μύλη: Difference between revisions
ἐάν μή διδάξητε περί ἀρετὴς τούς τό ἀργύριον κλέψαντας, οὐ ταξόμεθα οἱ ὁπλῖται → if you don't teach those who have stolen money a lesson on moral virtue, we, the hoplites, will not line up
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">handmill, mill,</b> (Od.), <b class="b2">(the nether) millstone</b>, metaph. [[molar]] (LXX), <b class="b2">knee-cap, hard formation in a woman's womb</b> (Hp., Arist.).<br />Other forms: hell. a. late also <b class="b3">μύλος</b> m. (LXX, NT, Str.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2,58)<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μυλο-ειδής</b> <b class="b2">as a millstone</b> (H 270), <b class="b3">μυλή-φατος</b> <b class="b2">ground by a mill</b> (β 355, A. R., Lyc.; after <b class="b3">ἀρηΐ-φατος</b> a.o.; diff. Chantraine Sprache 1, 145); <b class="b3">χειρο-μύλη</b> [[handmill]] (X.), also <b class="b3">-μυλος</b> (Edict. Diocl.), <b class="b3">-μυλον</b> (Cass. Fel.; cf. on <b class="b3">βούτυρον</b>); dimin. <b class="b3">-μύλιον</b> (Dsc., pap.).<br />Derivatives: A. Subst. 1. <b class="b3">μύλαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. <b class="b2">millstone, big rounded stone</b> (M161, AP, Opp.), cf. <b class="b3">λίθαξ</b> a.o. (Chantraine Form. 379). 2. From this with <b class="b3">ρ-</b>suffix <b class="b3">μύλακρος</b> m. [[millstone]] (Alcm.), pl. = <b class="b3">γομφίοι ὀδόντες</b> (H.); f. <b class="b3">-ακρίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> as attr. of <b class="b3">λᾶας</b> [[millstone]] (Alex. Aet.), as subst. [[cockroach]], also (influenced by <b class="b3">ἀκρίς</b>) [[locust]] (Ar. Fr. 583, Poll.); also <b class="b3">-αβρίς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pl. Com., Poll.; prob. after <b class="b3">ἁβρός</b>, <b class="b3">ἅβρα</b>), <b class="b3">-ηθρίς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Poll.). 3. <b class="b3">μυλών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. [[millhouse]], [[mill]] (Att.) with <b class="b3">-ωνικός</b> [[miller]] (pap.), <b class="b3">-ώνιον</b> dimin. (gloss.). 4. <b class="b3">μυλωθρός</b> m. [[miller]] (Att., Arist.); on the formation which is not quite clear cf. Chantraine Form. 373; from this <b class="b3">-ωθρίς</b> f. [[milleress]] name of a comedy of Eubulos; <b class="b3">-ωθρικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a miller</b> (Plu.), <b class="b3">-ωθρέω</b> [[grind]] (Men.); backformation <b class="b3">-ωθρον</b> = <b class="b3">μυλών</b> (Phot.)?; also <b class="b3">-ωθριαῖοι</b> adjunct of <b class="b3">καλυπ-τῆρες</b> (= <b class="b2">roof-tiles</b>?; Delos IIa, reading uncertain); beside it <b class="b3">μυλωρός</b> [[miller]] (Aesop., Poll.), after <b class="b3">πυλωρός</b> a.o. 5. <b class="b3">μυλάριον</b> dimin. <b class="b2">small handmill</b> (pap.). 6. <b class="b3">μυλεύς</b> m. surn. of Zeus as keeper of mills (Lyc.; Bosshardt 67). 7. <b class="b3">μυλίας</b> m. (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>) <b class="b2">millstone, stone, from which millstones were made</b> (Pl., Arist., Str.; Chantraine Form. 96). 