liber: Difference between revisions

From LSJ

θοῦ, Κύριε, φυλακὴν τῷ στόµατί µου καὶ θύραν περιοχῆς περὶ τὰ χείλη µου → set a guard over my mouth, Lord; keep watch over the door of my lips | set a guard, O Lord, over my mouth; keep watch over the door of my lips (Psalm 140:3, Septuagint version)

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|lshtext=<b>līber</b>: ĕri (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155; [[but]] also: liberorum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. 1. [[liber]], a [[child]].<br /><b>I</b> Sing. ([[post]]-[[class]]. and [[rare]]): si [[quis]] maximam portionem [[libero]] relinquat, Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—<br /><b>II</b> Plur., children (freq.; [[but]] in [[class]]. Lat. [[only]] of children [[with]] [[reference]] to [[their]] parents: pueri = children in [[general]], as younger [[than]] adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.: liberorum [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum [[gratia]], id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): cum conjugibus et liberis, Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3: eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse, id. ib. 16, 11, 1: liberos procreare, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109: suscipere liberos, id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161: per liberos te [[precor]], Hor. Epod. 5, 5: dulces, id. ib. 2, 40: parvuli, Quint. 2, 15, 8; opp. parentes, id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: [[mater]] quae liberos, [[quasi]] oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a [[privilege]] enjoyed by those [[who]] had [[three]] [[legitimate]] children (it consisted in the permission to [[fill]] a [[public]] [[office]] [[before]] one's [[twenty]]-[[fifth]] [[year]], and in [[freedom]] from [[personal]] burdens); this [[privilege]] [[was]] [[sometimes]] also bestowed on those [[who]] had fewer [[than]] [[three]] children, or [[even]] [[none]] at all; also of one [[child]]: non est [[sine]] liberis, cui vel [[unus]] [[filius]] unave [[filia]] est, Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: [[neque]] ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem) ... qui liberos [[tres]] haberet, Gell. 1, 12, 8: uxores duxerant, ex quibus [[plerique]] liberos habebant, Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and [[great]]-grandchildren: liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur, Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.: [[liberi]] [[usque]] ad trinepotem, [[ultra]] hos posteriores vocantur, ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7: [[habitus]] sis in liberum [[loco]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[sons]] (opp. daughters): procreavit liberos [[septem]] totidemque filias, Hyg. Fab. 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of children in gen. = pueri: praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione, Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the [[title]] of a [[book]] by [[Varro]], v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., of animals, [[young]]: liberis orbas oves, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically: quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: [[alia]] aliam scandit, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
|lshtext=<b>līber</b>: ĕri (<br /><b>I</b> gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155; [[but]] also: liberorum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. 1. [[liber]], a [[child]].<br /><b>I</b> Sing. (post-class. and [[rare]]): si [[quis]] maximam portionem [[libero]] relinquat, Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—<br /><b>II</b> Plur., children (freq.; [[but]] in [[class]]. Lat. [[only]] of children [[with]] [[reference]] to [[their]] parents: pueri = children in [[general]], as younger [[than]] adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.: liberorum [[genus]], Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum [[gratia]], id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): cum conjugibus et liberis, Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3: eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse, id. ib. 16, 11, 1: liberos procreare, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109: suscipere liberos, id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161: per liberos te [[precor]], Hor. Epod. 5, 5: dulces, id. ib. 2, 40: parvuli, Quint. 2, 15, 8; opp. parentes, id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: [[mater]] quae liberos, [[quasi]] oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a [[privilege]] enjoyed by those [[who]] had [[three]] [[legitimate]] children (it consisted in the permission to [[fill]] a [[public]] [[office]] [[before]] one's [[twenty]]-[[fifth]] [[year]], and in [[freedom]] from [[personal]] burdens); this [[privilege]] [[was]] [[sometimes]] also bestowed on those [[who]] had fewer [[than]] [[three]] children, or [[even]] [[none]] at all; also of one [[child]]: non est [[sine]] liberis, cui vel [[unus]] [[filius]] unave [[filia]] est, Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: [[neque]] ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem) ... qui liberos [[tres]] haberet, Gell. 1, 12, 8: uxores duxerant, ex quibus [[plerique]] liberos habebant, Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and [[great]]-grandchildren: liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur, Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.: [[liberi]] [[usque]] ad trinepotem, [[ultra]] hos posteriores vocantur, ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7: [[habitus]] sis in liberum [[loco]], Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[sons]] (opp. daughters): procreavit liberos [[septem]] totidemque filias, Hyg. Fab. 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of children in gen. = pueri: praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione, Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the [[title]] of a [[book]] by [[Varro]], v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., of animals, [[young]]: liberis orbas oves, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically: quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: [[alia]] aliam scandit, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
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{{Gaffiot
{{Gaffiot

