ἄφρων: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

διάνοια, ἐὰν ἐρευνᾷς τοὺς ἱεροφαντηθέντας λόγους μὲν θεοῦ, νόμους δὲ ἀνθρώπων θεοφιλῶν, οὐδὲν ταπεινὸν οὐδ᾽ ἀνάξιον τοῦ μεγέθους αὐτῶν ἀναγκασθήσῃ παραδέχεσθαι → if, O my understanding, thou searchest on this wise into the oracles which are both words of God and laws given by men whom God loves, thou shalt not be compelled to admit anything base or unworthy of their dignity

Source
m (Text replacement - "'''Étymologie:''' ἀ," to "'''Étymologie:''' ,")
m (Text replacement - "(?s)({{trml.*}}\n)({{.*}}$)" to "$2 $1")
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
 
(26 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 8: Line 8:
|Transliteration C=afron
|Transliteration C=afron
|Beta Code=a)/frwn
|Beta Code=a)/frwn
|Definition=ον, gen. ονος, ([[φρήν]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[senseless]], of statues, X. Mem.1.4.4:— and so, [[crazed]], [[frantic]], ἄφρονα κούρην Il.5.875, cf. 761, A.Eu.377 (lyr.); [[silly]], [[foolish]], Il.3.220, Hes.Op.[210], S.El.941, etc.; φρένας ἄ. Il.4.104; τὸ ἄφρον = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Th.5.105, X.Mem.1.2.55; τῶ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον &lt;τῆς ῥώμης&gt; Gorg.Fr.6; ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων γεγένηται X.Cyr.3.1.17: Comp. [[ἀφρονέστερος]] Pl.Cra.392c: Sup. [[ἀφρονέστατος]] X.Mem.2.1.5. Adv. [[ἀφρόνως]] = [[senselessly]], S.Aj.766, X.HG5.1.19; opp. νοῦν ἐχόντως, Isoc.5.7: Comp. [[ἀφρονεστέρως]] Pl.La.193c; [[ἀφρονέστερον]] Jul.Or.7.224d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἄφρον]] = [[κώνειον]], Ps.-Dsc.4.78.
|Definition=ἄφρον, gen. ονος, ([[φρήν]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[senseless]], of [[statue]]s, X. Mem.1.4.4:—and so, [[crazed]], [[frantic]], ἄφρονα κούρην Il.5.875, cf. 761, A.Eu.377 (lyr.); [[unreasonable]], [[silly]], [[foolish]], Il.3.220, Hes.Op.[210], S.El.941, etc.; φρένας ἄ. Il.4.104; [[τὸ ἄφρον]] = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Th.5.105, X.Mem.1.2.55; τῶ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον Gorg.Fr.6; ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων γεγένηται X.Cyr.3.1.17: Comp. [[ἀφρονέστερος]] Pl.Cra.392c: Sup. [[ἀφρονέστατος]] X.Mem.2.1.5. Adv. [[ἀφρόνως]] = [[senselessly]], [[stupidly]], [[foolishly]], S.Aj.766, X.HG5.1.19; opp. [[νοῦν ἐχόντως]] = [[in sensible fashion]], Isoc.5.7: Comp. [[ἀφρονεστέρως]] Pl.La.193c; [[ἀφρονέστερον]] Jul.Or.7.224d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἄφρον]] = [[κώνειον]] ([[hemlock]]), Ps.-Dsc.4.78.
}}
{{DGE
|dgtxt=-ον<br /><b class="num">I</b> adj.<br /><b class="num">1</b> de pers. [[insensato]], [[sin juicio]], [[tonto]], [[estúpido]] τῷ (Pándaro) δὲ φρένας ἄφρονι πεῖθεν <i>Il</i>.4.104, de Ulises <i>Il</i>.3.220, [[ἄνθρωπος]] A.<i>Fr</i>.392, cf. Hp.<i>Morb.Sacr</i>.7.7, Th.6.33, [[ἀνήρ]] [[LXX]] <i>Pr</i>.6.12, μηδ' ἄ. γένῃ Ar.<i>V</i>.729, de los gálatas, Call.<i>Del</i>.184, del [[alma]], Plot.5.9.2, cf. Pl.<i>Epin</i>.976d, [[ἐγκέφαλος]] Nonn.<i>D</i>.10.26, sup. [[ἄδικος|ἄδικοι]] καὶ ὑβρισταὶ καὶ ἀφρονέστατοι Pl.<i>Lg</i>.630b, de anim. τοῖς ἀφρονεστάτοις τῶν θηρίων X.<i>Mem</i>.2.1.5, de la parte del alma que se instala en una [[planta]], Plot.5.2.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. de estatuas [[sin seso]] εἴδωλα ἄφρονά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα X.<i>Mem</i>.1.4.4.<br /><b class="num">2</b> c. idea de [[violencia]], de pers. [[insensato]], [[loco]], [[frenético]] [[κούρη]] <i>Il</i>.5.875, de Ares <i>Il</i>.5.761, de Electra, S.<i>El</i>.941, ἄ. δ' ὅς κ' ἐθέλῃ πρὸς κρείσσονας [[ἀντιφερίζειν]] Hes.<i>Op</i>.210, ἄφρονα Ῥοῖκον ἔολπα Call.<i>Dian</i>.221, esp. de un epiléptico, Hp.<i>Vict</i>.1.35<br /><b class="num">•</b>de pasiones o situaciones anímicas no dominadas por la [[razón]] [[insensato]], [[irracional]], [[loco]] οὐκ οἶδεν τόδ' ὑπ' ἄφρονι λύμᾳ A.<i>Eu</i>.377, βουλεύματα E.<i>Ph</i>.1647, [[λόγος]] E.<i>HF</i> 758, [[προθυμία]] E.<i>HF</i> 310, ref. a [[θάρρος]] y [[φόβος]] Pl.<i>Ti</i>.69d, [[λύσσα]] Nonn.<i>D</i>.5.331.<br /><b class="num">II</b> subst.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[τὸ ἄφρον]] = [[sinrazón]], [[insensatez]] τῷ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον τῆς [[ῥώμη]]ς Gorg.B 6, οὐ ζηλοῦμεν τὸ ἄφρον de los melios, Th.5.105, τὸ ἄφρον ἄτιμόν ἐστι X.<i>Mem</i>.1.2.55, ἐξ ἄφρονος [[σώφρων]] γεγένηται X.<i>Cyr</i>.3.1.17, τὸ ἄφρον τῆς διανοίας Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.265e, cf. dud. Diog.Oen.34.6.1.<br /><b class="num">2</b> ὁ [[ἄφρων]] tb. sin art. [[insensato]], [[necio]] σοφὸς ... πεδ' ἀφρόνων Pi.<i>P</i>.8.74, [[στόμα]] δ' ἀφρόνων ἀναγγελεῖ κακά [[LXX]] <i>Pr</i>.15.2, παιδευτὴς ἀφρόνων <i>Ep.Rom</i>.2.20, τῶν ἀφρόνων φρόνιμοι 2<i>Ep.Cor</i>.11.19, cf. <i>Eu.Luc</i>.11.40.<br /><b class="num">3</b> bot. [[τὸ ἄφρον]] otro n. de la [[cicuta]] Ps.Dsc.4.78.<br /><b class="num">III</b> adv. <br /><b class="num">1</b> [[ἀφρόνως]] = [[insensatamente]], [[sin sentido]] ἠμείψατο S.<i>Ai</i>.766, ἀ. ἔπλει X.<i>HG</i> 5.1.19.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[ἀφρονεστέρως]] = [[del modo más insensato]] ἀ. ... οἱ τοιοῦτοι κινδυνεύουσιν Pl.<i>La</i>.193c<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ἀφρονέστερον]] = en una [[correlación]] οὐκ ἀφρόνως μὲν ... ἀνελθόντες δὲ ... ἀ. ἐχρήσασθε Iul.<i>Or</i>.7.224d.
}}
{{bailly
|btext=ων, ον ; <i>gén.</i> ονος;<br /><b>I.</b> [[privé de sentiment]];<br /><b>II.</b> [[qui a perdu la raison]] :<br /><b>1</b> [[furieux]], [[fou]];<br /><b>2</b> [[insensé]], [[déraisonnable]] ; τὸ [[ἄφρον]] démence folie;<br /><i>Cp.</i> ἀφρονέστερος, <i>Sp.</i> ἀφρονέστατος.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀ]], [[φρήν]].
