ἀνδρεία: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=ἡ, Ion. [[ἀνδρηίη]] ([[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.99), generally written [[ἀνδρία]] in the Mss., in agreement with the opinion of A.D.''Adv.''136.8, refuted by Orusap.''EM''461.53:—[[ἀνδρεία]] is required by the metre in Ar.''Nu.'' 510, and<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[may]] always stand in the few ''poet.'' passages where it occurs (Simon.58, A.''Th.''52, S.''El.''983, E.''Tr.''674): [[ἀνδρία]] is required in E. ''HF''475 <b class="b3">μέγα φρονῶν ἐπ' ἀνδρίᾳ</b> (s.v.l., [[εὐανδρίᾳ]] Elmsley): [[ἀνδρεία]] is also confirmed by the Ion. form [[ἀνδρηίη]]:—[[manliness]], [[manly spirit]], opp. [[δειλία]], Il.cc., cf. Arist.''Rh.''1366b11, ''EN''1115a6; also of women, S.''El.''983, Arist.''Pol.''1260a22; ἀνδρεία ἡ περὶ τὰς ναυτιλίας Str.3.1.8:—in pl., [[ἀνδρείαι]] = [[brave deeds]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''922a; ironically, αἱ διὰ τῶν λόγων ἀνδρεῖαι D.''Prooem.''45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in bad sense, [[hardihood]], [[insolence]], D. Chr.12.13.<br><span class="bld">III</span> = ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν [[ἡλικία]], Antipho.Soph.67a.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[membrum virile]], Artem.1.45.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[skill]], [[LXX]] ''Ec.''4.4. | |Definition=ἡ, Ion. [[ἀνδρηίη]] ([[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.99), generally written [[ἀνδρία]] in the Mss., in agreement with the opinion of A.D.''Adv.''136.8, refuted by Orusap.''EM''461.53:—[[ἀνδρεία]] is required by the metre in Ar.''Nu.'' 510, and<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[may]] always stand in the few ''poet.'' passages where it occurs (Simon.58, A.''Th.''52, S.''El.''983, E.''Tr.''674): [[ἀνδρία]] is required in E. ''HF''475 <b class="b3">μέγα φρονῶν ἐπ' ἀνδρίᾳ</b> (s.v.l., [[εὐανδρίᾳ]] Elmsley): [[ἀνδρεία]] is also confirmed by the Ion. form [[ἀνδρηίη]]:—[[manliness]], [[manly spirit]], opp. [[δειλία]], Il.cc., cf. Arist.''Rh.''1366b11, ''EN''1115a6; also of women, S.''El.''983, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1260a22; ἀνδρεία ἡ περὶ τὰς ναυτιλίας Str.3.1.8:—in pl., [[ἀνδρείαι]] = [[brave deeds]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''922a; ironically, αἱ διὰ τῶν λόγων ἀνδρεῖαι D.''Prooem.''45.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in bad sense, [[hardihood]], [[insolence]], D. Chr.12.13.<br><span class="bld">III</span> = ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν [[ἡλικία]], Antipho.Soph.67a.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[membrum virile]], Artem.1.45.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[skill]], [[LXX]] ''Ec.''4.4. | ||
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{{DGE | {{DGE | ||
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | {{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | ||
|woodrun=[[bravery]], [[courage]] | |woodrun=[[bravery]], [[courage]] | ||
}} | |||
{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=[<i>et</i> <i>and</i> ἀνδρία, <i>nam scriptura nusquam certa est; Popp. proleg.</i> <i>for the text is nowhere certain; Poppo's prolegomena</i> ''[[III]]'', [[alas]], <i>p.</i> <i>page</i> 113], ''[[fortitudo]]'', [[courage]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.39.4/ 2.39.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.87.4/ 2.87.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.82.4/ 3.82.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.72.2/ 5.72.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.69.1/ 6.69.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.72.2/ 6.72.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.72.4/ 6.72.4]. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{trml | {{trml | ||
