spiro

Latin > English

spiro spirare, spiravi, spiratus V :: breathe; blow; live; breathe out; exhale; breathe the spirit of

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

spīro: āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and
I a. [etym. dub.].
I Neutr., to breathe, blow, etc. (cf. flo).
   A Lit.
   1    In gen. (only poet. and in postAug. prose): freta circum Fervescunt graviter spirantibus incita flabris, Lucr. 6, 428; Ov. M. 7, 532: obturatis, quā spiraturus est ventus, cavernis, Plin. 8, 38, 58, § 138: emicat ex oculis, spiratque e pectore flamma, breathes forth, bursts forth, Ov. M. 8, 356: aequatae spirant aurae, Verg. A. 5, 844: graviter spirantis copia thymbrae, strongscented, Verg. G. 4, 31; cf.: semper odoratis spirabunt floribus arae, Stat. S. 3, 3, 211: seu spirent cinnama surdum, emit a slight fragrance, Pers. 6, 35: quā vada non spirant, nec fracta remurmurat unda, roar, rage, Verg. A. 10, 291; cf.: fervet fretis spirantibus aequor, boiling up, foaming, id. G. 1, 327.—
   2    In partic., to breathe, draw breath, respire (the class. signif. of the word; cf. anhelo): cum spirantes mixtas hinc ducimus auras, Lucr. 6, 1129: quae deseri a me, dum quidem spirare potero, nefas judico, Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94: ne spirare quidem sine metu possunt, id. Rosc. Am. 23, 65; id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1: vehementer et crebro spirare, Cels. 2, 4: querulum spirat, breathes plaintively, Mart. 2, 26, 1.—
   b Transf.
   (a)    Like the Engl. to breathe, = to live, be alive (usu. in the part. pres.): sunt qui ab eo (Clodio) spirante forum putent potuisse defendi, cujus non restiterit cadaveri curia (corresp. to vivus), Cic. Mil. 33, 91: ut in vivi etiam et spirantis capite bustum imponeret, id. Dom. 52, 134; cf.: margarita viva ac spirantia saxis avelli, Tac. Agr. 12 fin.: Catilina inter hostium cadavera repertus est, paululum etiam spirans, Sall. C. 61, 4: spirantia consulit exta, still panting, Verg. A. 4, 64: artus, Luc. 3, 732: corpora, id. 1, 363: non sunt ausi admovere (corpori), velut spiranti, manus, Curt. 10, 10, 13; Sil. 2, 430; cf. in verb. finit.: spirant venae corque adhuc paviduin salit, Sen. Thyest. 756.—*
   (b)    Of aspirated letters: quibus (litteris) nullae apud eos dulcius spirant, sound, Quint. 12, 10, 27.—
   B Trop.
   1    (Acc. to I. A. 1.) To be favorable, to favor (the fig. taken from a favorable wind): quod si tam facilis spiraret Cynthia nobis, Prop. 2, 24 (3, 18), 5: di maris et terrae ... spirate secundi, Verg. A. 3, 529.—
   2    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) To breathe, live, be alive: videtur Laelii mens spirare etiam in scriptis, Galbae autem vis occidisse, Cic. Brut. 24, 94; cf.: spirat adhuc amor Vivuntque calores Aeoliae puellae, Hor. C. 4, 9, 10.—Of life-like representations by painting, sculpture, etc.: excudent alii spirantia mollius aera, Verg. A. 6, 847: Parii lapidis spirantia signa, id. G. 3, 34: spirat et arguta picta tabella manu, Mart. 7, 84, 2; 11, 10, 7.—
   3    To be poetically inspired, to have the lyric spirit: quod spiro, et placeo, si placeo, tuum est, Hor. C. 4, 3, 24 (Orell. ad loc.).—
   4    Spirare alte, altius, to be puffed up, proud, or arrogant, Flor. 2, 2, 27: Eusebium alte spirantem addixere poenae, Amm. 22, 3, 12.—
II Act., to breathe out, exhale, emit (mostly poet. and post-Aug.; not in Cic.; syn. exhalo).
   A Lit.: Diomedis equi spirantes naribus ignem, Lucr. 5, 29: flammam spirantes ore Chimaerae, id. 2, 705; so, flammas spirantes boves, Liv. 22, 17: flamina, Ov. F. 4, 18: Zephyros spirare secundos, Verg. A. 4, 562: tenuem animam, to breathe feebly, Val. Fl. 4, 436: ambrosiaeque comae divinum vertice odorem Spiravere, exhaled, Verg. A. 1, 404; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 81.—
   B Trop., to breathe forth, exhale: pinguia Poppaeana, Juv. 6, 466: mendacia, id. 7, 111: ut vidit vastos telluris hiatus Divinam spirare fidem (i. e. oracula), Luc. 5, 83.—
   2    To breathe into: ficto Corpori animam, Lact. 2, 11, 3.—
   3    Transf., like the Engl. to breathe, i. e. to be full of; to show, express, manifest; to design, intend a thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): tantum spirantes aequo certamine bellum. Lucr. 5, 392: mollem spirare quietem, Prop. 1, 3, 7: quae spirabat amores, Hor. C. 4, 13, 19: inquietum hominem et tribunatum etiam nunc spirantem, Liv. 3, 46: fratris facta spirans, imitating, Sil. 15, 411; cf.: fratrem spirat in armis, id. 3, 740: spirantes proelia dira effigies, id. 17, 398.— Often with neutr. adj. used adverb.: magnum, Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 53: majora, Curt. 6, 9, 11: immane, Verg. A. 7, 510: tragicum satis, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166; cf. id. C. 4, 3, 24: quiddam indomitum, Flor. 1, 22, 1: cruenta, Amm. 16, 1, 5.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

