alienus: Difference between revisions
Τοὺς δούλους ἔταξεν ὡρισμένου νομίσματος ὁμιλεῖν ταῖς θεραπαινίσιν → He arranged for his male slaves to have sex with female slaves at a fixed price (Plutarch, Life of Cato the Elder 21.2)
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|lshtext=<b>ălĭēnus</b>: a, um 2. [[alius]].<br /><b>I</b> Adj.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[that]] belongs to [[another]] [[person]], [[place]], [[object]], etc., not one's [[own]], [[another]]'s, of [[another]], [[foreign]], [[alien]] (opp. [[suus]]): NEVE. ALIENAM. SEGETEM. PELLEXERIS., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, and Serv. ad Verg. E. 8, 99: [[plus]] ex [[alieno]] jecore sapiunt [[quam]] ex suo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 111; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 88, and Lind. ib. 2, 3, 3: [[quom]] sciet alienum puerum (the [[child]] of [[another]]) tolli pro suo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 61: in aedīs inruit Alienas, id. Ad. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 1, 125: alienae partes anni, Lucr. 1, 182; so Verg. G. 2, 149: pecuniis alienis locupletari, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137: [[cura]] rerum alienarum, id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 2, 23, 83: alienos [[mores]] ad suos referre, Nep. Epam. 1, 1: in altissimo gradu alienis opibus poni, Cic. Sest. 20: [[semper]] regibus aliena [[virtus]] formidolosa est, Sall. C. 7, 2: amissis bonis alienas [[opes]] exspectare, id. ib. 58. 10 Herz.: aliena [[mulier]], [[another]] [[man]]'s [[wife]], Cic. Cael. 37: [[mulier]] alieni viri sermonibus assuefacta, of [[another]] [[woman]]'s [[husband]], Liv. 1, 46: virtutem et [[bonum]] alienum oderunt, id. 35, 43: alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus, alienā memoriā salutamus, alienā operā vivimus, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19: [[oportet]] [[enim]] omnia aut ad alienum [[arbitrium]] aut ad suum facere, Plin. Ep. 6, 14; so Suet. Claud. 2: alienum cursum alienumque rectorem, [[velut]] captā [[nave]], sequi, Plin. [[Pan]]. 82, 3; Tac. A. 15, 1 fin.: pudicitiae [[neque]] suae [[neque]] alienae pepercit, Suet. Calig. 36: epistolas orationesque et edicta [[alieno]] formabat ingenio, i. e. caused to be written by [[another]], id. Dom. 20: te conjux aliena capit, Hor. S. 2, 7, 46; 1, 1, 110; so id. ib. 1, 3, 116: [[vulnus]], intended for [[another]], Verg. A. 10, 781: aliena cornua, of Actæon transformed [[into]] a [[stag]], Ov. M. 3, 139: [[alieno]] Marte pugnabant, sc. equites, i. e. [[without]] horses, as footmen, Liv. 3, 62: aes alienum, lit. [[another]]'s [[money]]; [[hence]], in [[reference]] to him [[who]] has it, a [[debt]]; cf. aes. So also: aliena nomina, debts in others' names, debts [[contracted]] by others, Sall. C. 35, 3.—<br /> <b>B</b> Esp.<br /> <b>1</b> In [[reference]] to [[relationship]] or [[friendship]], not belonging to one, [[alien]] from, not [[related]] or [[allied]], not [[friendly]], [[inimical]], [[strange]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 43: [[alienus]] est ab nostrā familiā, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 28; id. Heaut. 5, 4, 6 Ruhnk.: multi ex finibus suis egressi se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt, to [[utter]] strangers, Caes. B. G. 6, 31: non [[alienus]] [[sanguine]] regibus, Liv. 29, 29; Vell. 2, 76.— Hence [[alienus]] and [[propinquus]] are antith., Cic. Lael. 5, 19: ut [[neque]] amicis [[neque]] [[etiam]] alienioribus desim, id. Fam. 1, 9 Manut.: ut tuum [[factum]] alieni hominis, [[meum]] [[vero]] conjunctissimi et amicissimi esse videatur, id. ib. 3, 6.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: alienum esse in or ab aliquā re, to be a [[stranger]] to a [[thing]], i. e. not to be versed in or [[familiar]] [[with]], not to [[understand]]: in physicis [[Epicurus]] [[totus]] est [[alienus]], Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17: [[homo]] non [[alienus]] a litteris, not a [[stranger]] to, not unversed in, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26.—<br /> <b>3</b> Foreign to a [[thing]], i. e. not suited to it, [[unsuitable]], [[incongruous]], [[inadequate]], [[inconsistent]], [[unseasonable]], [[inapposite]], [[different]] from (opp. [[aptus]]); constr. [[with]] gen., dat., abl., and ab; cf. Burm. ad Ov. F. 1, 4; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5; Spald. ad Quint. 6, 3, 33; Zumpt, Gr. § 384.