descendo: Difference between revisions
τὴν οἴησιν ἔλεγε προκοπῆς ἐγκοπήν → he used to say, Opinion forming is the stoppage of progress
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|lshtext=<b>dē-scendo</b>: di, [[sum]], 3 (<br /><b>I</b> perf. redupl.: descendidit, Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 4 fin.; and, descendiderant, Laber. ib.; perf.: desciderunt, Inscr. Frat. Arv. 13 Henzen.), v. n., to [[come]] [[down]]; and of [[inanimate]] subjects, to [[fall]], [[sink]] [[down]], to [[descend]], opp. to [[ascendo]] ([[class]]. and freq.).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: ex equo, to [[alight]], Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Auct. B. Hisp. 15, 2; for [[which]], equo, Sall. Hist. Fragm. 5, 13: [[sicut]] monte descenderat, id. J. 50, 2: e curru, Suet. Tib. 20: e tribunali, id. Claud. 15: de rostris, Cic. Vatin. 11: de templo, Liv. 44, 45: de [[caelo]], id. 6, 18; for [[which]], [[caelo]], Hor. Od. 3, 4, 1: e [[caelo]], Juv. 11, 27: [[caelo]] ab [[alto]], Verg. A. 8, 423; cf.: vertice montis ab [[alto]], id. ib. 7, 675; and: ab Histro (Da cus), id. G. 2, 497: ab Alpibus, Liv. 21, 32, 2; 27, 38, 6: monte, Verg. A. 4, 159: aggeribus Alpinis [[atque]] arce Monoeci, id. ib. 6, 831: antro Castalio, Ov. M. 3, 14: per clivum, id. F. 1, 263 et saep.—Indicating the [[terminus]] ad quem: in [[mare]] de [[caelo]], Lucr. 6, 427: [[Juppiter]] in terras, id. 6, 402: in pon tum, Sil. 1, 607; 15, 152; cf.: [[caelo]] in hibernas undas, Verg. G. 4, 235: [[caelo]] ad suos honores templaque, etc., Ov. F. 5, 551: in aestum, Lucr. 6, 402: in inferiorem ambulationem, Cic. Tusc. 4: in campos, Liv. 6, 737; cf. Curt. 9, 9: in Piraeum, Quint. 8, 6, 64 et saep.: ad naviculas, Cic. Ac. 2, 48 fin.: ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras, Verg. A. 6, 404: [[sinus]] [[vestis]] [[infra]] genua, Curt. 6, 5 et saep. Poet. also [[with]] dat.: nocti, i. e. ad inferos, Sil. 13, 708; cf. Erebo, id. 13, 759.—With [[sup]].: per [[quod]] oraculo utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt, Liv. 45, 27, 8.—Absol.: [[turbo]] descendit, Lucr. 6, 438; cf. Verg. E. 7, 60: [[asta]] ut descendam (sc. ex equo), [[dismount]], [[alight]], Plaut. As. 3, 3, 120; Suet. Galb. 18: [[descendens]] (sc. e [[lecto]]), Tib. 1, 5, 41: [[descendo]] (sc. de arce), Verg. A. 2, 632: umbrae descendentes (sc. ad inferos), Stat. S. 5, 5, 41.—Poet.: trepidi quoties nos descendentis arenae vidimus in partes, i. e. [[that]] seemed to [[sink]] as the [[wild]] beasts [[rose]] from the vaults, Calp. Ecl. 7, 69.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> To go [[down]], to go, to [[come]], sc. from the [[dwelling]]-houses ([[which]] in [[Rome]] were [[mostly]] [[situated]] on eminences) to the [[forum]], the [[comitia]], etc.: in [[forum]] [[descendens]], Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; so, ad [[forum]], Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 26; Q. Cic. Petit. cons. 14; Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 24, 7; 34, 1; cf.: fuge, quo descendere gestis, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 5; Orell. ad loc.: ad [[comitia]], Suet. Caes. 13 al.: de [[palatio]] et aedibus suis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 46.—Absol.: [[hodie]] non descendit [[Antonius]], Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38; Liv. 2, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 27 al. —<br /> <b>b</b> Transf.: in causam, Cic. Phil. 8, 2; Liv. 36, 7; Tac. H. 3, 3: in partes, id. A. 15, 50. —<br /> <b>c</b> Of [[land]], etc., to [[sink]], [[fall]], [[slope]]: [[regio]], Val. Fl. 1, 538.—<br /> <b>d</b> Of forests whose [[wood]] is brought to the [[plain]], Stat. Ach. 2, 115: [[Caucasus]], Val. Fl. 7, 55.—<br /> <b>e</b> Of [[water]] conveyed in pipes, to [[fall]]: subeat descendatque, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57; cf. of the [[sea]]: non [[magis]] descenderet [[aequor]], Luc. 5, 338.