}}
}}
{{pape
{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0415.png Seite 415]] ον ([[φρήν]]), unverständig, thöricht, von Hom. an überall. Bei Plat. dem [[φρόνιμος]] entgeggstzt, Soph. 247 a u. öfter; τὸ ἄφρον, der Unverstand, Xen. Mem. 1, 2, 55.
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0415.png Seite 415]] ον ([[φρήν]]), unverständig, thöricht, von Hom. an überall. Bei Plat. dem [[φρόνιμος]] entgeggstzt, Soph. 247 a u. öfter; τὸ ἄφρον, der Unverstand, Xen. Mem. 1, 2, 55.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''ἄφρων:''' gen. ονος<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[лишенный сознания]], [[бесчувственный]] (εἴδωλα ἄφρωνά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα Xen.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[безрассудный]], [[безумный]] Hom., Hes., Xen., Plut.;<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[неистовый]], [[бешеный]] Hom., Aesch., Soph.
}}
}}
{{ls
{{ls
|lstext='''ἄφρων''': -ον, γεν. ονος (φρὴν) στερούμενος φρενῶν, ἐπὶ ἀγαλμάτων, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 4, 4: ― καὶ [[ἑπομένως]] [[παράφρων]], [[μανιώδης]], ἄφρονα κούρην Ἰλ. Ε. 875, πρβλ. 761, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 377, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 941· ἢ [[μωρός]], [[ἀνόητος]], Λατ. amens, Ἰλ. Γ. 220, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 208, κτλ.· φρένας ἀφρ. Ἰλ. Δ. 104· τὸ ἄφρον = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Θουκ. 5. 105, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 2, 55· ἐξ ἄφρονος [[σώφρων]] ὁ αὐτ. Κύρ. 3. 1, 17· πρβλ. [[ἀπόπληκτος]]. ― Συγκρ. καὶ ὑπερθ. ἀφρονέστερος, -έστατος. ― Ἐπίρρ. [[ἀφρόνως]], ἀνοήτως, Σοφ. Αἴ. 766, κτλ.
|lstext='''ἄφρων''': -ον, γεν. ονος (φρὴν) στερούμενος φρενῶν, ἐπὶ ἀγαλμάτων, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 4, 4: ― καὶ [[ἑπομένως]] [[παράφρων]], [[μανιώδης]], ἄφρονα κούρην Ἰλ. Ε. 875, πρβλ. 761, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 377, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 941· ἢ [[μωρός]], [[ἀνόητος]], Λατ. amens, Ἰλ. Γ. 220, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 208, κτλ.· φρένας ἀφρ. Ἰλ. Δ. 104· τὸ ἄφρον = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Θουκ. 5. 105, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 2, 55· ἐξ ἄφρονος [[σώφρων]] ὁ αὐτ. Κύρ. 3. 1, 17· πρβλ. [[ἀπόπληκτος]]. ― Συγκρ. καὶ ὑπερθ. ἀφρονέστερος, -έστατος. ― Ἐπίρρ. [[ἀφρόνως]], ἀνοήτως, Σοφ. Αἴ. 766, κτλ.
}}
{{bailly
|btext=ων, ον ; <i>gén.</i> ονος;<br /><b>I.</b> privé de sentiment;<br /><b>II.</b> qui a perdu la raison :<br /><b>1</b> furieux, fou;<br /><b>2</b> insensé, déraisonnable ; τὸ [[ἄφρον]] démence folie;<br /><i>Cp.</i> ἀφρονέστερος, <i>Sp.</i> ἀφρονέστατος.<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[ἀ]], [[φρήν]].
}}
}}
{{Autenrieth
{{Autenrieth
Line 23: Line 29:
}}
}}
{{Slater
{{Slater
|sltr=[[ἄφρων]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> [[foolish]] m. pl. pro subs. πολλοῖς σοφὸς δοκεῖ πεδ' ἀφρόνων βίον κορυσσέμεν ὀρθοβούλοισι μαχαναῖς (P. 8.74)
|sltr=[[ἄφρων]] [[foolish]] m. pl. pro subs. πολλοῖς σοφὸς δοκεῖ πεδ' ἀφρόνων βίον κορυσσέμεν ὀρθοβούλοισι μαχαναῖς (P. 8.74)
}}
{{DGE
|dgtxt=-ον<br /><b class="num">I</b> adj.<br /><b class="num">1</b> de pers. [[insensato]], [[sin juicio]], [[tonto]], [[estúpido]] τῷ (Pándaro) δὲ φρένας ἄφρονι πεῖθεν <i>Il</i>.4.104, de Ulises <i>Il</i>.3.220, [[ἄνθρωπος]] A.<i>Fr</i>.392, cf. Hp.<i>Morb.Sacr</i>.7.7, Th.6.33, [[ἀνήρ]] [[LXX]] <i>Pr</i>.6.12, μηδ' ἄ. γένῃ Ar.<i>V</i>.729, de los gálatas, Call.<i>Del</i>.184, del alma, Plot.5.9.2, cf. Pl.<i>Epin</i>.976d, [[ἐγκέφαλος]] Nonn.<i>D</i>.10.26, sup. ἄδικοι καὶ ὑβρισταὶ καὶ ἀφρονέστατοι Pl.<i>Lg</i>.630b, de anim. τοῖς ἀφρονεστάτοις τῶν θηρίων X.<i>Mem</i>.2.1.5, de la parte del alma que se instala en una [[planta]], Plot.5.2.2<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. de estatuas [[sin seso]] εἴδωλα ἄφρονά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα X.<i>Mem</i>.1.4.4.<br /><b class="num">2</b> c. idea de violencia, de pers. [[insensato]], [[loco]], [[frenético]] [[κούρη]] <i>Il</i>.5.875, de Ares <i>Il</i>.5.761, de Electra, S.<i>El</i>.941, ἄ. δ' ὅς κ' ἐθέλῃ πρὸς κρείσσονας ἀντιφερίζειν Hes.<i>Op</i>.210, ἄφρονα Ῥοῖκον ἔολπα Call.<i>Dian</i>.221, esp. de un epiléptico, Hp.<i>Vict</i>.1.35<br /><b class="num">•</b>de pasiones o situaciones anímicas no dominadas por la [[razón]] [[insensato]], [[irracional]], [[loco]] οὐκ οἶδεν τόδ' ὑπ' ἄφρονι λύμᾳ A.<i>Eu</i>.377, βουλεύματα E.<i>Ph</i>.1647, λόγος E.<i>HF</i> 758, προθυμία E.<i>HF</i> 310, ref. a θάρρος y φόβος Pl.<i>Ti</i>.69d, λύσσα Nonn.<i>D</i>.5.331.<br /><b class="num">II</b> subst.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[τὸ ἄφρον]] = [[sinrazón]], [[insensatez]] τῷ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον τῆς ῥώμης Gorg.B 6, οὐ ζηλοῦμεν τὸ ἄφρον de los melios, Th.5.105, τὸ ἄφρον ἄτιμόν ἐστι X.<i>Mem</i>.1.2.55, ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων γεγένηται X.<i>Cyr</i>.3.1.17, τὸ ἄφρον τῆς διανοίας Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.265e, cf. dud. Diog.Oen.34.6.1.<br /><b class="num">2</b> ὁ ἄ. tb. sin art. [[insensato]], [[necio]] σοφὸς ... πεδ' ἀφρόνων Pi.<i>P</i>.8.74, στόμα δ' ἀφρόνων ἀναγγελεῖ κακά [[LXX]] <i>Pr</i>.15.2, παιδευτὴς ἀφρόνων <i>Ep.Rom</i>.2.20, τῶν ἀφρόνων φρόνιμοι 2<i>Ep.Cor</i>.11.19, cf. <i>Eu.Luc</i>.11.40.<br /><b class="num">3</b> bot. [[τὸ ἄφρον]] otro n. de la [[cicuta]] Ps.Dsc.4.78.<br /><b class="num">III</b> adv. <br /><b class="num">1</b> [[ἀφρόνως]] = [[insensatamente]], [[sin sentido]] ἠμείψατο S.<i>Ai</i>.766, ἀ. ἔπλει X.<i>HG</i> 5.1.19.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[ἀφρονεστέρως]] = [[del modo más insensato]] ἀ. ... οἱ τοιοῦτοι κινδυνεύουσιν Pl.<i>La</i>.193c<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ἀφρονέστερον]] = en una [[correlación]] οὐκ ἀφρόνως μὲν ... ἀνελθόντες δὲ ... ἀ. ἐχρήσασθε Iul.<i>Or</i>.7.224d.