8. <b class="b3">μυλίτης</b> m. (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>, <b class="b3">ὀδούς</b>) [[millstone]], [[molar]] (Gal.). 9. <b class="b3">Μυλόεις ποταμὸς Ἀρκαδίας</b> H.; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2. 233. -- B. Adj., all rare and late: 1. <b class="b3">μύλ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a mill</b> (Procop.); 2. <b class="b3">μυλ-ικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ev. Luk., Gal.); 3. <b class="b3">-ινος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of millstones</b> (Smyrna); 4. <b class="b3">-αῖος</b> <b class="b2">working in a mill</b> (AP), <b class="b3">-αῖον</b> n. [[handmill]] (pap.); 5. <b class="b3">-ιαῖοι ὀδόντες</b> [[molars]] (medic.); 6. <b class="b3">-όεις</b> <b class="b2">consisting of a millstone, belonging to a mill</b> (Nic., Nonn.); 7. <b class="b3">-ητικη ἔμπλαστρος</b> <b class="b2">remedy for toothache</b> (Gal.). -- C. Verbs, all rare. 1. <b class="b3">μυλιάω</b> only in ptc. <b class="b3">μυλιόωντες</b> <b class="b2">gnashing with the teeth</b> (Hes. Op. 530; on <b class="b3">-ιάω</b> Schwyzer 732); 2. <b class="b3">μυλόομαι</b> <b class="b2">be hardened, cicatrized</b> (Hp.). -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> = <b class="b3">βινέω</b> (Theoc. 4,58) with <b class="b3">μυλ(λ)άς</b> f. [[whore]] (Phot., Suid.), <b class="b3">μυλλός</b> m. <b class="b2">cake in the form of the pudenda muliebria</b> (Ath. 14, 647 a; Sicilian).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [716] <b class="b2">*melh₁-</b> [[grind]]<br />Etymology: The primary verbal noun <b class="b3">μύλη</b> (accent as e.g. <b class="b3">μάχη</b>) with the secondarily arising <b class="b3">μύλος</b> (after <b class="b3">λίθος</b> or <b class="b3">ὄνος ἀλέτης</b>?) like the primary yot-present <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> deviate through the <b class="b3">υ-</b>vowel from the other cognate words for [[grind]], which show an [[e]] : <b class="b2">o-</b>vocalism: Celt., OIr. [[melim]], Slav., e.g. OCS <b class="b2">meljǫ</b> (IE <b class="b2">*mel-</b>); Germ., e.g. Goth. [[malan]], Lith. <b class="b2">malù</b>, Hitt. 3. sg. [[mallai]] (IE <b class="b2">*mol-</b>); Lat. [[molō]], on itself ambiguous, prob. from <b class="b2">*melō</b> like OIr. [[melim]]. In <b class="b3">μυλ-</b> we must assume a zero- [or reduced] grade variant (<b class="b2">ml̥-</b>; <b class="b2">m<sub>e</sub>l-</b>?) (Schwyzer 351). With <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> from <b class="b2">*ml̥-i̯ō</b> agree in Germ. OHG [[muljan]], OWNo. [[mylia]] [[crush]]; on the meaning s. below, on the <b class="b3">υ</b> -vowel cf. <b class="b3">φύλλον</b> against Lat. [[folium]]. A weak grade appears also in Welsh [[malu]] [[grind]], as well as in Arm. [[malem]] [[crush]]. An <b class="b2">u-</b>vowel could also be found in the reduplicated Arm. <b class="b2">ml-ml-em</b> [[rub]]; (it could however also be drived