—<br /> <b>2</b> In milit. lang., to [[march]] [[down]], sc. from an [[eminence]] [[into]] the [[plain]]: ex superioribus locis in planitiem, Caes. B. C. 3, 98; cf. id. ib. 3, 65, 2: [[qua]] (sc. de monte), Sall. J. 50, 3: [[inde]] (sc. de arce), Liv. 32, 32; cf. id. 7, 29: in aequum locum, Caes. B. G. 7, 53, 2; for [[which]], in aequum, Liv. 1, 12: in campum omnibus copiis, id. 23, 29: in [[plana]], Front. Strat. 2, 5, 18: ad Alexandriam, Liv. 45, 12 et saep.—Absol., Liv. 44, 5; Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9: ad laevam, Sall. J. 55 al.—With [[supine]]: [[praedatum]] in agros Romanos, Liv. 3, 10, 4; 10, 31, 2.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Transf.: in aciem, to go [[into]] [[battle]], to [[engage]], Liv. 8, 8; 23, 29; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 11 al.: in [[proelium]], id. ib. 2, 1, 10; Just. 21, 2, 5: in [[certamen]], Cic. Tusc. 2, 26: ad pugnam, ad tales pugnas, Val. Fl. 3, 518; Juv. 7, 173; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41; and [[even]], in [[bellum]], Just. 15, 4, 21; 38, 8, 1; cf.: in belli [[periculum]], id. 15, 1, 2.—<br /> <b>3</b> In medic. lang., of the excrements: to [[pass]] [[off]], [[pass]] [[through]], Cels. 2, 4 fin.: olera, id. 1, 6: [[alvus]], id. 2, 7.—<br /> <b>4</b> Pregn., to [[sink]] [[down]], [[penetrate]] [[into]] [[any]] [[thing]] (freq. [[only]] [[after]] the Aug. per.; not in Cic. and Caes.): [[ferrum]] in [[corpus]], Liv. 1, 41; cf. Sil. 16, 544: toto descendit in [[ilia]] ferro, Ov. M. 3, 67: ([[harundo]]) in [[caput]], Luc. 6, 216; cf.: in jugulos gladiis descendebant (hostes), Flor. 3, 10, 13: ense in jugulos, Claud. B. Get. 601: in terram ([[fulmen]]), Plin. 2, 55, 56, § 146: in rimam [[calamus]], id. 17, 14, 24, § 102: subjacens soli [[duritia]] non patitur in [[altum]] descendere (radices), lapathi [[radix]] ad tria cubita, Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 98 et saep.: toto corpore [[pestis]], Verg. A. 5, 683: galeas vetant descendere cristae, to [[sink]] [[down]], Stat. Th. 9, 262. —<br /> <b>5</b> In an [[obscene]] [[sense]], Catull. 112, 2; Juv. 11, 163.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen. (esp. freq. in Quint.), to [[descend]], etc.: a [[vita]] pastorali ad agriculturam, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 3 sq.; cf.: ad aliquem, Just. 1, 4, 1: [[usus]] in nostram aetatem descendit, Quint. 1, 11, 18: (vox) attollitur concitatis affectibus, compositis descendit, id. 11, 3, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 92: grammatici omnes in hanc descendent rerum tenuitatem, id. 1, 4, 7 et saep.: in omnia familiaritatis officia, Plin. [[Pan]]. 85, 5.—Pass. impers.: eo contemptionis descensum, ut, etc., Tac. A. 15, 1 et saep.: si [[quid]] [[tamen]] [[olim]] Scripseris, in Maeci descendat judicis aures, Hor. A. P. 387: si descendere ad ipsum Ordine [[perpetuo]] quaeris sunt hujus [[origo]] [[Ilus]] et [[Assaracus]], etc., Ov. M. 11, 754.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> (Acc. to no. I. A. 4.) To [[sink]] [[deep]] [[into]], to [[penetrate]] [[deeply]]: [[quod]] [[verbum]] in [[pectus]] Jugurthae altius, [[quam]] [[quisquam]] [[ratus]] erat, descendit, Sall. J. 11, 7; cf.: ut altius injuriae [[quam]] merita [[descendant]], Sen. Ben. 1, 1 med.; id. Contr. 1 praef.; Spart. Ant. Get. 6: [[cura]] in animos Patrum, Liv. 3, 52; cf.: qui ([[metus]] deorum) cum descendere ad animos ... non posset, id. 1, 19: [[nemo]] in [[sese]] tentat descendere, to [[examine]] [[himself]], Pers. 4, 23.—<br /> <b>2</b> To [[lower]] one's [[self]], [[descend]] to an [[act]] or [[employment]], etc.; to [[yield]], [[agree]] to [[any]] [[act]], esp. to one [[which]] is [[unpleasant]] or [[wrong]] (freq. in Cic. and Caes.; cf. Orell. ad Cic. Cael. 2, and Fabri ad Liv. 23, 14, 3).