<br /> <b>(a)</b> With gen.: pacis (deorum), Lucr. 6, 69: salutis, id. 3, 832: aliarum rerum, id. 6, 1064: dignitatis alicujus, Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 11: [[neque]] aliena consili (sc. [[domus]] D. Bruti), [[convenient]] for [[consultation]], Sall. C. 40, 5 Kritz al.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With dat.: [[quod]] [[illi]] causae [[maxime]] est alienum, Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: arti oratoriae, Quint. prooem. 5; 4, 2, 62; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.—<br /> <b>(g)</b> With abl.: [[neque]] hoc dii alienum ducunt majestate suā, Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83: homine alienissimum, id. Off. 1, 13, 41: dignitate imperii, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 18: amicitiā, id. Fam. 11, 27: existimatione meā, id. Att. 6, 1: [[domus]] [[magis]] his aliena malis, [[farther]] from, Hor. S. 1, 9, 50: [[loco]], tempore, Quint. 6, 3, 33.—<br /> <b>(d)</b> With ab: alienum a vitā meā, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 21: a dignitate rei publicae, Tib. Gracch. ap. Gell. 7, 19, 7: a sapiente, Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132: a dignitate, id. Fam. 4, 7: navigationis [[labor]] [[alienus]] non ab aetate [[solum]] nostrā, [[verum]] [[etiam]] a dignitate, id. Att. 16, 3.—（ε) With inf. or [[clause]] as [[subject]]: nec aptius est quidquam ad [[opes]] tuendas [[quam]] diligi, nec alienius [[quam]] timeri, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23: non alienum videtur, quale [[praemium]] Miltiadi [[sit]] [[tributum]], docere, Nep. Milt. 6, 1.—<br /> <b>4</b> Averse, [[hostile]], [[unfriendly]], unfavorable to: illum [[alieno]] [[animo]] a nobis esse res ipsa indicat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 40; Cic. Deiot. 9, 24: a [[Pyrrho]] non [[nimis]] alienos animos habemus, id. Lael. 8 fin.: [[sin]] a me est alienior, id. Fam. 2, 17: ex alienissimis amicissimos reddere, id. ib. 15, 4 al.: Muciani [[animus]] nec Vespasiano [[alienus]], Tac. H. 2, 74.—Rar. transf. to things; as in the histt., [[alienus]] [[locus]], a [[place]] or [[ground]] unfavorable for an [[engagement]], [[disadvantageous]] (opp. [[suus]] or [[opportunus]]; cf. Gron. Obs. 4, 17, 275): [[alieno]] [[loco]] [[proelium]] committunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 15: alienissimo sibi [[loco]] [[contra]] opportunissimo hostibus conflixit, Nep. Them. 4, 5 Brem.—So of [[time]] unfitting, [[inconvenient]], unfavorable, Varr. R. R. 3, 16: ad judicium corrumpendum [[tempus]] alienum, Cic. Verr. 1, 5; id. Caecin. 67: vir [[egregius]] alienissimo rei publicae tempore [[exstinctus]], id. Brut. 1; id. Fam. 15, 14.—Of [[other]] things: alienum ([[dangerous]], [[perilous]], [[hurtful]]) suis rationibus, Sall. C. 56, 5; Cels. 4, 5.—<br /> <b>5</b> In medic. lang.<br /> <b>a</b> Of the [[body]], [[dead]], [[corrupted]], paralyzed (cf. [[alieno]], II. B. 2.), Scrib. Comp. 201.—<br /> <b>b</b> Of the [[mind]], [[insane]], [[mad]] (cf. [[alieno]] and [[alienatio]]): Neque [[solum]] illis aliena [[mens]] erat, qui conscii conjurationis fuerant, Sall. C. 37, 1 Herz.—<br /><b>II</b> Subst.<br /> <b>1</b> ălĭēnus, i, m., a [[stranger]].<br /> <b>a</b> One not belonging to one's [[house]], [[family]], or [[country]]: [[apud]] me cenant alieni [[novem]], Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 21: ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed [[invitatus]] ad tuos īsse videaris, Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23: quas copias proximis suppeditari aequius est, eas transferunt ad alienos, id. Off. 1, 14: cives potiores [[quam]] peregrini, propinqui [[quam]] alieni, id. Am. 5, 19: [[quasi]] ad alienos [[durius]] loquebatur, Vulg. Gen. 42, 7: a filiis suis an ab alienis? ib. Matt. 17, 24: cives potiores [[quam]] peregrini, propinqui [[quam]] alieni, Cic. Lael. 5: [[quod]] [[alieno]] [[testimonium]] redderem, in eo non fraudabo avum [[meum]], Vell. 2, 76.—<br /> <b>b</b> One not [[related]] to a [[person]] or [[thing]]: in longinquos, in propinquos, in alienos, in suos irruebat, Cic. Mil. 28, 76: vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, naturae benignitatem miretur, Col. 3, 21, 3.