Revision as of 13:57, 13 February 2024

Latin > English

liber libera -um, liberior -or -us, liberrimus -a -um ADJ :: free (man); unimpeded; void of; independent, outspoken/frank; licentious; idle
liber liber liberi N M :: children (pl.); (sg. VOC) child
liber liber libri N M :: book, volume; inner bark of a tree

Latin > English (Lewis & Short)

līber: ĕri (
I gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155; but also: liberorum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. 1. liber, a child.
I Sing. (post-class. and rare): si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat, Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—
II Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
   A Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): cum conjugibus et liberis, Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3: eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse, id. ib. 16, 11, 1: liberos procreare, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109: suscipere liberos, id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161: per liberos te precor, Hor. Epod. 5, 5: dulces, id. ib. 2, 40: parvuli, Quint. 2, 15, 8; opp. parentes, id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child: non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est, Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem) ... qui liberos tres haberet, Gell. 1, 12, 8: uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant, Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren: liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur, Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.: liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur, ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7: habitus sis in liberum loco, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—
   2    Esp.
   (a)    Of sons (opp. daughters): procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias, Hyg. Fab. 9.—
   (b)    Of children in gen. = pueri: praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione, Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—
   B Transf., of animals, young: liberis orbas oves, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically: quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.

Latin > French (Gaffiot 2016)