—Constr. [[with]] ad, [[very]] [[rarely]] [[with]] in or absol.: senes ad ludum adolescentium [[descendant]], Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6: ad calamitatum societates, id. Lael. 17, 64: sua voluntate sapientem descendere ad rationes civitatis non solere, id. Rep. 1, 6 al.: ad ejusmodi [[consilium]], Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 5: ad innocentium supplicia, id. ib. 6, 16 fin.: ad vim [[atque]] ad [[arma]], id. ib. 7, 33: ad gravissimas verborum contumelias, id. B. C. 3, 83: ad accusandum, ad inimicitias, Cic. Mur. 27, 56; id. Sest. 41, 89; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 1: ad extrema, [[Pollio]] ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4: ad frontis urbanae praemia, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11: [[preces]] in omnes, Verg. A. 5, 782: videte, quo descendam, judices, Cic. Font. 1, 2; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 38; Caes. B. C. 1, 81, 5: ad intellectum audientis, Quint. 1, 2, 27: ad minutissima [[opera]], id. 1, 12, 14; 4, 2, 15: placet mihi ista [[defensio]]; [[descendo]], I [[acquiesce]], id. ib. 2, 2, 72.—<br /> <b>3</b> (Mostly [[ante]]-Aug.) To [[descend]] or [[proceed]] from [[any]] [[person]] or [[thing]]: ex gradu ascendentium vel descendentium uxorem ducere, Dig. 23, 2, 68 et saep.: [[quod]] [[genus]] liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit, ib. 43, 26, 1; cf. ib. 18, 1, 57 fin.: a Platone, Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 111; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.—Hence, subst.: dē-scendens, entis, m. and f., a [[descendant]]; plur. descendentes, [[posterity]], Dig. 23, 2, 68. —<br /> <b>4</b> (In Quint.) To [[depart]], [[deviate]], [[differ]] from: [[tantum]] ab eo defluebat, [[quantum]] [[ille]] (sc. [[Seneca]]) ab antiquis descenderat, Quint. 10, 1, 126; id. 3, 5, 8.!*? The [[passive]] is [[very]] [[rare]], Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 71; Prud. Apoth. 1075. | |lshtext=<b>dē-scendo</b>: di, [[sum]], 3 (<br /><b>I</b> perf. redupl.: descendidit, Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 4 fin.; and, descendiderant, Laber. ib.; perf.: desciderunt, Inscr. Frat. Arv. 13 Henzen.), v. n., to [[come]] [[down]]; and of [[inanimate]] subjects, to [[fall]], [[sink]] [[down]], to [[descend]], opp. to [[ascendo]] ([[class]]. and freq.).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen.: ex equo, to [[alight]], Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Auct. B. Hisp. 15, 2; for [[which]], equo, Sall. Hist. Fragm. 5, 13: [[sicut]] monte descenderat, id. J. 50, 2: e curru, Suet. Tib. 20: e tribunali, id. Claud. 15: de rostris, Cic. Vatin. 11: de templo, Liv. 44, 45: de [[caelo]], id. 6, 18; for [[which]], [[caelo]], Hor. Od. 3, 4, 1: e [[caelo]], Juv. 11, 27: [[caelo]] ab [[alto]], Verg. A. 8, 423; cf.: vertice montis ab [[alto]], id. ib. 7, 675; and: ab Histro (Da cus), id. G. 2, 497: ab Alpibus, Liv. 21, 32, 2; 27, 38, 6: monte, Verg. A. 4, 159: aggeribus Alpinis [[atque]] arce Monoeci, id. ib. 6, 831: antro Castalio, Ov. M. 3, 14: per clivum, id. F. 1, 263 et saep.—Indicating the [[terminus]] ad quem: in [[mare]] de [[caelo]], Lucr. 6, 427: [[Juppiter]] in terras, id. 6, 402: in pon tum, Sil. 1, 607; 15, 152; cf.: [[caelo]] in hibernas undas, Verg. G. 4, 235: [[caelo]] ad suos honores templaque, etc., Ov. F. 5, 551: in aestum, Lucr. 6, 402: in inferiorem ambulationem, Cic. Tusc. 4: in campos, Liv. 6, 737; cf. Curt. 9, 9: in Piraeum, Quint. 8, 6, 64 et saep.: ad naviculas, Cic. Ac. 2, 48 fin.: ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras, Verg. A. 6, 404: [[sinus]] [[vestis]] [[infra]] genua, Curt. 6, 5 et saep. Poet. also [[with]] dat.: nocti, i. e. ad inferos, Sil. 13, 708; cf. Erebo, id. 13, 759.—With [[sup]].: per [[quod]] oraculo utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt, Liv. 45, 27, 8.