—<br /> <b>2</b> ălĭēnum, i, n., the [[property]] of a [[stranger]]: Haec erunt vilici officia: [[alieno]] manum abstineant, etc., [[Cato]], R. R. 5, 1: [[alieno]] abstinuit, Suet. Tit. 7: ex [[alieno]] largiri, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; so, de [[alieno]] largiri, Just. 36, 3, 9: alieni [[appetens]], sui [[profugus]], Sall. C. 5; Liv. 5, 5: in aliena [[aedificium]] exstruere, Cic. Mil. 27, 74 (cf.: in [[alieno]] [[solo]] aedificare, Dig. 41, 1, 7).—Plur.,<br /> <b>a</b> The [[property]] of a [[stranger]]: [[quid]] est aliud aliis sua eripere, aliis [[dare]] aliena? Cic. Off. 2, 23; Liv. 30, 30: aliena pervadere, a [[foreign]] (in opp. to the Roman) [[province]], Amm. 23, 1.—<br /> <b>b</b> The affairs or interests of strangers: Men. Chreme, tantumue ab re tuast oti [[tibi]], aliena ut cures, ea, quae [[nihil]] ad te attinent. Chrem. Homo [[sum]]; humani [[nihil]] a me alienum [[puto]], Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23: aliena ut [[melius]] videant [[quam]] sua, id. ib. 3, 1, 95.—<br /> <b>c</b> Things [[strange]], [[foreign]], not belonging to the [[matter]] in [[hand]]: Quod si hominibus bonarum rerum tanta [[cura]] esset, [[quanto]] [[studio]] aliena ac [[nihil]] profutura multumque [[etiam]] periculosa petunt, etc., Sall. J. 1, 5; [[hence]], aliena loqui, to [[talk]] [[strangely]], [[wildly]], [[like]] a [[crazy]] [[person]]: Quin [[etiam]], sic me dicunt aliena locutum, Ut foret amenti [[nomen]] in [[ore]] tuum, Ov. Tr. 3, 19: [[interdum]] in accessione aegros desipere et aliena loqui, Cels. 3, 18 (v. [[alieniloquium]]).!*? Comp. [[rare]], [[but]] [[sup]]. [[very]] freq.; no adv. in [[use]]. | |lshtext=<b>ălĭēnus</b>: a, um 2. [[alius]].<br /><b>I</b> Adj.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen., [[that]] belongs to [[another]] [[person]], [[place]], [[object]], etc., not one's [[own]], [[another]]'s, of [[another]], [[foreign]], [[alien]] (opp. [[suus]]): NEVE. ALIENAM. SEGETEM. PELLEXERIS., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, and Serv. ad Verg. E. 8, 99: [[plus]] ex [[alieno]] jecore sapiunt [[quam]] ex suo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 111; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 88, and Lind. ib. 2, 3, 3: [[quom]] sciet alienum puerum (the [[child]] of [[another]]) tolli pro suo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 61: in aedīs inruit Alienas, id. Ad. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 1, 125: alienae partes anni, Lucr. 1, 182; so Verg. G. 2, 149: pecuniis alienis locupletari, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137: [[cura]] rerum alienarum, id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 2, 23, 83: alienos [[mores]] ad suos referre, Nep. Epam. 1, 1: in altissimo gradu alienis opibus poni, Cic. Sest. 20: [[semper]] regibus aliena [[virtus]] formidolosa est, Sall. C. 7, 2: amissis bonis alienas [[opes]] exspectare, id. ib. 58. 10 Herz.: aliena [[mulier]], [[another]] [[man]]'s [[wife]], Cic. Cael. 37: [[mulier]] alieni viri sermonibus assuefacta, of [[another]] [[woman]]'s [[husband]], Liv. 1, 46: virtutem et [[bonum]] alienum oderunt, id. 35, 43: alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus, alienā memoriā salutamus, alienā operā vivimus, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19: [[oportet]] [[enim]] omnia aut ad alienum [[arbitrium]] aut ad suum facere, Plin. Ep. 6, 14; so Suet. Claud. 2: alienum cursum alienumque rectorem, [[velut]] captā [[nave]], sequi, Plin. [[Pan]]. 82, 3; Tac. A. 15, 1 fin.: pudicitiae [[neque]] suae [[neque]] alienae pepercit, Suet. Calig. 36: epistolas orationesque et edicta [[alieno]] formabat ingenio, i. e. caused to be written by [[another]], id. Dom. 20: te conjux aliena capit, Hor. S. 2, 7, 46; 1, 1, 110; so id. ib. 1, 3, 116: [[vulnus]], intended for [[another]], Verg. A. 10, 781: aliena cornua, of Actæon transformed [[into]] a [[stag]], Ov. M. 3, 139: [[alieno]] Marte pugnabant, sc. equites, i. e. [[without]] horses, as footmen, Liv. 3, 62: aes alienum, lit. [[another]]'s [[money]]; [[hence]], in [[reference]] to him [[who]] has it, a [[debt]]; cf. aes. So also: aliena nomina, debts in others' names, debts [[contracted]] by others, Sall. C. 35, 3.—<br /> <b>B</b> Esp.<br /> <b>1</b> In [[reference]] to [[relationship]] or [[friendship]], not belonging to one, [[alien]] from, not [[related]] or [[allied]], not [[friendly]], [[inimical]], [[strange]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 43: [[alienus]] est ab nostrā familiā, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 28; id. Heaut. 5, 4, 6 Ruhnk.: multi ex finibus suis egressi se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt, to [[utter]] strangers, Caes. B. G. 6, 31: non [[alienus]] [[sanguine]] regibus, Liv. 29, 29; Vell. 2, 76.