(1) lībĕr,⁷ bĕra, bĕrum,
1 [socialement] libre, de condition libre : qui est matre libera, liber est Cic. Nat. 3, 45, celui qui est né d’une mère libre, est libre||m. pris substt, liber, homme libre : (adsentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna Cic. Læl. 89, (la flatterie) indigne non seulement d’un ami, mais même d’un homme libre||[politiqt] libre [peuple, ou qui se gouverne lui-même ou qui n’est soumis à aucun autre peuple] : cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 48 ; 1, 68 ; 3, 46
2 [en gén.] affranchi de charges : a) liberi ab omni sumptu Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, affranchis de tous frais ; agri liberi Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 166, terres exemptes de charges ; [en part.] prædia libera Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres franches, sans servitudes ; b) libre, non occupé, vacant : loca ab arbitris libera Cic. Att. 15, 16 a, endroits soustraits aux regards ; liber lectulus Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5, couche solitaire ; liberæ ædes Liv. 24, 7, 3, maison inhabitée ; c) sans dettes : Brut. d. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 5
3 [fig.] a) libre de, affranchi de : ab observando homine perverso Cic. Att. 1, 13, 2, dispensé d’avoir des égards pour un mauvais homme ; a delictis Cic. Agr. 1, 27, sans reproche ; curā Cic. Fin. 1, 49, exempt de soucis ; laborum Hor. P. 212, débarrassé de ses travaux||[poét.] libera vina Hor. P. 85, le vin qui libère ; b) libre, sans entraves, indépendant : integro animo ac libero causam alicujus defendere Cic. Sulla 86, défendre la cause de qqn sans prévention, en toute indépendance ; an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat... ? Cic. Par. 36, pour moi, est-il libre l’homme à qui sa femme commande... ? liberum fenus Liv. 35, 7, 2, intérêts illimités, usure sans frein ; libera custodia Liv. 24, 45, 8, une garde lâche, qui laisse la liberté des mouvements ; hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus quod Cic. Ac. 2, 8, nous sommes plus libres et plus indépendants en ce que ; liberiores litteræ Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1, lettres un peu libres ; liberrime Lolli Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1, ô mon cher Lollius, le plus indépendant des hommes ; vocem liberam mittere Liv. 35, 32, 6, faire entendre des paroles libres, s’exprimer librement ; verba inusitata sunt poetarum licentiæ liberiora quam nostræ Cic. de Or. 3, 153, les mots inusités, les poètes ont la faculté de les employer plus librement que nous ; res alicui libera Cic. Or. 78, chose libre pour qqn, pour laquelle il a toute liberté, cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 18 ; Quint. 8, 6, 19||liberum est alicui avec inf., il est loisible à qqn de : Cic. Phil. 1, 12 ; [abl. abs. au n.] libero, quid firmaret mutaretve Tac. Ann. 3, 60, la liberté lui étant donnée de décider ce qu’il maintenait ou modifiait. leiber CIL 1, 585, 76.
(2) lībĕr,⁷ ĕrī, m., v. liberi.
(4) lĭbĕr, brī, m.
    I liber [partie vivante de l’écorce] : Cic. Nat. 2, 120 ; Varro R. 1, 8, 4 ; Virg. G. 2, 77||sur quoi l’on écrivait autrefois : Plin. 13, 69.
    II écrit composé de plusieurs feuilles, livre :
1 livre, ouvrage, traité : Demetrii liber de concordia Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6, le livre de Démétrius sur la concorde ; librum de aliqua re scribere Cic. CM 54, écrire un livre sur qqch. ; libros pervolutare, evolvere, volvere, legere Cic. Att. 5, 12, 2 ; Tusc. 1, 24 ; Br. 298 ; Fam. 6, 6, 8, lire des ouvrages ; librum edere Cic. Fato 1, publier un livre
2 [en part., au pl.] a) division d’un ouvrage, livre : tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura deorum Cic. Div. 2, 3, j’ai composé un traité en trois livres sur la Nature des dieux ; legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, j’ai lu dernièrement ton quatrième livre du de Finibus, cf. Quint. 9, 2, 37 ; 9, 1, 26 ; b) les livres Sibyllins : ad libros ire Cic. Div. 1, 97 ; libros adire Liv. 21, 62, 6, consulter les livres Sibyllins||livres auguraux : Cic. Nat. 2, 11 ; c) recueil : litterarum Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 167, recueil de lettres
3 toute espèce d’écrit : [lettre] Nep. Lys. 4, 2 ; [rescrit, décret] Plin. Min. Ep. 5, 14, 8 ; [manuscrit] Plin. Min. Ep. 2, 1, 5.