—Absol.: [[turbo]] descendit, Lucr. 6, 438; cf. Verg. E. 7, 60: [[asta]] ut descendam (sc. ex equo), [[dismount]], [[alight]], Plaut. As. 3, 3, 120; Suet. Galb. 18: [[descendens]] (sc. e [[lecto]]), Tib. 1, 5, 41: [[descendo]] (sc. de arce), Verg. A. 2, 632: umbrae descendentes (sc. ad inferos), Stat. S. 5, 5, 41.—Poet.: trepidi quoties nos descendentis arenae vidimus in partes, i. e. [[that]] seemed to [[sink]] as the [[wild]] beasts [[rose]] from the vaults, Calp. Ecl. 7, 69.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> To go [[down]], to go, to [[come]], sc. from the [[dwelling]]-houses ([[which]] in [[Rome]] were [[mostly]] [[situated]] on eminences) to the [[forum]], the [[comitia]], etc.: in [[forum]] [[descendens]], Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; so, ad [[forum]], Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 26; Q. Cic. Petit. cons. 14; Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 24, 7; 34, 1; cf.: fuge, quo descendere gestis, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 5; Orell. ad loc.: ad [[comitia]], Suet. Caes. 13 al.: de [[palatio]] et aedibus suis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 46.—Absol.: [[hodie]] non descendit [[Antonius]], Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38; Liv. 2, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 27 al. —<br /> <b>b</b> Transf.: in causam, Cic. Phil. 8, 2; Liv. 36, 7; Tac. H. 3, 3: in partes, id. A. 15, 50. —<br /> <b>c</b> Of [[land]], etc., to [[sink]], [[fall]], [[slope]]: [[regio]], Val. Fl. 1, 538.—<br /> <b>d</b> Of forests whose [[wood]] is brought to the [[plain]], Stat. Ach. 2, 115: [[Caucasus]], Val. Fl. 7, 55.—<br /> <b>e</b> Of [[water]] conveyed in pipes, to [[fall]]: subeat descendatque, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57; cf. of the [[sea]]: non [[magis]] descenderet [[aequor]], Luc. 5, 338.—<br /> <b>2</b> In milit. lang., to [[march]] [[down]], sc. from an [[eminence]] [[into]] the [[plain]]: ex superioribus locis in planitiem, Caes. B. C. 3, 98; cf. id. ib. 3, 65, 2: [[qua]] (sc. de monte), Sall. J. 50, 3: [[inde]] (sc. de arce), Liv. 32, 32; cf. id. 7, 29: in aequum locum, Caes. B. G. 7, 53, 2; for [[which]], in aequum, Liv. 1, 12: in campum omnibus copiis, id. 23, 29: in [[plana]], Front. Strat. 2, 5, 18: ad Alexandriam, Liv. 45, 12 et saep.—Absol., Liv. 44, 5; Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9: ad laevam, Sall. J. 55 al.—With [[supine]]: [[praedatum]] in agros Romanos, Liv. 3, 10, 4; 10, 31, 2.—Hence,<br /> <b>b</b> Transf.: in aciem, to go [[into]] [[battle]], to [[engage]], Liv. 8, 8; 23, 29; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 11 al.: in [[proelium]], id. ib. 2, 1, 10; Just. 21, 2, 5: in [[certamen]], Cic. Tusc. 2, 26: ad pugnam, ad tales pugnas, Val. Fl. 3, 518; Juv. 7, 173; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41; and [[even]], in [[bellum]], Just. 15, 4, 21; 38, 8, 1; cf.: in belli [[periculum]], id. 15, 1, 2.—<br /> <b>3</b> In medic. lang., of the excrements: to [[pass]] [[off]], [[pass]] [[through]], Cels. 2, 4 fin.: olera, id. 1, 6: [[alvus]], id. 2, 7.—<br /> <b>4</b> Pregn., to [[sink]] [[down]], [[penetrate]] [[into]] [[any]] [[thing]] (freq. [[only]] [[after]] the Aug. per.; not in Cic. and Caes.): [[ferrum]] in [[corpus]], Liv. 1, 41; cf. Sil. 16, 544: toto descendit in [[ilia]] ferro, Ov. M. 3, 67: ([[harundo]]) in [[caput]], Luc. 6, 216; cf.: in jugulos gladiis descendebant (hostes), Flor. 3, 10, 13: ense in jugulos, Claud. B. Get. 601: in terram ([[fulmen]]), Plin. 2, 55, 56, § 146: in rimam [[calamus]], id. 17, 14, 24, § 102: subjacens soli [[duritia]] non patitur in [[altum]] descendere (radices), lapathi [[radix]] ad tria cubita, Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 98 et saep.: toto corpore [[pestis]], Verg. A. 5, 683: galeas vetant descendere cristae, to [[sink]] [[down]], Stat. Th. 9, 262. —<br /> <b>5</b> In an [[obscene]] [[sense]], Catull. 