— Hence [[alienus]] and [[propinquus]] are antith., Cic. Lael. 5, 19: ut [[neque]] amicis [[neque]] [[etiam]] alienioribus desim, id. Fam. 1, 9 Manut.: ut tuum [[factum]] alieni hominis, [[meum]] [[vero]] conjunctissimi et amicissimi esse videatur, id. ib. 3, 6.—<br /> <b>2</b> Trop.: alienum esse in or ab aliquā re, to be a [[stranger]] to a [[thing]], i. e. not to be versed in or [[familiar]] [[with]], not to [[understand]]: in physicis [[Epicurus]] [[totus]] est [[alienus]], Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17: [[homo]] non [[alienus]] a litteris, not a [[stranger]] to, not unversed in, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26.—<br /> <b>3</b> Foreign to a [[thing]], i. e. not suited to it, [[unsuitable]], [[incongruous]], [[inadequate]], [[inconsistent]], [[unseasonable]], [[inapposite]], [[different]] from (opp. [[aptus]]); constr. [[with]] gen., dat., abl., and ab; cf. Burm. ad Ov. F. 1, 4; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5; Spald. ad Quint. 6, 3, 33; Zumpt, Gr. § 384.<br /> <b>(a)</b> With gen.: pacis (deorum), Lucr. 6, 69: salutis, id. 3, 832: aliarum rerum, id. 6, 1064: dignitatis alicujus, Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 11: [[neque]] aliena consili (sc. [[domus]] D. Bruti), [[convenient]] for [[consultation]], Sall. C. 40, 5 Kritz al.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> With dat.: [[quod]] [[illi]] causae [[maxime]] est alienum, Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: arti oratoriae, Quint. prooem. 5; 4, 2, 62; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.—<br /> <b>(g)</b> With abl.: [[neque]] hoc dii alienum ducunt majestate suā, Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83: homine alienissimum, id. Off. 1, 13, 41: dignitate imperii, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 18: amicitiā, id. Fam. 11, 27: existimatione meā, id. Att. 6, 1: [[domus]] [[magis]] his aliena malis, [[farther]] from, Hor. S. 1, 9, 50: [[loco]], tempore, Quint. 6, 3, 33.—<br /> <b>(d)</b> With ab: alienum a vitā meā, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 21: a dignitate rei publicae, Tib. Gracch. ap. Gell. 7, 19, 7: a sapiente, Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132: a dignitate, id. Fam. 4, 7: navigationis [[labor]] [[alienus]] non ab aetate [[solum]] nostrā, [[verum]] [[etiam]] a dignitate, id. Att. 16, 3.—（ε) With inf. or [[clause]] as [[subject]]: nec aptius est quidquam ad [[opes]] tuendas [[quam]] diligi, nec alienius [[quam]] timeri, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23: non alienum videtur, quale [[praemium]] Miltiadi [[sit]] [[tributum]], docere, Nep. Milt. 6, 1.—<br /> <b>4</b> Averse, [[hostile]], [[unfriendly]], unfavorable to: illum [[alieno]] [[animo]] a nobis esse res ipsa indicat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 40; Cic. Deiot. 9, 24: a [[Pyrrho]] non [[nimis]] alienos animos habemus, id. Lael. 8 fin.: [[sin]] a me est alienior, id. Fam. 2, 17: ex alienissimis amicissimos reddere, id. ib. 15, 4 al.: Muciani [[animus]] nec Vespasiano [[alienus]], Tac. H. 2, 74.—Rar. transf. to things; as in the histt., [[alienus]] [[locus]], a [[place]] or [[ground]] unfavorable for an [[engagement]], [[disadvantageous]] (opp. [[suus]] or [[opportunus]]; cf. Gron. Obs. 4, 17, 275): [[alieno]] [[loco]] [[proelium]] committunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 15: alienissimo sibi [[loco]] [[contra]] opportunissimo hostibus conflixit, Nep. Them. 4, 5 Brem.—So of [[time]] unfitting, [[inconvenient]], unfavorable, Varr. R. R. 3, 16: ad judicium corrumpendum [[tempus]] alienum, Cic. Verr. 1, 5; id. Caecin. 67: vir [[egregius]] alienissimo rei publicae tempore [[exstinctus]], id. Brut. 1; id. Fam. 15, 14.—Of [[other]] things: alienum ([[dangerous]], [[perilous]], [[hurtful]]) suis rationibus, Sall. C. 56, 5; Cels. 4, 5.—<br /> <b>5</b> In medic. lang.<br /> <b>a</b> Of the [[body]], [[dead]], [[corrupted]], paralyzed (cf. [[alieno]], II. B. 2.), Scrib. Comp. 201.—<br /> <b>b</b> Of the [[mind]], [[insane]], [[mad]] (cf. [[alieno]] and [[alienatio]]): Neque [[solum]] illis aliena [[mens]] erat, qui conscii conjurationis fuerant, Sall. C. 37, 1 Herz.—<br /><b>II</b> Subst.<br /> <b>1</b> ălĭēnus, i, m., a [[stranger]].