from lengthened grade <b class="b2">mēl-</b> or [[mōl]]). The technical meaning [[grind]] might have been specialized from the general [[rub]]. As verbal noun <b class="b3">μύλη</b> has in Greek the character of an archaism, while <b class="b3">μύλλω</b>, which was degraded to an obscene meaning, was further replaced by the also old <b class="b3">ἀλέω</b> (s.v. and Porzig Gliederung 156), which was limited to the eastern languages. -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μάλευρον</b> (s.v.); remarkable and\/but suspect is the <b class="b2">e-</b>vowel of Myc. [[mereuro]] [[meal]] and [[meretirija]] [[milleresses]]. -- More forms in WP. 2, 284ff., Pok. 716f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[molō]], Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">málti</b>. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">handmill, mill,</b> (Od.), <b class="b2">(the nether) millstone</b>, metaph. [[molar]] (LXX), <b class="b2">knee-cap, hard formation in a woman's womb</b> (Hp., Arist.).<br />Other forms: hell. a. late also <b class="b3">μύλος</b> m. (LXX, NT, Str.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2,58)<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μυλο-ειδής</b> <b class="b2">as a millstone</b> (H 270), <b class="b3">μυλή-φατος</b> <b class="b2">ground by a mill</b> (β 355, A. R., Lyc.; after <b class="b3">ἀρηΐ-φατος</b> a.o.; diff. Chantraine Sprache 1, 145); <b class="b3">χειρο-μύλη</b> [[handmill]] (X.), also <b class="b3">-μυλος</b> (Edict. Diocl.), <b class="b3">-μυλον</b> (Cass. Fel.; cf. on <b class="b3">βούτυρον</b>); dimin. <b class="b3">-μύλιον</b> (Dsc., pap.).<br />Derivatives: A. Subst. 1. <b class="b3">μύλαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> m. <b class="b2">millstone, big rounded stone</b> (M161, AP, Opp.), cf. <b class="b3">λίθαξ</b> a.o. (Chantraine Form. 379). 2. From this with <b class="b3">ρ-</b>suffix <b class="b3">μύλακρος</b> m. [[millstone]] (Alcm.), pl. = <b class="b3">γομφίοι ὀδόντες</b> (H.); f. <b class="b3">-ακρίς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> as attr. of <b class="b3">λᾶας</b> [[millstone]] (Alex. Aet.), as subst. [[cockroach]], also (influenced by <b class="b3">ἀκρίς</b>) [[locust]] (Ar. Fr. 583, Poll.); also <b class="b3">-αβρίς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pl. Com., Poll.; prob. after <b class="b3">ἁβρός</b>, <b class="b3">ἅβρα</b>), <b class="b3">-ηθρίς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Poll.). 3. <b class="b3">μυλών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. [[millhouse]], [[mill]] (Att.) with <b class="b3">-ωνικός</b> [[miller]] (pap.), <b class="b3">-ώνιον</b> dimin. (gloss.). 4. <b class="b3">μυλωθρός</b> m. [[miller]] (Att., Arist.); on the formation which is not quite clear cf. Chantraine Form. 373; from this <b class="b3">-ωθρίς</b> f. [[milleress]] name of a comedy of Eubulos; <b class="b3">-ωθρικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a miller</b> (Plu.), <b class="b3">-ωθρέω</b> [[grind]] (Men.); backformation <b class="b3">-ωθρον</b> = <b class="b3">μυλών</b> (Phot.)