112, 2; Juv. 11, 163.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br /> <b>A</b> In gen. (esp. freq. in Quint.), to [[descend]], etc.: a [[vita]] pastorali ad agriculturam, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 3 sq.; cf.: ad aliquem, Just. 1, 4, 1: [[usus]] in nostram aetatem descendit, Quint. 1, 11, 18: (vox) attollitur concitatis affectibus, compositis descendit, id. 11, 3, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 92: grammatici omnes in hanc descendent rerum tenuitatem, id. 1, 4, 7 et saep.: in omnia familiaritatis officia, Plin. [[Pan]]. 85, 5.—Pass. impers.: eo contemptionis descensum, ut, etc., Tac. A. 15, 1 et saep.: si [[quid]] [[tamen]] [[olim]] Scripseris, in Maeci descendat judicis aures, Hor. A. P. 387: si descendere ad ipsum Ordine [[perpetuo]] quaeris sunt hujus [[origo]] [[Ilus]] et [[Assaracus]], etc., Ov. M. 11, 754.—<br /> <b>B</b> In partic.<br /> <b>1</b> (Acc. to no. I. A. 4.) To [[sink]] [[deep]] [[into]], to [[penetrate]] [[deeply]]: [[quod]] [[verbum]] in [[pectus]] Jugurthae altius, [[quam]] [[quisquam]] [[ratus]] erat, descendit, Sall. J. 11, 7; cf.: ut altius injuriae [[quam]] merita [[descendant]], Sen. Ben. 1, 1 med.; id. Contr. 1 praef.; Spart. Ant. Get. 6: [[cura]] in animos Patrum, Liv. 3, 52; cf.: qui ([[metus]] deorum) cum descendere ad animos ... non posset, id. 1, 19: [[nemo]] in [[sese]] tentat descendere, to [[examine]] [[himself]], Pers. 4, 23.—<br /> <b>2</b> To [[lower]] one's [[self]], [[descend]] to an [[act]] or [[employment]], etc.; to [[yield]], [[agree]] to [[any]] [[act]], esp. to one [[which]] is [[unpleasant]] or [[wrong]] (freq. in Cic. and Caes.; cf. Orell. ad Cic. Cael. 2, and Fabri ad Liv. 23, 14, 3).—Constr. [[with]] ad, [[very]] [[rarely]] [[with]] in or absol.: senes ad ludum adolescentium [[descendant]], Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6: ad calamitatum societates, id. Lael. 17, 64: sua voluntate sapientem descendere ad rationes civitatis non solere, id. Rep. 1, 6 al.: ad ejusmodi [[consilium]], Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 5: ad innocentium supplicia, id. ib. 6, 16 fin.: ad vim [[atque]] ad [[arma]], id. ib. 7, 33: ad gravissimas verborum contumelias, id. B. C. 3, 83: ad accusandum, ad inimicitias, Cic. Mur. 27, 56; id. Sest. 41, 89; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 1: ad extrema, [[Pollio]] ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4: ad frontis urbanae praemia, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11: [[preces]] in omnes, Verg. A. 5, 782: videte, quo descendam, judices, Cic. Font. 1, 2; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 38; Caes. B. C. 1, 81, 5: ad intellectum audientis, Quint. 1, 2, 27: ad minutissima [[opera]], id. 1, 12, 14; 4, 2, 15: placet mihi ista [[defensio]]; [[descendo]], I [[acquiesce]], id. ib. 2, 2, 72.—<br /> <b>3</b> (Mostly [[ante]]-Aug.) To [[descend]] or [[proceed]] from [[any]] [[person]] or [[thing]]: ex gradu ascendentium vel descendentium uxorem ducere, Dig. 23, 2, 68 et saep.: [[quod]] [[genus]] liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit, ib. 43, 26, 1; cf. ib. 18, 1, 57 fin.: a Platone, Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 111; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.—Hence, subst.: dē-scendens, entis, m. and f., a [[descendant]]; plur. descendentes, [[posterity]], Dig. 23, 2, 68. —<br /> <b>4</b> (In Quint.) To [[depart]], [[deviate]], [[differ]] from: [[tantum]] ab eo defluebat, [[quantum]] [[ille]] (sc. [[Seneca]]) ab antiquis descenderat, Quint. 10, 1, 126; id. 3, 5, 8.!*? The [[passive]] is [[very]] [[rare]], Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 71; Prud. Apoth. 1075. | ||