(1) lībĕr,⁷ bĕra, bĕrum,
1 [socialement] libre, de condition libre : qui est matre libera, liber est Cic. Nat. 3, 45, celui qui est né d’une mère libre, est libre || m. pris substt, liber, homme libre : (adsentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna Cic. Læl. 89, (la flatterie) indigne non seulement d’un ami, mais même d’un homme libre || [politiqt] libre [peuple, ou qui se gouverne lui-même ou qui n’est soumis à aucun autre peuple] : cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 48 ; 1, 68 ; 3, 46
2 [en gén.] affranchi de charges : a) liberi ab omni sumptu Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, affranchis de tous frais ; agri liberi Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 166, terres exemptes de charges ; [en part.] prædia libera Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres franches, sans servitudes ; b) libre, non occupé, vacant : loca ab arbitris libera Cic. Att. 15, 16 a, endroits soustraits aux regards ; liber lectulus Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5, couche solitaire ; liberæ ædes Liv. 24, 7, 3, maison inhabitée ; c) sans dettes : Brut. d. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 5
3 [fig.] a) libre de, affranchi de : ab observando homine perverso Cic. Att. 1, 13, 2, dispensé d’avoir des égards pour un mauvais homme ; a delictis Cic. Agr. 1, 27, sans reproche ; curā Cic. Fin. 1, 49, exempt de soucis ; laborum Hor. P. 212, débarrassé de ses travaux || [poét.] libera vina Hor. P. 85, le vin qui libère ; b) libre, sans entraves, indépendant : integro animo ac libero causam alicujus defendere Cic. Sulla 86, défendre la cause de qqn sans prévention, en toute indépendance ; an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat... ? Cic. Par. 36, pour moi, est-il libre l’homme à qui sa femme commande... ? liberum fenus Liv. 35, 7, 2, intérêts illimités, usure sans frein ; libera custodia Liv. 24, 45, 8, une garde lâche, qui laisse la liberté des mouvements ; hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus quod Cic. Ac. 2, 8, nous sommes plus libres et plus indépendants en ce que ; liberiores litteræ Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1, lettres un peu libres ; liberrime Lolli Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1, ô mon cher Lollius, le plus indépendant des hommes ; vocem liberam mittere Liv. 35, 32, 6, faire entendre des paroles libres, s’exprimer librement ; verba inusitata sunt poetarum licentiæ liberiora quam nostræ Cic. de Or. 3, 153, les mots inusités, les poètes ont la faculté de les employer plus librement que nous ; res alicui libera Cic. Or. 78, chose libre pour qqn, pour laquelle il a toute liberté, cf. Cic. Cat. 1, 18 ; Quint. 8, 6, 19 || liberum est alicui avec inf., il est loisible à qqn de : Cic. Phil. 1, 12 ; [abl. abs. au n.] libero, quid firmaret mutaretve Tac. Ann. 3, 60, la liberté lui étant donnée de décider ce qu’il maintenait ou modifiait. leiber CIL 1, 585, 76.
(2) lībĕr,⁷ ĕrī, m., v. liberi.
(4) lĭbĕr, brī, m.
    I liber [partie vivante de l’écorce] : Cic. Nat. 2, 120 ; Varro R. 1, 8, 4 ; Virg. G. 2, 77 || sur quoi l’on écrivait autrefois : Plin. 13, 69.
    II écrit composé de plusieurs feuilles, livre :
1 livre, ouvrage, traité : Demetrii liber de concordia Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6, le livre de Démétrius sur la concorde ; librum de aliqua re scribere Cic. CM 54, écrire un livre sur qqch. ; libros pervolutare, evolvere, volvere, legere Cic. Att. 5, 12, 2 ; Tusc. 1, 24 ; Br. 298 ; Fam. 6, 6, 8, lire des ouvrages ; librum edere Cic. Fato 1, publier un livre
2 [en part., au pl.] a) division d’un ouvrage, livre : tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura deorum Cic. Div. 2, 3, j’ai composé un traité en trois livres sur la Nature des dieux ; legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, j’ai lu dernièrement ton quatrième livre du de Finibus, cf. Quint. 9, 2, 37 ; 9, 1, 26 ; b) les livres Sibyllins : ad libros ire Cic. Div. 1, 97 ; libros adire Liv. 21, 62, 6, consulter les livres Sibyllins || livres auguraux : Cic. Nat. 2, 11 ; c) recueil : litterarum Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 167, recueil de lettres
3 toute espèce d’écrit : [lettre] Nep. Lys. 4, 2 ; [rescrit, décret] Plin. Min. Ep. 5, 14, 8 ; [manuscrit] Plin. Min. Ep. 2, 1, 5.