?; also <b class="b3">-ωθριαῖοι</b> adjunct of <b class="b3">καλυπ-τῆρες</b> (= <b class="b2">roof-tiles</b>?; Delos IIa, reading uncertain); beside it <b class="b3">μυλωρός</b> [[miller]] (Aesop., Poll.), after <b class="b3">πυλωρός</b> a.o. 5. <b class="b3">μυλάριον</b> dimin. <b class="b2">small handmill</b> (pap.). 6. <b class="b3">μυλεύς</b> m. surn. of Zeus as keeper of mills (Lyc.; Bosshardt 67). 7. <b class="b3">μυλίας</b> m. (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>) <b class="b2">millstone, stone, from which millstones were made</b> (Pl., Arist., Str.; Chantraine Form. 96). 8. <b class="b3">μυλίτης</b> m. (<b class="b3">λίθος</b>, <b class="b3">ὀδούς</b>) [[millstone]], [[molar]] (Gal.). 9. <b class="b3">Μυλόεις ποταμὸς Ἀρκαδίας</b> H.; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2. 233. -- B. Adj., all rare and late: 1. <b class="b3">μύλ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to a mill</b> (Procop.); 2. <b class="b3">μυλ-ικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ev. Luk., Gal.); 3. <b class="b3">-ινος</b> <b class="b2">consisting of millstones</b> (Smyrna); 4. <b class="b3">-αῖος</b> <b class="b2">working in a mill</b> (AP), <b class="b3">-αῖον</b> n. [[handmill]] (pap.); 5. <b class="b3">-ιαῖοι ὀδόντες</b> [[molars]] (medic.); 6. <b class="b3">-όεις</b> <b class="b2">consisting of a millstone, belonging to a mill</b> (Nic., Nonn.); 7. <b class="b3">-ητικη ἔμπλαστρος</b> <b class="b2">remedy for toothache</b> (Gal.). -- C. Verbs, all rare. 1. <b class="b3">μυλιάω</b> only in ptc. <b class="b3">μυλιόωντες</b> <b class="b2">gnashing with the teeth</b> (Hes. Op. 530; on <b class="b3">-ιάω</b> Schwyzer 732); 2. <b class="b3">μυλόομαι</b> <b class="b2">be hardened, cicatrized</b> (Hp.). -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> = <b class="b3">βινέω</b> (Theoc. 4,58) with <b class="b3">μυλ(λ)άς</b> f. [[whore]] (Phot., Suid.), <b class="b3">μυλλός</b> m. <b class="b2">cake in the form of the pudenda muliebria</b> (Ath. 14, 647 a; Sicilian).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [716] <b class="b2">*melh₁-</b> [[grind]]<br />Etymology: The primary verbal noun <b class="b3">μύλη</b> (accent as e.g. <b class="b3">μάχη</b>) with the secondarily arising <b class="b3">μύλος</b> (after <b class="b3">λίθος</b> or <b class="b3">ὄνος ἀλέτης</b>?) like the primary yot-present <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> deviate through the <b class="b3">υ-</b>vowel from the other cognate words for [[grind]], which show an [[e]] : <b class="b2">o-</b>vocalism: Celt., OIr. [[melim]], Slav., e.g. OCS <b class="b2">meljǫ</b> (IE <b class="b2">*mel-</b>); Germ., e.g. Goth. [[malan]], Lith. <b class="b2">malù</b>, Hitt. 3. sg. [[mallai]] (IE <b class="b2">*mol-</b>); Lat. [[molō]], on itself ambiguous, prob. from <b class="b2">*melō</b> like OIr. [[melim]]. In <b class="b3">μυλ-</b> we must assume a zero- [or reduced] grade variant (<b class="b2">ml̥-</b>; <b