}}
}}
{{StrongGR
{{StrongGR
Line 39: Line 42:
{{lsm
{{lsm
|lsmtext='''ἄφρων:''' -ον, γεν. <i>-ονος</i> ([[φρήν]]), αυτός που δεν έχει αισθήσεις, λέγεται για τα αγάλματα, σε Ξεν.· [[παράφρων]], [[μανιώδης]] ή [[ανόητος]], [[μωρός]], σε Όμηρ., Αττ.· τὸἄφρον = [[ἀφροσύνη]], σε Θουκ.· επίρρ. [[ἀφρόνως]], ανόητα, σε Σοφ.
|lsmtext='''ἄφρων:''' -ον, γεν. <i>-ονος</i> ([[φρήν]]), αυτός που δεν έχει αισθήσεις, λέγεται για τα αγάλματα, σε Ξεν.· [[παράφρων]], [[μανιώδης]] ή [[ανόητος]], [[μωρός]], σε Όμηρ., Αττ.· τὸἄφρον = [[ἀφροσύνη]], σε Θουκ.· επίρρ. [[ἀφρόνως]], ανόητα, σε Σοφ.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''ἄφρων:''' gen. ονος<br /><b class="num">1)</b> лишенный сознания, бесчувственный (εἴδωλα ἄφρωνά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα Xen.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> безрассудный, безумный Hom., Hes., Xen., Plut.;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> неистовый, бешеный Hom., Aesch., Soph.
}}
}}
{{mdlsj
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=[[φρήν]]<br />without [[sense]], of statues, Xen.:— [[crazed]], [[frantic]], or [[silly]], [[foolish]], Hom., [[attic]]: τὸ [[ἄφρον]] = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Thuc. adv. [[ἀφρόνως]], [[senselessly]], Soph.
|mdlsjtxt=[[φρήν]]<br />without [[sense]], of statues, Xen.:— [[crazed]], [[frantic]], or [[silly]], [[foolish]], Hom., Attic: τὸ [[ἄφρον]] = [[ἀφροσύνη]], Thuc. adv. [[ἀφρόνως]], [[senselessly]], Soph.
}}
}}
{{Chinese
{{Chinese
|sngr='''原文音譯''':¥frwn 阿-弗朗<br />'''詞類次數''':形容詞(11)<br />'''原文字根''':不-意向的 相當於: ([[כְּסִיל]]&#x200E;)  ([[נָבָל]]&#x200E;)<br />'''字義溯源''':無知的,愚妄的,愚笨人的,狂妄的,糊塗的,輕率的,不加思考的;由([[α]] / [[ἄλφα]])= ([[ἄνευ]])*=無)與([[φρήν]])*=心思,悟性)組成。參讀 ([[ἀνόητος]] / [[ἀνόνητος]])同義字<br />'''出現次數''':總共(11);路(2);羅(1);林前(1);林後(5);弗(1);彼前(1)<br />'''譯字彙編''':<br />1) 無知的人哪(3) 路11:40; 路12:20; 林前15:36;<br />2) 愚妄人(3) 林後11:16; 林後11:19; 林後12:11;<br />3) 糊塗(1) 彼前2:15;<br />4) 糊塗人(1) 弗5:17;<br />5) 狂妄(1) 林後12:6;<br />6) 蠢笨人的(1) 羅2:20;<br />7) 愚妄的(1) 林後11:16
|sngr='''原文音譯''':¥frwn 阿-弗朗<br />'''詞類次數''':形容詞(11)<br />'''原文字根''':不-意向的 相當於: ([[כְּסִיל]]&#x200E;)  ([[נָבָל]]&#x200E;)<br />'''字義溯源''':無知的,愚妄的,愚笨人的,狂妄的,糊塗的,輕率的,不加思考的;由([[α]] / [[ἄλφα]])= ([[ἄνευ]])*=無)與([[φρήν]])*=心思,悟性)組成。參讀 ([[ἀνόητος]] / [[ἀνόνητος]])同義字<br />'''出現次數''':總共(11);路(2);羅(1);林前(1);林後(5);弗(1);彼前(1)<br />'''譯字彙編''':<br />1) 無知的人哪(3) 路11:40; 路12:20; 林前15:36;<br />2) 愚妄人(3) 林後11:16; 林後11:19; 林後12:11;<br />3) 糊塗(1) 彼前2:15;<br />4) 糊塗人(1) 弗5:17;<br />5) 狂妄(1) 林後12:6;<br />6) 蠢笨人的(1) 羅2:20;<br />7) 愚妄的(1) 林後11:16
}}
}}
{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized
{{mantoulidis
|woodrun=[[foolish]]
|mantxt=(=[[ἀνόητος]]). Σύνθετο ἀπό τό α στερ. + [[φρήν]].
}}
{{lxth
|lthtxt=''[[demens]]'', [[mad]], [[insane]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.33.1/ 6.33.1],<br>''[[dementia]]'', [[mildness]], [[clemency]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.105.3/ 5.105.3].
}}
{{trml
|trtx====[[foolish]]===
Albanian: budalla; Arabic: أَحْمَق‎, غَبِيّ‎, سَفِيهٌ‎, مُغَفَّل‎; Armenian: հիմար, տխմար, ապուշ; Asturian: neciu, ñeciu; Azerbaijani: ağılsız, axmaq; Belarusian: дурны; Bengali: মূর্খ; Breton: sod; Bulgarian: неразумен, глупав; Burmese: မိုက်မဲ; Catalan: ximple; Cherokee: ᎤᎸᏓᎴᏍᎩ; Chinese Cantonese: 傻, 笨; Mandarin: 笨, 傻, 蠢, 愚蠢的; Chuukese: tiparoch; Czech: pošetilý, hloupý; Danish: tåbelig, dum; Dutch: [[onverstandig]], [[dom]]; Esperanto: malsaĝa, stulta; Estonian: rumal, narr, tobe, loll; Faroese: býttur, býttisligur, óvitskutur, fávitskutur; Finnish: houkkamainen; French: [[sot]], [[stupide]], [[bête]], [[idiot]]; Galician: necio; Georgian: სულელი; German: [[dumm]], [[närrisch]], [[töricht]]; Gothic: 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃, 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍃; Greek: [[ανόητος]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀβέλτερος]], [[ἀδόλεσχος]], [[ἀκαίριος]], [[ἄκαιρος]], [[ἀλίθιος]], [[ἀλιτόφρων]], [[ἀλόγιστος]], [[ἄνοος]], [[ἄνους]], [[ἀπειράγαθος]], [[ἄσοφος]], [[ἀσύφηλος]], [[ἀφραδής]], [[ἄφρενος]], [[ἄφρων]], [[βαβύρτας]], [[εὐήθης]], [[εὐηθικός]], [[ἠλίθιος]], [[κακόβουλος]], [[κακοφραδής]], [[κεπφαττελεβῶδες]], [[κεπφαττελεβώδης]], [[κέπφος]], [[κεπφώδης]], [[κωφός]], [[λαθίφρων]], [[μάταιος]], [[μωρός]], [[νενίηλος]], [[νηπύτιος]], [[νήφρων]], [[φλύαρος]], [[φλυαρώδης]]; Hebrew: מטופש‎, טיפשי‎; Hindi: मूर्ख; Hungarian: buta; Icelandic: heimskur; Ido: dessaja; Irish: leibideach, díchéillí, aimhghlic; Italian: [[babbeo]], [[sciocco]]; Japanese: 愚かな, 馬鹿げた, 馬鹿な; Kabuverdianu: tolobásku; Khmer: ភ្លើ; Korean: 어리석다, 둔하다; Ladino: bovo; Latin: [[fatuus]], [[stultus]], [[morus]], [[ineptus]]; Latvian: muļķīgs, dumjš, neprātīgs; Lithuanian: kvailas, neprotingas; Luxembourgish: domm, topeg; Macedonian: глупав; Manx: ommidjagh, blebbinagh, neuhushtagh, meecheeallagh, sou-cheayllagh, bolvaneagh; Maori: manuware, nenekara, rūrūwai, heahea, wawau; Norwegian Bokmål: tåpelig, dum; Oromo: gowwaa; Ottoman Turkish: خفیف‎; Persian: احمق‎, ببو‎; Polish: niemądry, głupi; Portuguese: [[idiota]], [[tolo]]; Romanian: prost, tont, nerod; Russian: [[глупый]], [[дурацкий]], [[дурной]], [[идиотский]]; Sardinian Campidanese: bovu, bacciloi, lolloi, managu, mengòsu; Logudorese: dòndoro, ménzu, menzosu, bovu; Scottish Gaelic: amaideach, faoin; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: будаласт, глуп; Roman: budalast, glup; Sidamo: gowwa; Slovak: pochabý, hlúpy; Slovene: neumen, butast, trapast; Spanish: [[tonto]], [[necio]], [[imprudente]]; Swedish: dåraktig, dum; Telugu: మూర్ఖ, పిచ్చి; Thai: โง่; Tocharian A: āknats; Tocharian B: aknātsa; Turkish: ahmak, akılsız, aptalca, enayice, sersem, angut; Ukrainian: дурний; Urdu: مورکھ‎; Vietnamese: dại dột; Volapük: fopik; Yiddish: נאַריש‎
