μάσταξ: Difference between revisions
ἀμήχανον δὲ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς ἐκμαθεῖν ψυχήν τε καὶ φρόνημα καὶ γνώμην, πρὶν ἂν ἀρχαῖς τε καὶ νόμοισιν ἐντριβὴς φανῇ → hard it is to learn the mind of any mortal or the heart, 'till he be tried in chief authority | it is impossible to know fully any man's character, will, or judgment, until he has been proved by the test of rule and law-giving
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|Transliteration C=mastaks | |Transliteration C=mastaks | ||
|Beta Code=ma/stac | |Beta Code=ma/stac | ||
|Definition=ᾰκος, ἡ (Lyc.687), (μασάομαι) < | |Definition=ᾰκος, ἡ (Lyc.687), ([[μασάομαι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[that with which one chews]], [[mouth]], [[jaws]], <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζε</b> he stopped his [[mouth]] with his hands, Od.4.287; <b class="b3">με… ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν</b> seizing me by the [[mouth]], 23.76, cf. Alcm.144; ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασι Lyc. l. c.; μάστακι ποππύζων ''AP''5.284.6 (Agath.), cf. 293.16 (Id.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> v. [[μύσταξ]].<br><span class="bld">II</span> = [[μάσημα]], [[mouthful]], [[morsel]], ὡς δ' ὄρνις ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ', ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι Il.9.324, cf. Eust.753.62; μάστακα δοῖσα τέκνοισιν Theoc.14.39; of the olive, Call.''Iamb.''1.271; others expl. in Il. l. c. as dat. [[μάστακι]] [[in its beak]], Apollon.''Lex.'' [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[μάσταξ]], Plu.2.494d.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[locust]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''716, Nic.''Th.''802, Clitarch. ''Glossaria'' ap. ''EM''216.9. (Cf. [[μέστακα]].) | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0098.png Seite 98]] ακος, ἡ, der [[Mund]] (mit dem man kau't, [[μασάομαι]]), VLL. erkl. [[στόμα]]; Ὀδυσεὺς ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, Od. 4, 287, hielt den Mund zu, ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν, 23, 76. – Auch ein Mundvoll Speise, vom Vogel, der seinen Jungen Nahrung im Schnabel zuträgt, ὡς δ' [[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ' [[ἐπεί]] κε λάβῃσιν, Il. 9, 324; od. nach anderen alten Erkl. μάστακι, mit dem Schnabel, vgl. Spitzner zur Stelle, u. Theocr. 14, 39, der offenbar Hom. nachahmte; Hesych. erkl. τὴν μεμασσημένην τροφήν. –In der Bdtg [[Mund]] auch bei sp. D., Agath. 6. 8 (V, 285. 294). – Bei den Späteren die Oberlippe u. der auf derselben wachsende Schnurrbart od. Schnauzbart, dorisch [[μύσταξ]], w. m. s. – Auch eine Heuschreckenart, weil sie Alles verzehrt, Soph. frg. 642 bei Phot., Nic. Th. 802. | |ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0098.png Seite 98]] ακος, ἡ, der [[Mund]] (mit dem man kau't, [[μασάομαι]]), VLL. erkl. [[στόμα]]; Ὀδυσεὺς ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, Od. 4, 287, hielt den Mund zu, ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν, 23, 76. – Auch ein Mundvoll Speise, vom Vogel, der seinen Jungen Nahrung im Schnabel zuträgt, ὡς δ' [[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ' [[ἐπεί]] κε λάβῃσιν, Il. 9, 324; od. nach anderen alten Erkl. μάστακι, mit dem Schnabel, vgl. Spitzner zur Stelle, u. Theocr. 14, 39, der offenbar Hom. nachahmte; Hesych. erkl. τὴν μεμασσημένην τροφήν. –In der Bdtg [[Mund]] auch bei sp. D., Agath. 6. 8 (V, 285. 294). – Bei den Späteren die Oberlippe u. der auf derselben wachsende Schnurrbart od. Schnauzbart, dorisch [[μύσταξ]], w. m. s. – Auch eine Heuschreckenart, weil sie Alles verzehrt, Soph. frg. 642 bei Phot., Nic. Th. 802. | ||
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{{bailly | |||
|btext=ακος (ἡ) :<br /><b>1</b> [[bouche]];<br /><b>2</b> [[pâtée que les oiseaux donnent à leurs petits]];<br /><b>3</b> sorte de sauterelle vorace, <i>insecte</i>.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[μάσσω]]. | |||
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{{elru | |||
|elrutext='''μάσταξ:''' ᾰκος ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[рот]]: ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πιέζειν Hom. зажать рот руками;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[пища в зобу]] Theocr.: ὡς δ᾽ [[ὄρνις]] νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ᾽ (= μάστακα) Hom. словно птица приносит птенцам корм ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] μάστακι, т. е. в клюве);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[саранча]] (неизвестная разновидность) Soph. | |||
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{{ls | {{ls | ||