class="b2">m<sub>e</sub>l-</b>?) (Schwyzer 351). With <b class="b3">μύλλω</b> from <b class="b2">*ml̥-i̯ō</b> agree in Germ. OHG [[muljan]], OWNo. [[mylia]] [[crush]]; on the meaning s. below, on the <b class="b3">υ</b> -vowel cf. <b class="b3">φύλλον</b> against Lat. [[folium]]. A weak grade appears also in Welsh [[malu]] [[grind]], as well as in Arm. [[malem]] [[crush]]. An <b class="b2">u-</b>vowel could also be found in the reduplicated Arm. <b class="b2">ml-ml-em</b> [[rub]]; (it could however also be drived from lengthened grade <b class="b2">mēl-</b> or [[mōl]]). The technical meaning [[grind]] might have been specialized from the general [[rub]]. As verbal noun <b class="b3">μύλη</b> has in Greek the character of an archaism, while <b class="b3">μύλλω</b>, which was degraded to an obscene meaning, was further replaced by the also old <b class="b3">ἀλέω</b> (s.v. and Porzig Gliederung 156), which was limited to the eastern languages. -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μάλευρον</b> (s.v.); remarkable and\/but suspect is the <b class="b2">e-</b>vowel of Myc. [[mereuro]] [[meal]] and [[meretirija]] [[milleresses]]. -- More forms in WP. 2, 284ff., Pok. 716f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[molō]], Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">málti</b>. | ||
}} | |||
{{mdlsj | |||
|mdlsjtxt=!μύ˘λη, ἡ,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Lat. [[mola]], a [[mill]], a handmill turned by women, Od.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> the [[nether]] millstone, Ar.; the [[upper]] [[being]] [[ὄνος]], Ar. | |||
}} | }} |
Revision as of 04:00, 10 January 2019
English (LSJ)
ἡ,
A mill: in Hom., hand-mill turned by women, αἱ μὲν ἀλετρεύουσι μύλης ἔπι μήλοπα καρπόν Od.7.104; γυνὴ . . ἀλετρὶς πλησίον, ἔνθ' ἄρα οἱ μύλαι ἥατο 20.106; μύλην στρέφειν, περιάγειν, περιφέρειν, περιελαύνειν, Poll.7.180; μηδὲ μύλαν (Dor.) ἐνεῖμεν μηδὲ ὅλμον IG22.1126.24 (Amphict. Delph., iv B. C.): Cret.acc. pl. μύλανς Schwyzer 180.6. II nether millstone (the upper being ὄνος), Ar.V.648: pl., αἱ μύλαι Arist.Mete.383b7, cf. Pherecr.10. III knee-pan, Hp.Off.9, Com.Adesp.450, Arist.HA 494a5, Paus.1.35.5. IV hard formation in a woman's womb, Hp.Mul.1.71, 2.178, Arist.GA775b25. V pl., molars, LXX Jb. 29.17, Anon.Lond.24.24, Gal.UP9.15: sg., of an ass's tooth, PMag. Lond.125.22, al. VI = μῶλυ, Gal.12.80: root of λάπαθον, Aët. 1.251. (Cf. Lat. molo, Goth. malan 'grind', etc.)
German (Pape)
[Seite 217] ἡ, 1) die Mühle; bei Hom. Handmühlen, welche von den Mägden gedreht wurden, ἥ ῥα μύλην στήσασα, Od. 20, 111, vgl. 106; ἀλετρεύουσι μύλης ἔπι μήλοπα καρπον, 7, 104; Soph. frg. 703 u. A. Auch der untere Mühlstein (wie der obere ὄνος heißt), Ar. Vesp. 648, wo Einige ohne Grund »in der Mühle zum Opfergebrauch geschrotete Gerste«, = οὐλαί, erklären. – 2) im plur. = μύλακροι, die Backenzähne, Suid., Phryn., vgl. Poll. 2, 92. – 3) bei Arist. H. A. 1, 15 τὸ πλανησίεδρον, die Kniescheibe. – 4) bei den Aerzten ein Mondkalb, ein verunstalteter Embryo, mola, Arist. H. A. 10, 7; vgl. Plut. conj. praec. p. 429.