Latin > German (Georges)

(1) līber1, era, erum (vgl. ε-λεύθερος), I) bürgerlich frei, subst. ein Freier (Ggstz. servus), A) eig., Cic. u.a.: facta e serva libera est, Plaut.: alqm non liberum putare, nicht für einen Freien halten, Cic.: von Staaten usw., frei = unabhängig (keinem Herrscher unterworfen), Gallia, civitas, Caes.: populus, Liv.: possessio, Caes. – subst., a) līber, līberī, m., der Freie, der freie Mensch, eruditio libero non digna, Cic.: quid est turpius ingenuo, quid minus libero dignum? Cic.: cum liberi servis humilitate animi pares simus, Lact. – b) femin. subst. lībera, die Freie (Ggstz. ancilla, Sklavin), Augustin. de civ. dei 13, 21. p. 585, 22 D.2 – c) līberī, die Freien im Hause = die Kinder, s. bes. – B) übtr.: 1) v. Personen u. deren Besitztum – frei von Abgaben u. Leistungen, abgaben-, dienstfrei, liberi ab omni sumptu, Cic.: absol., civitas, Liv.: agri, Cic. – 2) von Häusern und Orten = von Bewohnern, Besuchern frei, ledig, aedes, Liv.: lectulus, lediges (nicht mit einer Gattin geteiltes), Cic.: loca ab arbitris libera, von Störenfrieden freie, Cic.: so auch liberae aedes, liber locus, frei von Besuchern, ungestört, Plaut.: übtr., v. Pers. = ungestört, Plaut. – 3) vom Vermögen = von Schulden frei, nicht verschuldet, ut rei familiaris liberum quicquam sit, Cic. – II) v. Fesseln frei, v. Personen, A) eig., Ggstz. vinctus, Plaut. u. Sen. – B) übtr.: 1) übh. frei von etw., einer Sache ledig, ohne etw., liberi a delictis, Cic.: m. bl. Abl., liber curā, sorgenfrei, Cic.: m. Genet., liber harum rerum et multarum siet, Plaut.: liber laborum, Hor.: discriminis, Plin. pan.: corporis, Itin. Alex.: fati, des Schicksalsspruches entbunden, Verg. – dah. prägn., libera vina, frei machend = von Sorgen befreiend, Hor. de art. poët. 85. – 2) von Zwang frei, ungehindert, uneingeschränkt, unumschränkt, zwanglos, selbständig, a) übh.: adulescens, Ter.: adulescentia, Cic.: vitae liberioris iter, Ov.: m. Genet., liber revertendi, Ov.: rerum, Plaut. – m. ab u. Abl. Gerund., sum ab observando homine perverso liber, ich bin nun aller Rücksichten gegen den verk. M. entbunden, Cic. ad Att. 1, 13, 2. – übtr., libera od. liberior toga, libera vestis, das Kleid eines Freien, die männliche Toga, Ov. – v. Örtl., campus, spatium, Liv.: libero caelo (freie Luft) frui, Cic., Sen. u. Lact.: liberiore frui caelo, Ov.: aqua liberior, das freier fließende (= das Meer), Ov. – libera custodia, freie, weite Haft, Cic.: u. so libero conclavi servare, in freier, weiter Haft halten, Cic. – liberum fenus, unbegrenzter (durch kein Gesetz eingeschränkter) Wucherzins, Liv. – v. der Zeit, otia liberrima, ganz geschäftsfreie, Hor.: tempus, freie, uneingeschränkte, Cic. – v. Abstr., consuetudo peccandi, Cic.: quaestio, an keine Person gebundene, Cic.: liberā fide (durch kein gegebenes Wort gebunden) incepta exsequi, Liv.: libero mendacio uti, frischweg lügen, Liv.: libera mandata (Vollmacht), Liv.: conquestus, Liv.: fastidium, Cic.: oratio (Aussage, Erklärung) aut libera aut expressa (abgedrungene), Cic.: liberum habere alqd, etwas in seiner freien Gewalt haben, Liv.: liberum est mihi, es steht mir frei = in meiner Gewalt, m. folg. Infin. od. m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, Cic. u. Liv.: neque liberum id vobis Philippus permittet, wird euch darin keine freie Wahl lassen, Liv. – u. im Abl. absol., libero (da es ihm frei stand), quid firmaret mutaretve, Tac. ann. 3, 60. – b) frei in bezug auf Urteil und Willen, unbefangen, iudicium senatus, Cic.: hoc liberiores sumus, Cic. – c) frei in bezug auf Denken u. Reden, freimütig, offen, v. Personen, Cic. u.a.: liberrime Lolli, Hor.: v. deren Gesinnung usw., animus, Cic.: liberā linguā uti, seiner Zunge keinen Zwang antun, Plaut.: vocem liberam mittere, Liv.: liberiores litterae, Cic. – d) frei von Verbindlichkeiten, ungebunden, liberi ad causas solutique veniebant, frei und ungebunden (= nicht durch Geschenke bestochen), Cic. Verr. 2, 192. – 3) moralisch frei, a) im guten (philos.) Sinne, Cic. u.a. – b) im üblen Sinne, von dem, der frei, ungebunden in Befriedigung seiner sinnlichen Begierden ausschweift, ausschweifend, zügellos, turba temulentorum, Cic.: übtr., convivium, Cic.: lustra, Plaut. – / arch. Genet. leiberei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 200, 76: arch. Nom. Plur. leiberi, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 204. col. 1, 7: arch. Gen. Plur. leiberorum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 200, 79: arch. Akk. Plur. leiberos, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 204. col. 1. lin. 36.
(2) liber2, brī, m. (zu λέπω, ich schäle), I) der Bast, der unter der Rinde (cortex) des Baumes liegt, Verg., Mela u.a.: libri arborum, Hieron. epist. 8. – II) (weil die Alten auf Bast schrieben) meton., jede aus mehreren Blättern bestehende Schrift, a) das Buch, α) als Inbegriff aller Blätter einer Schrift, Demetrii liber de concordia, Cic.: Platonis liber, qui immortalitatem animae docet, Flor.: is liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi, Cic.: libri improbatae lectionis, verbotene, Ulp. dig.: libri (Handschriften) minus accurate scripti, Macr.: libros meos, omnes quos exspectas, inchoavi, sed conficere non possum his diebus, Cic.: de eo libros fecisse multos, Varro LL.: scripsisse tres libros u. versibus (in V.) tres libros de alqa re, Cic.: librum divulgare, Cic.: librum de vita alcis edere, Plin. ep.: malum librum legere, Catull.: librum Platonis legere, Sen.: libros alcis pervolutare, Cic.: in libris haerere, Cic.: velle e bibliotheca alcis quibusdam libris uti, Cic.: libros depromere (e bibliotheca alcis), Cic.: librum ponere (weglegen, nachdem man darin gelesen hat), Cic.: iudicium illud ad libros vocare, auf Schriftwerke (Literatur) hinlenken, Hor. – insbes., eine Rede, ein Gedicht, eine Komödie, Quint.: v. den sibyllinischen Büchern, libri Sibyllini, Cic.: libri fatales, Liv.: adire libros, Liv., ad libros, Cic., ad libros Sibyllinos, Cic.: inspicere libros, Liv. (dah. inspectio librorum, Vopisc.): u. v. anderen Religionsbüchern, libri Etruscorum, Cic.: v. den Rechtsbüchern, nos autem in libris habemus, Cic.: v. den Auguralbüchern, se, cum legeret libros, recordatum esse vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 11. – liber caerimoniarum, Rituale, Tac. ann. 3, 38. – β) ein Buch = Abteilung einer Schrift, tres libri perfecti sunt de natura deorum, Cic.: ea quae essent, dictum est in libro superiore, Cic.: in quarto libro docere, Lact.: haec in ultimo libro pluribus exsequemur, Lact.: versus de libro Ennii annali sexto, Quint. – b) Verzeichnis, Katalog, Register, Cic. Verr. 3, 167. – c) Schreiben, Brief, liber grandis, Nep. Lys. 4, 2: liber grandior, Plin. ep. 2, 1, 5. – d) Erlaß, principis, Plin. ep. 5, 13 (14), 8 K. – e) Brief = Kontrakt, liber emptionis od. possessionis, Kaufbrief, Vulg. Ierem. 32, 14 u. 16. – / Akk. Plur. heterogen libra, Petron. 46, 7. – Nach Quint. 1, 4, 17 arch. auch leber.
(4) līber4, erī, m., s. liberi.