|lstext='''μάσταξ''': -ᾰκος, ἡ (Λυκόφρ. 687), ἐνῷ τὸ Λακων. καὶ Δωρ. [[μύσταξ]] [[εἶναι]] ἀρσεν.· ([[μασάομαι]])· - τὸ δι’ οὗ τις μασᾶται, τὸ [[στόμα]], ἢ αἱ σιαγόνες, ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, ἔφραττε τὸ [[στόμα]] διὰ τῶν χειρῶν του, Ὀδ. Δ. 287· [[οὕτως]], [[ἑλεῖν]] ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶν Ψ. 76, πρβλ. Ἀλκμᾶνα 136· ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασι Λυκόφρ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ.· μάστακι ποππύζων Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 285, πρβλ. 294. 16. 2) ἴδε ἐν λ. [[μύσταξ]]. II.= [[μάσημα]], [[ἔνθεσις]], «βουκιά», ἐν Ἰλ. Ι. 324, ἐπὶ πτηνοῦ τρέφοντος τὰ [[ἑαυτοῦ]] νεογνά, ὡς δ’ [[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ’, ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι, - τὸ μάστακ’ λαμβάνεται ὡς ἡ αἰτ. μάστακα, ἴδε Εὐστ. 753. 62, Ἡσύχ., κλ., πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 14. 39· ἐνῷ ἕτεροι ἐκλαμβάνουσιν αὐτὸ ὡς τὴν δοτ. μάστακι, διὰ τοῦ ῥάμφους του, Ἀπολλων. Λεξ. 445, Πλούτ. 2. 80Α, 494D. III. [[εἶδος]] ἀκρίδος, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 642, Νικ. Θ. 802. | |lstext='''μάσταξ''': -ᾰκος, ἡ (Λυκόφρ. 687), ἐνῷ τὸ Λακων. καὶ Δωρ. [[μύσταξ]] [[εἶναι]] ἀρσεν.· ([[μασάομαι]])· - τὸ δι’ οὗ τις μασᾶται, τὸ [[στόμα]], ἢ αἱ σιαγόνες, ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, ἔφραττε τὸ [[στόμα]] διὰ τῶν χειρῶν του, Ὀδ. Δ. 287· [[οὕτως]], [[ἑλεῖν]] ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶν Ψ. 76, πρβλ. Ἀλκμᾶνα 136· ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασι Λυκόφρ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ.· μάστακι ποππύζων Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 285, πρβλ. 294. 16. 2) ἴδε ἐν λ. [[μύσταξ]]. II.= [[μάσημα]], [[ἔνθεσις]], «βουκιά», ἐν Ἰλ. Ι. 324, ἐπὶ πτηνοῦ τρέφοντος τὰ [[ἑαυτοῦ]] νεογνά, ὡς δ’ [[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ’, ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι, - τὸ μάστακ’ λαμβάνεται ὡς ἡ αἰτ. μάστακα, ἴδε Εὐστ. 753. 62, Ἡσύχ., κλ., πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 14. 39· ἐνῷ ἕτεροι ἐκλαμβάνουσιν αὐτὸ ὡς τὴν δοτ. μάστακι, διὰ τοῦ ῥάμφους του, Ἀπολλων. Λεξ. 445, Πλούτ. 2. 80Α, 494D. III. [[εἶδος]] ἀκρίδος, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 642, Νικ. Θ. 802. | ||
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{{Autenrieth | {{Autenrieth | ||
|auten=ακος ([[μαστάζω]], [[chew]]): [[mouth]]; a mouthful of [[food]], Il. 9.324. | |auten=ακος ([[μαστάζω]], [[chew]]): [[mouth]]; a [[mouthful]] of [[food]], Il. 9.324. | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
|mltxt=[[μάσταξ]], -ακος, ἡ (Α)<br /><b>1.</b> αυτό με το οποίο μασάει [[κανείς]], [[στόμα]], γνάθοι, σαγόνια («ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν» — έφραζε το [[στόμα]] με τα χέρια, <b>Ομ. Οδ.</b>)<br /><b>2.</b> [[μουστάκι]]<br /><b>3.</b> [[μπουκιά]], [[μάσημα]], μασημένη [[τροφή]] («ὡς δ'[[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι | |mltxt=[[μάσταξ]], -ακος, ἡ (Α)<br /><b>1.</b> αυτό με το οποίο μασάει [[κανείς]], [[στόμα]], γνάθοι, σαγόνια («ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν» — έφραζε το [[στόμα]] με τα χέρια, <b>Ομ. Οδ.</b>)<br /><b>2.</b> [[μουστάκι]]<br /><b>3.</b> [[μπουκιά]], [[μάσημα]], μασημένη [[τροφή]] («ὡς δ'[[ὄρνις]] ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ', [[ἐπεί]] κε λάβῃσι», <b>Ομ. Ιλ.</b>)<br /><b>4.</b> [[είδος]] ακρίδας.<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> Η λ. [[μάσταξ]] (<span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>μαθ</i>-<i>τ</i>-<i>αξ</i>, [[πρβλ]]. [[πιστός]] <span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>πι</i>-<i>θ</i>-<i>τός</i>) συνδέεται με το ρ. <i>μασῶ</i> (<span style="color: red;"><</span> <i>μαθ</i>-<i>jάω</i>), [[αλλά]] εμφανίζει δυσερμήνευτο -<i>τ</i>-, [[εκτός]] αν θεωρηθεί παράγωγο ενός αμάρτυρου <i>μαθ</i>-<i>τός</i> > [[μαστός]]. Το εκφραστικό [[επίθημα]] του [[μάσταξ]] θυμίζει τα [[πόρταξ]], [[μύλαξ]], ενώ το ρ. [[μαστάζω]] τα [[βαστάζω]], [[κλαστάζω]]. | ||
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{{lsm | {{lsm | ||
|lsmtext='''μάσταξ:''' -ᾰκος, ἡ, ([[μασάομαι]]),·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> όργανο με το οποίο μασά [[κάποιος]], [[στόμα]], σε Ομήρ. Οδ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> αυτό που μασιέται, [[μπουκιά]], μπουκίτσα, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Θεόκρ. | |lsmtext='''μάσταξ:''' -ᾰκος, ἡ, ([[μασάομαι]]),·<br /><b class="num">I.</b> όργανο με το οποίο μασά [[κάποιος]], [[στόμα]], σε Ομήρ. Οδ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> αυτό που μασιέται, [[μπουκιά]], μπουκίτσα, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Θεόκρ. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=-ακος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[mouth]], [[mouthfull]], [[morsel]] (I 324), also metaph. [[locust]] (S. Fr. 716, Nic.; after Clitarch. ap. EM 216, 9 Ambraciotic), because of its voracity (cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).<br />Derivatives: [[μαστάζω]] [[chew]] (Nic. Th. 918), [[συμ]] μάσταξ (Hippiatr.), with expressive byforms: 1. [[μασταρύζω]] (v. l. <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>) [[chew fervently]], [[without uttering a word]] (of an old man, Ar. Ach. 689); cf. <b class="b3">μασταρίζειν μαστιχᾶσθαι</b>. <b class="b3">καὶ τρέμειν</b>. <b class="b3">η σφοδρῶς η κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> H., <b class="b3">μαστηρύζειν τὸ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> Phot.; formation like [[κελαρύζω]], [[βατταρίζω]] etc. 2. [[μαστιχάω]], only ptc. dat. sg. [[μαστιχόωντι]] (Hes. Sc. c389, verse-end) [[from anger chew violently]] = [[grind the teeth]], [[foam]] (of a boar), [[μαστιχᾶσθαι]] H. s. [[μασταρίζειν]] (s. above; example ?); backformation [[μαστίχη]] f. [[the resin of the mastixtree]] (Com. Adesp., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">μαστίχ-ινος</b> (Dsc.), <b class="b3">-ηρά</b> f. [[plaster from mastich]] (Aet.; after [[ἐλαιηρός]] etc.