===[[mad]] (insane)===
Albanian: marrë; Arabic: ⁧مَجْنُون⁩; Armenian: խենթ, գիժ; Assamese: বলিয়া, পগলা; Azerbaijani: dəli, gic, divanə, məcnun; Breton: foll, sot; Bulgarian: луд; Catalan: boig; Chinese Cantonese: 癡線/痴线, 癲/癫; Mandarin: 瘋狂/疯狂, 瘋/疯; Czech: šílený; Danish: vanvittig, skør, sindssyg, gal; Dutch: [[waanzinnig]], [[gek]], [[zot]]; Esperanto: freneza; Estonian: hull; Faroese: ørur, svakur; Finnish: hullu, mieletön; French: [[fou]], [[folle]], [[fol]]; Galician: tolo; Georgian: გიჟი, შეშლილი, სულიერად ავადმყოფი, შეურაცხადი; German: [[wahnsinnig]], [[verrückt]], [[toll]], [[irre]], [[geisteskrank]]; Greek: [[τρελός]], [[παράφρονας]], [[φρενοβλαβής]], [[μανιακός]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀεσίφρων]], [[βλαψίφρων]], [[ἐκμανής]], [[ἐμβρόντητος]], [[ἐμπληγής]], [[ἐπιμανής]], [[μανιάς]], [[μανικός]], [[μανιώδης]], [[μάργος]], [[μαργῶν]], [[μαργῶσα]], [[παραπλήξ]], [[περιμανής]], [[φρενοβλαβής]], [[φρενόληπτος]], [[φρενομανής]], [[φρενόπληκτος]], [[φρενώλης]]; Hebrew: ⁧מְשֻׁגָּע⁩, ⁧מְטֹרָף⁩; Hindi: पागल, उन्मद, बावला, बावरा, विक्षिप्त; Hungarian: őrült; Icelandic: ær; Ido: fola; Indonesian: gila, edan; Italian: [[pazzo]], [[folle]], [[matto]], [[insano]]; Japanese: 気が狂った, 狂しい, 頭がおかしい; Javanese: edan; Korean: 미친; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ⁧شێت⁩; Northern Kurdish: dîn, bêhiş; Latin: [[delirus]], [[vecors]], [[insanus]], [[demens]]; Latvian: traks, ārprātīgs, vājprātīgs; Lithuanian: pamišęs, nenormalus, beprotis, išprotėjęs; Livonian: ul; Louisiana Creole French: fou, fòl; Macedonian: луд; Malay: gila; Manx: meecheeallagh; Ngarrindjeri: wurangi; Norwegian: gal, sprø; Occitan: baug; Old English: wōd; Pashto: ⁧لېونی⁩; Persian: ⁧دیوانه⁩; Pitjantjatjara: rama; Plautdietsch: errsennich; Polish: szalony; Portuguese: [[louco]], [[maluco]], [[doido]]; Russian: [[сумасшедший]], [[безумный]], [[бешеный]], [[душевнобольной]], [[невменяемый]]; Sardinian: maccu, iscassiadu; Scottish Gaelic: às a ciall, às a chiall; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: лу̑д; Roman: lȗd; Slovak: bláznivý; Spanish: [[loco]], [[trastornado]], [[zumbado]]; Swedish: vansinnig, galen; Thai: บ้า, วิกลจริต; Turkish: deli, kuduruk, beç, kaçık, üşütük, fıttırık; Ukrainian: божевільний, збожеволілий; Urdu: ⁧پاگل⁩; Vietnamese: điên, cuồng; Volapük: lienetik
===[[insane]]===
Albanian: i çmendur; Arabic: ⁧مَجْنُون⁩, ⁧مَخْبُول⁩; Armenian: խելագար; Azerbaijani: dəli; Belarusian: шалёны, душэўнахворы, бязумны; Bengali: পাগল, দেওয়ানা; Bulgarian: луд, душевноболен, невменяем; Burmese: ရူး; Catalan: dement, foll, boig, malament del cap, tronat, guillat, tocat del bolet; Chinese Mandarin: 精神失常, 精神錯亂/精神错乱, 瘋狂/疯狂, 發狂/发狂; Czech: šílený; Danish: sindssyg; Dutch: [[gestoord]], [[waanzinnig]]; Esperanto: freneza; Estonian: hull, hullumeelne, nõdrameelne; Finnish: mielenvikainen, hullu; French: [[dérangé]], [[délirant]], [[fou]], [[dément]]; Galician: tolo, louco; Georgian: სულიერად ავადმყოფი, სულით ავადმყოფი, ფსიქიურად ავადმყოფი, შეურაცხადი, გიჟი, არანორმალური, შეშლილი, გადარეული; German: [[wahnsinnig]], [[verrückt]], [[geisteskrank]]; Greek: [[παράφρων]], [[τρελός]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀπόπληκτος]], [[ἄφρων]], [[ἐκφρενής]], [[ἔκφρων]], [[ἐπιμανής]], [[μανικός]], [[μανιῶδες]], [[μανιώδης]], [[μάργος]], [[μαργῶν]], [[μαργῶσα]], [[μωρός]], [[παράκοπος]], [[παραπεπληγμένος]], [[παράπλακτος]], [[παράπληκτος]], [[παραπλήξ]], [[παραφρόνιμος]], [[παράφρων]], [[σεληνόβλητος]], [[σιφλός]], [[φρενοβλαβής]], [[φρενώλης]]; Hebrew: ⁧בלתי־שפוי⁩; Hindi: पागल, दीवाना; Hungarian: őrült, elmebeteg, bolond; Icelandic: geðveikur; Indonesian: sinting, edan; Italian: [[insano]], [[pazzo]], [[folle]]; Japanese: 気が狂った, 狂しい, 頭がおかしい; Javanese: kentir, pekok, edan; Kazakh: ақылсыз, есалаң; Khmer: ឆ្កួត, ឧម្មត្តកៈ; Korean: 제정신이 아니다; Kyrgyz: жинди; Lao: ບ້າ; Latin: [[demens]], [[insanus]], [[vecors]]; Latvian: ārprātīgs, traks, vājprātīgs; Lithuanian: pamišęs, išprotėjęs; Macedonian: луд; Mongolian Cyrillic: солиотой, галзуу; Nepali: बौलाहा, पागल; Norwegian Bokmål: sinnsyk; Old English: wōd; Pashto: ⁧لېونی⁩, ⁧مجنون⁩; Persian: ⁧مجنون⁩, ⁧دیوانه⁩; Plautdietsch: domm, errsennich; Polish: szalony, obłąkany, porąbany, pojebany, jebnięty, popierdolony, pierdolnięty, świrnięty, zdurniały; Portuguese: [[insano]], [[doido]], [[louco]], [[débil mental]]; Romanian: nebun, alienat, dement, dezechilibrat psihic; Russian: [[душевнобольной]], [[невменяемый]], [[сумасшедший]], [[безумный]], [[умалишённый]], [[помешанный]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: лу̑д, бѐзӯман; Roman: lȗd, bèzūman; Slovak: šialený; Slovene: blazen; Spanish: [[enfermo mental]], [[loco]], [[demente]], [[enajenado]], [[alienado]], [[perturbado]], [[desequilibrado]], [[chiflado]], [[chalado]], [[ido]], [[vesánico]], [[desquiciado]], [[sonado]], [[trastornado]], [[pirado]]; Swedish: vansinnig, galen, sinnessjuk; Tagalog: baliw; Tajik: девона, маҷнун, ҷиннӣ; Thai: บ้า; Tibetan: སྨྱོན་པ; Turkish: deli; Ukrainian: божеві́льний, безумний, шалений, душевнохворий; Urdu: ⁧پاگل⁩, ⁧دیوانہ⁩; Uzbek: jinni; Vietnamese: điên, cuồng, điên rồ; Zazaki: xint, qudis
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 15:36, 16 November 2024