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===[[excellence]]=== | ===[[excellence]]=== | ||
Afrikaans: uitmuntendheid, voortreflikheid; Armenian: գերազանցություն; Bikol Central: bansay; Bulgarian: превъзходство; Catalan: excel·lència; Chinese Mandarin: 卓越; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: výtečnost; Dutch: [[uitmuntendheid]], [[voortreffelijkheid]], [[excellentie]]; Esperanto: brileco, bonegeco; French: [[excellence]]; Galician: excelencia, prominencia; German: [[Vortrefflichkeit]]; Greek: [[αριστεία]], [[υπεροχή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀκρότης]], [[ἀνδρεία]], [[ἀξίωσις]], [[ἀρειότης]], [[ἀρετά]], [[ἀρετή]], [[ἀριστεία]], [[ἀριστείη]], [[ἄχνη]], [[διαφορά]], [[δοκιμότης]], [[ἐκπρέπεια]], [[ἐμπρέπεια]], [[ἐνδοξότης]], [[κορυφαιότης]], [[τὸ χρήσιμον]], [[ὑπεροχή]]; Hindi: कमाल; Irish: feabhas; Italian: [[eccellenza]]; Japanese: 優秀さ; Latin: [[excellentia]]; Latvian: izcilība; Macedonian: извонредност, превосходство; Malayalam: മികവ്, മേന്മ; Maori: panekiretanga, hiranga, huhuatanga; Occitan: excelléncia; Polish: świetność; Portuguese: [[excelência]]; Russian: [[превосходство]]; Spanish: [[excelencia]], [[prestancia]]; Tamil: சிறப்பு, மேன்மை; Tocharian B: śpālmäññe | Afrikaans: uitmuntendheid, voortreflikheid; Armenian: գերազանցություն; Bikol Central: bansay; Bulgarian: превъзходство; Catalan: excel·lència; Chinese Mandarin: 卓越; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: výtečnost; Dutch: [[uitmuntendheid]], [[voortreffelijkheid]], [[excellentie]]; Esperanto: brileco, bonegeco; French: [[excellence]]; Galician: excelencia, prominencia; German: [[Vortrefflichkeit]]; Greek: [[αριστεία]], [[υπεροχή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀκρότης]], [[ἀνδρεία]], [[ἀξίωσις]], [[ἀρειότης]], [[ἀρετά]], [[ἀρετή]], [[ἀριστεία]], [[ἀριστείη]], [[ἄχνη]], [[διαφορά]], [[δοκιμότης]], [[ἐκπρέπεια]], [[ἐμπρέπεια]], [[ἐνδοξότης]], [[κορυφαιότης]], [[τὸ χρήσιμον]], [[ὑπεροχή]]; Hindi: कमाल; Irish: feabhas; Italian: [[eccellenza]]; Japanese: 優秀さ; Latin: [[excellentia]]; Latvian: izcilība; Macedonian: извонредност, превосходство; Malayalam: മികവ്, മേന്മ; Maori: panekiretanga, hiranga, huhuatanga; Occitan: excelléncia; Polish: świetność; Portuguese: [[excelência]]; Russian: [[превосходство]]; Spanish: [[excelencia]], [[prestancia]]; Tamil: சிறப்பு, மேன்மை; Tocharian B: śpālmäññe | ||
}} | }} |
Latest revision as of 17:32, 21 November 2024
English (LSJ)
ἡ, Ion. ἀνδρηίη (Hdt.7.99), generally written ἀνδρία in the Mss., in agreement with the opinion of A.D.Adv.136.8, refuted by Orusap.EM461.53:—ἀνδρεία is required by the metre in Ar.Nu. 510, and
A may always stand in the few poet. passages where it occurs (Simon.58, A.Th.52, S.El.983, E.Tr.674): ἀνδρία is required in E. HF475 μέγα φρονῶν ἐπ' ἀνδρίᾳ (s.v.l., εὐανδρίᾳ Elmsley): ἀνδρεία is also confirmed by the Ion. form ἀνδρηίη:—manliness, manly spirit, opp. δειλία, Il.cc., cf. Arist.Rh.1366b11, EN1115a6; also of women, S.El.983, Arist.Pol.1260a22; ἀνδρεία ἡ περὶ τὰς ναυτιλίας Str.3.1.8:—in pl., ἀνδρείαι = brave deeds, Pl.Lg.922a; ironically, αἱ διὰ τῶν λόγων ἀνδρεῖαι D.Prooem.45.