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|gf=<b>dēscendō</b>,⁸ scendī, scēnsum, ĕre (de et [[scando]]), intr.,<br /><b>1</b> descendre : de rostris Cic. Vat. 26 ; de cælo Liv. 6, 18, 9, descendre de la tribune, du ciel ; ex equo Cic. CM 34 ; e tribunali Suet. Claud. 15 ; e cælo Juv. 11, 27, descendre de cheval, du [[tribunal]], du ciel ; ab Alpibus Liv. 21, 32, 2, des [[Alpes]] ; monte Sall. J. 50, 2 ; cælo Virg. G. 4, 235, d’une montagne, du ciel ; ex superioribus locis in planitiem Cæs. C. 3, 98, 1, descendre des hauteurs dans la plaine, cf. G. 7, 53, 2 ; ad naviculas [[nostras]] Cic. Ac. 2, 148, descendre vers [[nos]] barques ; ad imas umbras Virg. En. 6, 404, dans les profondeurs chez les ombres || [avec dat., poét.] : nocti, Erebo Sil. 13, 708 ; 13, 759, descendre dans la nuit, dans l’Érèbe || [en part.] : descendere in [[forum]] Crass. d. Cic. de Or. 2, 267 ; ad [[forum]] Cic. d. Non. 538, 26, ou descendere seul Cic. Phil. 2, 15 ; Verr. 2, 2, 92, descendre au [[forum]] ; ad [[comitia]] Suet. Cæs. 13, aux comices ; in Piræum Nep. Alc. 6, 1, au Pirée<br /><b>2</b> [t. mil.] quitter la position qu’on occupait pour en venir aux mains, en venir à, s’engager dans : in [[certamen]] Cic. Tusc. 2, 62 ; in aciem Liv. 8, 8, 1 ; ad pugnam Val. Flacc. 3, 518, en venir au combat, engager la lutte || [fig.] s’engager dans, in causam, dans un [[parti]] : Cic. Phil. 8, 4 ; Att. 8, 1, 3 ; Liv. 36, 7, 6 ; Tac. H. 3, 3 (in partes Ann. 15, 50 ) || se laisser aller à qqch., condescendre à : ad ludum Cic. de Or. 2, 22, se laisser aller à jouer, cf. Rep. 1, 67 || en venir à, se résigner à, se résoudre à : ad societates calamitatum Cic. Læl. 64, se résoudre à partager l’infortune ; ad [[omnia]] Cic. Att. 9, 18, 3, en venir à tous les moyens ; ad innocentium supplicia Cæs. G. 6, 16, 5, se résoudre à supplicier des innocents, cf. G. 5, 29, 5 ; 7, 78, 1, etc.<br /><b>3</b> [en parl. de choses] pénétrer : [[ferrum]] descendit [[haud]] [[alte]] in [[corpus]] Liv. 1, 41, 5, le [[fer]] n’[[est]] pas entré profondément dans le corps ; toto descendit corpore [[pestis]] Virg. En. 5, 683, le fléau gagne le corps entier des vaisseaux || descendre : [[vestis]] descendit [[infra]] genua Curt. 6, 5, 27, son vêtement descend au-dessous du genou ; [l’eau descend, baisse] Plin. 31, 57 ; cf. Luc. 5, 337 ; [la voix s’abaisse] Quint. 11, 3, 65 ; [les aliments descendent, se digèrent bien] Cels. Med. 1, 6 || se rapprocher de qqch. par ressemblance], tirer sur qqch. (ad [[aliquid]]) : Plin. 37, 123 || [fig.] : [[quod]] [[verbum]] in [[pectus]] Jugurthæ altius... descendit Sall. J. 11, 7, ce mot pénétra profondément dans le cœur de [[Jugurtha]] ; curam in animos patrum descensuram Liv. 3, 52, 2, [ils disent] que l’inquiétude entrera dans l’âme des sénateurs ; in aures alicujus Hor. P. 387, être versé dans les oreilles de qqn = être lu à qqn ; in [[sese]] Pers. 4, 23, descendre en soi-même<br /><b>4</b> descendre, finir par arriver à : a [[vita]] pastorali ad agriculturam [[Varro]] R. 2, 1, 5, en venir de la vie pastorale à l’agriculture ; [[ejus]] disciplinæ [[usus]] in nostram [[usque]] ætatem descendit Quint. 1, 11, 18, la pratique de [[cette]] méthode [[est]] venue jusqu’à nous<br /><b>5</b> descendre de, tirer son origine de : Dig. || [fig.] a Platone Plin. 22, 111, provenir de [[Platon]]<br /><b>6</b> s’écarter de, s’éloigner de, dévier de : Quint. 10, 1, 126<br /><b>7</b> pass. anormal, comme si [[descendo]] était tr. : [[porticus]] descenduntur nonagenis gradibus Plin. 36, 88, des portiques d’où l’on descend par quatre-vingt-dix degrés. pf. arch. [[descendidi]] Val. Ant. Ann. 62 et Laber. d. Gell. 6, 9, 17. | |||
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Revision as of 06:33, 14 August 2017
Latin > English (Lewis & Short)
dē-scendo: di, sum, 3 (
I perf. redupl.: descendidit, Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 4 fin.; and, descendiderant, Laber. ib.; perf.: desciderunt, Inscr. Frat. Arv. 13 Henzen.), v. n., to come down; and of inanimate subjects, to fall, sink down, to descend, opp. to ascendo (class. and freq.).
I Lit.