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Both [[μάσταξ]] and [[μαστάζω]], which must not belong to each other directly, go back on a <b class="b3">τ-</b>derivation beside the yot-present [[μασάομαι]] (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-</b>ι̯-?), <b class="b3">μασ-τ-</b> (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-τ-</b>?), of which the function remains unknown. With [[μαστάζω]] cf. [[βαστάζω]], [[κλαστάζω]] (: <b class="b3">κλά[σ]-ω</b>) a. o. (Schwyzer 706); with the popular [[μάσταξ]] e.g. [[πόρταξ]] (: [[πόρτις]]), [[μύλαξ]] ( : [[μύλος]]); on this Chantraine Form. 377ff. The in the vowel deviating <b class="b3">μέστακα την μεμασημένην τροφήν</b> H. has certainly no (IE) old full grade <b class="b2">*menth-to-</b> (since Froehde BB 7, 330), but is just folketymologically re-shaped after [[μεστός]] ('mouthfull'). So if we start from <b class="b3">μαθ-</b>, the word is prob. of Pre-Greek origin.<br />See also: -- Weiteres s. [[μασάομαι]]. | |etymtx=-ακος<br />Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[mouth]], [[mouthfull]], [[morsel]] (I 324), also metaph. [[locust]] (S. Fr. 716, Nic.; after Clitarch. ap. EM 216, 9 Ambraciotic), because of its voracity (cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).<br />Derivatives: [[μαστάζω]] [[chew]] (Nic. Th. 918), [[συμ]] μάσταξ (Hippiatr.), with expressive byforms: 1. [[μασταρύζω]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>) [[chew fervently]], [[without uttering a word]] (of an old man, Ar. Ach. 689); cf. <b class="b3">μασταρίζειν μαστιχᾶσθαι</b>. <b class="b3">καὶ τρέμειν</b>. <b class="b3">η σφοδρῶς η κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> H., <b class="b3">μαστηρύζειν τὸ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι</b> Phot.; formation like [[κελαρύζω]], [[βατταρίζω]] etc. 2. [[μαστιχάω]], only ptc. dat. sg. [[μαστιχόωντι]] (Hes. Sc. c389, verse-end) [[from anger chew violently]] = [[grind the teeth]], [[foam]] (of a boar), [[μαστιχᾶσθαι]] H. s. [[μασταρίζειν]] (s. above; example ?); backformation [[μαστίχη]] f. [[the resin of the mastixtree]] (Com. Adesp., Thphr.) with <b class="b3">μαστίχ-ινος</b> (Dsc.), <b class="b3">-ηρά</b> f. [[plaster from mastich]] (Aet.; after [[ἐλαιηρός]] etc.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Both [[μάσταξ]] and [[μαστάζω]], which must not belong to each other directly, go back on a <b class="b3">τ-</b>derivation beside the yot-present [[μασάομαι]] (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-</b>ι̯-?), <b class="b3">μασ-τ-</b> (from <b class="b3">*μαθ-τ-</b>?), of which the function remains unknown. With [[μαστάζω]] cf. [[βαστάζω]], [[κλαστάζω]] (: <b class="b3">κλά[σ]-ω</b>) a. o. (Schwyzer 706); with the popular [[μάσταξ]] e.g. [[πόρταξ]] (: [[πόρτις]]), [[μύλαξ]] (: [[μύλος]]); on this Chantraine Form. 377ff. The in the vowel deviating <b class="b3">μέστακα την μεμασημένην τροφήν</b> H. has certainly no (IE) old full grade <b class="b2">*menth-to-</b> (since Froehde BB 7, 330), but is just folketymologically re-shaped after [[μεστός]] ('mouthfull'). So if we start from <b class="b3">μαθ-</b>, the word is prob. of Pre-Greek origin.<br />See also: -- Weiteres s. [[μασάομαι]]. | ||
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{{FriskDe | {{FriskDe | ||
|ftr='''μάσταξ''': -ακος<br />{mástaks}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Mund]], [[Mundvoll]], [[Atzung]] (ep. poet. seit ''I'' 324), auch übertr. [[Heuschrecke]] (S. ''Fr''. 716, Nik.; nach Klitarch. ap. ''EM'' 216, 9 ambrakiotisch), wegen der Gefräßigkeit (vgl. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).<br />'''Derivative''': Daneben [[μαστάζω]] [[kauen]] (Nik. ''Th''. 918), συμ ~ (''Hippiatr''.), mit expressiven Nebenformen: 1. [[μασταρύζω]] (v. l. -ίζω) [[eifrig kauen]], [[ohne ein Wort hervorpressen zu können]] (von einem Greis, Ar. ''Ach''. 689); vgl. | |ftr='''μάσταξ''': -ακος<br />{mástaks}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Mund]], [[Mundvoll]], [[Atzung]] (ep. poet. seit ''I'' 324), auch übertr. [[Heuschrecke]] (S. ''Fr''. 716, Nik.; nach Klitarch. ap. ''EM'' 216, 9 ambrakiotisch), wegen der Gefräßigkeit (vgl. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).<br />'''Derivative''': Daneben [[μαστάζω]] [[kauen]] (Nik. ''Th''. 918), συμ ~ (''Hippiatr''.), mit expressiven Nebenformen: 1. [[μασταρύζω]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -ίζω) [[eifrig kauen]], [[ohne ein Wort hervorpressen zu können]] (von einem Greis, Ar. ''Ach''. 689); vgl. μασταρίζειν· μαστιχᾶσθαι. καὶ τρέμειν. ἢ [[σφοδρῶς]] ἢ [[κακῶς]] [[μασᾶσθαι]] H., μαστηρύζειν· τὸ [[κακῶς]] [[μασᾶσθαι]] Phot.; Bildung wie [[κελαρύζω]], [[βατταρίζω]] u. a. 2. [[μαστιχάω]], nur Ptz. Dat. sg. μαστιχόωντι (Hes. ''Sc''. 389, Versende) [[vor Wut heftig kauen]] = [[mit den Zähnen knirschen]], [[schäumen]] (von einem Eber), μαστιχᾶσθαι H. s. μασταρίζειν (s. oben; Vorbild ?); Rückbildung [[μαστίχη]] f. [[das Harz des Mastixbaumes]] (''Kom''. ''Adesp''., Thphr. u. a.) mit [[μαστίχινος]] (Dsk. u. a.), -ηρά f. [[Pflaster aus Harz]] (Aet.; nach [[ἐλαιηρός]] u.a.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).<br />'''Etymology''': Sowohl [[μάσταξ]] wie [[μαστάζω]], die nicht unmittelbar miteinander zusammenzuhängen brauchen, gehen auf eine dem Jotpräsens [[μασάομαι]] (aus *μαθι̯-) nebenher laufende τ-Erweiterung μαστ- (aus *μαθτ-) zurück, deren Funktion indessen unbekannt bleibt. Zu [[μαστάζω]] vgl. [[βαστάζω]], [[κλαστάζω]] (: κλά[σ]-ω) u. a. (Schwyzer 706); zu dem volkstümlichen [[μάσταξ]] z.B. [[πόρταξ]] (: [[πόρτις]]), [[μύλαξ]] (: [[μύλος]]); dazu Chantraine Form. 377ff. Das im Vokal abweichende [[μέστακα]]·τὴν μεμασημένην τροφήν H. enthält gewiß keine alte Hochstufe *''menth''-''to''- (seit Froehde BB 7, 330), sondern ist lediglich nach [[μεστός]] (’Mundvoll') volksetymologisch umgebildet. — Weiteres s. [[μασάομαι]].<br />'''Page''' 2,182 | ||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=-ακος ἡ (=[[στόμα]], σαγόνια, μπουκιά). Ἀπό τό [[μασάομαι]] -μασῶμαι (=[[μασσῶ]], [[τρώω]]) πού [[ἔχει]] [[συγγένεια]] μέ τό [[μάσσω]]. Παράγωγα τοῦ μασῶμαι: [[μάσημα]], [[μάσησις]], [[μασητέον]], [[μασητήρ]], [[μασητικός]]. | |||