Click links below for lookup in third sources:
Full diacritics: ἄφρων Medium diacritics: ἄφρων Low diacritics: άφρων Capitals: ΑΦΡΩΝ
Transliteration A: áphrōn Transliteration B: aphrōn Transliteration C: afron Beta Code: a)/frwn

English (LSJ)

ἄφρον, gen. ονος, (φρήν)
A senseless, of statues, X. Mem.1.4.4:—and so, crazed, frantic, ἄφρονα κούρην Il.5.875, cf. 761, A.Eu.377 (lyr.); unreasonable, silly, foolish, Il.3.220, Hes.Op.[210], S.El.941, etc.; φρένας ἄ. Il.4.104; τὸ ἄφρον = ἀφροσύνη, Th.5.105, X.Mem.1.2.55; τῶ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον Gorg.Fr.6; ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων γεγένηται X.Cyr.3.1.17: Comp. ἀφρονέστερος Pl.Cra.392c: Sup. ἀφρονέστατος X.Mem.2.1.5. Adv. ἀφρόνως = senselessly, stupidly, foolishly, S.Aj.766, X.HG5.1.19; opp. νοῦν ἐχόντως = in sensible fashion, Isoc.5.7: Comp. ἀφρονεστέρως Pl.La.193c; ἀφρονέστερον Jul.Or.7.224d.
2 ἄφρον = κώνειον (hemlock), Ps.-Dsc.4.78.