II in bad sense, hardihood, insolence, D. Chr.12.13.
III = ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἡλικία, Antipho.Soph.67a.
IV membrum virile, Artem.1.45.
V skill, LXX Ec.4.4.
Spanish (DGE)
-ας, ἡ
• Alolema(s): jón. -ηίη Hdt.7.99
• Morfología: [en mss. gener. ἀνδρία, el metro exige ἀνδρεία en Ar.Nu.510, ἀνδρία en E.HF 475 (cód.), otros casos son ambiguos; los gramáticos discrepan, cf. A.D.Adu.136.8 y Orus en EM 461.53G.]
I de pers.
1 valor, valentía de varones θυμὸς ἀνδρείῃ φλέγων ἔπνει A.Th.52, ἀνδρείᾳ ἐπιφανής notable por su valor Th.6.72, τῇ μὲν ἀνδρείᾳ οὐχ ἥσσους no inferiores en valor Th.6.69, τόλμα ... ἀλόγιστος ἀνδρεία φιλέταιρος ἐνομίσθη Th.3.82, Λακεδαιμόνιοι ... τῇ ἀνδρείῃ ἔδειξαν οὐχ ἧσσον περιγιγνόμενοί Th.5.72, ἀνδρείη τὰς ἄτας μικρὰς ἔρδει Democr.B 213, Θεμιστοκλέα κρείττονα εἶναι τοῦ ἀρρένων γένους κατὰ ἀνδρείαν Theo Prog.p.114.20, cf. Simon.74.7, Carm.Pop.27.3, E.Tr.674, Ar.Nu.510, Th.2.39, D.14.8, Plb.8.10.5, Str.3.1.8
•tb. de mujeres τιμᾶν ἅπαντας οὕνεκ' ἀνδρείας S.El.983, ὑπὸ ἀνδρηίης ἐστρατεύετο Hdt.7.99
•en definiciones diversas ἡ σοφία ... τῶν δεινῶν ... ἀνδρεία ἐστίν Pl.Prt.360d, ἀνδρείαν ... μέρος ἓν ἀρετῆς ἡμῖν εἶναι Pl.Plt.306a, ἡ σωφροσύνη καὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη καὶ ἄλλαι ἀρεταί X.Ep.1, ἀνδρείαν ... τῶν καλῶν νομίζεις εἶναι; X.Mem.4.6.10, περὶ ... φόβους καὶ θάρρη ἀνδρεία μεσότης Arist.EN 1107a33, cf. 1115a6, Pl.La.192b, Arist.Rh.1366b11, Pol.1260a22, Origenes Cels.5.47, Certamen 168, Ph.1.58, 1.375.
2 edad viril, madurez ἀνδρεία· ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἡλικία Antipho Soph.B 67a
•fuerza viril ἰσχύι δὲ καὶ τᾷ τοῦ σώματος ἀνδρείᾳ Artem.1.45.
3 peyor. osadía, desvergüenza ὡς δὲ ψεύδεσθαι καὶ ἐξαπατᾶν ... οὐκ ἔχω ταύτην τὴν ἀνδρείαν D.Chr.12.13.
II tard. de pers. como tít. excelencia οὐ λέληθεν τὴν σὴν ἀνδρείαν PAmh.82.5 (III/IV d.C.), καταλαμβάνω τὴν σὴν ἀνδρείαν PCair.Isidor.76.17 (IV d.C.), ἐπὶ τὴν ἀνδρίαν τοῦ κυρίου μου POxy.66.18 (IV d.C.), εἰς τὴν ἀνδρίαν τοῦ αὐτοῦ κυρίου SB 9691.30 (IV d.C.), cf. SB 9690.5 (IV d.C.), POxy.1468.9 (III d.C.), PFlor.36.17 (IV d.C.).