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|trtx====[[mouth]]=== | |||
Abenaki: mdon; Abkhaz: аҿырҟьара, аҿы; Acehnese: babah; Adyghe: жэ; Afar: af; Afrikaans: mond; Ahom: 𑜆𑜀𑜫; Ainu: チャル, チャロ, パロ; Akan: ano; Akkadian: 𒅗; Aklanon: ba-ba'; Alabama: ichokhalbi; Alawa: ŋaːndal; Albanian: gojë; Alviri-Vidari: دان; Amharic: አፍ, አንደበት; Amis: ngoyos; Apache Western Apache: bizéʼ; Arabic: فَم; Chadian Arabic: خشم, قدّوم; Egyptian Arabic: بق; Gulf Arabic: حلج, بوز; Hijazi Arabic: فم; Iraqi Arabic: حلگ; Moroccan Arabic: فم, فا; North Levantine Arabic: تم; South Levantine Arabic: تم; Sudanese Arabic: خشم; Yemeni Arabic: لقف, فم; Aragonese: boca; Aramaic: ܦܘܡܐ; Armenian: բերան, երախ; Aromanian: gurã; Assamese: মুখ; Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܘܼܡܵܐ; Asturian: boca; Atayal: nqwaq; Atong: khuʼchuk; Aukan: mofu; Avar: кӏал; Avestan: 𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬋, 𐬁𐬵, 𐬂𐬢𐬵; Aymara: laka; Äynu: car; Azerbaijani: ağız; Balanta-Ganja: muntung; Baluchi: دپ, دف; Bambara: da; Bashkir: ауыҙ; Basque: aho; Bats: ბაქ; Bau Bidayuh: boba; Belarusian: рот, вусны; Bengali: মুখ; Bhojpuri: मुँह; Bikol Central: ngimot; Bislama: maot; Borôro: ogwa; Bouyei: bas; Breton: genoù; Bribri: krö; Brunei Malay: mulut; Budukh: сив; Buginese: baba; Bulgarian: уста; Bunun: ngulus; Burmese: ပါးစပ်; Buryat: аман; Carpathian Rusyn: рот, писок, уста; Catalan: boca; Cebuano: baba; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵉⵎⵉ; Central Melanau: bebak; Cham Eastern Cham: ꨚꨝꩍ; Chamicuro: awana; Chechen: батт; Chepang: काम्, मोङ्; Cherokee: ᎠᎰᎵ; Cheyenne: -ahtsená; Chichewa: kamwa; Chickasaw: iti; Chinese Cantonese: [[口]], [[嘴]]; Dungan: зуй, ку; Eastern Min: 喙; Hakka: 口, 嘴; Hokkien: 喙, 口; Jin: 嘴; Mandarin: [[嘴]], [[口]], [[嘴巴]]; Wu: 嘴; Chukchi: йыкыргын; Chuvash: ҫӑвар; Coptic: ⲣⲟ, ⲣⲱⲟⲩ; Cornish: ganow; Corsican: bocca, bucca, bucchi; Cree Plains Cree: mitōn; Woods Cree: ᒥᑑᐣ; Crimean Tatar: ağız; Czech: ústa, pusa, tlama; Dakota: i; Dalmatian: buca; Danish: mund, kæft; Dhivehi: އަނގަ; Dinka: thok; Dongxiang: aman; Dutch: [[mond]], [[bek]], [[muil]]; Dzongkha: ཁ; Eastern Khanty: ԓуԓ; Eastern Mari: умша; Elfdalian: munn; Emilian: bóca, bòca, båcca; Erzya: курго; Esperanto: buŝo; Estonian: suu; Even: амӈа; Evenki: амӈа; Ewe: nu; Extremaduran: boca; Farefare: nõorɛ; Faroese: muður, munnur; Fiji Hindi: muh; Fijian: gusu; Finnish: suu; Franco-Provençal: botse, botcha, boche; French: [[bouche]], [[gueule]]; Gallo: góll, goule; Friulian: bocje, bočhe; Gagauz: aaz; Galician: boca, buso; Gamilaraay: ngaay, ngay; Georgian: პირი; German: [[Mund]], [[Maul]], [[Gosche]], [[Gosch]], [[Gusche]]; Alemannic German: Muul, Schnure, Gosche; Bavarian: Babbn, Letschn, May, Goschn; Central Franconian: Mond, Muhl, Möngksche, Schnüß; East Central German: Gusche; Rhine Franconian: Gosche; Gorontalo: tunggilo; Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃; Greek: [[στόμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[στόμα]], [[στύμα]], [[μάσταξ]], [[χάνος]]; Griko: lemò; Greenlandic: qaneq; Guaraní: juru; Gujarati: મુખ, મોં; Haitian Creole: bouch; Hausa: baki; Hawaiian: waha; Hebrew: פֶּה; Higaonon: baba; Hiligaynon: baba; Hindi: मुँह, मुख; Hittite: 𒀀𒄿𒅖; Hlai: boms; Hopi: moʼa; Hungarian: száj; Icelandic: munnur, kjaftur; Ido: boko; Igbo: onu; Ilocano: ngiwat; Indonesian: mulut; Ingrian: suu; Ingush: баге; Interlingua: bucca; Inuktitut: ᖃᓂᖅ; Inupiaq: qaniq; Iranun: ngari'; Irish: béal, béala; Istro-Romanian: gúrę; Italian: [[bocca]]; Japanese: 口; Jarawa: ən-imun; Javanese: cocot, cangkem; Kabardian: жьэ; Kabuverdianu: bóka; Kaingang: jẽnky; Kalmyk: амн; Kanakanabu: ivici; Kannada: ಬಾಯ್, ಬಾಯಿ; Kanowit: jawai; Kanuri: cî; Kapampangan: asbuk; Karachay-Balkar: аууз; Karakalpak: awız; Karelian: suu; Kashubian: gãba; Kaurna: taa, naparta; Kavalan: ngibiR; Kazakh: ауыз; Ket: қө; Khakas: аас, ахсы; Khmer: មាត់; Kikuyu: kanua; Kimaragang: kabang; Klallam: cúcən; Komi-Permyak: ӧм; Komi-Zyrian: вом; Kongo: munoko; Konkani: तोंड; Korean: 입; Kumyk: авуз; Kunigami: 口; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەم; Laki: دەم; Northern Kurdish: dev; Southern Kurdish: دەم; Kurtöp: ཁ; Kyrgyz: ооз; Ladin: bocia; Ladino Hebrew: בוקה; Roman: boka; Lak: кьацӏ; Lakota: i; Lao: ປາກ; Latgalian: mute; Latin: [[os]]; Latvian: mute; Laz: პიჯი; Lezgi: сив; Ligurian: bocca; Limburgish: móndj, mónd; Lingala: monɔkɔ; Lithuanian: burna, nasrai; Livonian: sū; Lokono: roko; Lombard: bocca, boca; Lotud: kabang; Low German Dutch Low Saxon: moond; German Low German: Mund, Muul; Lü: ᦔᦱᧅ; Luhya: kumunwa; Lushootseed: qədxʷ; Luwian: 𒀀𒀀𒀸𒊭; Luxembourgish: Mond; Macedonian: уста; Maguindanao: ngali; Makasar: baba; Malagasy: vava; Malay: mulut; Malayalam: വായ; Maltese: ħalq, fomm; Manchu: ᠠᠩᡤᠠ; Mansaka: baba; Manx: beeal, gob; Maori: māngai, waha, pūahatanga; Mapudungun: wün, wən; Maranao: ngari'; Marathi: मुख, तोंड; Marwari: मुखड़ौ, मूंडौ; Mbyá Guaraní: juru; Megleno-Romanian: gura; Mirandese: boca; Miyako: 口; Moksha: курга; Mon: ပါၚ်; Mongolian: ам; Moore: noore; Nahuatl: kamajtli, camatl; Nama: ams; Nanai: ангма; Navajo: azééʼ; Ndonga: okana; Neapolitan: vocca; Nepali: मुख; Newar: म्हुतु; Nganasan: ӈаӈ; Ngarrindjeri: tore; Nivkh: ыӈг; Nogai: авыз; Nong Zhuang: baeg; Norman: bouoche; Northern Mansi: сӯп; Northern Sotho: molomo; Northern Norwegian: munn, kjeft; Nottoway-Meherrin: eskaharant; Occitan: boca, bouco; Odia: ମୁଖ; Ojibwe: indoon; Okinawan: 口; Old Church Slavonic: лалока; Old Dutch: mund, munt; Old English: mūþ; Old French: buche; Old Frisian: mūth, mund, mond; Old High German: mund; Old Javanese: cangkem; Old Norse: muðr, munnr; Old Prussian: āustā; Old Saxon: mūth; Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰕; Oromo: afaan; Ossetian: ком, дзых; Ottoman Turkish: آغز, آغیز, دهان, دهن, فم; Paiwan: angalj; Palu'e: wêwa; Pangasinan: sangi; Papiamentu: boka; Pashto: خوله; Pennsylvania German: Maul; Persian: دهان, دهن; Phoenician: 𐤐; Picard: bouque; Piedmontese: boca; Polish: usta, paszcza, gęba; Portuguese: [[boca]]; Punjabi Gurmukhi: ਮੁਖ, ਮੂੰਹ; Shahmukhi: مکھ, مونہ; Puyuma: indan; Quechua: simi; Canka Quechua: simi; Ecuadorian Kichwa: shimi; Southern Quechua: simi; Waiwaş Quechua: şimi; Wanka Quechua: şimi; Rapa Nui: haha; Romani: muj; Romanian: gură; Cyrillic: гурэ; Romansch: bucca, buca, buocha, bocca; Rukai: nguduy; Rungus: kabbang; Russian: [[рот]], [[уста]], [[пасть]]; Rwanda-Rundi: umunwa; Saaroa: ngusuu; Sabah Bisaya: kabang; Saek: ป̄าก; Saho: af; Saisiyat: ngabas; Sakizaya: laway; Sami Inari: njälmi; Kildin: ня̄лльм; Northern: njálbmi; Skolt: njäʹlmm; Southern: njaelmie; Samoan: gutu; Sanskrit: आस्, मुख, च्युप; Santali: moca, ᱢᱚᱪᱟ; Sãotomense: boka; Sardinian: buca, bucca; Saterland Frisian: Muule; Scots: mooth, gab, geggie; Scottish Gaelic: beul, craos; Sekapan: banah; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: уста; Roman: ústa; Shan: ပၢၵ်ႇ; Sherpa: ख, ཁ; Shona: muromo; Shor: аас, ақсы; Sicilian: bucca, vucca; Sidamo: afo; Sikkimese: ཁ; Silesian: usta; Sindhi: مک, ٻُوٿُ; Sinhalese: කට; Slovak: ústa; Slovene: usta; Somali: af; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: guba; Upper Sorbian: huba; Sotho: molomo; Southern Altai: оос; Southern Kam: bags; Spanish: [[boca]]; Sranan Tongo: mofo; Sumerian: 𒅗; Sundanese: baham; Swabian: Gosch; Swahili: kinywa; Swazi: umlomo; Swedish: mun, käft; Sylheti: ꠝꠥꠈ; Tabasaran: ушв; Tagal Murut: kabang, kavang, munung; Tagalog: bibig, bunganga; Tahitian: vaha; Tai Nüa: ᥙᥣᥐᥱ; Tajik: даҳон; Talysh: qəv; Tambunan Dusun: kabang; Tamil: வாய்; Taos: łòmų́ną; Tarantino: vocche; Taroko: quwaq; Tat: duhun, dama; Tatar: авыз; Tày: pác; Telugu: నోరు; Ternate: mada; Tetum: ibun; Thai: ปาก; Tibetan: ཁ; Tigrinya: አፍ; Timugon Murut: kavang; Tiwi: irubudara; Tocharian B: koyṃ; Tok Pisin: maus; Tongan: ngutu; Tsakonian: τθούμα, τ̒ούμα; Tsou: ngayo; Tswana: molomo; Tundra Nenets: няʼ, няʼн; Tupinambá: îuru; Turkish: ağız; Turkmen: agyz; Tuscarora: -hskahręw, -ihskahręw; Tuvan: аас; Udi: жӏомох; Udihe: аӈма; Udmurt: ым; Ugaritic: 𐎔; Ukrainian: рот; Urdu: منہ, مکھ; Uyghur: ئېغىز; Uzbek: ogʻiz; Venetan: boca; Veps: suu; Vietnamese: miệng, mồm; Vilamovian: moüł; Volapük: mud, mudil; Võro: suu; Votic: suu; Walloon: boke; Waray-Waray: bàbà, hi-wa; Welsh: ceg, cegau; West Coast Bajau: bua'; West Flemish: mond; West Frisian: mûle; West Makian: mada; White Hmong: qhov ncauj; Winnebago: ii; Wiradjuri: ngany; Wolof: gémmiñ; Xhosa: umlomo; Yaeyama: 口; Yagara: dhambur; Yagnobi: рах; Yakut: айах; Yami: vivi, ngoso; Yiddish: מויל; Yonaguni: ってぃ, ってぃぶに; Yoruba: ẹnu; Yucatec Maya: chiʼ; Yup'ik: qaneq; Zazaki: fek; Zealandic: mond, muul; Zhuang: bak; Zulu: umlomo; ǃKung: tsiː | |||
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Latest revision as of 13:30, 25 October 2024
English (LSJ)
ᾰκος, ἡ (Lyc.687), (μασάομαι)
A that with which one chews, mouth, jaws, ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζε he stopped his mouth with his hands, Od.4.287; με… ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν seizing me by the mouth, 23.76, cf. Alcm.144; ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασι Lyc. l. c.; μάστακι ποππύζων AP5.284.6 (Agath.), cf. 293.16 (Id.).
2 v. μύσταξ.
II = μάσημα, mouthful, morsel, ὡς δ' ὄρνις ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ', ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι Il.9.324, cf. Eust.753.62; μάστακα δοῖσα τέκνοισιν Theoc.14.39; of the olive, Call.Iamb.1.271; others expl. in Il. l. c. as dat. μάστακι in its beak, Apollon.Lex. s.v. μάσταξ, Plu.2.494d.
III locust, S.Fr.716, Nic.Th.802, Clitarch. Glossaria ap. EM216.9. (Cf. μέστακα.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 98] ακος, ἡ, der Mund (mit dem man kau't, μασάομαι), VLL. erkl. στόμα; Ὀδυσεὺς ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, Od. 4, 287, hielt den Mund zu, ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν, 23, 76. – Auch ein Mundvoll Speise, vom Vogel, der seinen Jungen Nahrung im Schnabel zuträgt, ὡς δ' ὄρνις ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ' ἐπεί κε λάβῃσιν, Il. 9, 324; od. nach anderen alten Erkl. μάστακι, mit dem Schnabel, vgl. Spitzner zur Stelle, u. Theocr. 14, 39, der offenbar Hom. nachahmte; Hesych. erkl. τὴν μεμασσημένην τροφήν. –In der Bdtg Mund auch bei sp. D., Agath. 6. 8 (V, 285. 294). – Bei den Späteren die Oberlippe u. der auf derselben wachsende Schnurrbart od. Schnauzbart, dorisch μύσταξ, w. m. s. – Auch eine Heuschreckenart, weil sie Alles verzehrt, Soph. frg. 642 bei Phot., Nic. Th. 802.
French (Bailly abrégé)
ακος (ἡ) :
1 bouche;
2 pâtée que les oiseaux donnent à leurs petits;
3 sorte de sauterelle vorace, insecte.