A In gen.: ex equo, to alight, Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Auct. B. Hisp. 15, 2; for which, equo, Sall. Hist. Fragm. 5, 13: sicut monte descenderat, id. J. 50, 2: e curru, Suet. Tib. 20: e tribunali, id. Claud. 15: de rostris, Cic. Vatin. 11: de templo, Liv. 44, 45: de caelo, id. 6, 18; for which, caelo, Hor. Od. 3, 4, 1: e caelo, Juv. 11, 27: caelo ab alto, Verg. A. 8, 423; cf.: vertice montis ab alto, id. ib. 7, 675; and: ab Histro (Da cus), id. G. 2, 497: ab Alpibus, Liv. 21, 32, 2; 27, 38, 6: monte, Verg. A. 4, 159: aggeribus Alpinis atque arce Monoeci, id. ib. 6, 831: antro Castalio, Ov. M. 3, 14: per clivum, id. F. 1, 263 et saep.—Indicating the terminus ad quem: in mare de caelo, Lucr. 6, 427: Juppiter in terras, id. 6, 402: in pon tum, Sil. 1, 607; 15, 152; cf.: caelo in hibernas undas, Verg. G. 4, 235: caelo ad suos honores templaque, etc., Ov. F. 5, 551: in aestum, Lucr. 6, 402: in inferiorem ambulationem, Cic. Tusc. 4: in campos, Liv. 6, 737; cf. Curt. 9, 9: in Piraeum, Quint. 8, 6, 64 et saep.: ad naviculas, Cic. Ac. 2, 48 fin.: ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras, Verg. A. 6, 404: sinus vestis infra genua, Curt. 6, 5 et saep. Poet. also with dat.: nocti, i. e. ad inferos, Sil. 13, 708; cf. Erebo, id. 13, 759.—With sup.: per quod oraculo utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt, Liv. 45, 27, 8.—Absol.: turbo descendit, Lucr. 6, 438; cf. Verg. E. 7, 60: asta ut descendam (sc. ex equo), dismount, alight, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 120; Suet. Galb. 18: descendens (sc. e lecto), Tib. 1, 5, 41: descendo (sc. de arce), Verg. A. 2, 632: umbrae descendentes (sc. ad inferos), Stat. S. 5, 5, 41.—Poet.: trepidi quoties nos descendentis arenae vidimus in partes, i. e. that seemed to sink as the wild beasts rose from the vaults, Calp. Ecl. 7, 69.—
B In partic.
1 To go down, to go, to come, sc. from the dwelling-houses (which in Rome were mostly situated on eminences) to the forum, the comitia, etc.: in forum descendens, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; so, ad forum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 26; Q. Cic. Petit. cons. 14; Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 24, 7; 34, 1; cf.: fuge, quo descendere gestis, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 5; Orell. ad loc.: ad comitia, Suet. Caes. 13 al.: de palatio et aedibus suis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 46.—Absol.: hodie non descendit Antonius, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38; Liv. 2, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 27 al. —
b Transf.: in causam, Cic. Phil. 8, 2; Liv. 36, 7; Tac. H. 3, 3: in partes, id. A. 15, 50. —
c Of land, etc., to sink, fall, slope: regio, Val. Fl. 1, 538.—
d Of forests whose wood is brought to the plain, Stat. Ach. 2, 115: Caucasus, Val. Fl. 7, 55.—
e Of water conveyed in pipes, to fall: subeat descendatque, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57; cf. of the sea: non magis descenderet aequor, Luc. 5, 338.—
2 In milit. lang., to march down, sc. from an eminence into the plain: ex superioribus locis in planitiem, Caes. B. C. 3, 98; cf. id. ib. 3, 65, 2: qua (sc. de monte), Sall. J. 50, 3: inde (sc. de arce), Liv. 32, 32; cf. id. 7, 29: in aequum locum, Caes. B. G. 7, 53, 2; for which, in aequum, Liv. 1, 12: in campum omnibus copiis, id. 23, 29: in plana, Front. Strat. 2, 5, 18: ad Alexandriam, Liv. 45, 12 et saep.—Absol., Liv. 44, 5; Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9: ad laevam, Sall. J. 55 al.—With supine: praedatum in agros Romanos, Liv. 3, 10, 4; 10, 31, 2.—Hence,
b Transf.: in aciem, to go into battle, to engage, Liv. 8, 8; 23, 29; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 11 al.: in proelium, id. ib. 2, 1, 10; Just. 21, 2, 5: in certamen, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26: ad pugnam, ad tales pugnas, Val. Fl. 3, 518; Juv. 7, 173; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41; and even, in bellum, Just. 15, 4, 21; 38, 8, 1; cf.: in belli periculum, id. 15, 1, 2.—
3 In medic. lang., of the excrements: to pass off, pass through, Cels. 2, 4 fin.: olera, id. 1, 6: alvus, id. 2, 7.—
4 Pregn., to sink down, penetrate into any thing (freq. only after the Aug. per.; not in Cic. and Caes.): ferrum in corpus, Liv. 1, 41; cf. Sil. 16, 544: toto descendit in ilia ferro, Ov. M. 3, 67: (harundo) in caput, Luc. 6, 216; cf.: in jugulos gladiis descendebant (hostes), Flor. 3, 10, 13: ense in jugulos, Claud. B. Get. 601: in terram (fulmen), Plin. 2, 55, 56, § 146: in rimam calamus, id. 17, 14, 24, § 102: subjacens soli duritia non patitur in altum descendere (radices), lapathi radix ad tria cubita, Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 98 et saep.: toto corpore pestis, Verg. A. 5, 683: galeas vetant descendere cristae, to sink down, Stat. Th. 9, 262. —
5 In an obscene sense, Catull. 112, 2; Juv. 11, 163.—
II Trop.