III de cosas y acciones
1 plu. hazañas, actos de valentía εἴτε ἀνδρείαις εἴτε πολεμικαῖς μηχαναῖς Pl.Lg.922a
•sent. irón. αἱ διὰ τῶν λόγων ἀνδρεῖαι actos de valentía de boquilla D.Prooem.45.
2 excelencia ἀ. τοῦ ποιήματος LXX Ec.4.4.
IV parte de la casa reservada a los hombres οἱ τὰς οἰκίας ἐκ[τη] μένοι τήν τε ἀνδρείαν καὶ τὴν γυναικ[εί] αν παρεχόντω IC 36c.33, 36.
German (Pape)
[Seite 217] ἡ, = ἀνδρία. Obwohl sich kaum bei dem großen Schwanken der mss. etwas Sicheres über die Schreibung ausmachen läßt, so ist doch gewiß ἀνδρεία nicht zu verwerfen, ja scheint die Form des älteren Atticismus (Ellendt lex. Soph. richtig als fem. von ἀνδρεῖος, sc. ἀρετή od. ἡλικία erkl., vgl. das ion. ἀνδρηΐη, Her. 7, 99), die sich entweder nach Analogie der gewöhnlichen Endung der Abstracta in ἀνδρία umänderte, wobei der Gleichklang in der Sprache der Sp. wenigstens nicht zu übersehen, od., wie Ellendt meint, aus ἀνορία, analog dem homer. ἀνορέη, gebildet ist. So Aesch. Spt. 52; Soph. El. 971; durchweg bei Plat.; Bekk. auch Ar. Nubb. 502. S. ἀνδρία. Her. 7, 99 ἀνδρηΐη. – Harpocr. erkl. ἀνδρεία ἡ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἡλικία, aus Antipho.
French (Bailly abrégé)
1ας (ἡ) :
virilité, courage, bravoure.
Étymologie: ἀνδρεῖος.
2fém. de ἀνδρεῖος.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
ἀνδρεία:
I v.l. ἀνδρία, ион. ἀνδρηΐη ἡ
1 мужество, отвага, доблесть, Trag., Her., Thuc., Xen., Plat., Arst.;
2 подвиг, доблестный поступок Plat.
II f к ἀνδρεῖος.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
ἀνδρεία: ἡ, Ἰων. -ηΐη (Ἡρόδ. 7. 99), συνήθως ἐν τοῖς χειρογρ. ἀπαντᾷ ἀνδρία συμφώνως τῇ γνώμῃ τοῦ Ἀπολλων. (Α. Β. 546), πολεμηθείσῃ καὶ ἀναιρεθείσῃ ὑπ’ ἄλλων γραμμ. ἐν Ἐτυμολ. Μ. 461. 53, πρβλ. Δινδορφ. Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 510: - ἀνδρεία ἀπαιτεῖ τὸ μέτρον ἐν Ἀριστοφ. Νεφ. 510, καὶ δέν ἀντιβαίνει ποτὲ εἰς τὸ μέτρον ἐν τοῖς ὀλίγοις ποιητικοῖς χωρίοις, ἔνθα ἀπαντᾷ (Σιμωνίδ. 