Translations

free

Afrikaans: vrye; Albanian: lirë; Amharic: ነፃ; Arabic: حُرّ‎; Egyptian Arabic: حر‎; Moroccan Arabic: حر‎; Armenian: արձակ, ազատ; Assamese: মুকলি; Asturian: llibre; Azerbaijani: azad; Bambara: hɔrɔn; Bashkir: ирекле, азат, бәйһеҙ, хөр; Belarusian: свабодны, вольны; Bengali: আজাদ, মুক্ত; Bikol Central: talingkas; Bulgarian: свободен; Catalan: lliure; Chinese Cantonese: 自由; Mandarin: 自由的; Czech: svobodný, volný; Danish: fri; Dutch: vrij, los; Esperanto: libera; Estonian: vaba, prii; Finnish: vapaa; French: libre; Friulian: libar; Galician: ceibo, libre; Georgian: თავისუფალი; German: frei; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃; Greek: ελεύθερος; Ancient Greek: ἐλεύθερος; Haitian Creole: lib; Hebrew: חופשי / חָפְשִׁי‎; Hindi: मुक्त, आज़ाद, स्वतंत्र, रिहा; Hungarian: szabad; Icelandic: frjáls; Ido: libera; Indonesian: bebas; Interlingua: libere; Irish: saor; Old Irish: sóer; Istriot: leîbaro; Italian: libero; Japanese: 自由; Jarai: rơngai; Khmer: សេរី; Korean: 자유(自由); Kurdish Central Kurdish: ئازاد‎, ڕزگار‎; Northern Kurdish: azad, serbest, rizgar; Latin: liber; Latvian: brīvs; Leonese: ḷḷibru; Lezgi: азад; Limburgish: vrie; Lithuanian: laisvas; Lombard: liber; Low German: frii, fri; German Low German: free; Luxembourgish: fräi; Macedonian: слободен; Malay: bebas; Malayalam: സ്വതന്ത്രം; Manchu: ᠰᡠᠯᡶᠠᠩᡤᠠ; Maori: herekore; Norman: libre; Norwegian: fri; Occitan: liure; Old English: frēo; Persian: آزاد‎, رها‎; Polish: wolny, swobodny; Portuguese: livre; Quechua: qispi; Romanian: liber, slobod; Russian: свободный, вольный; Sanskrit: मुक्त, स्वतन्त्र; Scottish Gaelic: saor; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: слободан; Roman: slobodan; Sindhi: آزاد‎; Slovak: slobodný, voľný; Slovene: svoboden; Somali: xor; Southern Altai: эркин; Spanish: libre; Swahili: huru; Swedish: fri; Tabasaran: азад; Telugu: విడుదల; Thai: อิสระ; Turkish: özgür; Udi: азад; Ukrainian: ві́льний, свобі́дний; Urdu: آزاد‎, سوتنتر‎, مکت‎; Uyghur: ئەركىن‎, ھۆر‎; Vietnamese: tự do; Volapük: libik; Walloon: libe; Welsh: rhydd; West Frisian: frijlitten, frij; Yiddish: פֿרײַ‎; Zazaki: azad, xoser