Étymologie: μάσσω.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
μάσταξ: ᾰκος ἡ
1 рот: ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πιέζειν Hom. зажать рот руками;
2 пища в зобу Theocr.: ὡς δ᾽ ὄρνις νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσιν μάστακ᾽ (= μάστακα) Hom. словно птица приносит птенцам корм (v.l. μάστακι, т. е. в клюве);
3 саранча (неизвестная разновидность) Soph.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μάσταξ: -ᾰκος, ἡ (Λυκόφρ. 687), ἐνῷ τὸ Λακων. καὶ Δωρ. μύσταξ εἶναι ἀρσεν.· (μασάομαι)· - τὸ δι’ οὗ τις μασᾶται, τὸ στόμα, ἢ αἱ σιαγόνες, ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν, ἔφραττε τὸ στόμα διὰ τῶν χειρῶν του, Ὀδ. Δ. 287· οὕτως, ἑλεῖν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶν Ψ. 76, πρβλ. Ἀλκμᾶνα 136· ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασι Λυκόφρ. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ.· μάστακι ποππύζων Ἀνθ. Π. 5. 285, πρβλ. 294. 16. 2) ἴδε ἐν λ. μύσταξ. II.= μάσημα, ἔνθεσις, «βουκιά», ἐν Ἰλ. Ι. 324, ἐπὶ πτηνοῦ τρέφοντος τὰ ἑαυτοῦ νεογνά, ὡς δ’ ὄρνις ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ’, ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι, - τὸ μάστακ’ λαμβάνεται ὡς ἡ αἰτ. μάστακα, ἴδε Εὐστ. 753. 62, Ἡσύχ., κλ., πρβλ. Θεόκρ. 14. 39· ἐνῷ ἕτεροι ἐκλαμβάνουσιν αὐτὸ ὡς τὴν δοτ. μάστακι, διὰ τοῦ ῥάμφους του, Ἀπολλων. Λεξ. 445, Πλούτ. 2. 80Α, 494D. III. εἶδος ἀκρίδος, Σοφ. Ἀποσπ. 642, Νικ. Θ. 802.
English (Autenrieth)
ακος (μαστάζω, chew): mouth; a mouthful of food, Il. 9.324.
Greek Monolingual
μάσταξ, -ακος, ἡ (Α)
1. αυτό με το οποίο μασάει κανείς, στόμα, γνάθοι, σαγόνια («ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσὶ πίεζεν» — έφραζε το στόμα με τα χέρια, Ομ. Οδ.)
2. μουστάκι
3. μπουκιά, μάσημα, μασημένη τροφή («ὡς δ'ὄρνις ἀπτῆσι νεοσσοῖσι προφέρῃσι μάστακ', ἐπεί κε λάβῃσι», Ομ. Ιλ.)
4. είδος ακρίδας.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. μάσταξ (< μαθ-τ-αξ, πρβλ. πιστός < πι-θ-τός) συνδέεται με το ρ. μασῶ (< μαθ-jάω), αλλά εμφανίζει δυσερμήνευτο -τ-, εκτός αν θεωρηθεί παράγωγο ενός αμάρτυρου μαθ-τός > μαστός. Το εκφραστικό επίθημα του μάσταξ θυμίζει τα πόρταξ, μύλαξ, ενώ το ρ. μαστάζω τα βαστάζω, κλαστάζω.
Greek Monotonic
μάσταξ: -ᾰκος, ἡ, (μασάομαι),·
I. όργανο με το οποίο μασά κάποιος, στόμα, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.
II. αυτό που μασιέται, μπουκιά, μπουκίτσα, σε Ομήρ. Ιλ., Θεόκρ.
Frisk Etymological English
-ακος
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: mouth, mouthfull, morsel (I 324), also metaph. locust (S. Fr. 716, Nic.; after Clitarch. ap. EM 216, 9 Ambraciotic), because of its voracity (cf. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).
Derivatives: μαστάζω chew (Nic. Th. 918), συμ μάσταξ (Hippiatr.), with expressive byforms: 1. μασταρύζω (v.l. -ίζω) chew fervently, without uttering a word (of an old man, Ar. Ach. 689); cf. μασταρίζειν μαστιχᾶσθαι. καὶ τρέμειν. η σφοδρῶς η κακῶς μασᾶσθαι H., μαστηρύζειν τὸ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι Phot.; formation like κελαρύζω, βατταρίζω etc. 2. μαστιχάω, only ptc. dat. sg. μαστιχόωντι (Hes. Sc. c389, verse-end) from anger chew violently = grind the teeth, foam (of a boar), μαστιχᾶσθαι H. s. μασταρίζειν (s. above; example ?); backformation μαστίχη f. the resin of the mastixtree (Com. Adesp., Thphr.) with μαστίχ-ινος (Dsc.), -ηρά f. plaster from mastich (Aet.; after ἐλαιηρός etc.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).
Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
Etymology: Both μάσταξ and μαστάζω, which must not belong to each other directly, go back on a τ-derivation beside the yot-present μασάομαι (from *μαθ-ι̯-?), μασ-τ- (from *μαθ-τ-?), of which the function remains unknown. With μαστάζω cf. βαστάζω, κλαστάζω (: κλά[σ]-ω) a. o. (Schwyzer 706); with the popular μάσταξ e.g. πόρταξ (: πόρτις), μύλαξ (: μύλος); on this Chantraine Form. 377ff. The in the vowel deviating μέστακα την μεμασημένην τροφήν H. has certainly no (IE) old full grade *menth-to- (since Froehde BB 7, 330), but is just folketymologically re-shaped after μεστός ('mouthfull'). So if we start from μαθ-, the word is prob. of Pre-Greek origin.
See also: -- Weiteres s. μασάομαι.
Middle Liddell
μάσταξ, ακος, μασάομαι
I. that with which one chews, the mouth, Od.
II. that which is chewed, a mouthful, morsel, Il., Theocr.
Frisk Etymology German
μάσταξ: -ακος
{mástaks}
Grammar: f.
Meaning: Mund, Mundvoll, Atzung (ep. poet. seit I 324), auch übertr. Heuschrecke (S. Fr. 716, Nik.; nach Klitarch. ap. EM 216, 9 ambrakiotisch), wegen der Gefräßigkeit (vgl. Strömberg Wortstudien 17 f.).
Derivative: Daneben μαστάζω kauen (Nik. Th. 918), συμ ~ (Hippiatr.), mit expressiven Nebenformen: 1. μασταρύζω (v.l. -ίζω) eifrig kauen, ohne ein Wort hervorpressen zu können (von einem Greis, Ar. Ach. 689); vgl. μασταρίζειν· μαστιχᾶσθαι. καὶ τρέμειν. ἢ σφοδρῶς ἢ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι H., μαστηρύζειν· τὸ κακῶς μασᾶσθαι Phot.; Bildung wie κελαρύζω, βατταρίζω u. a. 2. μαστιχάω, nur Ptz. Dat. sg. μαστιχόωντι (Hes. Sc. 389, Versende) vor Wut heftig kauen = mit den Zähnen knirschen, schäumen (von einem Eber), μαστιχᾶσθαι H. s. μασταρίζειν (s. oben; Vorbild ?); Rückbildung μαστίχη f. das Harz des Mastixbaumes (Kom. Adesp., Thphr. u. a.) mit μαστίχινος (Dsk. u. a.), -ηρά f. Pflaster aus Harz (Aet.; nach ἐλαιηρός u.a.; Chantraine Form. 232 f.).