Spanish (DGE)

-ον
I adj.
1 de pers. insensato, sin juicio, tonto, estúpido τῷ (Pándaro) δὲ φρένας ἄφρονι πεῖθεν Il.4.104, de Ulises Il.3.220, ἄνθρωπος A.Fr.392, cf. Hp.Morb.Sacr.7.7, Th.6.33, ἀνήρ LXX Pr.6.12, μηδ' ἄ. γένῃ Ar.V.729, de los gálatas, Call.Del.184, del alma, Plot.5.9.2, cf. Pl.Epin.976d, ἐγκέφαλος Nonn.D.10.26, sup. ἄδικοι καὶ ὑβρισταὶ καὶ ἀφρονέστατοι Pl.Lg.630b, de anim. τοῖς ἀφρονεστάτοις τῶν θηρίων X.Mem.2.1.5, de la parte del alma que se instala en una planta, Plot.5.2.2
esp. de estatuas sin seso εἴδωλα ἄφρονά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα X.Mem.1.4.4.
2 c. idea de violencia, de pers. insensato, loco, frenético κούρη Il.5.875, de Ares Il.5.761, de Electra, S.El.941, ἄ. δ' ὅς κ' ἐθέλῃ πρὸς κρείσσονας ἀντιφερίζειν Hes.Op.210, ἄφρονα Ῥοῖκον ἔολπα Call.Dian.221, esp. de un epiléptico, Hp.Vict.1.35
de pasiones o situaciones anímicas no dominadas por la razón insensato, irracional, loco οὐκ οἶδεν τόδ' ὑπ' ἄφρονι λύμᾳ A.Eu.377, βουλεύματα E.Ph.1647, λόγος E.HF 758, προθυμία E.HF 310, ref. a θάρρος y φόβος Pl.Ti.69d, λύσσα Nonn.D.5.331.
II subst.
1 τὸ ἄφρον = sinrazón, insensatez τῷ φρονίμῳ τῆς γνώμης παύοντες τὸ ἄφρον τῆς ῥώμης Gorg.B 6, οὐ ζηλοῦμεν τὸ ἄφρον de los melios, Th.5.105, τὸ ἄφρον ἄτιμόν ἐστι X.Mem.1.2.55, ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων γεγένηται X.Cyr.3.1.17, τὸ ἄφρον τῆς διανοίας Pl.Phdr.265e, cf. dud. Diog.Oen.34.6.1.
2ἄφρων tb. sin art. insensato, necio σοφὸς ... πεδ' ἀφρόνων Pi.P.8.74, στόμα δ' ἀφρόνων ἀναγγελεῖ κακά LXX Pr.15.2, παιδευτὴς ἀφρόνων Ep.Rom.2.20, τῶν ἀφρόνων φρόνιμοι 2Ep.Cor.11.19, cf. Eu.Luc.11.40.
3 bot. τὸ ἄφρον otro n. de la cicuta Ps.Dsc.4.78.
III adv.
1 ἀφρόνως = insensatamente, sin sentido ἠμείψατο S.Ai.766, ἀ. ἔπλει X.HG 5.1.19.
2 ἀφρονεστέρως = del modo más insensato ἀ. ... οἱ τοιοῦτοι κινδυνεύουσιν Pl.La.193c
ἀφρονέστερον = en una correlación οὐκ ἀφρόνως μὲν ... ἀνελθόντες δὲ ... ἀ. ἐχρήσασθε Iul.Or.7.224d.

French (Bailly abrégé)

ων, ον ; gén. ονος;
I. privé de sentiment;
II. qui a perdu la raison :
1 furieux, fou;
2 insensé, déraisonnable ; τὸ ἄφρον démence folie;
Cp. ἀφρονέστερος, Sp. ἀφρονέστατος.
Étymologie: , φρήν.

German (Pape)

[Seite 415] ον (φρήν), unverständig, thöricht, von Hom. an überall. Bei Plat. dem φρόνιμος entgeggstzt, Soph. 247 a u. öfter; τὸ ἄφρον, der Unverstand, Xen. Mem. 1, 2, 55.

Russian (Dvoretsky)

ἄφρων: gen. ονος
1 лишенный сознания, бесчувственный (εἴδωλα ἄφρωνά τε καὶ ἀκίνητα Xen.);
2 безрассудный, безумный Hom., Hes., Xen., Plut.;
3 неистовый, бешеный Hom., Aesch., Soph.

Greek (Liddell-Scott)

ἄφρων: -ον, γεν. ονος (φρὴν) στερούμενος φρενῶν, ἐπὶ ἀγαλμάτων, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 4, 4: ― καὶ ἑπομένως παράφρων, μανιώδης, ἄφρονα κούρην Ἰλ. Ε. 875, πρβλ. 761, Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ. 377, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 941· ἢ μωρός, ἀνόητος, Λατ. amens, Ἰλ. Γ. 220, Ἡσ. Ἔργ. κ. Ἡμ. 208, κτλ.· φρένας ἀφρ. Ἰλ. Δ. 104· τὸ ἄφρον = ἀφροσύνη, Θουκ. 5. 105, Ξεν. Ἀπομν. 1. 2, 55· ἐξ ἄφρονος σώφρων ὁ αὐτ. Κύρ. 3. 1, 17· πρβλ. ἀπόπληκτος. ― Συγκρ. καὶ ὑπερθ. ἀφρονέστερος, -έστατος. ― Ἐπίρρ. ἀφρόνως, ἀνοήτως, Σοφ. Αἴ. 766, κτλ.

English (Autenrieth)

(φρήν): thoughtless, foolish.