Greek (Liddell-Scott)
μύλη: [ῠ], ἡ, μύλος, Λατ. mŏla· παρ’ Ὁμ. «χειρόμυλος», ὃν ἔστρεφον γυναῖκες, αἱ μὲν ἀλετρεύουσι μύλης ἔπι μήλοπα καρπὸν Ὀδ. Η. 104· γυνή... ἀλετρὶς πλησίον, ἔνθ’ ἄρα οἱ μύλαι εἵατο Υ. 106· μύλην στρέφειν, περιάγειν, περιφέρειν, περιελαύνειν Πολυδ. Ζ΄, 180. ΙΙ. ἡ κάτω μυλόπετρα, Ἀριστοφ. Σφ. 648· ἡ δὲ ἄνω ἐκαλεῖτο ὄνος· ― πληθ., αἱ μύλαι, Ἀριστ. Μετεωρ. 4. 6, 11, πρβλ. Φερεκρ. ἐν «Ἀγρίοις» 1. ΙΙΙ. ἡ ἐπιγονατίς, Ἱππ. π. Ἰητρεῖον 743, Ἀριστ. π. Ἱστ. 1. 15, 5. IV. σκιρρώδης ὄγκος, ποτὲ μὲν κατὰ τὸ στόμιον τῆς μήτρας, ποτὲ δὲ καὶ καθ’ ὅλην αὐτὴν προφαινόμενος, ἁφῇ λιθώδης, mola uteri κατὰ Πλίν., Ἱππ. 618. 42., 665, 18, Ἀριστ. π. τὰ Ζ. Ἱστ. 10. 7, 2, Παῦλ. Αἰγιν. 3. V. ἐν τῷ πληθ., οἱ γόμφιοι ὀδόντες, Λατ. dentes molares, Γαλην. VI. φυτόν τι, Γαλην. (Πρβλ. μύλος, μυλικός, μυλών, μυλωθρός, κτλ.· Λατ. mol-o, mol-a, mol-aris, mol-itor· Γοτθ. mal-an (ἀλήθειν), mal-ÿan (συντρίβειν)· Ἀρχ. Γερμ. muli (μύλος), mel-o (ἄλευρον), mul-jan (ἀλήθω)· Σλαυ. mel-ja· Λιθ. mal-u· ὥστε ἡ λέξις φαίνεται εἰς ἅπαντας τοὺς Εὐρωπ. κλάδους, ἀλλ’ οὐχὶ ἐν τῇ Σανσκρ. ― Εἶναι ζήτημα ἂν παράγεται ἐκ τῆς ῥίζης ἐξ ἧς καὶ τὸ ἀλέω· ἴδε ἀλέω).
French (Bailly abrégé)
ης (ἡ) :
meule à moudre le grain.
Étymologie: cf. lat. mola.
English (Autenrieth)
mill, hand-mill. (Od.) (Probably similar to the Roman hand mills found in Switzerland, and represented in the cut.)
Spanish
Greek Monolingual
η (ΑΜ μύλη)
1. χειρόμυλος
2. το στρογγυλό οστό της επιγονατίδας
3. σαρκώδης όγκος της μήτρας, ο οποίος παρατηρείται κατά την κύηση και που σήμερα ορίζεται ως προϊόν εκφύλισης τών τροφοβλαστικών λαχνών του πλακούντα, οι οποίες μετασχηματίζονται σε κυστίδια όμοια με υδατίδες κύστεις
νεοελλ.
1. μυλίτης λίθος, μυλόπετρα
2. λίθινος ή μετάλλινος κύλινδρος που χρησιμοποιείται κατά την άλεση
3. το τμήμα του δοντιού που δεν καλύπτεται από τα ούλα
4. ακονιστικός τροχός ή η πέτρα του ακονιστικού τροχού
(μσν. -αρχ.) στον πληθ. αἱ μύλαι
οι σιαγόνες
αρχ.
1. μύλος
2. η κάτω πέτρα του μύλου
3. δόντι όνου
4. το φυτό μώλυ.
5. η ρίζα του φυτού λάπαθο
6. στον πληθ. οι γομφίοι, οι μυλόδοντες.
[ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. Η λ. μύλη ανάγεται στη συνεσταλμένη βαθμίδα mol-ә1 της ΙΕ ρίζας mel-ә1 «αλέθω, λειανίζω ιδίως δημητριακά» και συνδέεται με: λατ. molō «γυρίζω τον μύλο», γοτθ. malan, λιθουαν. malu, malti, ιρλδ. melim, αρχ. σλαβ. melje, γαλατ. malu, αρμ. malem «συνθλίβω» και αρχ. ινδ. mŗnāti «συνθλίβω, αλέθω». Στην ελλ. η ρίζα mel- εμφανίζεται στα μυκην. mereuro «αλεύρι» και meretirija «γυναίκες που γυρίζουν τον μύλο» (πρβλ. μάλευρον). Στη λ. μύλη, τέλος, η συνεσταλμένη βαθμίδα αντιπροσωπεύεται με το φωνήεν -υ- (πρβλ. και αρχ. άνω γερμ. muljan, αρχ. νορβ. mylia), που εμφανίζεται και σε άλλες λ. ειδικά πριν από υγρό σύμφωνο (πρβλ. φύλλον, λατ. folium).
ΠΑΡ. μυλίτης, μυλωθρός, μυλών(ας)
αρχ.
μυλαίος, μύλαξ, μυλάριον, μυλεύς, μυληθρίς, μυλητικός, μυλιαίος, μυλίας, μύλινος, μύλιος, μυλιώ, μύλλω (ΙΙ), μυλόεις, μυλούμαι, μυλώδης
αρχ.-μσν.
μυλικός, μυλωρός
νεοελλ.
μυλιστικός.
ΣΥΝΘ. (Α' συνθετικό) μυλεργάτης, μυλοκόπος, μυλοκόρος
αρχ.
μυληβόρος, μυλήκορον, μυλοειδής, μυλοεργής, μύλοικος, μυλόκλαστος, μυλουργός
αρχ.-μσν.
μυλήφατος
μσν.
μυλοκριβάνιον, μυλοχαράκτης. (Β' συνθετικό) αρχ. ακρομύλη, λειχομύλη, υδρομύλη, χειρομύλη.
Greek Monotonic
μύλη: [ῠ], ἡ, Λατ. mola·
I. μύλος, χειρόμυλος, που τον περιέστρεφαν γυναίκες, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.
II. η κάτω, η χαμηλή μυλόπετρα, σε Αριστοφ.· η από πάνω ονομαζόταν ὄνος, στον ίδ.
Russian (Dvoretsky)
μύλη: (ῠ) ἡ1) мельница (преимущ. ручная) Hom.;
2) нижний мельничный камень Arph. (см. ὄνος 5);
3) коленная чашка Arst.;
4) мед. недоносок, уродец Arst.
Frisk Etymological English
Grammatical information: f.
Meaning: handmill, mill, (Od.), (the nether) millstone, metaph. molar (LXX), knee-cap, hard formation in a woman's womb (Hp., Arist.).
Other forms: hell. a. late also μύλος m. (LXX, NT, Str.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2,58)
Compounds: Compp., e.g. μυλο-ειδής as a millstone (H 270), μυλή-φατος ground by a mill (β 355, A. R., Lyc.; after ἀρηΐ-φατος a.o.; diff. Chantraine Sprache 1, 145); χειρο-μύλη handmill (X.), also -μυλος (Edict. Diocl.), -μυλον (Cass. Fel.; cf. on βούτυρον); dimin. -μύλιον (Dsc., pap.).