book

Abaza: книга, апхьага, кьтап; Abkhaz: ашәҟәы; Adyghe: тхылъ; Afar: kitab; Afrikaans: boek; Aghwan: 𐕁𐔼𐕗; Ainu: カㇺビソㇱ; Alabama: holisso; Albanian: libër; Ambonese Malay: buku; Amharic: መጽሃፍ; Apache Western Apache: nałtsoos; Arabic: كِتَاب‎; Algerian Arabic, Moroccan Arabic: كتاب‎; Egyptian Arabic: كتاب‎; North Levantine Arabic: كتاب‎; Tunisian Arabic: كتاب‎; Aragonese: libro; Armenian: գիրք; Aromanian: vivlie, carte; Assamese: কিতাপ, পুথি; Asturian: llibru; Atayal: biru'; Atong: kitap; Avar: тӏехь, таптар, тӏахьал; Aymara: panka; Azerbaijani: kitab; Bambara: gafɛ; Bashkir: китап; Basque: liburu; Belarusian: кні́га, кні́жка; Bengali: বই, কিতাব, গ্রন্থ, পুস্তক; Biatah Bidayuh: buk; Bislama: buk; Breton: levr; Bulgarian: книга; Burmese: စာအုပ်; Buryat: ном; Catalan: llibre; Central Dusun: buuk; Chagatai: كتاب‎; Chamorro: lepblo; Chechen: кинишка, китаб, книга, книшка, кинчка, жайна; Cherokee: ᏗᎪᏪᎵ, ᎪᏪᎵ; Cheyenne: mȯxe'ėstoo'e; Chichewa: buku; Chinese Cantonese: 書/书; Dungan: фу; Gan: 書/书; Hakka: 書/书; Jin: 書/书; Mandarin: 書/书; Min Bei: 書/书; Min Dong: 書/书; Min Nan: 冊/册, 書/书; Wu: 書/书; Xiang: 書/书; Chuvash: кӗнеке; Classical Syriac: ܟܬܒܐ‎; Coptic: ϫⲱⲙ; Cornish: lyver; Corsican: libru; Crimean Tatar: kitap; Czech: kniha; Dalmatian: lebro; Danish: bog; Dhivehi: ފޮތް‎; Dutch: boek; Eastern Mari: книга; Elfdalian: buok; Erzya: конёвкс, кинига; Esperanto: libro; Estonian: raamat; Evenki: книга; Ewe: agbalẽ; Extremaduran: llibru; Fala: libru; Faroese: bók; Fijian: vola, ivola; Finnish: kirja; French: livre, bouquin; Fula Adlam: 𞤣𞤫𞤬𞤼𞤫𞤪𞤫‎; Latin: deftere; Friulian: libri; Gagauz: kitap; Galician: libro; Ge'ez: መጽሐፍ; Georgian: წიგნი; German: Buch; Alemannic German: Buech; Central Franconian: Boch; Pennsylvania German: Buch; Gilaki: کیتاب‎; Gilbertese: boki; Gothic: 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃; Greek: βιβλίο, τόμος; Ancient Greek: βιβλίον; Greenlandic: atuagaq; Guaraní: kuatiañe'ẽ, aranduka; Gujarati: પુસ્તક, ચોપડી; Haitian Creole: liv; Hausa: littafi; Hawaiian: puke, liwele; Hebrew: סֵפֶר‎; Hiligaynon: tulún-an; Hindi: पुस्तक, किताब, बुक, ग्रंथ, बही, पोथी, पोथा, पुस्तिका, सिफर; Hungarian: könyv; Hunsrik: Buch; Iban: surat, bup; Icelandic: bók; Ido: libro; Igbo: akwụkwọ; Inari Sami: kirje; Indonesian: buku, kitab; Ingrian: kirja; Ingush: китаб; Interlingua: libro; Inuktitut: ᕿᒥᕐᕈᐊᑦ; Inuttut: unikkausik; Irish: leabhar; Isan: ปึ้ง; Istriot: leîbro; Italian: libro; Japanese: 本, 書籍, ブック; Javanese: buku, layang, serat; Jingpho: laika buk; Kabardian: тхылъ; Kabyle: adlis; Kalmyk: дегтр; Kannada: ಪುಸ್ತಕ; Karachay-Balkar: китап; Karakalpak: kitap; Karelian: kirju; Kashubian: knéga, knyga, knëga, ksążka; Kazakh: кітап; Arabic: كىتاپ‎; Khakas: кинде; Khanty: книга, кинишка, ԓўӈатты нєпек; Khmer: សៀវភៅ; Kikuyu: rifuku; Kildin Sami: кыррьй, кнӣга; Kis: egetabu; Komi-Zyrian: небӧг, книга; Kongo: dibuku; Konkani: पुस्तक; Korean: 책(冊), 도서(圖書); Kumyk: китап; Kurdish Central Kurdish: پەرتوک‎, کتاو‎; Northern Kurdish: pirtûk, kitêb; Kven: kirja; Kwanyama: embo; Kyrgyz: китеп; Ladino Hebrew: ליב׳רו‎; Latin: livro; Lak: лу; Lakota: wówapi; Lao: ປຶ້ມ, ປຶ້ມຂຽນ, ຫນັງສື, ສັດຖະ, ພັບ; Latin: liber, caudex; Latvian: grāmata; Laz: სუპარა; Lezgi: улуб, ктаб, дафтар; Lhao Vo: mug sug' paug', tung" paug', paug'; Ligurian: lìbbro, libbro; Limburgish: book; Lingala: búku; Lithuanian: knyga; Livonian: rōntõz; Lombard: liber; Louisiana Creole French: liv; Low German Dutch Low Saxon: book; German Low German: Book; Luganda: ekitabo; Luhya: sitabu; Lule Sami: girjje; Luxembourgish: Buch; Macedonian: книга; Malagasy: boky; Malay: buku, kitab, pustaka; Malayalam: പുസ്തകം; Malecite-Passamaquoddy: wikhikon; Maltese: ktieb; Manchu: ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ, ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ, ᠨᠣᠮᡠᠨ; Mansi: кнӣга; Manx: lioar; Maori: pukapuka; Marathi: पुस्तक; Maricopa: onyor; Mauritian Creole: liv; Middle English: bok; Mingrelian: სუფარა, წინგი; Mirandese: lhibro; Miyako: 書物; Moksha: книга; Mon: လိက် အုပ်; Mongolian Cyrillic: ном, бичиг; Mongolian: ᠨᠣᠮ, ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠋; Motu: buka; Mwani: kitabu, buku, livro; Nahuatl: amoxtli; Classical Nahuatl: āmoxtli; Nanai: дангса; Navajo: naaltsoos; Neapolitan: lìbbro; Nepali: पुस्तक, किताप; Newar: सफू; Nivkh: питғы; Nogai: китап; North Frisian: bök, buk; Northern Sami: girji; Northern Norwegian Bokmål: bok; Nynorsk: bok; O'odham: ʼoʼohana; Occitan: libre; Ojibwe: mazina'igan; Okinawan: 書物; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: боукꙑ, кънигꙑ; Old East Slavic: кънига; Old English: bōc; Old Irish: lebor; Old Javanese: tulis; Old Occitan: libre; Old Prussian: lāiskas; Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐱅𐰏‎; Oriya: ବହି; Orok: бичихэ; Ossetian: чиныг; Ottoman Turkish: كتاب‎; Pali: potthaka; Devanagari: पोत्थक; Thai: โปตถะกะ; Papiamentu: buki; Pashto: کتاب‎; Pawnee: raáwihaakaraaʾit, raáwihaakaraaʾiitusuʾ; Persian: کتاب‎, نسک‎, نامه‎; Phu Piedmontese: lìber; Plautdietsch: Buak; Polabian: bükvoi; Polish: książka, księga; Portuguese: livro; Pukapukan: lau, puka; Punjabi: ਪੁਸਤਕ, ਕਿਤਾਬ; Quechua: liwru, p'anqa; Rabha: কাওছা; Rajasthani: पोथी; Romagnol: lìvar; Romani: ginadyi; Romanian: carte; Romansch: cudesch; Russian: книга, книжка; Rusyn: книга; Rwanda-Rundi: igitabo; Samogitian: kninga; Sanskrit: पुस्तक, ग्रन्थ; Saterland Frisian: Bouk; Scots: beuk; Scottish Gaelic: leabhar; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: књи̏га; Roman: knjȉga; Seychellois Creole: liv; Shan: ပပ်ႉ, ၸႃႇဢုၵ်ႉ; Shona: bhuku; Shor: ном, книга; Sicilian: libbru; Sikaiana: laumea; Silesian: kniga; Sindhi: ڪِتابُ‎; Sinhalese: පොත; Skolt Sami: ǩeʹrjj; Slovak: kniha; Slovene: knjíga; Slovincian: knega; Somali: buug, kitaab; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: knigły; Upper Sorbian: kniha; Sotho: buka; Southern Altai: бичик, книга; Southern Sami: gærja; Southern Spanish: libro; Sranan Tongo: buku; Sudovian: laiskas; Sundanese: ᮘᮥᮊᮥ; Svan: ლა̈ირ; Swahili: kitabu, vitabu; Swazi: íncwadzí; Swedish: bok; Sylheti: ꠛꠂ; Tabasaran: китаб; Tagalog: libro, aklat; Tajik: китоб; Tamil: நூல், புத்தகம்; Tarantino: libbre; Tashelhit: ⴰⵔⵔⴰ; Tatar: китап; Telugu: పుస్తకం, పొత్తం; Tetum: livru; Thai: หนังสือ, สมุด; Tibetan: དེབ, ཕྱག་དེབ; Tigre: ክታብ; Tigrinya: መጽሓፍ, መጽሐፍ; Tlingit: x'úx'; Tocharian B: postak; Tok Pisin: buk; Tswana: buka; Tundra Nenets: книга, толаӈгобць'; Turkish: kitap, betik; Turkmen: kitap; Tuvaluan: tusi; Tuvan: ном; Udi: ҝирк; Udmurt: книга; Ukrainian: книжка, книга; Unami: lekhikàn; Urdu: کتاب‎, پستک‎, بک‎; Urhobo: e̖be; Uyghur: كىتاب‎; Uzbek: kitob; Venetian: łìbro; Veps: kirj; Vietnamese: sách, sổ, sách giáo khoa; Vilamovian: bihła, büch; Volapük: buk; Votic: tširjõ; Walloon: live; Waray-Waray: basahon, barasahon; Welsh: llyfr; West Frisian: boek; Western Ojibwa: masinahikan; Western Panjabi: پستک‎, کتاب‎; White Hmong: ntawv; Wiradhuri: garrandarang; Wolof: tééré bi, téere; Wutunhua: huaiqa; Xhosa: incwadi; Yagnobi: китоб; Yakut: кинигэ; Yami: vakong; Yiddish: בוך‎, ספֿר‎, חיבור‎; Yoruba: ìwé; Yucatec Maya: juʼun; Zazaki: kıtab, nustık; Zhuang: saw; Zulu: ibhuku, incwadi