English (Slater)

ἄφρων foolish m. pl. pro subs. πολλοῖς σοφὸς δοκεῖ πεδ' ἀφρόνων βίον κορυσσέμεν ὀρθοβούλοισι μαχαναῖς (P. 8.74)

English (Strong)

from Α (as a negative particle) and φρήν; properly, mindless, i.e. stupid, (by implication) ignorant, (specially) egotistic, (practically) rash, or (morally) unbelieving: fool(-ish), unwise.

English (Thayer)

ἀφρωνος, ὁ, ἡ, Ἄφρον, τό (from the alpha privative and φρήν, cf. εὔφρων, σώφρων) (from Homer down), properly, without reason (εἴδωλα, Xenophon, mem. 1,4, 4); of beasts, ibid. 1,4, 14), senseless, foolish, stupid; without refection or intelligence, acting rashly: φρόνιμος, as in συνιέντες); Schmidt, chapter 147 § 17.)

Greek Monolingual

(-ονος), -ον (AM ἄφρων) φρην
1. ανόητος, απερίσκεπτος
2. παράλογος, τρελός
αρχ.
το ουδ. ως ουσ. τὸ ἄφρον
η αφροσύνη.

Greek Monotonic

ἄφρων: -ον, γεν. -ονος (φρήν), αυτός που δεν έχει αισθήσεις, λέγεται για τα αγάλματα, σε Ξεν.· παράφρων, μανιώδης ή ανόητος, μωρός, σε Όμηρ., Αττ.· τὸἄφρον = ἀφροσύνη, σε Θουκ.· επίρρ. ἀφρόνως, ανόητα, σε Σοφ.

Middle Liddell

φρήν
without sense, of statues, Xen.:— crazed, frantic, or silly, foolish, Hom., Attic: τὸ ἄφρον = ἀφροσύνη, Thuc. adv. ἀφρόνως, senselessly, Soph.

Chinese

原文音譯:¥frwn 阿-弗朗
詞類次數:形容詞(11)
原文字根:不-意向的 相當於: (כְּסִיל‎) (נָבָל‎)
字義溯源:無知的,愚妄的,愚笨人的,狂妄的,糊塗的,輕率的,不加思考的;由(α / ἄλφα)= (ἄνευ)*=無)與(φρήν)*=心思,悟性)組成。參讀 (ἀνόητος / ἀνόνητος)同義字
出現次數:總共(11);路(2);羅(1);林前(1);林後(5);弗(1);彼前(1)
譯字彙編
1) 無知的人哪(3) 路11:40; 路12:20; 林前15:36;
2) 愚妄人(3) 林後11:16; 林後11:19; 林後12:11;
3) 糊塗(1) 彼前2:15;
4) 糊塗人(1) 弗5:17;
5) 狂妄(1) 林後12:6;
6) 蠢笨人的(1) 羅2:20;
7) 愚妄的(1) 林後11:16

Mantoulidis Etymological

(=ἀνόητος). Σύνθετο ἀπό τό α στερ. + φρήν.

Lexicon Thucydideum

demens, mad, insane, 6.33.1,
dementia, mildness, clemency, 5.105.3.

Translations

foolish

Albanian: budalla; Arabic: أَحْمَق‎, غَبِيّ‎, سَفِيهٌ‎, مُغَفَّل‎; Armenian: հիմար, տխմար, ապուշ; Asturian: neciu, ñeciu; Azerbaijani: ağılsız, axmaq; Belarusian: дурны; Bengali: মূর্খ; Breton: sod; Bulgarian: неразумен, глупав; Burmese: မိုက်မဲ; Catalan: ximple; Cherokee: ᎤᎸᏓᎴᏍᎩ; Chinese Cantonese: 傻, 笨; Mandarin: 笨, 傻, 蠢, 愚蠢的; Chuukese: tiparoch; Czech: pošetilý, hloupý; Danish: tåbelig, dum; Dutch: onverstandig, dom; Esperanto: malsaĝa, stulta; Estonian: rumal, narr, tobe, loll; Faroese: býttur, býttisligur, óvitskutur, fávitskutur; Finnish: houkkamainen; French: sot, stupide, bête, idiot; Galician: necio; Georgian: სულელი; German: dumm, närrisch, töricht; Gothic: 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃, 𐌿𐌽𐍆𐍂𐍉𐌸𐍃; Greek: ανόητος; Ancient Greek: ἀβέλτερος, ἀδόλεσχος, ἀκαίριος, ἄκαιρος, ἀλίθιος, ἀλιτόφρων, ἀλόγιστος, ἄνοος, ἄνους, ἀπειράγαθος, ἄσοφος, ἀσύφηλος, ἀφραδής, ἄφρενος, ἄφρων, βαβύρτας, εὐήθης, εὐηθικός, ἠλίθιος, κακόβουλος, κακοφραδής, κεπφαττελεβῶδες, κεπφαττελεβώδης, κέπφος, κεπφώδης, κωφός, λαθίφρων, μάταιος, μωρός, νενίηλος, νηπύτιος, νήφρων, φλύαρος, φλυαρώδης; Hebrew: מטופש‎, טיפשי‎; Hindi: मूर्ख; Hungarian: buta; Icelandic: heimskur; Ido: dessaja; Irish: leibideach, díchéillí, aimhghlic; Italian: babbeo, sciocco; Japanese: 愚かな, 馬鹿げた, 馬鹿な; Kabuverdianu: tolobásku; Khmer: ភ្លើ; Korean: 어리석다, 둔하다; Ladino: bovo; Latin: fatuus, stultus, morus, ineptus; Latvian: muļķīgs, dumjš, neprātīgs; Lithuanian: kvailas, neprotingas; Luxembourgish: domm, topeg; Macedonian: глупав; Manx: ommidjagh, blebbinagh, neuhushtagh, meecheeallagh, sou-cheayllagh, bolvaneagh; Maori: manuware, nenekara, rūrūwai, heahea, wawau; Norwegian Bokmål: tåpelig, dum; Oromo: gowwaa; Ottoman Turkish: خفیف‎; Persian: احمق‎, ببو‎; Polish: niemądry, głupi; Portuguese: idiota, tolo; Romanian: prost, tont, nerod; Russian: глупый, дурацкий, дурной, идиотский; Sardinian Campidanese: bovu, bacciloi, lolloi, managu, mengòsu; Logudorese: dòndoro, ménzu, menzosu, bovu; Scottish Gaelic: amaideach, faoin; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: будаласт, глуп; Roman: budalast, glup; Sidamo: gowwa; Slovak: pochabý, hlúpy; Slovene: neumen, butast, trapast; Spanish: tonto, necio, imprudente; Swedish: dåraktig, dum; Telugu: మూర్ఖ, పిచ్చి; Thai: โง่; Tocharian A: āknats; Tocharian B: aknātsa; Turkish: ahmak, akılsız, aptalca, enayice, sersem, angut; Ukrainian: дурний; Urdu: مورکھ‎; Vietnamese: dại dột; Volapük: fopik; Yiddish: נאַריש‎

mad (insane)