Derivatives: A. Subst. 1. μύλαξ, -ακος m. millstone, big rounded stone (M161, AP, Opp.), cf. λίθαξ a.o. (Chantraine Form. 379). 2. From this with ρ-suffix μύλακρος m. millstone (Alcm.), pl. = γομφίοι ὀδόντες (H.); f. -ακρίς, -ίδος as attr. of λᾶας millstone (Alex. Aet.), as subst. cockroach, also (influenced by ἀκρίς) locust (Ar. Fr. 583, Poll.); also -αβρίς id. (Pl. Com., Poll.; prob. after ἁβρός, ἅβρα), -ηθρίς id. (Poll.). 3. μυλών, -ῶνος m. millhouse, mill (Att.) with -ωνικός miller (pap.), -ώνιον dimin. (gloss.). 4. μυλωθρός m. miller (Att., Arist.); on the formation which is not quite clear cf. Chantraine Form. 373; from this -ωθρίς f. milleress name of a comedy of Eubulos; -ωθρικός belonging to a miller (Plu.), -ωθρέω grind (Men.); backformation -ωθρον = μυλών (Phot.)?; also -ωθριαῖοι adjunct of καλυπ-τῆρες (= roof-tiles?; Delos IIa, reading uncertain); beside it μυλωρός miller (Aesop., Poll.), after πυλωρός a.o. 5. μυλάριον dimin. small handmill (pap.). 6. μυλεύς m. surn. of Zeus as keeper of mills (Lyc.; Bosshardt 67). 7. μυλίας m. (λίθος) millstone, stone, from which millstones were made (Pl., Arist., Str.; Chantraine Form. 96). 8. μυλίτης m. (λίθος, ὀδούς) millstone, molar (Gal.). 9. Μυλόεις ποταμὸς Ἀρκαδίας H.; s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2. 233. -- B. Adj., all rare and late: 1. μύλ-ιος belonging to a mill (Procop.); 2. μυλ-ικός id. (Ev. Luk., Gal.); 3. -ινος consisting of millstones (Smyrna); 4. -αῖος working in a mill (AP), -αῖον n. handmill (pap.); 5. -ιαῖοι ὀδόντες molars (medic.); 6. -όεις consisting of a millstone, belonging to a mill (Nic., Nonn.); 7. -ητικη ἔμπλαστρος remedy for toothache (Gal.). -- C. Verbs, all rare. 1. μυλιάω only in ptc. μυλιόωντες gnashing with the teeth (Hes. Op. 530; on -ιάω Schwyzer 732); 2. μυλόομαι be hardened, cicatrized (Hp.). -- On itself stands μύλλω = βινέω (Theoc. 4,58) with μυλ(λ)άς f. whore (Phot., Suid.), μυλλός m. cake in the form of the pudenda muliebria (Ath. 14, 647 a; Sicilian).
Origin: IE [Indo-European] [716] *melh₁- grind
Etymology: The primary verbal noun μύλη (accent as e.g. μάχη) with the secondarily arising μύλος (after λίθος or ὄνος ἀλέτης?) like the primary yot-present μύλλω deviate through the υ-vowel from the other cognate words for grind, which show an e : o-vocalism: Celt., OIr. melim, Slav., e.g. OCS meljǫ (IE *mel-); Germ., e.g. Goth. malan, Lith. malù, Hitt. 3. sg. mallai (IE *mol-); Lat. molō, on itself ambiguous, prob. from *melō like OIr. melim. In μυλ- we must assume a zero- [or reduced] grade variant (ml̥-; mel-?) (Schwyzer 351). With μύλλω from *ml̥-i̯ō agree in Germ. OHG muljan, OWNo. mylia crush; on the meaning s. below, on the υ -vowel cf. φύλλον against Lat. folium. A weak grade appears also in Welsh malu grind, as well as in Arm. malem crush. An u-vowel could also be found in the reduplicated Arm. ml-ml-em rub; (it could however also be drived from lengthened grade mēl- or mōl). The technical meaning grind might have been specialized from the general rub. As verbal noun μύλη has in Greek the character of an archaism, while μύλλω, which was degraded to an obscene meaning, was further replaced by the also old ἀλέω (s.v. and Porzig Gliederung 156), which was limited to the eastern languages. -- On itself stands μάλευρον (s.v.); remarkable and\/but suspect is the e-vowel of Myc. mereuro meal and meretirija milleresses. -- More forms in WP. 2, 284ff., Pok. 716f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. molō, Fraenkel Wb. s. málti.
Middle Liddell
!μύ˘λη, ἡ,
I. Lat. mola, a mill, a handmill turned by women, Od.
II. the nether millstone, Ar.; the upper being ὄνος, Ar.