<br /> <b>a</b> One not belonging to one's [[house]], [[family]], or [[country]]: [[apud]] me cenant alieni [[novem]], Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 21: ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed [[invitatus]] ad tuos īsse videaris, Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23: quas copias proximis suppeditari aequius est, eas transferunt ad alienos, id. Off. 1, 14: cives potiores [[quam]] peregrini, propinqui [[quam]] alieni, id. Am. 5, 19: [[quasi]] ad alienos [[durius]] loquebatur, Vulg. Gen. 42, 7: a filiis suis an ab alienis? ib. Matt. 17, 24: cives potiores [[quam]] peregrini, propinqui [[quam]] alieni, Cic. Lael. 5: [[quod]] [[alieno]] [[testimonium]] redderem, in eo non fraudabo avum [[meum]], Vell. 2, 76.—<br /> <b>b</b> One not [[related]] to a [[person]] or [[thing]]: in longinquos, in propinquos, in alienos, in suos irruebat, Cic. Mil. 28, 76: vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, naturae benignitatem miretur, Col. 3, 21, 3.—<br /> <b>2</b> ălĭēnum, i, n., the [[property]] of a [[stranger]]: Haec erunt vilici officia: [[alieno]] manum abstineant, etc., [[Cato]], R. R. 5, 1: [[alieno]] abstinuit, Suet. Tit. 7: ex [[alieno]] largiri, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; so, de [[alieno]] largiri, Just. 36, 3, 9: alieni [[appetens]], sui [[profugus]], Sall. C. 5; Liv. 5, 5: in aliena [[aedificium]] exstruere, Cic. Mil. 27, 74 (cf.: in [[alieno]] [[solo]] aedificare, Dig. 41, 1, 7).—Plur.,<br /> <b>a</b> The [[property]] of a [[stranger]]: [[quid]] est aliud aliis sua eripere, aliis [[dare]] aliena? Cic. Off. 2, 23; Liv. 30, 30: aliena pervadere, a [[foreign]] (in opp. to the Roman) [[province]], Amm. 23, 1.—<br /> <b>b</b> The affairs or interests of strangers: Men. Chreme, tantumue ab re tuast oti [[tibi]], aliena ut cures, ea, quae [[nihil]] ad te attinent. Chrem. Homo [[sum]]; humani [[nihil]] a me alienum [[puto]], Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23: aliena ut [[melius]] videant [[quam]] sua, id. ib. 3, 1, 95.—<br /> <b>c</b> Things [[strange]], [[foreign]], not belonging to the [[matter]] in [[hand]]: Quod si hominibus bonarum rerum tanta [[cura]] esset, [[quanto]] [[studio]] aliena ac [[nihil]] profutura multumque [[etiam]] periculosa petunt, etc., Sall. J. 1, 5; [[hence]], aliena loqui, to [[talk]] [[strangely]], [[wildly]], [[like]] a [[crazy]] [[person]]: Quin [[etiam]], sic me dicunt aliena locutum, Ut foret amenti [[nomen]] in [[ore]] tuum, Ov. Tr. 3, 19: [[interdum]] in accessione aegros desipere et aliena loqui, Cels. 3, 18 (v. [[alieniloquium]]).!*? Comp. [[rare]], [[but]] [[sup]]. [[very]] freq.; no adv. in [[use]]. | ||
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|gf=(1) <b>ălĭēnus</b>,⁶ a, um ([[alius]]), qui appartient à un autre ;<br /> <b>I</b> idée d’autrui<br /><b>1</b> d’autrui : suos agros colebant, [[non]] alienos appetebant Cic. Amer. 50, ils cultivaient leurs propres champs, loin de convoiter ceux d’autrui ; ([[stella]]) [[luce]] lucebat aliena Cic. Rep. 6, 16, ([[cette]] étoile) brillait d’une lumière empruntée ; [[cito]] exarescit [[lacrima]], præsertim in alienis [[malis]] Cic. Part. 57, les larmes se sèchent vite, surtout quand il s’agit du malheur d’autrui ; [[suo]] alienoque Marte pugnare Liv. 3, 62, 9, combattre avec leurs méthodes propres et avec celles des autres || æs alienum, dette, v. æs || alienum, ī, n., le bien d’autrui, ce qui appartient aux autres : ex [[alieno]] largiri Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8, faire des largesses avec le bien d’autrui ; exstruere ædificium in [[alieno]] Cic. Mil. 74, construire sur la propriété d’autrui ; [[quicquam]] [[nec]] alieni curare [[nec]] [[sui]] Cic. Div. 2, 104, ne s’occuper en [[rien]] ni des affaires des autres ni des leurs<br /><b>2</b> étranger : quem hominem ? familiarem ? [[immo]] alienissimum Cic. Com. 49, quel homme [[est]]-ce ? un [[ami]] [[intime]] ? [[non]], au contraire, un étranger au premier chef ; [[per]] Staienum, hominem ab [[utroque]] alienissimum Cic. Clu. 87, par l’intermédiaire de Staiénus, qui [[est]] complètement étranger à l’un et à l’autre ; [[alienus]] alicui Cæl. d. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 2 ; Liv. 1, 20, 3, étranger à qqn || [pris subst<sup>t</sup>] æquabiliter in alienos, in suos inruebat Cic. Mil. 76, il fonçait indistinctement sur les étrangers et sur les siens ; alienissimos defendimus Cic. de Or. 2, 192, nous défendons les personnes qui nous sont le [[plus]] étrangères des [[gens]] tout à fait inconnus]<br /><b>3</b> étranger [de [[patrie]] : aliena [[religio]] Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 114, [[culte]] qui vient de l’étranger ; aliena instituta imitari Sall. C. 51, 37, copier les institutions étrangères || [pris subst<sup>t</sup>] [[non]] advenam [[nescio]] quem [[nec]] alienum, [[sed]] civem Romanum Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 156, [il dépose que tu as fait frapper de la hache] [[non]] pas je ne sais quel étranger domicilié (métèque) ou étranger de passage, mais un citoyen romain<br /><b>4</b> [rhét.] [[verbum]] alienum, terme qui n’[[est]] pas le mot propre : in propriis usitatisque verbis...; in alienis... Cic. Or. 80, parmi les mots propres et usuels...; parmi ceux qui ne le sont pas...; ([[res]]) [[quam]] [[alieno]] verbo posuimus Cic. de Or. 3, 155, (l’idée) que nous avons exprimée avec un mot qui n’[[est]] pas le sien.<br /> <b>II</b> idée de séparation, éloignement<br /><b>1</b> éloigné de, étranger à, hostile : ab [[aliquo]] Cic. Mur. 56 ; ab [[aliqua]] re Cic. Amer. 46. éloigné de qqn, de qqch. ; ab [[aliquo]] alienos animos habere Cic. Læl. 28, avoir de l’éloignement (de l’aversion) pour qqn ; [[alieno]] [[esse]] [[animo]] in Cæsarem Cæs. C. 1, 6, 2, avoir des sentiments hostiles contre César ; [[neque]] [[solum]] illis aliena [[mens]] erat qui conscii conjurationis fuerant Sall. C. 37, 1, et les dispositions hostiles ne se trouvaient pas seulement chez ceux-là, qui avaient été complices de la conjuration || [[alienus]] alicui Tac. H. 2, 74 ; Suet. Tib. 12, mal disposé pour qqn || [[neque]] aliena consili ([[domus]]) Sall. C. 40, 5, et elle [la maison de [[Brutus]] n’était pas hostile à l’entreprise [les conjurés y avaient accès]<br /><b>2</b> étranger à, impropre, déplacé : [[homo]] sum, humani [[nihil]] a me alienum [[puto]] Ter. Haut. 77, je [[suis]] homme et je considère que [[rien]] de ce qui concerne l’homme ne m’[[est]] étranger ; [[nihil]] [[est]] [[tam]] alienum ab eo [[quam]]... Cic. [[Sulla]] 31, [[rien]] ne lui convient moins que... ; [[oratio]] aliena ab judiciorum ratione Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 109, discours qui s’écarte de la pratique ordinaire des tribunaux || alienum mea [[natura]] videbatur... dicere Cic. Tull. 5, il répugnait visiblement à mon caractère de parler de...; [[mercatura]] aliena dignitate populi [[Romani]] Cic. Agr. 2, 65, trafic incompatible avec ([[indigne]] de) la dignité du peuple romain, cf. Or. 88 ; Vat. 28, etc.; utrumque homine alienissimum Cic. Off. 1, 41, les deux choses également sont très indignes de l’homme || [[quis]] alienum putet [[ejus]] [[esse]] dignitatis, [[quam]] [[mihi]] [[quisque]] tribuat..., exquirere Cic. Fin. 1, 11, qui croirait incompatible avec la dignité que chacun me concède de rechercher..., cf. Ac. 1, 42 ; Tim. 22 || [[non]] alienum [[esse]] videtur... proponere Cæs. G. 6, 11, 1, il semble qu’il ne soit pas hors de [[propos]] d’exposer...<br /><b>3</b> désavantageux, préjudiciable : hujus [[iter]] necessarium, illius [[etiam]] [[potius]] alienum Cic. Mil. 52, le voyage de l’un était indispensable, celui de l’autre était plutôt même contraire à ses intérêts ; [[ille]] [[sensim]] dicebat, [[quod]] causæ prodesset, tu [[cursim]] [[dicis]] aliena Cic. Phil. 2, 42, lui, il disait posément des choses capables de servir sa cause, toi, tu [[dis]] au galop des choses qui vont contre toi ; alienum [[tempus]] ad committendum prœlium Cæs. G. 4, 34, 2, moment désavantageux pour engager le combat, cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 5 ; [[alieno]] tempore Cic. Mil. 41, dans des circonstances désavantageuses (inopportunes) ; [[alieno]] [[loco]] Cæs. G. 1, 15, 2, dans un lieu défavorable ; omnium rerum [[nec]] aptius [[est]] [[quicquam]] ad [[opes]] tuendas [[quam]] diligi [[nec]] alienius [[quam]] timeri Cic. Off. 2, 23, il n’y a [[rien]] au monde de [[plus]] propre à la conservation de la puissance que d’inspirer l’affection, [[rien]] de [[plus]] contraire que d’inspirer la crainte || [[non]] aliena rationi nostræ fuit illius hæc præpostera [[prensatio]] Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1, cet [[acte]] de candidature intempestif de mon rival [[est]] loin d’avoir été préjudiciable à mon intérêt, cf. Cæc. 24 ; alienissimo [[sibi]] [[loco]] conflixit Nep. Them. 4, 5, il livra bataille dans un endroit qui lui était particulièrement défavorable. | |||
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Revision as of 06:32, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
ălĭēnus: a, um 2. alius.