Albanian: marrë; Arabic: ⁧مَجْنُون⁩; Armenian: խենթ, գիժ; Assamese: বলিয়া, পগলা; Azerbaijani: dəli, gic, divanə, məcnun; Breton: foll, sot; Bulgarian: луд; Catalan: boig; Chinese Cantonese: 癡線/痴线, 癲/癫; Mandarin: 瘋狂/疯狂, 瘋/疯; Czech: šílený; Danish: vanvittig, skør, sindssyg, gal; Dutch: waanzinnig, gek, zot; Esperanto: freneza; Estonian: hull; Faroese: ørur, svakur; Finnish: hullu, mieletön; French: fou, folle, fol; Galician: tolo; Georgian: გიჟი, შეშლილი, სულიერად ავადმყოფი, შეურაცხადი; German: wahnsinnig, verrückt, toll, irre, geisteskrank; Greek: τρελός, παράφρονας, φρενοβλαβής, μανιακός; Ancient Greek: ἀεσίφρων, βλαψίφρων, ἐκμανής, ἐμβρόντητος, ἐμπληγής, ἐπιμανής, μανιάς, μανικός, μανιώδης, μάργος, μαργῶν, μαργῶσα, παραπλήξ, περιμανής, φρενοβλαβής, φρενόληπτος, φρενομανής, φρενόπληκτος, φρενώλης; Hebrew: ⁧מְשֻׁגָּע⁩, ⁧מְטֹרָף⁩; Hindi: पागल, उन्मद, बावला, बावरा, विक्षिप्त; Hungarian: őrült; Icelandic: ær; Ido: fola; Indonesian: gila, edan; Italian: pazzo, folle, matto, insano; Japanese: 気が狂った, 狂しい, 頭がおかしい; Javanese: edan; Korean: 미친; Kurdish Central Kurdish: ⁧شێت⁩; Northern Kurdish: dîn, bêhiş; Latin: delirus, vecors, insanus, demens; Latvian: traks, ārprātīgs, vājprātīgs; Lithuanian: pamišęs, nenormalus, beprotis, išprotėjęs; Livonian: ul; Louisiana Creole French: fou, fòl; Macedonian: луд; Malay: gila; Manx: meecheeallagh; Ngarrindjeri: wurangi; Norwegian: gal, sprø; Occitan: baug; Old English: wōd; Pashto: ⁧لېونی⁩; Persian: ⁧دیوانه⁩; Pitjantjatjara: rama; Plautdietsch: errsennich; Polish: szalony; Portuguese: louco, maluco, doido; Russian: сумасшедший, безумный, бешеный, душевнобольной, невменяемый; Sardinian: maccu, iscassiadu; Scottish Gaelic: às a ciall, às a chiall; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: лу̑д; Roman: lȗd; Slovak: bláznivý; Spanish: loco, trastornado, zumbado; Swedish: vansinnig, galen; Thai: บ้า, วิกลจริต; Turkish: deli, kuduruk, beç, kaçık, üşütük, fıttırık; Ukrainian: божевільний, збожеволілий; Urdu: ⁧پاگل⁩; Vietnamese: điên, cuồng; Volapük: lienetik

insane

Albanian: i çmendur; Arabic: ⁧مَجْنُون⁩, ⁧مَخْبُول⁩; Armenian: խելագար; Azerbaijani: dəli; Belarusian: шалёны, душэўнахворы, бязумны; Bengali: পাগল, দেওয়ানা; Bulgarian: луд, душевноболен, невменяем; Burmese: ရူး; Catalan: dement, foll, boig, malament del cap, tronat, guillat, tocat del bolet; Chinese Mandarin: 精神失常, 精神錯亂/精神错乱, 瘋狂/疯狂, 發狂/发狂; Czech: šílený; Danish: sindssyg; Dutch: gestoord, waanzinnig; Esperanto: freneza; Estonian: hull, hullumeelne, nõdrameelne; Finnish: mielenvikainen, hullu; French: dérangé, délirant, fou, dément; Galician: tolo, louco; Georgian: სულიერად ავადმყოფი, სულით ავადმყოფი, ფსიქიურად ავადმყოფი, შეურაცხადი, გიჟი, არანორმალური, შეშლილი, გადარეული; German: wahnsinnig, verrückt, geisteskrank; Greek: παράφρων, τρελός; Ancient Greek: ἀπόπληκτος, ἄφρων, ἐκφρενής, ἔκφρων, ἐπιμανής, μανικός, μανιῶδες, μανιώδης, μάργος, μαργῶν, μαργῶσα, μωρός, παράκοπος, παραπεπληγμένος, παράπλακτος, παράπληκτος, παραπλήξ, παραφρόνιμος, παράφρων, σεληνόβλητος, σιφλός, φρενοβλαβής, φρενώλης; Hebrew: ⁧בלתי־שפוי⁩; Hindi: पागल, दीवाना; Hungarian: őrült, elmebeteg, bolond; Icelandic: geðveikur; Indonesian: sinting, edan; Italian: insano, pazzo, folle; Japanese: 気が狂った, 狂しい, 頭がおかしい; Javanese: kentir, pekok, edan; Kazakh: ақылсыз, есалаң; Khmer: ឆ្កួត, ឧម្មត្តកៈ; Korean: 제정신이 아니다; Kyrgyz: жинди; Lao: ບ້າ; Latin: demens, insanus, vecors; Latvian: ārprātīgs, traks, vājprātīgs; Lithuanian: pamišęs, išprotėjęs; Macedonian: луд; Mongolian Cyrillic: солиотой, галзуу; Nepali: बौलाहा, पागल; Norwegian Bokmål: sinnsyk; Old English: wōd; Pashto: ⁧لېونی⁩, ⁧مجنون⁩; Persian: ⁧مجنون⁩, ⁧دیوانه⁩; Plautdietsch: domm, errsennich; Polish: szalony, obłąkany, porąbany, pojebany, jebnięty, popierdolony, pierdolnięty, świrnięty, zdurniały; Portuguese: insano, doido, louco, débil mental; Romanian: nebun, alienat, dement, dezechilibrat psihic; Russian: душевнобольной, невменяемый, сумасшедший, безумный, умалишённый, помешанный; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: лу̑д, бѐзӯман; Roman: lȗd, bèzūman; Slovak: šialený; Slovene: blazen; Spanish: enfermo mental, loco, demente, enajenado, alienado, perturbado, desequilibrado, chiflado, chalado, ido, vesánico, desquiciado, sonado, trastornado, pirado; Swedish: vansinnig, galen, sinnessjuk; Tagalog: baliw; Tajik: девона, маҷнун, ҷиннӣ; Thai: บ้า; Tibetan: སྨྱོན་པ; Turkish: deli; Ukrainian: божеві́льний, безумний, шалений, душевнохворий; Urdu: ⁧پاگل⁩, ⁧دیوانہ⁩; Uzbek: jinni; Vietnamese: điên, cuồng, điên rồ; Zazaki: xint, qudis