26, Αἰσχύλ. Θ. 52, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 983, Εὐρ. Τρῳ. 669), μόνον ἐν Εὐρ. Ἡρ. Μαιν. 475 ἀπαιτεῖται ἡ διὰ τοῦ ι γραφή, μέγα φρονῶν ἐπ’ ἀνδρίᾳ (ἔνθα ὅμως ὁ Ἐλμσλ. διώρθωσεν εὐανδρίᾳ), καὶ παρὰ μεταγ. τινὶ ποιητῇ ἐν τοῖς Παρισινοῖς Ἀνεκδ. Κραμήρου 4. 342. Ὁ τύπος ἀνδρεία βεβαιοῦται προσέτι καὶ ἐκ τοῦ Ἰων. ἀνδρηΐη καὶ ἤδη ἐγένετο καθόλου ἀποδεκτός. Ἡ δὲ σημασία τῆς λέξεως εἶναι ἡ αὐτὴ ὡς καὶ νῦν = τὸ ἀνδρικόν, ἡ ἀνδρότης, τὸ ἀνδρικὸν πνεῦμα, ὁ ἀνδρικὸς χαρακτήρ, ἡ γενναιότης, Λατ. virtus, ἀντίκειται δὲ τῇ δειλίᾳ, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 1, 16· ἀλλ’ ἐν Σοφ. Ἠλ. 983, ἐπὶ γυναικῶν· πρβλ. Ἀριστ. Ρητ. 1. 9, Ἠθ. Ν. 3. 9· ἀνδρεία περί τι Στράβ. 140: - κατὰ πληθ. = γενναῖαι πράξεις, γενναῖα κατορθώματα, Πλάτ. Νόμ. 922 Α. ΙΙ. ἐπὶ κακῆς σημασίας = ἀναίδεια, αὐθάδεια, Οὐϋτεμβ. Ἐπιστ. Κρ. σ. 233. 275.
Greek Monolingual
η (AM ἀνδρεία)
η ιδιότητα του ανδρείου, αντρειοσύνη, αντρειά
μσν.
1. ικανότητα, δεξιότητα
2. ανδρική ηλικία, ενηλικίωση
αρχ.
πληθ. αἱ ἀνδρεῖαι
γενναίες πράξεις, κατορθώματα.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < ανδρείος. Η γραφή της λ. αμφισβητείται. Τα χειρόγραφα παραδίδουν γενικά τ. ανδρία, με τον οποίο συμφωνεί και ο γραμματικός Απολλώνιος ο Δύσκολος. Τόσο όμως η μετρική και η μορφολογία όσο και ο ιων. τ. ανδρίη συντείνουν υπέρ της γραφής με -ει-. Μοναδική εξαίρεση αποτελεί ο τ. επ-ανδρίᾳ ή ευανδρίᾳ (Ευρ. Ηρ. μαιν., στ. 475)].
Greek Monotonic
ἀνδρεία: Ιων. -ηίη, ἡ (το ἀνδρία είναι αμφίβ. τύπος), γενναιότητα, ανδροσύνη, ανδρικό φρόνημα και ήθος, Λατ. virtus, σε Τραγ. κ.λπ.
Middle Liddell
ἀνδρία is a doubtful form.]
manliness, manhood, manly spirit, Lat. virtus, Trag., etc.
English (Woodhouse)
Lexicon Thucydideum
[et and ἀνδρία, nam scriptura nusquam certa est; Popp. proleg. for the text is nowhere certain; Poppo's prolegomena III, alas, p. page 113], fortitudo, courage, 2.39.4, 2.87.4, 3.82.4, 5.72.2, 6.69.1. 6.72.2, 6.72.4.
