: puere; Ladino Latin: prove; Lao: ຈົນ, ທຸກຈົນ; Latin: pauper, egens; Latvian: nabags; Ligurian: pöveo, poveru; Limburgish: erm; Lithuanian: skurdus, vargingas; Livonian: joutõm; Lombard: pover, por; Luxembourgish: aarm; Lü: ᦷᦑᧅᦕᦱᧃ; Macedonian: сиромашен; Malay: miskin; Maltese: fqir; Maori: pōhara; Maranao: miskin; Marathi: गरीब, दीन; Mirandese: probe; Mongolian Cyrillic: ядуу; Navajo: doo atʼį́į da; Norman: pauvre, pouôrre; Northern Sami: geafi; Norwegian Bokmål: fattig, blakk; Occitan: paure; Old English: earm; Pashto: بېچاره, غريب, فقير; Persian: فقیر, مسکین; Piedmontese: pòver; Plautdietsch: oam; Polish: biedny, ubogi; Portuguese: pobre, necessitado, humilde, empobrecido; Quechua: wakcha; Romani: ćorro; Romanian: sărac, sărman, pauper, mizer, nevoiaș; Romansch: pauper, pover; Russian: бедный, нищий; Sanskrit: दीन, ध्रिगु; Sardinian: poaru, pobaru, poberu; Scottish Gaelic: truagh, bochd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сиро̀машан, у̏бог, бе̑дан, бије̑дан; Roman: siròmašan, ȕbog, bȇdan, bijȇdan; Sicilian: pòviru, pòvuru, povru; Slovak: chudobný, biedny; Slovene: reven, ubog; Somali: sabool; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: chudy; Upper Sorbian: chudy; Southern Altai: бакыр, јоксус, јокту; Spanish: pobre; Swahili: maskini; Swedish: fattig; Tagalog: mahirap, dukha, maralita; Tajik: камбағал, бечора, фақир; Tatar: ярлы, фәкыйрь; Telugu: బీద, పేద; Thai: จน, ยากจน; Tibetan: སྐྱོ་པོ; Tocharian B: snaitstse; Turkish: fakir, yoksul, züğürt, fukara, kembağal; Turkmen: garyp, biçäre; Udi: касиб; Udmurt: куанер; Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎁𐎊𐎐; Ukrainian: бі́дний; Urdu: غریب, دین; Uyghur: كەمبەغەل, پېقىر, بىچارە; Uzbek: kambagʻal, faqir, gʻarib, bechora; Venetian: poro, poaro, povaro, pore; Vietnamese: nghèo, khó; Volapük: pöfik; Walloon: pôve, målureus; Welsh: tlawd, llwm; West Frisian: earm; Yiddish: אָרעם, דלותדיק, בדלות
beggar
Albanian: lypës; Arabic: سَائِل; Egyptian Arabic: شحات; Hijazi Arabic: شَحَّات; Moroccan Arabic: سعاي, طلاب; Armenian: մուրացկան; Aromanian: tsiritor, tsiritonj, tsiripãni, dicunjar, proseac, pitaci, zicljar; Asturian: méndigu; Azerbaijani: dilənçi; Baluchi: پکیر, فقیر, پنڈوک; Bashkir: хәйерсе; Belarusian: жабрак, жабрачка; Bengali: ভিক্ষুক, ফকির; Bulgarian: просяк, просякиня; Burmese: သူတောင်းစား; Catalan: mendicant, captaire; Chinese Mandarin: 乞丐, 叫花子, 花子; Czech: žebrák, žebračka; Danish: tigger, tiggerske, betler, betlerske; Dutch: bedelaar, bedelaarster, bedelares; Esperanto: almozulo, almozulino, almozisto, almozistino; Estonian: kerjus; Faroese: biddari; Finnish: kerjäläinen; French: gueux, mendiant, mendiante, quêteux; Galician: mendigo, mendiga, mendicante; Georgian: მათხოვარი; German: Bettler, Bettlerin, Bettelmann, Bettelfrau, Bettelweib, Bettelbruder, Bettelschwester, Pracher, Pracherin; Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍅𐌰; Greek: ζητιάνος, ζητιάνα, επαίτης; Ancient Greek: ἀγύρτης, ἐπαίτης, ἐπίμαστος, μεταίτης, πένης, προΐκτης, προσαίτης, πτωχός; Hebrew: קַבּצָן; Hindi: याचक, भिक्षुक, भिखमंगा, भिखारी, भिखारिन; Hungarian: koldus; Icelandic: betlari, beiningamaður; Indonesian: pengemis; Ingrian: keräjä, kerrääläin; Irish: sirtheoir, bacach; Italian: mendicante; Japanese: 乞食; Khmer: អ្នកសុំទាន; Korean: 걸개(乞丐), 거지, 걸인(乞人); Lao: ຄົນຂໍທານ; Latin: mendicus; Latvian: ubags, ubadze; Lithuanian: elgeta; Macedonian: питач, питачка, просјак, просјачка; Malay: pengemis; Malayalam: ഭിക്ഷക്കാരൻ, യാചകൻ; Maltese: tallab; Manchu: ᡤᡳᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣ; Marathi: भिकारी; Middle English: beggere; Mongolian Cyrillic: гуйлгачин; Navajo: adókeedí; Ngazidja Comorian: mmezi; Norman: bédgeux, pouqu'teux; North Frisian Föhr-Amrum: beedler, trögel, beedelmaan; Norwegian Bokmål: tigger, betler, betlerske; Nynorsk: tiggar; Pali: yācaka; Devanagari: याचक; Thai: ยาจก; Persian Dari: گَدَا; Iranian Persian: گِدا; Plautdietsch: Pracha; Polish: żebrak, żebraczka; Portuguese: mendigo, mendiga, pedinte; Punjabi: ਮੰਗਤਾ, ਮੰਗਤੀ; Romani: čororo; Romanian: cerșetor, cerșetoare; Russian: попрошайка, нищеброд; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: про̏сја̄к, просја̀киња; Roman: prȍsjāk, prosjàkinja; Shan: ၵူၼ်းယွၼ်း; Sicilian: addumanneri, addumannera; Slovak: žobrák, žobráčka; Slovene: berač, beračica; Spanish: mendigo, mendiga, pordiosero, mendicante, limosnero; Swahili: mwombaji, ombaomba; Swedish: tiggare, tiggerska, bettlare, bettlerska; Tagalog: pulubi, tanglo; Tajik: гадо; Thai: ขอทาน; Tibetan: སྤྲང་པོ; Tocharian B: yaṣṣuca; Turkish: dilenci; Tuvan: диленчи; Ukrainian: жебрак, жебрачка; Urdu: بِھکاری, بِھکھاری, یاچَک, بِھکْشُک; Uzbek: gadoy, tilanchi; Vietnamese: ăn xin, ăn mày; Volapük: lubegan, hilubegan, jilubegan, lubeganef, hilubeganef, jilubeganef; Yakut: умнаһыт; Zhuang: gaujvaq