Etymology: Sowohl μάσταξ wie μαστάζω, die nicht unmittelbar miteinander zusammenzuhängen brauchen, gehen auf eine dem Jotpräsens μασάομαι (aus *μαθι̯-) nebenher laufende τ-Erweiterung μαστ- (aus *μαθτ-) zurück, deren Funktion indessen unbekannt bleibt. Zu μαστάζω vgl. βαστάζω, κλαστάζω (: κλά[σ]-ω) u. a. (Schwyzer 706); zu dem volkstümlichen μάσταξ z.B. πόρταξ (: πόρτις), μύλαξ (: μύλος); dazu Chantraine Form. 377ff. Das im Vokal abweichende μέστακα·τὴν μεμασημένην τροφήν H. enthält gewiß keine alte Hochstufe *menth-to- (seit Froehde BB 7, 330), sondern ist lediglich nach μεστός (’Mundvoll') volksetymologisch umgebildet. — Weiteres s. μασάομαι.
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Mantoulidis Etymological
-ακος ἡ (=στόμα, σαγόνια, μπουκιά). Ἀπό τό μασάομαι -μασῶμαι (=μασσῶ, τρώω) πού ἔχει συγγένεια μέ τό μάσσω. Παράγωγα τοῦ μασῶμαι: μάσημα, μάσησις, μασητέον, μασητήρ, μασητικός.
Translations
mouth
Abenaki: mdon; Abkhaz: аҿырҟьара, аҿы; Acehnese: babah; Adyghe: жэ; Afar: af; Afrikaans: mond; Ahom: 𑜆𑜀𑜫; Ainu: チャル, チャロ, パロ; Akan: ano; Akkadian: 𒅗; Aklanon: ba-ba'; Alabama: ichokhalbi; Alawa: ŋaːndal; Albanian: gojë; Alviri-Vidari: دان; Amharic: አፍ, አንደበት; Amis: ngoyos; Apache Western Apache: bizéʼ; Arabic: فَم; Chadian Arabic: خشم, قدّوم; Egyptian Arabic: بق; Gulf Arabic: حلج, بوز; Hijazi Arabic: فم; Iraqi Arabic: حلگ; Moroccan Arabic: فم, فا; North Levantine Arabic: تم; South Levantine Arabic: تم; Sudanese Arabic: خشم; Yemeni Arabic: لقف, فم; Aragonese: boca; Aramaic: ܦܘܡܐ; Armenian: բերան, երախ; Aromanian: gurã; Assamese: মুখ; Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܦܘܼܡܵܐ; Asturian: boca; Atayal: nqwaq; Atong: khuʼchuk; Aukan: mofu; Avar: кӏал; Avestan: 𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬋, 𐬁𐬵, 𐬂𐬢𐬵; Aymara: laka; Äynu: car; Azerbaijani: ağız; Balanta-Ganja: muntung; Baluchi: دپ, دف; Bambara: da; Bashkir: ауыҙ; Basque: aho; Bats: ბაქ; Bau Bidayuh: boba; Belarusian: рот, вусны; Bengali: মুখ; Bhojpuri: मुँह; Bikol Central: ngimot; Bislama: maot; Borôro: ogwa; Bouyei: bas; Breton: genoù; Bribri: krö; Brunei Malay: mulut; Budukh: сив; Buginese: baba; Bulgarian: уста; Bunun: ngulus; Burmese: ပါးစပ်; Buryat: аман; Carpathian Rusyn: рот, писок, уста; Catalan: boca; Cebuano: baba; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵉⵎⵉ; Central Melanau: bebak; Cham Eastern Cham: ꨚꨝꩍ; Chamicuro: awana; Chechen: батт; Chepang: काम्, मोङ्; Cherokee: ᎠᎰᎵ; Cheyenne: -ahtsená; Chichewa: kamwa; Chickasaw: iti; Chinese Cantonese: 口, 嘴; Dungan: зуй, ку; Eastern Min: 喙; Hakka: 口, 嘴; Hokkien: 喙, 口; Jin: 嘴; Mandarin: 嘴, 口, 嘴巴; Wu: 嘴; Chukchi: йыкыргын; Chuvash: ҫӑвар; Coptic: ⲣⲟ, ⲣⲱⲟⲩ; Cornish: ganow; Corsican: bocca, bucca, bucchi; Cree Plains Cree: mitōn; Woods Cree: ᒥᑑᐣ; Crimean Tatar: ağız; Czech: ústa, pusa, tlama; Dakota: i; Dalmatian: buca; Danish: mund, kæft; Dhivehi: އަނގަ; Dinka: thok; Dongxiang: aman; Dutch: mond, bek, muil; Dzongkha: ཁ; Eastern Khanty: ԓуԓ; Eastern Mari: умша; Elfdalian: munn; Emilian: bóca, bòca, båcca; Erzya: курго; Esperanto: buŝo; Estonian: suu; Even: амӈа; Evenki: амӈа; Ewe: nu; Extremaduran: boca; Farefare: nõorɛ; Faroese: muður, munnur; Fiji Hindi: muh; Fijian: gusu; Finnish: suu; Franco-Provençal: botse, botcha, boche; French: bouche, gueule; Gallo: góll, goule; Friulian: bocje, bočhe; Gagauz: aaz; Galician: boca, buso; Gamilaraay: ngaay, ngay; Georgian: პირი; German: Mund, Maul, Gosche, Gosch, Gusche; Alemannic German: Muul, Schnure, Gosche; Bavarian: Babbn, Letschn, May, Goschn; Central Franconian: Mond, Muhl, Möngksche, Schnüß; East Central German: Gusche; Rhine Franconian: Gosche; Gorontalo: tunggilo; Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃; Greek: στόμα; Ancient Greek: στόμα, στύμα, μάσταξ, χάνος; Griko: lemò; Greenlandic: qaneq; Guaraní: juru; Gujarati: મુખ, મોં; Haitian Creole: bouch; Hausa: baki; Hawaiian: waha; Hebrew: פֶּה; Higaonon: baba; Hiligaynon: baba; Hindi: मुँह, मुख; Hittite: 𒀀𒄿𒅖; Hlai: boms; Hopi: moʼa; Hungarian: száj; Icelandic: munnur, kjaftur; Ido: boko; Igbo: onu; Ilocano: ngiwat; Indonesian: mulut; Ingrian: suu; Ingush: баге; Interlingua: bucca; Inuktitut: ᖃᓂᖅ; Inupiaq: qaniq; Iranun: ngari'; Irish: béal, béala; Istro-Romanian: gúrę; Italian: bocca; Japanese: 口; Jarawa: ən-imun; Javanese: cocot, cangkem; Kabardian: жьэ; Kabuverdianu: bóka; Kaingang: jẽnky; Kalmyk: амн; Kanakanabu: ivici; Kannada: ಬಾಯ್, ಬಾಯಿ; Kanowit: jawai; Kanuri: cî; Kapampangan: asbuk; Karachay-Balkar: аууз; Karakalpak: awız; Karelian: suu; Kashubian: gãba; Kaurna: taa, naparta; Kavalan: ngibiR; Kazakh: ауыз; Ket: қө; Khakas: аас, ахсы; Khmer: មាត់; Kikuyu: kanua; Kimaragang: kabang; Klallam: cúcən; Komi-Permyak: ӧм; Komi-Zyrian: вом; Kongo: munoko; Konkani: तोंड; Korean: 입; Kumyk: авуз; Kunigami: 口; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەم; Laki: دەم; Northern Kurdish: dev; Southern Kurdish: دەم; Kurtöp: ཁ; Kyrgyz: ооз; Ladin: bocia; Ladino Hebrew: בוקה; Roman: boka; Lak: кьацӏ; Lakota: i; Lao: ປາກ; Latgalian: mute; Latin: os; Latvian: mute; Laz: პიჯი; Lezgi: сив; Ligurian: bocca; Limburgish: móndj, mónd; Lingala: monɔkɔ; Lithuanian: burna, nasrai; Livonian: sū; Lokono: roko; Lombard: bocca, boca; Lotud: kabang; Low German Dutch Low Saxon: moond; German Low German: Mund, Muul; Lü: ᦔᦱᧅ; Luhya: kumunwa; Lushootseed: qədxʷ; Luwian: 𒀀𒀀𒀸𒊭; Luxembourgish: Mond; Macedonian: уста; Maguindanao: ngali; Makasar: baba; Malagasy: vava; Malay: mulut; Malayalam: വായ; Maltese: ħalq, fomm; Manchu: ᠠᠩᡤᠠ; Mansaka: baba; Manx: beeal, gob; Maori: māngai, waha, pūahatanga; Mapudungun: wün, wən; Maranao: ngari'; Marathi: मुख, तोंड; Marwari: मुखड़ौ, मूंडौ; Mbyá Guaraní: juru; Megleno-Romanian: gura; Mirandese: boca; Miyako: 口; Moksha: курга; Mon: ပါၚ်; Mongolian: ам; Moore: noore; Nahuatl: kamajtli, camatl; Nama: ams; Nanai: ангма; Navajo: azééʼ; Ndonga: okana; Neapolitan: vocca; Nepali: मुख; Newar: म्हुतु; Nganasan: ӈаӈ; Ngarrindjeri: tore; Nivkh: ыӈг; Nogai: авыз; Nong Zhuang: baeg; Norman: bouoche; Northern Mansi: сӯп; Northern Sotho: molomo; Northern Norwegian: munn, kjeft; Nottoway-Meherrin: eskaharant; Occitan: boca, bouco; Odia: ମୁଖ; Ojibwe: indoon; Okinawan: 口; Old Church Slavonic: лалока; Old Dutch: mund, munt; Old English: mūþ; Old French: buche; Old Frisian: mūth, mund, mond; Old High German: mund; Old Javanese: cangkem; Old Norse: muðr, munnr; Old Prussian: āustā; Old Saxon: mūth; Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰕; Oromo: afaan; Ossetian: ком, дзых; Ottoman Turkish: آغز, آغیز, دهان, دهن, فم; Paiwan: angalj; Palu'e: wêwa; Pangasinan: sangi; Papiamentu: boka; Pashto: خوله; Pennsylvania German: Maul; Persian: دهان, دهن; Phoenician: 𐤐; Picard: bouque; Piedmontese: boca; Polish: usta, paszcza, gęba; Portuguese: boca; Punjabi Gurmukhi: ਮੁਖ, ਮੂੰਹ; Shahmukhi: مکھ, مونہ; Puyuma: indan; Quechua: simi; Canka Quechua: simi; Ecuadorian Kichwa: shimi; Southern Quechua: simi; Waiwaş Quechua: şimi; Wanka Quechua: şimi; Rapa Nui: haha; Romani: muj; Romanian: gură; Cyrillic: гурэ; Romansch: bucca, buca, buocha, bocca; Rukai: nguduy; Rungus: kabbang; Russian: рот, уста, пасть; Rwanda-Rundi: umunwa; Saaroa: ngusuu; Sabah Bisaya: kabang; Saek: ป̄าก; Saho: af; Saisiyat: ngabas; Sakizaya: laway; Sami Inari: njälmi; Kildin: ня̄лльм; Northern: njálbmi; Skolt: njäʹlmm; Southern: njaelmie; Samoan: gutu; Sanskrit: आस्, मुख, च्युप; Santali: moca, ᱢᱚᱪᱟ; Sãotomense: boka; Sardinian: buca, bucca; Saterland Frisian: Muule; Scots: mooth, gab, geggie; Scottish Gaelic: beul, craos; Sekapan: banah; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: уста; Roman: ústa; Shan: ပၢၵ်ႇ; Sherpa: ख, ཁ; Shona: muromo; Shor: аас, ақсы; Sicilian: bucca, vucca; Sidamo: afo; Sikkimese: ཁ; Silesian: usta; Sindhi: مک, ٻُوٿُ; Sinhalese: කට; Slovak: ústa; Slovene: usta; Somali: af; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: guba; Upper Sorbian: huba; Sotho: molomo; Southern Altai: оос; Southern Kam: bags; Spanish: boca; Sranan Tongo: mofo; Sumerian: 𒅗; Sundanese: baham; Swabian: Gosch; Swahili: kinywa; Swazi: umlomo; Swedish: mun, käft; Sylheti: ꠝꠥꠈ; Tabasaran: ушв; Tagal Murut: kabang, kavang, munung; Tagalog: bibig, bunganga; Tahitian: vaha; Tai Nüa: ᥙᥣᥐᥱ; Tajik: даҳон; Talysh: qəv; Tambunan Dusun: kabang; Tamil: வாய்; Taos: łòmų́ną; Tarantino: vocche; Taroko: quwaq; Tat: duhun, dama; Tatar: авыз; Tày: pác; Telugu: నోరు; Ternate: mada; Tetum: ibun; Thai: ปาก; Tibetan: ཁ; Tigrinya: አፍ; Timugon Murut: kavang; Tiwi: irubudara; Tocharian B: koyṃ; Tok Pisin: maus; Tongan: ngutu; Tsakonian: τθούμα, τ̒ούμα; Tsou: ngayo; Tswana: molomo; Tundra Nenets: няʼ, няʼн; Tupinambá: îuru; Turkish: ağız; Turkmen: agyz; Tuscarora: -hskahręw, -ihskahręw; Tuvan: аас; Udi: жӏомох; Udihe: аӈма; Udmurt: ым; Ugaritic: 𐎔; Ukrainian: рот; Urdu: منہ, مکھ; Uyghur: ئېغىز; Uzbek: ogʻiz; Venetan: boca; Veps: suu; Vietnamese: miệng, mồm; Vilamovian: moüł; Volapük: mud, mudil; Võro: suu; Votic: suu; Walloon: boke; Waray-Waray: bàbà, hi-wa; Welsh: ceg, cegau; West Coast Bajau: bua'; West Flemish: mond; West Frisian: mûle; West Makian: mada; White Hmong: qhov ncauj; Winnebago: ii; Wiradjuri: ngany; Wolof: gémmiñ; Xhosa: umlomo; Yaeyama: 口; Yagara: dhambur; Yagnobi: рах; Yakut: айах; Yami: vivi, ngoso; Yiddish: מויל; Yonaguni: ってぃ, ってぃぶに; Yoruba: ẹnu; Yucatec Maya: chiʼ; Yup'ik: qaneq; Zazaki: fek; Zealandic: mond, muul; Zhuang: bak; Zulu: umlomo; ǃKung: tsiː