I Adj.
A In gen., that belongs to another person, place, object, etc., not one's own, another's, of another, foreign, alien (opp. suus): NEVE. ALIENAM. SEGETEM. PELLEXERIS., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, and Serv. ad Verg. E. 8, 99: plus ex alieno jecore sapiunt quam ex suo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 111; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 88, and Lind. ib. 2, 3, 3: quom sciet alienum puerum (the child of another) tolli pro suo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 61: in aedīs inruit Alienas, id. Ad. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 1, 125: alienae partes anni, Lucr. 1, 182; so Verg. G. 2, 149: pecuniis alienis locupletari, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137: cura rerum alienarum, id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 2, 23, 83: alienos mores ad suos referre, Nep. Epam. 1, 1: in altissimo gradu alienis opibus poni, Cic. Sest. 20: semper regibus aliena virtus formidolosa est, Sall. C. 7, 2: amissis bonis alienas opes exspectare, id. ib. 58. 10 Herz.: aliena mulier, another man's wife, Cic. Cael. 37: mulier alieni viri sermonibus assuefacta, of another woman's husband, Liv. 1, 46: virtutem et bonum alienum oderunt, id. 35, 43: alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus, alienā memoriā salutamus, alienā operā vivimus, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19: oportet enim omnia aut ad alienum arbitrium aut ad suum facere, Plin. Ep. 6, 14; so Suet. Claud. 2: alienum cursum alienumque rectorem, velut captā nave, sequi, Plin. Pan. 82, 3; Tac. A. 15, 1 fin.: pudicitiae neque suae neque alienae pepercit, Suet. Calig. 36: epistolas orationesque et edicta alieno formabat ingenio, i. e. caused to be written by another, id. Dom. 20: te conjux aliena capit, Hor. S. 2, 7, 46; 1, 1, 110; so id. ib. 1, 3, 116: vulnus, intended for another, Verg. A. 10, 781: aliena cornua, of Actæon transformed into a stag, Ov. M. 3, 139: alieno Marte pugnabant, sc. equites, i. e. without horses, as footmen, Liv. 3, 62: aes alienum, lit. another's money; hence, in reference to him who has it, a debt; cf. aes. So also: aliena nomina, debts in others' names, debts contracted by others, Sall. C. 35, 3.—
B Esp.
1 In reference to relationship or friendship, not belonging to one, alien from, not related or allied, not friendly, inimical, strange, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 43: alienus est ab nostrā familiā, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 28; id. Heaut. 5, 4, 6 Ruhnk.: multi ex finibus suis egressi se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt, to utter strangers, Caes. B. G. 6, 31: non alienus sanguine regibus, Liv. 29, 29; Vell. 2, 76.— Hence alienus and propinquus are antith., Cic. Lael. 5, 19: ut neque amicis neque etiam alienioribus desim, id. Fam. 1, 9 Manut.: ut tuum factum alieni hominis, meum vero conjunctissimi et amicissimi esse videatur, id. ib. 3, 6.—
2 Trop.: alienum esse in or ab aliquā re, to be a stranger to a thing, i. e. not to be versed in or familiar with, not to understand: in physicis Epicurus totus est alienus, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17: homo non alienus a litteris, not a stranger to, not unversed in, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26.—
3 Foreign to a thing, i. e. not suited to it, unsuitable, incongruous, inadequate, inconsistent, unseasonable, inapposite, different from (opp. aptus); constr. with gen., dat., abl., and ab; cf. Burm. ad Ov. F. 1, 4; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5; Spald. ad Quint. 6, 3, 33; Zumpt, Gr. § 384.