A In gen. (esp. freq. in Quint.), to descend, etc.: a vita pastorali ad agriculturam, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 3 sq.; cf.: ad aliquem, Just. 1, 4, 1: usus in nostram aetatem descendit, Quint. 1, 11, 18: (vox) attollitur concitatis affectibus, compositis descendit, id. 11, 3, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 92: grammatici omnes in hanc descendent rerum tenuitatem, id. 1, 4, 7 et saep.: in omnia familiaritatis officia, Plin. Pan. 85, 5.—Pass. impers.: eo contemptionis descensum, ut, etc., Tac. A. 15, 1 et saep.: si quid tamen olim Scripseris, in Maeci descendat judicis aures, Hor. A. P. 387: si descendere ad ipsum Ordine perpetuo quaeris sunt hujus origo Ilus et Assaracus, etc., Ov. M. 11, 754.—
B In partic.
1 (Acc. to no. I. A. 4.) To sink deep into, to penetrate deeply: quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius, quam quisquam ratus erat, descendit, Sall. J. 11, 7; cf.: ut altius injuriae quam merita descendant, Sen. Ben. 1, 1 med.; id. Contr. 1 praef.; Spart. Ant. Get. 6: cura in animos Patrum, Liv. 3, 52; cf.: qui (metus deorum) cum descendere ad animos ... non posset, id. 1, 19: nemo in sese tentat descendere, to examine himself, Pers. 4, 23.—
2 To lower one's self, descend to an act or employment, etc.; to yield, agree to any act, esp. to one which is unpleasant or wrong (freq. in Cic. and Caes.; cf. Orell. ad Cic. Cael. 2, and Fabri ad Liv. 23, 14, 3).—Constr. with ad, very rarely with in or absol.: senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6: ad calamitatum societates, id. Lael. 17, 64: sua voluntate sapientem descendere ad rationes civitatis non solere, id. Rep. 1, 6 al.: ad ejusmodi consilium, Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 5: ad innocentium supplicia, id. ib. 6, 16 fin.: ad vim atque ad arma, id. ib. 7, 33: ad gravissimas verborum contumelias, id. B. C. 3, 83: ad accusandum, ad inimicitias, Cic. Mur. 27, 56; id. Sest. 41, 89; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 1: ad extrema, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4: ad frontis urbanae praemia, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11: preces in omnes, Verg. A. 5, 782: videte, quo descendam, judices, Cic. Font. 1, 2; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 38; Caes. B. C. 1, 81, 5: ad intellectum audientis, Quint. 1, 2, 27: ad minutissima opera, id. 1, 12, 14; 4, 2, 15: placet mihi ista defensio; descendo, I acquiesce, id. ib. 2, 2, 72.—
3 (Mostly ante-Aug.) To descend or proceed from any person or thing: ex gradu ascendentium vel descendentium uxorem ducere, Dig. 23, 2, 68 et saep.: quod genus liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit, ib. 43, 26, 1; cf. ib. 18, 1, 57 fin.: a Platone, Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 111; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.—Hence, subst.: dē-scendens, entis, m. and f., a descendant; plur. descendentes, posterity, Dig. 23, 2, 68. —
4 (In Quint.) To depart, deviate, differ from: tantum ab eo defluebat, quantum ille (sc. Seneca) ab antiquis descenderat, Quint. 10, 1, 126; id. 3, 5, 8.!*? The passive is very rare, Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 71; Prud. Apoth. 1075.
Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)
dēscendō,⁸ scendī, scēnsum, ĕre (de et scando), intr.,
1 descendre : de rostris Cic. Vat. 26 ; de cælo Liv. 6, 18, 9, descendre de la tribune, du ciel ; ex equo Cic. CM 34 ; e tribunali Suet. Claud. 15 ; e cælo Juv. 11, 27, descendre de cheval, du tribunal, du ciel ; ab Alpibus Liv. 21, 32, 2, des Alpes ; monte Sall. J. 50, 2 ; cælo Virg. G. 4, 235, d’une montagne, du ciel ; ex superioribus locis in planitiem Cæs. C. 3, 98, 1, descendre des hauteurs dans la plaine, cf. G. 7, 53, 2 ; ad naviculas nostras Cic. Ac. 2, 148, descendre vers nos barques ; ad imas umbras Virg. En. 6, 404, dans les profondeurs chez les ombres