Translations
bravery
Afrikaans: dapperheid; Albanian: guxim, trimëri; Arabic: شَجَاعَة; Armenian: քաջություն, արիություն, խիզախություն; Asturian: bravura, braveza; Azerbaijani: cəsarət, igidlik; Belarusian: смеласць, храбрасць, адвага; Bengali: বাহাদুরী, কেরদানী; Bulgarian: смелост, храброст; Burmese: ရဲစွမ်းသတ္တိ; Catalan: bravesa, bravor, bravura, valor; Chinese Mandarin: 勇敢; Czech: statečnost, odvaha; Danish: mod, tapperhed; Dutch: moed, dapperheid; Estonian: vaprus; Faroese: mót, dirvi; Finnish: rohkeus; French: courage; Galician: bravura, braveza; Georgian: სიმამაცე, ვაჟკაცობა; German: Tapferkeit; Greek: ανδρεία; Ancient Greek: ἀνδραγαθία, ἀνδραγαθίη, θάρσος, ἀνδρεία, τἀνδρεῖον, τὸ ἀνδρεῖον; Hindi: बहादुरी, वीरता; Icelandic: hugrekki; Ido: braveso; Indonesian: keberanian; Irish: crógacht; Japanese: 勇気, 剛勇; Khmer: សេចក្ដីក្លាហាន; Korean: 용감성, 용감, 용기; Latin: militia; Latvian: drosme; Lithuanian: drąsa; Macedonian: храброст, смелост; Malayalam: ധീരത; Maori: hautoa, māia, toa; Middle English: douȝtines; Norwegian Bokmål: mot, tapperhet; Occitan: bravesa; Old English: ellen; Persian: شجاعت; Polish: odwaga, śmiałość; Portuguese: bravura, braveza; Romanian: bravură, curaj, bărbăție; Russian: храбрость, смелость, отвага; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: храброст, смелост; Roman: hrabrost, smelost; Slovak: statočnosť, odvaha; Slovene: pogum, hrabrost; Spanish: valor; Swahili: ujasiri; Swedish: tapperhet; Turkish: cesaret, cesurluk, yiğitlik; Ukrainian: хоробрість, сміливість, відвага; Vietnamese: sự dũng cảm
courage
Abkhaz: агәымшәара; Afrikaans: moed, dapperheid; Albanian: guxim, trimëri; Arabic: شَجَاعَة, جَسَارَة; Egyptian Arabic: جسارة; Hijazi Arabic: شجاعة; South Levantine Arabic: شجاعة; Aragonese: corache; Armenian: քաջություն, արիություն, խիզախություն; Assamese: সাহ, সাহস; Asturian: coraxe, bravura, braveza; Azerbaijani: cəsarət; Bashkir: батырлыҡ, ҡыйыулыҡ, тәүәккәллек, баҙнатлыҡ; Basque: kemen; Belarusian: смеласць, храбрасць, адвага, мужнасць; Bengali: সাহস; Breton: nerz-kalon; Bulgarian: смелост, храброст, кураж; Burmese: သူရသတ္တိ; Catalan: coratge, valor; Cherokee: ᎠᎵᎦᎵᏴᎯ; Chinese Mandarin: 勇氣/勇气, 膽量/胆量; Czech: odvaha, kuráž, statečnost; Danish: mod, tapperhed; Dutch: moed, dapperheid; Esperanto: kuraĝo; Estonian: julgus, vaprus; Faroese: dirvi, mót, áræði, treysti; Finnish: rohkeus, urheus, urhoollisuus; French: bravoure, courage, cœur, vaillance; Friulian: fiât; Galician: afouteza, coraxe, carraxe, brúo, braveza, xirio, ardemento, cordoxo; Georgian: გულადობა, მამაცობა, ვაჟკაცობა; German: Courage, Herz, Mut, Tapferkeit; Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹; Greek: κουράγιο, θάρρος, γενναιότητα, ανδρεία; Ancient Greek: ἀγηνορία, αἷμα, ἀλκή, ἀνάτασις, ἀνδραγαθία, ἀνδραγαθίη, ἀνδρεία, ἀρετή, εὐανδρία, εὐτολμία, θάρρος, θάρσος, θέρσος, θράσος, κάρτος, λῆμα, μένος, τἀνδρεῖον, τὸ ἀνδρεῖον, τόλμα, τόλμη, φρόνημα; Guaraní: py'aguasu; Gujarati: હિંમત; Hawaiian: koa; Hebrew: אֹמֶץ; Hindi: साहस, हौसला, हिम्मत; Hungarian: bátorság; Icelandic: hugrekki, kjarkur; Ido: kurajo; Indonesian: keberanian; Interlingua: corage; Irish: misneach, sprid; Italian: coraggio; Japanese: 勇気, 度胸; Javanese: wani, kawenan; Kazakh: батылдық, аужарлық; Khmer: សេចក្ដីក្លាហាន; Korean: 용기(勇氣); Kurdish Northern Kurdish: wêrekî, bistehî, cesaret, curet, mêranî; Kyrgyz: кайрат, кайраттуулук, жүрөктүүлүк; Ladino: koraje, animo, djesaret; Lao: ເສົາຣະຍະ, ຄວາມກ້າຫານ; Latin: fortitudo, virtus, animus, audentia; Latvian: drosme; Lithuanian: drąsa; Luxembourgish: Mutt, Courage; Macedonian: храброст, смелост; Malay: keberanian; Malayalam: ധൈര്യം; Maltese: kuraġġ; Maori: hautoa, māia, toa; Mirandese: coraige; Mongolian: эр зориг; Nepali: बहादुरी, साहस; Norwegian Bokmål: mot, tapperhet; Occitan: coratge; Old English: nōþ; Ossetian: хъӕбатырдзинад; Persian: شهامت, جرات, جسارت, شجاعت; Polish: odwaga, męstwo, śmiałość; Portuguese: coragem, coração, valentia; Romanian: curaj; Russian: смелость, храбрость, отвага, мужество; Scottish Gaelic: tapachd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: храбро̄ст, сме̏ло̄ст; Roman: hrábrōst, smȅlōst; Sicilian: curaggiu; Slovak: odvaha; Slovene: pogum, hrabrost; Spanish: coraje, valor, valentía; Swahili: ujasiri; Swedish: mod, tapperhet; Tagalog: tapang, katapangan, lakas ng loob; Tajik: ҷасурӣ, далерӣ, диловарӣ, ҷуръат, ҷасорат; Tamil: தைரியம்; Telugu: ధైర్యము; Thai: ความกล้า, ความกล้าหาญ; Tibetan: སྙིང་སྟོབས; Turkish: cesaret, yüreklilik; Turkmen: batyrlyk, mertlik, ýüreklilik; Tuvan: эрес дидим чорук; Ukrainian: сміливість, хоробрість, мужність, відвага; Urdu: ساہس, ہمت; Uyghur: جاسارەت; Uzbek: botirlik, jasurlik, mardlik, jasorat; Vietnamese: can đảm; Volapük: kurad; Welsh: hyfdra; West Frisian: moed; White Hmong: peevxwm, peev xwm; Yiddish: מוט; Zazaki: cesaret, egitey; Zulu: isibindi
excellence
Afrikaans: uitmuntendheid, voortreflikheid; Armenian: գերազանցություն; Bikol Central: bansay; Bulgarian: превъзходство; Catalan: excel·lència; Chinese Mandarin: 卓越; Choctaw: achukma; Czech: výtečnost; Dutch: uitmuntendheid, voortreffelijkheid, excellentie; Esperanto: brileco, bonegeco; French: excellence; Galician: excelencia, prominencia; German: Vortrefflichkeit; Greek: αριστεία, υπεροχή; Ancient Greek: ἀκρότης, ἀνδρεία, ἀξίωσις, ἀρειότης, ἀρετά, ἀρετή, ἀριστεία, ἀριστείη, ἄχνη, διαφορά, δοκιμότης, ἐκπρέπεια, ἐμπρέπεια, ἐνδοξότης, κορυφαιότης, τὸ χρήσιμον, ὑπεροχή; Hindi: कमाल; Irish: feabhas; Italian: eccellenza; Japanese: 優秀さ; Latin: excellentia; Latvian: izcilība; Macedonian: извонредност, превосходство; Malayalam: മികവ്, മേന്മ; Maori: panekiretanga, hiranga, huhuatanga; Occitan: excelléncia; Polish: świetność; Portuguese: excelência; Russian: превосходство; Spanish: excelencia, prestancia; Tamil: சிறப்பு, மேன்மை; Tocharian B: śpālmäññe