(a) With gen.: pacis (deorum), Lucr. 6, 69: salutis, id. 3, 832: aliarum rerum, id. 6, 1064: dignitatis alicujus, Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 11: neque aliena consili (sc. domus D. Bruti), convenient for consultation, Sall. C. 40, 5 Kritz al.—
(b) With dat.: quod illi causae maxime est alienum, Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: arti oratoriae, Quint. prooem. 5; 4, 2, 62; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.—
(g) With abl.: neque hoc dii alienum ducunt majestate suā, Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83: homine alienissimum, id. Off. 1, 13, 41: dignitate imperii, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 18: amicitiā, id. Fam. 11, 27: existimatione meā, id. Att. 6, 1: domus magis his aliena malis, farther from, Hor. S. 1, 9, 50: loco, tempore, Quint. 6, 3, 33.—
(d) With ab: alienum a vitā meā, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 21: a dignitate rei publicae, Tib. Gracch. ap. Gell. 7, 19, 7: a sapiente, Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132: a dignitate, id. Fam. 4, 7: navigationis labor alienus non ab aetate solum nostrā, verum etiam a dignitate, id. Att. 16, 3.—（ε) With inf. or clause as subject: nec aptius est quidquam ad opes tuendas quam diligi, nec alienius quam timeri, Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23: non alienum videtur, quale praemium Miltiadi sit tributum, docere, Nep. Milt. 6, 1.—
4 Averse, hostile, unfriendly, unfavorable to: illum alieno animo a nobis esse res ipsa indicat, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 40; Cic. Deiot. 9, 24: a Pyrrho non nimis alienos animos habemus, id. Lael. 8 fin.: sin a me est alienior, id. Fam. 2, 17: ex alienissimis amicissimos reddere, id. ib. 15, 4 al.: Muciani animus nec Vespasiano alienus, Tac. H. 2, 74.—Rar. transf. to things; as in the histt., alienus locus, a place or ground unfavorable for an engagement, disadvantageous (opp. suus or opportunus; cf. Gron. Obs. 4, 17, 275): alieno loco proelium committunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 15: alienissimo sibi loco contra opportunissimo hostibus conflixit, Nep. Them. 4, 5 Brem.—So of time unfitting, inconvenient, unfavorable, Varr. R. R. 3, 16: ad judicium corrumpendum tempus alienum, Cic. Verr. 1, 5; id. Caecin. 67: vir egregius alienissimo rei publicae tempore exstinctus, id. Brut. 1; id. Fam. 15, 14.—Of other things: alienum (dangerous, perilous, hurtful) suis rationibus, Sall. C. 56, 5; Cels. 4, 5.—
5 In medic. lang.
a Of the body, dead, corrupted, paralyzed (cf. alieno, II. B. 2.), Scrib. Comp. 201.—
b Of the mind, insane, mad (cf. alieno and alienatio): Neque solum illis aliena mens erat, qui conscii conjurationis fuerant, Sall. C. 37, 1 Herz.—
II Subst.
1 ălĭēnus, i, m., a stranger.
a One not belonging to one's house, family, or country: apud me cenant alieni novem, Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 21: ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed invitatus ad tuos īsse videaris, Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23: quas copias proximis suppeditari aequius est, eas transferunt ad alienos, id. Off. 1, 14: cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, id. Am. 5, 19: quasi ad alienos durius loquebatur, Vulg. Gen. 42, 7: a filiis suis an ab alienis? ib. Matt. 17, 24: cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, Cic. Lael. 5: quod alieno testimonium redderem, in eo non fraudabo avum meum, Vell. 2, 76.—
b One not related to a person or thing: in longinquos, in propinquos, in alienos, in suos irruebat, Cic. Mil. 28, 76: vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, naturae benignitatem miretur, Col. 3, 21, 3.—
2 ălĭēnum, i, n., the property of a stranger: Haec erunt vilici officia: alieno manum abstineant, etc., Cato, R. R. 5, 1: alieno abstinuit, Suet. Tit. 7: ex alieno largiri, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; so, de alieno largiri, Just. 36, 3, 9: alieni appetens, sui profugus, Sall. C. 5; Liv. 5, 5: in aliena aedificium exstruere, Cic. Mil. 27, 74 (cf.: in alieno solo aedificare, Dig. 41, 1, 7).—Plur.,
a The property of a stranger: quid est aliud aliis sua eripere, aliis dare aliena? Cic. Off. 2, 23; Liv. 30, 30: aliena pervadere, a foreign (in opp. to the Roman) province, Amm. 23, 1.—
b The affairs or interests of strangers: Men. Chreme, tantumue ab re tuast oti tibi, aliena ut cures, ea, quae nihil ad te attinent. Chrem. Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum puto, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23: aliena ut melius videant quam sua, id. ib. 3, 1, 95.—
c Things strange, foreign, not belonging to the matter in hand: Quod si hominibus bonarum rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena ac nihil profutura multumque etiam periculosa petunt, etc., Sall. J. 1, 5; hence, aliena loqui, to talk strangely, wildly, like a crazy person: Quin etiam, sic me dicunt aliena locutum, Ut foret amenti nomen in ore tuum, Ov. Tr. 3, 19: interdum in accessione aegros desipere et aliena loqui, Cels. 3, 18 (v. alieniloquium).!*? Comp. rare, but sup. very freq.; no adv. in use.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
(1) ălĭēnus,⁶ a, um (alius), qui appartient à un autre ;
I idée d’autrui
1 d’autrui : suos agros colebant, non alienos appetebant Cic. Amer. 50, ils cultivaient leurs propres champs, loin de convoiter ceux d’autrui ; (stella) luce lucebat aliena Cic. Rep. 6, 16, (cette étoile) brillait d’une lumière empruntée ; cito exarescit lacrima, præsertim in alienis malis Cic. Part. 57, les larmes se sèchent vite, surtout quand il s’agit du malheur d’autrui ; suo alienoque Marte pugnare Liv. 3, 62, 9, combattre avec leurs méthodes propres et avec celles des autres