spīrō,¹⁰ āvī, ātum, āre.
    I intr.,
1 souffler : spirantia flabra Lucr. 6, 428, les vents qui soufflent, cf. Virg. En. 5, 844 ; Plin. 8, 138 ; illi dulcis spiravit crinibus aura Virg. G. 4, 417, le souffle parfumé pénétra sa chevelure || spirat pectore flamma Ov. M. 8, 356, les flammes soufflent, s’exhalent de sa poitrine
2 bouillonner : qua vada non spirant Virg. En. 10, 291, dans l’étendue où les flots ne bouillonnent pas, cf. Virg. G. 1, 327
3 respirer, vivre : Lucr. 6, 1129 ; Cic. Amer. 65 ; Nat. 3, 94 ; spirans Cic. Mil. 91, vivant, cf. Cic. Domo 134 ; Sall. C. 61, 4 ; spirantia exta Virg. En. 4, 64, entrailles palpitantes || [fig.] videtur Læli mens spirare in scriptis Cic. Br. 94, l’esprit de Lælius semble encore respirer [vivre] dans ses discours écrits, cf. Hor. O. 4, 9, 10 ; spirantia signa Virg. G. 3, 34, statues qui semblent vivantes, cf. Virg. En. 6, 847 ; spirante etiam re publica Cic. Sest. 54, la république respirant encore
4 poét. a) avoir le souffle poétique, être inspiré : Hor. O. 4, 4, 24 ; [avec acc. n. adverbial] : tragicum spirare Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166, avoir le souffle tragique ; b) exhaler une odeur : graviter Virg. G. 4, 31, avoir une odeur forte ; spirabunt floribus aræ Stat. S. 3, 3, 211, les autels auront le parfum des fleurs ; c) avoir une émission, un timbre [en parl. de lettres] : Quint. 12, 10, 27.
    II tr.,
1 [poét.] souffler, émettre en soufflant : equi spirantes naribus ignem Lucr. 5, 29 ; Virg. En. 7, 281, chevaux soufflant le feu par leurs naseaux, cf. Liv. 22, 17, 5 || exhaler une odeur : Virg. En. 1, 404 ; pinguia Poppæana Juv. 6, 463, exhaler l’odeur de la pommade Poppée || [fig.] mendacia Juv. 7, 111, exhaler des mensonges
2 [fig.] respirer : a) aspirer à, être avide de : bellum Lucr. 5, 392 ; Martem Cic. Att. 15, 11, 1 [cf. Ἄρη πνέων Cic. Q. 3, 4, 6 ], respirer la guerre, les combats ; majora Curt. 6, 9, 11, avoir des visées plus grandes ; b) donner des signes de, manifester, annoncer : tribunatum Liv. 3, 46, 2, respirer le tribunal = avoir les sentiments d’un tribun ; mollem quietem Prop. 1, 3, 7, donner les signes d’un doux repos, cf. Hor. O. 4, 13, 19.

Latin > German (Georges)

spīro, āvī, ātum, āre (zu Wz. *speis-, blasen, hauchen), I) intr.: 1) blasen, wehen, zephyri spirant, Verg.: cum venti a Pontico mari spirant, Curt.: aurae salubriter spirantes, Amm. – bildl. spirare alci, anwehen = begünstigen (vgl. χάριν τινὶ πνειν), Prop. 2, 24, 5. – 2) hauchen, poet. = schnauben, schäumen, brausen, gären, spirans immane (ungeheuer), Verg.: freta spirantia, Verg.: quā vada non spirant, wo die Untiefe nicht gärt (wo keine Brandung ist), Verg.: spirat e pectore flamma, Verg.: m. Abl.: sp. ignibus, Feuer aushauchen, schnauben, Verg.: u. so veneno od. venenis, Lucan. u. Val. Flacc. – 3) atmen, Atem holen, dum spirare potero, Cic.: querulum (adv.), kläglich atmen, seufzen, Mart.: u. = leben, ab eo spirante defendi, Cic. – dah. übtr., a) atmen, leben, videtur Laelii mens spirare in scriptis, Cic.: spirat adhuc amor, Hor.: spirantia exta, die noch warmen, rauchenden Eingeweide, Verg. – b) gleichs. leben, zu leben scheinen, in bildenden Künsten, nach dem Leben dargestellt sein, spirantia signa, Verg.: spirantia aera, Verg.: spirat picta tabella, Mart. – c) von dichterischer Begeisterung, quod spiro et placeo, si placeo, tuum est, daß mich ein Dichter beseelt, Hor. carm. 4, 3, 24. – d) mit etwas umgehen, spirans Medea venenis, Val. Flacc. 6, 157. – 4) hauchen, duften, thymbra graviter spirans, Verg.: floribus spirabunt arae, Stat. – 5) klingen, tönen, dulcius, Quint. 12, 10, 27. – II) tr.: 1) hauchen, a) atmen, aushauchen, ausatmen, flammas spirantes, feuerspeiende Tiere (wie Drachen), Liv.: sp. ignem naribus (v. Rossen), Verg.: semper frigora (v. Winden), Verg.: sulfur pectore, Claud.: tunc immensa cavi spirant mendacia folles, Iuven. – übtr., homo tribunatum etiamnunc spirans, der noch immer vom Geiste eines Tribunen beseelt sei, Liv.: tragicum satis, von einem tragischen Geiste beseelt sein, tragisches Genie haben, Hor.: quae spirabat amores, der Liebe Glut einhauchte, Hor. – b) einhauchen, ficto corpori animam, Lact. 2, 11, 3. – 2) duften, ausduften, divinum vertice odorem, Verg. Aen. 1, 404: facies pinguia Poppaeana spirat, duftet nach usw., Iuven. 6, 463.